Bellwork: Sensory System Vocabulary

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Lillian Dean
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1 Bellwork: Sensory System Vocabulary Ambly-dull, dim Audio-related to sound Chrom- color Cochle- coiled tube Corne- cornea Lacrim- tear Myring- eardrum Ocul- eye Opthalm- eye Oto- ear Diplo- double Echo- sound -esthesia sensation Photo- light Presby- old age Tympan- middle ear

2 SPECIAL SENSES HEALTH SCIENCES

3 State Standards Health Science 8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained. 19) Understand principles of and successfully perform skills related to Medical Assisting Skills, incorporating rubrics from textbooks or clinical standards of practice for the following b. Screening for vision problems

4 Objectives Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and tongue. Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the skin or integumentary system. Students will perform vision assessments to screen for vision problems. Students will explore sensory experiences of the different sensory organs through lab activities

5 THE FIVE SENSES Eyes Ears Nose Sight Hearing Smell Tongue Skin Taste Touch

6 The eye 1 inch sphere Protected by the orbital socket of the skull, eyebrows, eyelids, and lashes Continuously bathed in tears from the lacrimal duct in the inner corner of the eye

7 THE EYE

8 Discussion With a partner discuss What is purpose of tears? What would happen to our eyes without tears? Why do we blink? Is this a voluntary or involuntary reflex?

9 THE EYE Sclera - outer layer or white of eye Cornea - center and front of sclera Choroid coat - middle of the eye Iris - colored, muscular part Pupil - circular opening in iris Lens - behind iris and pupil Retina - innermost (third) coat

10 THE EYE

11 PATHWAY OF VISION

12 Labeling Draw an eye and label these parts. Sclera Cornea Pupil Lens Retina Optic nerve Add this to your notes.

13 Common Vision defects Presbyopia- decreased ability to focus on close objects Hyperopia- (farsightedness)- objects must be moved farther away to be clear Myopia- (nearsightedness)- objects must be brought closer to be clear Amblyopia- dimness of vision Astigmatism- irregularly curved cornea Diplopia- blurred vision Strabismus-crossed eyes (due to muscle weakness)

14 Eye Trivia!!! Which famous screen actress was noted for her stunning eyes? Many people thought her irises were violet in color Research what gives the eye its actual color??

15 Screening for Vision problems Common screening tools include Snellen Chart- assess distance Reading newsprint- assess near vision Color testing- color bars on the Snellen chart Manual Peripheral Vision screening

16 Snellen Chart Colored lines are used to check for presence of colored blindness

17 Reading Newsprint Tests near vision by measuring the ability to read newsprint at a distance of 14 inches (35 cm). Determines if hyperopia or myopia is present

18 Steps to Checking Peripheral Vision Assesses peripheral vision by determining when an object comes into sight. a. Seats client 2 to 3 feet away from self b. Has client cover one eye and gaze straight ahead. c. Begins well outside normal peripheral vision and brings object to the center of the visual fields. d. Repeats in all 4 visual fields, clockwise.

19 Activity With a partner you will be checking each others vision using a grading rubric. You will be performing the following tests Distance- Snellen chart Color- Snellen Chart Near- newsprint Peripheral- manual peripheral testing Document the results of your testing and determine if your partner has any visual defects. *if you wear glasses (complete activity with glasses and without to observe the difference) *you will be performing Snellen chart Check offs as part of your test over special senses.

20 Bellwork If you could live without one of your senses what would it be and why? 2-3 sentences. Sight Hearing Taste Smelling Touch

21 Standard 8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained. (The special senses are part of the nervous system and integumentary system)

22 Objectives Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and tongue. Students will explore sensory experiences of the different sensory organs through lab activities

23 THE EAR

24 THE EAR The outer ear (Pinna) collects sound waves and directs them into auditory canal that leads to the eardrum Glands that secrete wax (cerumen) Discussion: Discuss with a partner why we need cerumen. Research: Applying what you know about the types of tissue, what tissue is the outer part of our ear made of?

26 THE EAR cont The middle ear Cavity in the temporal bone connects to the throat by the Eustachian tube Where did we get the name for this? equalizes air pressure Contains 3 tiny bones that transmit sound waves to the ear drum Hammer Anvil Stirrup

27 Bartolomeo Eustachi He is extended the knowledge of the internal ear by rediscovering and describing correctly the tube that bears his name. He is the first who described the internal and anterior muscles of the malleus and the stapedius, and the complicated figure of the cochlea. He is the first who studied accurately the anatomy of the teeth, and the phenomena of the first and second dentition. Eustachius also discovered the adrenal glands (reported in 1563).

28 (Draw and Label)

29 Discussion Discuss with your partner Why would we need the ability to equalize pressure between our ear canal and throat? What are examples of when this happens?

30 Homeostasis and Equilibrium You equalize your ears many times a day without realizing it, by swallowing. Oxygen is constantly absorbed by the tissues of your middle ear, lowering the air pressure in those spaces. When you swallow, your soft palate muscles pull your Eustachian tubes open, allowing air to rush from your throat to your middle ears and equalize the pressure. That s the faint pop or click you hear about every other swallow.

31 THE NOSE The human nose can detect about 10,000 different smells. Odor molecules that pass through the nose get warmed and moistened.

33 Did you know??!! Our eyes always stay the same size.. However our ears and nose grow throughout our entire life!!!

34 THE TONGUE The tongue is a mass of muscle tissue with structures called papillae Taste buds cover the papilla, which are stimulated by sweet, sour, salty, and bitter tastes

35 THE TONGUE (draw and label)

36 Tongue Trivia!! Did you know Taste is the weakest of the five senses We have almost 10,000 taste buds inside our mouths; even on the roofs of our mouths Everyone s tongue print is different similar to fingerprints

37 Group Activity Read the Smell and Taste lab information located on the website. In your small groups you will be completing sensory stations and answering the questions located around the room 1. How is your sense of smell? 2. Smell Accommodation 3. The link between taste and smell 4. Taste sensations When you are finished answer the Review questions located at the bottom individually

38 Bellwork: Write down the terms. Albin- white Melan- black Alopec- baldness -ous pertaining to Cutaneo- skin Papill- pimple Cyan- blue Sebac- oil glands Derma- skin Stratum- layer Jaund- yellow -thermia heat Lipo- fat Vascul- blood vessel

39 Standard 8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained. (The special senses are part of the nervous system and integumentary system)

40 Objectives Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the skin or integumentary system. Students will research various skin diseases or disorders and possible preventative measures or treatments.

41 Trivia?!?!? What is the largest organ of the body?

42 The Integumentary System: The Structures of the Skin Epidermis layer Dermis layer Subcutaneous layer Sweat Glands Sebaceous Glands Nerve endings Hair follicles

layer It regulates body temperature and supplies nutrients

43 Homeostasis in the Integumentary System Epidermis Outermost layer Protects body from environment Dermis Middle layer The thickest layer It regulates body temperature and supplies nutrients Hypodermis Innermost layer Is an insulator, shock absorber, and protects the organs

44 Homeostasis and the Integumentary System Sweat Glands Produce sweat to cool body temperature In what other ways do we benefit from sweat? Sebaceous Glands Produce sebum or oil Gives skin a smooth appearance Protects skin from invading pathogens

45 Check for understanding!! Which two body systems does our sense of touch involve or relate to? Which layer of our skin is the thickest? Which gland helps our body to cool off?

46 Burns: Watch Video/Take Notes ng8 What are the three levels of burns? What are common causes of burns? How would you treat a second degree burn? Research hospitals that have burn units. Would you have to have additional training perhaps to work in these units and treats these patients?

47 Activity: Research then teach!! With your small group: Research common skin diseases or disorders. Describe the disease or disorder. Are there any treatments for this disease or disorder? Are there preventative measures that can be taken to avoid this disease or disorder?

48 Diseases, Disorders, or Trauma Bedsores Acne Vulgaris Impetigo Athlete s Foot Eczema Shingles Psoriasis Warts Contact Dermatitis Ulcer Pustules Ringworm

49 Project: Skin Cancer Brochure Go to the class website. Scroll down to Special Senses Choose Skin Cancer Awareness Brochure. This will be for a project grade. Read the Rubric. Your grade will be based on the requirements given.

Essential questions. What are the structures of the sensory system? 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 2

Essential questions. What are the structures of the sensory system? 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 2 Essential questions What are the structures of the sensory system? 3.03 Remember the structures of the sensory system 2 The Senses Eyes Sight Ears Hearing Nose Smell Tongue Taste Skin Touch 3.03 Remember