We will describe 1 the cause-and-effect structure of text.

Transcription

1 Learning Objective Name We will describe 1 the cause-and-effect structure of text. CFU What are we going to do? What does describe mean? Describe means. Activate Prior Knowledge Bethany did not go to school because she was sick. 1. What happened because Bethany was sick? 2. Why didn t Bethany go to school? Make Connection Students, you already know how to identify when one event makes something else happen or when one event is caused by another. This is called cause and effect. Now, we will describe the cause-and-effect structure of text. Vocabulary 1 tell about READY TO TEACH SM EDI Lessons Describe the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in a text or part of a text.

2 Concept Development Text structure is how an author organizes his or her writing. Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. The title of a passage and clue words can signal a cause-and-effect text structure. Cause and Effect Cause & Effect Clue Words because, since, as a result, for this reason so, this led to, thus, consequently, therefore Cause: Sunlight passes through raindrops. Effect: An arc of colors in the sky (rainbow). Not an example of cause-effect: Rain can be heavy or light. Rainbows are colorful. CFU In the following sentence, which is the cause? Which is the effect? How do you know? It started to rain, so I had to use my umbrella. A I had to use my umbrella. B It started to rain. What is the difference between a cause and an effect? In your own words, what is cause-and-effect text structure? Cause-and-effect text structure.

3 Skill Development/Guided Practice Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. 1 Read the passage. Hint: Look for clue words. (double underline) 2 Identify 2 the cause. (underline) 3 Identify the effect. (circle) 4 Describe the cause-and-effect text structure Cause & Effect Clue Words because, since, as a result, for this reason so, this led to, thus, consequently, therefore The cause-and-effect structure of text shows CFU 2 How did I/you identify the cause? 3 How did I/you identify the effect? 4 How did I/you describe the cause-and-effect text structure? Vocabulary 2 find 3 people who move from place to place

4 Skill Development/Guided Practice (continued) Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. 1 Read the passage. Hint: Look for clue words. (double underline) 2 Identify the cause. (underline) 3 Identify the effect. (circle) 4 Describe the cause-and-effect text structure Cause & Effect Clue Words because, since, as a result, for this reason so, this led to, thus, consequently, therefore The cause-and-effect structure of text shows CFU 2 How did I/you identify the cause? Vocabulary 3 How did I/you identify the effect? 4 How did I/you describe the cause-and-effect text structure? 4 increased quickly

5 Skill Development/Guided Practice (continued) Answer Yes or No if the causes and effects in this passage are identified correctly. CFU 1. In the autumn season, the dry, colder weather causes the leaves to change color and die. 2. Thus, the slightest wind makes the leaves fall to the ground. 3. As a result, the leaves cover the grass and clog the streets. 4. For this reason, many people spend time raking up the leaves and putting them in recycling containers. 5. Eventually, the garbage trucks haul the leaves to a landfill There, time and weather lead to the eventual decay of the leaves until they become soil again. Cause Effect A Dry, cold weather Leaves change color O Yes O No B The wind Recycle the leaves O Yes O No C Raking the leaves Clogs the streets O Yes O No D Garbage trucks empty containers O Yes O No E Time dead leaves decay O Yes O No Application Explain why you chose each answer. A: B: C: D: E: Vocabulary How did I/you determine what the question or prompt is asking? How did I/you determine the ELA concept required? How did I/you determine the relevant information? How did I/you answer the question? How did I/you determine if all parts of the question have been answered? 5 land built up from layers of garbage and soil

6 Relevance Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. 1 Describing the cause-and-effect structure of text will help you understand why things happen. 2 Describing the cause-and-effect structure of text will help you do well on tests. Sample Test Question: 51. Which statement best describes the text structure of the paragraph. A The paragraphs presents a problem and solution. B The paragraphs compares two events. C The paragraphs provides a cause and effect of an event. D The paragraphs shows the chronological order of events. CFU Does anyone else have another reason why it is relevant to describe the causeand-effect structure of text? (Pair-Share) Why is it relevant to describe the cause-and-effect structure of text? You may give one of my reasons or one of your own. Which reason is more relevant to you? Why?

7 Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. Skill Closure 1 Read the passage. Hint: Look for clue words. (double underline) 2 Identify the cause. (underline) 3 Identify the effect. (circle) 4 Describe the cause-and-effect text structure Cause & Effect Clue Words because, since, as a result, for this reason so, this led to, thus, consequently, therefore The cause-and-effect structure of text shows Access Common Core Cody is confused about the difference between a cause and an effect. Come up with an example of a cause and effect and explain to Cody the difference between the two. Summary Closure What did you learn today about describing the cause-andeffect structure of text? (Pair-Share) Use words from the word bank. Day 1 Day 2 Word Bank cause effect text structure describe

8 Independent Practice Cause-and-effect text structure tells when one event makes something else happen. A cause is a reason why something happens. An effect is what happens as a result. Name 1 Read the passage. Hint: Look for clue words. (double underline) 2 Identify the cause. (underline) 3 Identify the effect. (circle) 4 Describe the cause-and-effect text structure Cause & Effect Clue Words because, since, as a result, for this reason so, this led to, thus, consequently, therefore The cause-and-effect structure of text shows Vocabulary 1 scattered pieces

9 Independent Practice (continued) Answer Yes or No if the causes and effects in this passage are identified correctly. 1. There are many things that make cars run. 2. As a result of gas in the tank, the engine has fuel that gives it power. 3. Because the car has round tires, it easily rolls down the street. 4. Since the lights, radio, and engine need electricity, thus a battery is important. 5. Finally, someone has to turn the key, step on the gas, and steer the wheel. 6. Consequently, a human being who knows how to drive is needed to make the car go. Cause Effect A Gas in the tank Engine power O Yes O No B Round tires Look good on a car. O Yes O No C Electricity Powers the lights, etc. O Yes O No D A car battery Produces electricity O Yes O No E Any human Drive a car. O Yes O No Application Explain why you chose each answer. A: B: C: D: E:

10 Periodic Review 1 Name The cause-and-effect structure of text shows

11 Access Common Core Name Explain why the passages below do or do not use cause-and-effect text structure.

12 Periodic Review 2 Name Tsunami Formation 1. Tsunamis can devastate an area near the ocean. 2. Tsunamis begin with sudden motion of the ocean floor. 3. This movement is often a submarine 1 earthquake, but can also be below water landslides or volcanic eruptions. 4. The underwater shifting leads to massive waves as tall as 125 feet. 5. Coastal 2 cities can be destroyed quickly by waves this large. 66 words The cause-and-effect structure of text shows Vocabulary 1 below water 2 near a sea or ocean

13 Access Common Core This chart shows causes and effects from the text. Complete the chart by placing an X in the box that connects the cause with the effect. Sound and Hearing 1. Sound is a type of energy that can be heard. 2. But what is sound? 3. Sound occurs when a moving object vibrates the air around it. 4. As a result of the air vibrating, sound waves are formed. 5. These waves travel down the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. 6. That vibration leads to a liquid that carries the vibrations to thousands of tiny hair cells. 7. Consequently, these hair cells send electrical signals through the nerves to the brain. 8. Therefore, these vibrations are interpreted by the brain and we identify what we are hearing. 92 words Causes Effects Sound waves are formed Humans know what they hear Hair cells send electrical signals to brain Eardrum vibrates Sound happens Moving object vibrates air Air vibrates Waves travel down the ear Liquid carries vibrations to tiny hair cells Brain interprets vibrations

14 Periodic Review 3 Name The cause-and-effect structure of text shows

15 Access Common Core Name Cause: Effect: Gretchen described the passage above as having a cause and effect text structure. Do you agree or disagree with her? Explain your answer. What is another possible effect of students putting off starting their work? Vocabulary 1 delaying to a later time