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1 Preparation of the global GF-TADs strategy for FMD control presented by Joseph Domenech on behalf of OIE and FAO 39th General Session of the EuFMD April 2011, Rome

2 FMD is one of the most important and widespread animal disease FMD is a public good In Asunción recommendations: The control and eventual eradication of FMD in a country, region or worldwide could only be achieved if the international community recognizes that the control of FMD is a global public good that will benefit all populations and future generations;

3 Foot and mouth disease distribution by serotype during 2010 and early 2011 (WAHIS/WAHID) 66 countries free with (65) or without (1) vaccination 16 countries with free zones with (10) or without (6) vaccination 95 infected countries

4

5 Asunción recommendations 1. Economic and social justification for recognizing eradication of FMD as a global public good for the benefit of all populations and future generations. 2. A strategy for the global control of FMD should be developed 3,4. To convince the high level policy makers in infected countries to consider FMD control as a priority 5. Good veterinary governance in developing and in transition countries 6. Incorporate national and regional mechanisms such as those of the Hemispheric FMD Eradication Plan (PHEFA), the CVP/MERCOSUR (PAMA), SEAFMD, European Union and the EUFMD

6 Asunción recommendations (contd) 7. Coordinated regional roadmaps 8, 9, 10. Vaccines: quality, banks, research 11. Diagnostic facilities 12. OIE official recognition of countries and zones listed free from the disease. 13. FAO and OIE to support capacity building of developing and in transition countries to comply with OIE standards, and to introduce and implement the PCP

7 Asunción recommendations (contd) 14,15.Organise a pledging conference and scientific meetings on FMD control 16. The OIE develops its capacities for disease status recognition 17. FAO strengthens its capacities to technically support national and regional roadmap development 18, 19. Epidemiological networks, cooperation with wildlife conservation organizations 20. Compensation mechanisms

8 A complex epidemiology Trade in animal products Canada Russia USA Japan Mexico India Brazil Argentina Australia Poultry flows Beef flows Pork flows

9 Animal movements

10 FMD in African Wildlife Problems with fences Human and domestic herds introduction Transfrontalier Conservation Areas (1)Impala (Aepyceros melampus) (2)buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) Interface Wildlife domestic animals

11 Faunal diversity Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) Brown Agouti (Dasyprocta variegata) Borugo (Agouti taczanowskii) Brazilian tapir Tapirus terrestris) White-lipped peccary ( Tayassu pecari) Chacoan peccary ( Catagonus wagneri) All susceptible to FMD infection Brocket deer (Mazama sp.) White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) New species of 'Giant peccary' discovered in Brazil in ( Pecari maximus sp. nov.) Feral swine (Sus scrofa) Feral buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) 1 Van Roosmalen, G.M., Lothar, F., van Hooft, P., Deioongh, H. and Leirs, H. (2006) Bonner zoologische Beiträge 55, , Quoted by P. Roeder, Asuncion FMD International Conference, June 2009

12 Foot and Mouth Disease 7 regional virus pools Reference Laboratories and Collaborating Centres Reference Centres (UK, Belgium, Italy, South Africa, India, Russian Fed at 3/09) Regional/National Reference Centres Pool 3 O, A, Asia 1 Pool 1 O, A, Asia 1 Pool 7 O, A Pool 5 O, A, SAT 1, 2 Pool 4 A, O, SAT 1, 2, 3 Pool 2 O, A, Asia 1 Pool 6 SAT 1, 2, 3 FMD - Free Endemic Free. Virus present in game parks Free with vaccination Intermediate, sporadic Countries with multiples zones Source: Annual OIE/FAO FMD Reference Laboratory Network Report, 2007

13 Virus circulation Epidemic jumps between pools and to free regions ? or 5 Type O, Type A, Type Asia-1, Type SAT2 4

14 Importance of the disease Direct costs: Mortalities, reduction of productions... Export reduction Indirect costs: Trade, movement limitations in extensive systems,ploughing and transport... Food insecurity One health: Human well being

15 Few studies in fact Examples: UK 2001: more than 10 Billion USD Philippines 2002: C/B from 1,6 to 12 depending of export gains Argentina 2001/2002: 439 Million USD losses in exports Uruguay: exports have doubled after the country became free from FMD in 1996 Brasil: exports increase was divided by two after the occurrence of FMD outbreaks in 2005

16 Some regional programmes European Union Southern America: PHEFA, CVO/PAMA South Asia West Eurasia SEA C FMD

17 SEAFMD 2020 Roadmap

18 SEAFMD 2008 Free zone Infected zone Buffer zone Control zone Eradication zone SEAFMD 2012

19 Preparation of a global strategy Regular ongoing work FAO: Support to countries and regions EuFMD: Support to countries and regions Trainings, information, Research group OIE: Scientific Commission and its Ah hoc Group on FMD PVS pathway (processus)

20 The OIE PVS Pathway April 2011: PVS evaluations:101/113 requests PVS Gap Analysis:36/67 requests PVS Legislation:19/33 requests

21 GLEWS DISEASE TRACKING DATA ANALYSIS DISEASE INTELLIGENCE Fundamental activities for targeted surveillance, prediction, awareness and reporting to OIE And then response: Strategies: choice of tools and methods

22 Tools to be included in the control strategy Effective Veterinary Services Surveillance systems National diagnostic laboratories Emergency plans Vaccines (vaccine banks) Data base on farms and animal movements and animal identification Public-private partnership CAHWs

23 Tools to be included in the control strategy (contd) Delegation of authority OIE standards and FAO-OIE Guidelines Reference laboratory and collaborating center networks Socio economic studies International collaboration (OIE-FAO) on surveillance (GLEWS), emergency response (CMS-AH)

24 GF-TADs FMD Working Group Under the GF-TADs Global Steering Committee Global FMD-WG started with 4 persons (2 FAO, 2 OIE Global FMD-WG will be assisted by a dedicated joint FAO/OIE FMD Secretariat in Rome, regular FMD experts and a pool of qualified FMD consultants (for PCP training and assessment and capacity-building projects)

25 TORs of the FMD Working Group Develop an FMD strategy Communication with countries, Organiz., donors Communication with Refer. Laboratories and Vaccine producers Contribute to coordination of global and regional meetings and participate to them

26 TORs with respect to control activities and to PCP Review progress of nat. and reg. control activities and publish an annual report Monitor adherence to the yearly review of the FMD- PCP status of countries and carry out an assessment as laid down in the FMD-PCP document Ensure FMD specialist representation in the regional meetings to safeguard global coordination and uniform interpretation of PCP principles, standards and procedures Summarize the results of country self-assessments and makes relevant proposals on country PCP statuses to the Global FMD Steering Committee

27 Preparation of the global strategy: objectives To maintain the free status in countries without vaccination and to reach this status in countries and zones free with vaccination. To progressively control the disease in countries where it is enzootic. FMD Control to be considered as an international public good and to be included in the One Health approach (food security, human well being)

28 Preparation of the global strategy: basic principles National and regional approaches with political commitment and financial support Private-public partnership Support to Veterinary Services Surveillance, detection, reporting, alert, emergency response Virus pools to be taken into account Socio economic context to be taken into account Support to research

29 Holistic approaches Animal Health in the wider rural development and health systems contexts Rural Development, Livelihoods Food Security... Spec. Dis. Health Systems

30 Recent developments Global Control through Regional Roadmaps for each of the seven virus pools Promoting national efforts in line with the Progressive Control Pathway (PCP) Recommendation of the Global (Open) Session of the EuFMD research group Erice, Sicily, October 2008

31 EuFMD Standing Technical Committee Vienna, 28 September 1 October 2010

32 Development of the FAO-OIE-EuFMD Progressive control Pathway risk reduction approach not a top down prescribed approach: but each MS encouraged to develop national risk reduction strategies that are supportive to the regional effort 4 5 Officially free with vaccination No circulation / containment zones only Officially free without vaccination No circulation / containment zones only 3 Approaching freedom Outbreaks < once / year 2 Critical points addressed incidence 1 Critical risk points identified, strategy being developed Stages 0-3 = infected countries/zones 0 Risk not controlled Continuous FMDV circulation

33 New article in the OIE Terrestrial Code In May 2011, OIE SCAD will propose to General Assembly of Delegates to open up the possibility to endorse a FMD Control Programme The endorsement of a country programme will occur during the PCP stage 3 with a final objective of eradication of the disease Country dossiers presented for OIE-endorsement of the FMD control programme will need supportive documents to justify the feasibility of successfully implementing the programme. Presented as Technical theme at the OIE 79th General Session in May specific resolution

34 Relationship between PCP and OIE s official FMD statuses

35 Ongoing Work GF TADs FMD Working Group Follow up of regional programmes PVS analysis OIE SCAD and FMD ad hoc group work FAO and EuFMD programmes in various regions (Central and South Asia, Eurasia, Southern America ) OIE programmes (SE Asia, Southern America )

36 Global FMD Control Strategy FMD PCP: Stepwise Approach //Regional Road Maps FMD Vaccines - Sit. - Supply - Match Research Ref lab Networks Epi networks Experts PVS and GAP OIE - Progr. Endor- sement OIE - FMD-free Recognition Extra activities; projects on capacity building, vaccine supply etc Countries and regions that stay behind/need more support Present FMD situation in the world

37 Second FAO-OIE International Conference on FMD Bangkok, Thailand end of June 2012 Including a pledging session The Global Control Strategy and an advocacy document to be presented at the conference

38 Thank you for your attention

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