Bloodborne Pathogens. Aaron Holmberg, Risk Manager. ARM, MBA, OSHA Authorized Outreach Trainer February 2018

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1 Bloodborne Pathogens Aaron Holmberg, Risk Manager ARM, MBA, OSHA Authorized Outreach Trainer February 2018

2 What s This About? Infectious microorganisms (viruses and diseases) found in blood and bodily fluids that can cause disease in others. Most notable are Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV. We are here to help each other avoid exposure to bloodborne pathogens and to remind each other to use standard precautions at all times.

3 How are BBPs transmitted? Accidental puncture from contaminated needles, broken glass, or other sharps Contact between broken or damaged skin and infected bodily fluids Contact between mucous membranes and infected bodily fluids Sexual contact Sharing hypodermic needles Mothers to their babies before/at birth and breastfeeding

4 What does the law require? California Code of Regulations, title Eight, section 5193 (8CCR5193): A. Written exposure plan (see B. Determination of occupational exposure (Job duties vs. good samaritan acts) C. Control of exposure a. Engineering and work practices b. Personal protective equipment (PPE) c. Housekeeping D. Hepatitis B vaccination and post-exposure follow-up E. Communication of hazard to employees (labels, signs, training, info) F. Recordkeeping

5 Who is at risk? Employees who could reasonably be anticipated to come into contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials. A. Those who attend to injured or sick students or coworkers or students with special needs (nurses and other healthcare personnel, child care personnel, coaches and trainers, police and other designated responders, etc.) B. Those who come into contact with blood or bodily fluids (especially custodians and lab technicians)

6 How do we protect ourselves? Following universal precautions will help to keep you safe from bloodborne pathogens: Treat all blood and bodily fluids as if they have disease. A. Handwashing B. PPE (barriers) - uniforms, gloves, face shields, proper footwear - Must be properly maintained to be effective C. Disinfectants D. Clean up and housekeeping, including appropriate disposal E. Hepatitis B vaccination F. Exercise

7 More about potential exposures & transmissions A. Hepatitis B B. Hepatitis C C. HIV D. MRSA (staph infection) E. Other Infectious Diseases a. Pink Eye b. Mononucleosis c. Measles d. Tuberculosis e. Norovirus f. Etc.

8 Hepatitis B (HBV) An inflammation of the liver Very tough virus. Can survive on clothing, newspaper, or other objects for 7 days. Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, dark urine, abdominal pain, nausea, or nothing at all Transmitted by touching contaminated object and transferring it to your mouth, eyes, nose, or open skin Prevention: Hepatitis B vaccine Series of three shots, minimal side effects Post-exposure: Blood should be tested for antibodies even if you have no symptoms

9 Hepatitis C (HVC) Often has no symptoms (may not be aware of infection), leading cause of liver transplants, frequently leads to liver cancer million chronic HVC infections (3.2M in USA) 350, ,000 die worldwide every year from HVC (more than HIV) 17,000 new acute HVC infections in USA every year phic#8 Prevention: No vaccine, but there is a cure. The cure is effective 50-90% of the time Avoid/protect against direct contact with infected blood or mucous membranes, infected instruments, sharing needles, sexual activity with infected individuals

10 HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus What it is: Virus that attacks the immune system blood cells and renders them less effective in preventing disease A fragile virus (infectious only minutes outside a body) Infection eventually results in AIDS (unless medication is adequately administered and adhered) Prevention: No cure, but can be controlled (pre and post exposure) with proper medical care. Avoid contact with blood, sharing needles, unprotected sex -workplace.pdf

11 MRSA - staph What it is: Prevention: Good hygiene Strain of staph infection that is resistant to a number of antibiotics commonly used to treat staph Causes serious skin and soft tissue infections and a form of pneumonia Starts out as small red bumps, but progresses quickly after topical symptoms Keep your hands clean by washing thoroughly with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Keep cuts and scrapes clean and covered with a bandage until healed. Avoid contact with other people's wounds or bandages. Avoid sharing personal items such as uniforms and personal protective equipment. Avoid use of whirlpools and swimming pools if you have MRSA mployer.html

12 Norovirus What it is: Contagious virus that causes the intestine and stomach to swell. Health Department officials say it is crucial to disinfect the environment to prevent spreading if someone with the virus vomits or has diarrhea. lementary-school-after-norovirus-outbreak/ Prevention: Good hygiene Use disinfectants Keep your hands clean by washing thoroughly with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Keep cuts and scrapes clean and covered with a bandage until healed. Avoid contact with other people's wounds or bandages. Avoid sharing personal items such as uniforms and personal protective equipment.

13 Other Infectious Diseases What it is: TB (Tuberculosis), SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), Meningitis, Chicken Pox, Measles, Smallpox, Influenza (flu), etc. are transmitted primarily from airborne droplets from an infected person's cough, sneeze, or spit, which can then be inhaled by others. Droplet Transmission (airborne) Prevention: Caution with coughing, sneezing, talking, etc. ol.pdf

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18 Employee Responsibilities Prevent DO not handle needles or sharps Never throw sharps in the trash Get Hep B vaccine Always wash hands before and after wearing gloves Treat all potentially infectious materials as infectious Maintain PPE - cleaned, laundered, repairs; removed when leaving contaminated area First Aid Wash exposed area with soap and water Flush splashes to nose, mouth, skin with water - 20 minutes Call needlestick hotline Seek medical attention - go to one of our clinics! Report - tell supervisor and complete incident report

19 SUMMARY