GLOBAL VIEWS U.S. PUBLIC TOPLINE REPORT General Population /revised/

Transcription

1 U.S. PUBLIC TOPLINE REPORT General Population /revised/ September 22,

2 Survey Findings (Question Ordering and Page Numbering) Question Topic General Population Survey Question Number Follow news Q1 2 Active Part in World Affairs Q3 2 Threats to Vital Interests in Next 10 s Q5 2 Foreign Policy Goals Q7 10 Globalization and the U.S. Q10 18 Future of Next Generation of Americans Q15 19 U.S. Leadership in World Affairs Q20 19 America s Place in the World Q22 19 Federal Government Programs Q25 20 Defense budget Q26 24 Justification for Use of U.S. Troops Q30 25 Number of U.S. bases overseas Q35 28 Long-term U.S. Military Bases in Countries Q40 28 Thermometer of Countries and People Q45 31 Influence of Countries Now Q50 41 Influence of Countries in 10 s Q55 44 Addressing Domestic Problems or Challenges From Q60 47 Abroad More Important to U.S. Global Financial Regulator Q65 48 Position on Lowering Trade Barriers Q70 48 Meaning of Foreign Trade Q72 48 Globalization Good or Bad for Segments of Economy Q75 49 Countries Practicing Fair or Unfair Trade Q80 51 Important Factors in U.S. Remaining Competitive in Q85 53 Global Economy Fairness of Recent Income Distribution in U.S. Q95 56 Importance of Globalization and Trade in Fairness of Q Income Distribution Free Trade Agreements to Lower Tariffs Q U.S. Promotion of Globalization Q Impact of Certain Groups on Foreign Policy Q Impact Certain Groups Should have on Foreign Policy Q Role of Government Q Trust in Washington Q Ability of the U.S. to Achieve FP Goals Q Treaties and Agreements Q Creation of New Institutions to Deal with Problems Q U.S. to go Along with UN Decisions Q Steps to strengthen the UN Q Compliance with WTO Rules Q Importance of Countries to the U.S. Q Engaging in Trade with Specific Countries Q U.S. power in 50 s Q Rising Countries like Turkey and Brazil Conducting Q More Independent Foreign Policy Pressure on Middle East Countries to Democratize Q Topline Report Page Number

3 Support for Democracy if Islamic Fundamentalist Q Leader Likely to be Elected U.S. Leaders Talking With Leaders of Unfriendly Q Countries U.S. as a World Superpower Q Relations With Countries Improving or Worsening Q Relations With Countries Good or Bad Q Diplomatic Relations With Countries Q UNSC Veto Rules Q U.S. Commitment to NATO Q Foreign Aid Q Economic Aid to Countries Q U.S. as a World Leader Q U.S. World Policeman More Than it Should Be Q Strengthening International Institutions Q Violent Conflict Between Christians and Muslims Q U.S. Taking Sides in Middle East Conflict Q U.S. Role in Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Q Israeli Settlements in West Bank Q UNSC Action if Iran Continues Enrichment Q U.S. Action if Iran Continues Enrichment Q240A 92 Iran Production of Nuclear Fuel if it Allows in UN Q Inspectors Possible Outcomes of U.S. Military Strike Against Iran Q U.S. Military Strike Against Iran Nuclear Facilities Q Containing Nuclear Iran Q U.S. Role in a Possible Israel and Iran War Q U.S. Action with Respect to Troops in Afghanistan Q NATO Forces in Afghanistan Q Fighting Terrorist Threats in Afghanistan Q U.S. Military Effort in Afghanistan Q Terrorist Ability to Launch Attack on U.S. Q U.S. Action Against Terrorist Groups in Pakistan Q Without Government Permission Measures to Combat Terrorism Q U.S. Selling Military Equipment Q Position on Use of Nuclear Weapons Q UNSC Responsibility to Prevent Genocide Q Action Regarding Climate Change Q Aid for Limiting of Emissions by Developing Countries Q Government Action on Climate Change Q Approaches to Address U.S. Dependence on Foreign Q Energy Sources Approaches to Address Climate Change Q Environmental Protection vs. Economic Growth Q Support for Off-Shore Drilling Q China s Economic and Political System Q China s Economy as Large as the U.S. Economy Q Opinion if China Grows as Large as U.S. Q U.S. - China Loans of Money Q Dealing with the Rise of China Q Asia or Europe More Important to U.S. Q Japan or China More Important to U.S. Q China as Military Threat Q

4 Issues in U.S.-China Relations Q Level of U.S. Troops in Japan Q Level of U.S. Troops in South Korea Q U.S. Troops if Korea Reunifies Q UN Action if North Korea Attacks South Korea Q U.S. and South Korea to Work Together to Limit Rise of Q Chinese Power South Korea s Relationship with China and U.S. Q U.S. Shares Values with South Korea Q South Korea as a Democracy Q North Korea Attack of South Korea Ship Q U.S. Policy Toward North Korea Q South Korea as U.S. Trading Partner Q U.S. Foreign Policy in Asia Q KORUS FTA Q Religion in South Korea Q Torture Q Determinants of Country s Overall Power Q Level of Legal Immigration Into U.S. Q Immigration Good/Bad Q Immigration Reform Q Immigrants and Jobs Q Demographics 115

5 Introduction Knowledge Networks, a polling, social science, and market research firm in Menlo Park, California conducted this study of American public opinion and foreign policy attitudes for The Chicago Council on Global Affairs in June The survey was fielded on June 11th, 2010 to a total of 4,135 panel members age eighteen years of age or older who represented a general population sample. An additional oversample of 500 Midwest panel members (states: Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota) were fielded as well in order to collect 300 additional completes from those states. The interview completion goal for the national sample was to collect a minimum of 2,400 completed interviews. An reminder was sent to non-responders after three days and one week to improve response. The Chicago Council provided Knowledge Networks with the survey instrument. In conjunction with the Council, Knowledge Networks revised the instrument for online administration. A pretest survey was conducted to determine the survey length and verify all survey functionality worked correctly. Table 1 below displays the field period and completion rate of the survey. Table 1. Survey Completion Rate Sample Field Start Date Field End Date Cases Fielded Completes Completion Rate National 6/11/10 6/22/10 4, * 66% Midwest 6/11/10 6/22/ * 68% *2,976 cases were included for final analysis; 71 cases were excluded from the national sample due to completing the survey in 10 minutes or less and an additional 49 cases were excluded for failing to reply to at least half of the questions in the questionnaire. The final total number respondents, after the application of demographic weights, is 2,596. The margin of sampling error for the national survey is +/-1.9 percentage points 1. Additionally, some respondents showed a tendency to skip entire batteries. If this behavior was exhibited by the same respondent for two or more batteries, the Council team opted for casewise deletion, thus deleting the responses only for the battery in question of those respondents who skipped a particular battery and at least one whole other battery. This resulted in the following number of deletions from responses to the following list of batteries: Q40 = 25 extra cases excluded Q45 = 71 extra cases excluded Q120 = 47 extra cases excluded Q125 = 45 extra cases excluded Q142 = 18 extra cases excluded Q150 = 26 extra cases excluded Q160 = 70 extra cases excluded Q276 = 40 extra cases excluded Q395 = 40 extra cases excluded 1 The major of error for questions that were asked of the full sample was +/-1.9%. e that the margin of error is larger for questions that were asked of only one-half or one-third of the sample, specifically +/-2.72 and +/-3.33 percentage points, respectively. 1

6 Detailed Findings e: Numbers may not add to 100% due to rounding GLOBAL VIEWS 2010 Question 1 Question 1: When you follow the news these days, how interested are you in news about the relations of the United States with other countries? 1. Follow News Very interested Somewhat interested (N=2596) Hardly interested Don t follow the news (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points Question 3 Question 3: Do you think it will be best for the future of the country if we take an active part in world affairs or if we stay out of world affairs? c Knowledge Networks calculated numbers to 2 decimal places before final rounding on all questions. c Trend data from 1947 through 1973 come from the following national surveys conducted by NORC in Chicago: Study T-49, 151, 156, 169, 295, 332, 348, 355, 370, 399 and the 1973 General Social Survey. The 1974 survey was conducted by Louis Harris and Associates, Inc. 1

7 3. U.S. active in World Affairs (N=2596) Active part Stay out (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points Question 5 (1-17) Question 5 (1-17): Below is a list of possible threats to the vital interest of the United States in the next 10 years. For each one, please select whether you see this as a critical threat, an but not critical threat, or not an threat at all. 5/1. Drug related violence and instability in Mexico (new) (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2

8 2010 (internet) /2. U.S. Debt to China (new) (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2010 (internet) /3. The development of China as a world power (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /4. Islamic fundamentalism (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) (telephone) (internet)

9 2006 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /5. The possibility of unfriendly countries becoming nuclear powers (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept.) (60) (37) (3) (1) (internet) Change in % points /6. Large numbers of immigrants and refugees coming into the U.S. (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet)

10 Change in % points /7. Economic competition from low-wage countries (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1994 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept) (38) (51) (11) (1) (internet) Change in % points /8. Climate Change (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points

11 5/9. Disruption in energy supply (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2006 (internet) (internet) (Sept) (62) (35) (3) (1 ) (internet) Change in % points /10. International terrorism (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept) (64) (32) (4) (1) (internet) Change in % points /11. A confrontation between mainland China and Taiwan (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2006 (internet) (internet) (internet)

12 Change in % points /12. Violent Islamist groups in Pakistan and Afghanistan (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical (internet) (internet) Change in % points /13. AIDS, avian flu, and other potential epidemics* (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /14. Military conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2002 (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

13 5/15. Iran s nuclear program (new) (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2010 (internet) /16. Cyber attacks on U.S. computer networks (new) (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2010 (internet) /17. U.S. dependence on foreign oil (new) (N=2596) Critical Important but not critical 2010 (internet) Summary of 5: Threats to U.S. Vital Interests data only 5. Ranking of threats to the vital interests of the United States (by critical) (N=2596) Important but Critical not critical 5/10. International terrorism /5. The possibility of unfriendly countries becoming nuclear 100 powers /15. Iran s nuclear program (new) /17. U.S. dependence on foreign oil (new) 100 5/12. Violent Islamist groups in Pakistan and Afghanistan

14 5/9. Disruption in energy supply /16. Cyber attacks on U.S computer networks (new) 100 5/2. U.S. debt to China (new) / 6. Large numbers of immigrants and refugees coming into the U.S /1. Drug related violence and instability in Mexico (new) 100 5/14. Military conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors /4. Islamic fundamentalism /3. The development of China as a world power /13. AIDS, avian flu, and other potential epidemics* /8. Climate Change /7. Economic competition from low-wage countries /11. A confrontation between mainland China and Taiwan Comparison of 2008 and 2010 rankings of threats to the vital interests of the United States (by critical) /10. International terrorism 2 1 5/5. The possibility of unfriendly countries becoming nuclear powers 3 2 5/15. Iran s nuclear program (new) - 3 5/17. U.S. dependence on foreign oil (new) - 4 5/12. Violent Islamist groups in Pakistan and Afghanistan 5 5 5/9. Disruption in energy supply 1 6 5/16. Cyber attacks on U.S. computer networks (new) - 7 5/2. U.S. debt to China (new) - 8 5/ 6. Large numbers of immigrants and refugees coming into the U.S /1. Drug related violence and instability in Mexico (new) /14. Military conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors 6 (2004) 11 5/4. Islamic fundamentalism /3. The development of China as a world power /13. AIDS, avian flu, and other potential epidemics* 5 (2006) 14 5/8. Climate Change /7. Economic competition from low-wage countries /11. A confrontation between mainland China and Taiwan

15 Question 7 (1-19) Question 7 (1-19): Below is a list of possible foreign policy goals that the United States might have. For each one please select whether you think that it should be a very foreign policy goal of the United States, a somewhat foreign policy goal, or not an goal at all? e: All percentages for the 1990 goals question are newly corrected to reflect an error made in 1990 when data from the two different questionnaire forms were combined 7/1. Protecting weaker nations against foreign aggression (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /2. Strengthening the United Nations (N=2596) Very Somewhat

16 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /3. Combating international terrorism (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept.) (65) (29) (4) (2) (internet) Change in % points /4. Maintaining superior military power worldwide (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet)

17 2010 (internet) Change in % points /5. Protecting the jobs of American workers (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept.) (78) (18) (3) (2) (internet) Change in % points /6. Helping to bring a democratic form of government to other nations (N=2596) Very Somewhat

18 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /7. Securing adequate supplies of energy (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept.) (77) (20) (1) (2) (internet) Change in % points /8. Controlling and reducing illegal immigration (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone)

19 2002 (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /9. Limiting climate change (N=2596) Very Somewhat 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /10. Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (Sept.) (66) (29) (3) (3) (internet) Change in % points /11. Promoting and defending human rights in other countries Very Somewhat (N=2596) 14

20 2006 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /12. Combating world hunger (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /13. Promoting international trade (N=2596) Very Somewhat 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /14. Improving America s standing in the world (N=2596) 15

21 Very Somewhat 2008 (internet) (Sept.) (51) (38) (10) (2) (internet) Change in % points /15. Stopping the flow of illegal drugs into the United States (N=2596) Very Somewhat (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /16. Reducing our trade deficit with foreign countries (N=2596) Very Somewhat (internet) Change in % points /17. Safeguarding against global financial instability (N=2596) 16

22 Very Somewhat (internet) Change in % points /18. Reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil (new) (N=2596) Very Somewhat 2010(internet) /19. Making sure China does not dominate the Korean Peninsula (new) (N=851) Very Somewhat 2010(internet) Summary of 7: U.S. Foreign Policy Goals data only Raking of U.S. Foreign Policy Goals (by Very Important) (N=2646) Very Somewhat Goal 7/5. Protecting the jobs of American workers /18. Reducing U.S. dependence on foreign oil (new) /10. Preventing the spread of nuclear weapons /3. Combating international terrorism /7. Securing adequate supplies of energy /15. Stopping the flow of illegal drugs into the United States /8. Controlling and reducing illegal immigration

23 7/4. Maintaining superior military power worldwide /16. Reducing our trade deficit with foreign countries 7/14. Improving America s standing in the world /17. Safeguarding against global financial instability /12. Combating world hunger /2. Strengthening the United Nations /9. Limiting climate change /13. Promoting international 100 trade /11. Promoting and defending 100 human rights in other countries /19. Making sure China does not dominate the Korean Peninsula (new n=865) /1. Protecting weaker nations against foreign aggression /6. Helping to bring a democratic form of government to other nations Question 10 Question 10: Turning to something else, do you believe that globalization, especially the increasing connections of our economy with others around the world, is mostly good or mostly bad for the United States? 10. Globalization and the U.S. (N=2596) Neutral/ Mostly good Mostly bad equally good and bad (telephone) (internet) n/a (internet) n/a (internet) n/a (internet) n/a (Sept.) (56) (42) n/a (2) (internet) n/a Change in % points

24 Question 15 Question 15: Thinking about the next generation of Americans who are children today, the way things are going, do you think economically they will be better off, worse off, or about the same as the generation of adults who are working today? 15. Future of next generation of Americans (N=2596) Better off About the same Worse off 2008 (internet) (Sept.) (10) (27) (62) (1) (internet) Change in % points Question 20 Question 20: From your point of view, how desirable is it that the U.S. exert strong leadership in world affairs? Very desirable, somewhat desirable, somewhat undesirable, or very undesirable? 20. U.S. Leadership in World Affairs (N=2646) Very Somewhat Somewhat Very Neither or desirable desirable undesirable undesirable both equally (internet) n/a Change in % points Question 22 Question 22: Now a question about America s place in the world. Please tell me whether you agree or disagree with the following statement: The U.S. should mind its own business internationally and let other countries get along the best they can on their own. 22. America s place in the world (new) (N=1309) Agree Disagree 1964 Gallup Gallup

25 1972 Gallup Gallup Gallup Gallup Gallup /1993 Pew /1995 Pew /1997 Pew /1999 Pew /2001 Pew /2002 Pew /2004 Pew /2005 Pew /2006 Pew /2009 Pew (internet) Question 25 (1-9) Question 25 (1-9): Below is a list of present federal government programs. For each, please select whether you feel it should be expanded, cut back or kept about the same. 25/1. Aid to Education (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

26 25/2. Defense Spending (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /3. Social Security (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

27 25/4. Military Aid to Other Nations (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /5. Economic Aid to Other Nations (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

28 25/6. Health Care (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /7. Gathering Intelligence Information about Other Countries (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /8. Homeland Security (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure 2002 (telephone) (telephone) (internet) (internet)

29 2010 (internet) Change in % points /9. Improving public infrastructure such as highways, bridges and airports (N=1290) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Sure 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points Summary of 25: Federal Government Programs data only Raking of Federal Government Programs (by Expand) (N=1313) Expand Cut Back Keep Same Program 25/1. Aid to Education /6. Health Care /3. Social Security /9. Improving public infrastructure /8. Homeland Security /7. Gathering Intelligence Information /2. Defense Spending /5. Economic Aid /4. Military Aid Question 26 Question 26: There has been some discussion about whether, in the effort to address the federal budget deficit the defense budget should be cut along with other programs. Do you think the defense budget: 26. Defense budget cuts (new) (N=1292) Should not be cut Should be cut, but less than other programs Should be cut about the same percentage as other programs Should be cut a greater percentage than other programs Sure 24

30 2010 (internet) Question 30 (1-8) Question 30 (1-8): There has been some discussion about the circumstances that might justify using U.S. troops in other parts of the world. Please give your opinion about some situations. Would you favor or oppose the use of U.S. troops: e: All percentages for the 1990 troop use question are newly corrected to reflect an error made in 1990 when data from the two different questionnaire forms were combined 30/1. If North Korea invaded South Korea (N=1283) Favor Oppose (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /2. If China invaded Taiwan (N=1283) Favor Oppose (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

31 30/3. To be part of an international peacekeeping force to enforce a peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinians (N=1283) Favor Oppose 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /4. To stop a government from committing genocide and killing large numbers of its own people (N=1283) Favor Oppose 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /5. To ensure the oil supply* (N=1283) Favor Oppose 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points *this option read to ensure the supply of oil in the 2002 survey 26

32 30/6. To be a part of an international peacekeeping force to stop the killing in Darfur (N=1283) Favor Oppose 2006 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /7. To deal with humanitarian crises (N=1283) Favor Oppose (internet) (internet) Change in % points /8. If Israel were attacked by its neighbors (new) (N=1283) Favor Oppose 2010 (internet) Summary of 30: Justify Troops data only Rating of Situations Justifying Troops (by Favor) (N=1283) Favor Oppose Circumstances 30/4. To stop a government from committing genocide and killing large numbers of its own people /7. To deal with humanitarian crises /6. To be a part of an international peacekeeping force to stop the killing in Darfur /5. To ensure the oil supply

33 30/3. To be part of an international peacekeeping force to enforce a peace agreement between Israel and the Palestinians /8. If Israel were attacked by its neighbors (new) /1. If North Korea invaded South Korea /2. If China invaded Taiwan Question 35 Question 35: Thinking about long-term military bases the U.S. has overseas, do you think the U.S. should have more bases overseas, fewer bases overseas, or about as many as we have now? 35. Attitude toward long-term military bases (N=1273) More bases Fewer bases About as many as now 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points Question 40 (1-7) Question 40 (1-7): Do you think the United States should or should not have long-term military bases in the following places? * Answer options were "Favor"/"Oppose" in /1. Japan (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet)

34 2010 (internet) Change in % points /2. Iraq (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /3. South Korea (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /4. Afghanistan (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet)

35 Change in % points /5. Pakistan (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /6. Germany (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /7. Turkey (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet)

36 Change in % points Summary of 40: Long Term Military Bases In Specific Countries data only (Ranked by Should Have) Country (N=1284) Should have* Should not have* 40/3. South Korea /4. Afghanistan /6. Germany /2. Iraq /1. Japan /5. Pakistan /7. Turkey Question 45 (1-22) Question 45 (1-22): Please rate your feelings toward some countries and peoples, with one hundred meaning a very warm, favorable feeling, zero meaning a very cold, unfavorable feeling, and fifty meaning not particularly warm or cold. You can use any number from zero to one hundred, the higher the number the more favorable your feelings are toward that country or those people. 45/1. Pakistan (N=1150) Mean Median Don t Know/ Refused (internet) (internet) Change in % points /2. Germany Mean Median (N=1186) familiar / 31

37 n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /3. Mexico Mean Median (N=1120) familiar / n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /4. Israel Mean Median (N=1177) familiar / n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet)

38 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /5. Great Britain Mean Median (N=2427) familiar / n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /6. China Mean Median (N=2513) familiar / n/a n/a (telephone) 2002 (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points

39 45/7. Saudi Arabia Mean Median (N=1172) familiar / n/a n/a (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /8. France Mean Median (N=1140) degre es 30-0 familiar / n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /9. Brazil Mean Median (N=2513) familiar/ no opinion sure/ n/a n/a n/a n/a

40 2002 (telephone) (internet) n/a Change in % points /10. India Mean Median (N=2513) familiar / n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (telephone) 2006 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /11. Japan (N=2513) familiar / Mean Median n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a (internet) (internet)

41 2010 (internet) Change in % points /12. Russia Mean Median (N=2513) familiar/ n/a n/a n/a n/a (internet) (internet) Change in % points /13. Venezuela Mean Median (N=1166) familiar/ 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /14. Iran (N=1163) familiar / Mean Median n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

42 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /15. Cuba Mean Median (N=1156) familiar / (internet) (internet) Change in % points /16. Iraq (N=1214) familiar / Mean Median n/a n/a n/a (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /17. Palestinian Authority Mean Median (N=1202) familiar/ 37

43 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /18. South Africa Mean Median (N=1157) familiar/ 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /19. North Korea (N=1214) familiar / Mean Median n/a n/a (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /20. South Korea Mean Median (N=2513) degre es 30-0 familiar / n/a n/a (telephone)

44 2004 (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /21. Indonesia Mean Median (N=1180) familiar / 2006 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /22. Turkey Mean Median (N=1139) familiar/ no opinion n/a n/a (internet) Change in % points Summary of 45: Mean Temperatures in Thermometer Rating for Countries and Peoples Summary: Mean Temperatures in Thermometer Ratings for Countries and Peoples Great SAUDI FRANCE PAKISTAN Germany* Mexico Israel Britain CHINA** ARABIA DEGREES Degrees Degrees Degrees Degrees DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES 1978 NA NA NA NA

45 1994 NA /49 76 /70 48 / / NA NA *In surveys prior to 1990, this was asked as West Germany **In surveys prior to 2004, this was asked as People s Republic of China BRAZIL INDIA JAPAN RUSSIA VENEZUELA IRAN Cuba Iraq PA DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES DEGREES 1978 n/a n/a n/a 50 n/a n/a n/a 1982 n/a n/a n/a 28 n/a n/a n/a 1986 n/a n/a n/a 23 n/a n/a n/a 1990 n/a n/a n/a 27 n/a 20 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a /53 n/a 28 n/a 23 n/a 2004 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 2006 n/a n/a n/a 21 n/a 27 n/a 2008 n/a SOUTH North South AFRICA Korea Korea Indonesia Turkey Degrees Degrees Degrees Degrees Degrees 1978 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1982 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1986 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1990 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1994 n/a n/a n/a 1998 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 2006 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a

46 (Ranked by Highest Mean Temperature) Country 2008 Mean (Rank) 2010 Mean (Rank) Great Britain 70 (1) 73 (1) Germany 57 (4) 63 (2) Japan 59 (2) 61 (3) Israel 58 (3) 57 (4) France 49 (6) 56 (5) Brazil - 56 (5) South Africa 46 (9) 54 (7) India 47 (7) 53 (8) South Korea - 52 (9) Turkey - 49 (10) Russia 47 (7) 48 (11) Indonesia - 47 (12) Mexico 50 (5) 46 (13) China 41 (10) 45 (14) Venezuela 39 (11) 43 (15) Saudi Arabia 39 (11) 39 (16) Cuba 36 (13) 38 (17) Pakistan 35 (14) 35 (18) Iraq 34 (15) 34 (19) PA 32 (16) 32 (20) North Korea - 27 (21) Iran 27 (17) 27 (21) Question 50 (1-9) Question 50 (1-9): I would like to know how much influence you think each of the following countries has in the world. Please answer on a 0 to 10 scale; with 0 meaning they are not at all influential and 10 meaning they are extremely influential. 50/1. The U.S. (N=1307) Mean Median familiar / 2002 (telephone) * * * * * (internet)

47 2008 (internet) (internet) Change in % points /2. Russia (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Tota l Change in % points /3. Japan (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2002 (telephone) * (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /4. Brazil (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2008 (internet) (internet) Tota l 42

48 Change in % points /5. China (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2002 (telephone) * (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /6. India (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) (internet) Change in % points /7. European Union as a whole (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2002 (telephone) (internet) (internet) In 2002 and 2006 the question was asked as European Union 43

49 2010 (internet) Change in % points /8. South Korea (new) (N=1307) familiar / Mean Median 2010 (internet) Tota l 50/9. Turkey (new) Mean Median (N=1307) familiar / 2010 (internet) Summary of 50: Influence of Countries in the World Now (Ranked by Highest Mean Influence Score) Country 2008 Mean (Rank) 2010 Mean (Rank) United States 9.5 (1) 8.6 (1) China 7.9 (2) 7.5 (2) The European Union as a While 7.8 (3) 7.2 (3) Japan 7.5 (5) 6.4 (4) Russia 7.1 (6) 6.2 (5) India 6.2 (8) 5.0 (6) South Korea (7) Brazil 5.5 (9) 4.2 (8) Turkey (9) Question 55 (1-9) Question 55 (1-9): Using the same 10 point scale, please say how much influence you think each of the following countries will have in the world 10 years from now. 44