Impact of oral health on the quality of life of 3-6-years old HIV-infected children. Quality of life in HIV+ children
|
|
- Andra Collins
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A.K. Buczynski, G.F. Castro, A.T. Leão, I.P.R. Souza Departamento de Odontopediatria - Av. Brigadeiro Trompowski s/nº, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil anakarlab@gmail.com Impact of oral health on the quality of life of 3-6-years old HIV-infected children. Quality of life in HIV+ children ABSTRACT Aim The objective was to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life of HIV-infected patients aged 3-6 years based on their caregivers perceptions. Methods A questionnaire for measuring the perception and the instrument Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) were applied to 31 caregivers whose children were being treated in a public hospital. Results The mean age of the children was 4.52 years (SD 1.22). The total ECOHIS score ranged from 0 to 26, with a mean value of 4.13 (SD 6.66). Seventeen children (54.8%) were found to have at least one impact: toothache (64.7%), herpetic gingivostomatitis (23.5%) or both (11.8%). Statistically significant difference was found between the ECOHIS score and presence of restored teeth, prior dental treatment, AIDS, and viral load. With respect to the caregivers perception, it resulted to be adequate, as those caregivers whose children had a greater number of decayed teeth and higher biofilm index also considered the oral health to be bad (P<0.001). However, the children s general health was found to be good despite the worse immunological classification (P<0.017). Conclusion The quality of life of the HIV-infected children has been negatively affected by the oral health. Keywords: Child; HIV infection; Oral health; Quality of life. Introduction Children can be commonly affected by oral cavity problems such as caries, dental trauma, dental eruption, lesions and malocclusions [America/POMMAR, 2004]. All these problems may have a negative impact on the quality of life whenever pain, masticatory difficulties, appetite loss, weight loss, insomnia, behavioral changes, decreased school attendance, and physical restrictions are observed EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/ [Acs and Ng, 2002; Gift et al., 1992]. This negative impact can be more significant in HIV-infected children because oral lesions associated with immune condition and disease prognosis frequently affect them. Candidiasis, increased parotid gland, herpetic stomatitis, hairy leukoplakia, linear gingival erythema, and cervical lymphadenopathy are amongst the most common orofacial lesions [Chigurupati et al., 1996]. It is worth emphasising that the use of antiretroviral therapy by the children has been decreasing the prevalence of oral soft tissue lesions over the years. Children represents a special group in which factors related to caries disease and gingivitis take part of their daily life which explains its high prevalence. Long-term use of sugary medications, change in the salivary flow due to medication use and/or salivary gland alterations [Ribeiro et al., 2002], diet rich in carbohydrates [Ribeiro et al., 2002; Souza et al., 1996], repeated hospitalisations [Ribeiro et al., 2002], poor oral hygiene [Souza et al., 1996], immunesuppression by HIV-infection [Castro et al., 2001] are amongst these factors. Little is known about the difficulties and adverse factors that affect children living with HIV/AIDS in Brazil and their families, despite efforts to systematisation of experience relating to institutional care to that clientele, carried out by civil society organizations, many of them with government support and international agencies [America/POMMAR, 2004]. As there are few studies on the quality of life of HIVinfected children as well as on the relevance of the oral problems, the objective of the present article is to assess the oral health impact on the quality of life of 3-6 years old HIV-infected children. Methods The sample was conveniently selected and consisted of 31 caregivers whose HIV-infected children were being treated at an AIDS outpatient clinic of a public hospital. The study was approved by an Ethics Committee and an informed consent form was signed by the caregivers. After filling the identification card, the caregivers were interviewed by one investigator who applied the questionnaire Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) [Pahel et al., 2007] in order to assess the impact of oral health on the quality of life of their children and families. This ECOHIS consists of 13 questions (Table 1) and has two main parts: part one is the child impact section and part two is the family impact section. The scale is scored using a simple Likert frequency type scale, with responses ranging from "Never" to "Very often" (scores of 0 4). Item scores are simply added to create a total scale score which range of 0 52, with higher scores indicating greater impacts and/or more problems [Li et al., 2008]. In addition to the questionnaire, four questions were added in order to assess the caregiver s perception of their children s oral and general health (Table 4) of which three ones were used for validating the questionnaire for Brazilian children [Tesch et al., 2008]. Next, oral examination was performed to evaluate presence of carious lesion in dentine, restored teeth, early tooth loss, root residues, color changes in the superior- 81
2 BUCZYNSKI A.K. ET AL. Question % (n) Mean Scores (SD) 1. Has your child ever felt pain in his/her teeth, in the mouth or jaws? 48.4 (15) 1.06 (1.29) 2. Has your child ever had difficulty drinking hot or cold drinks due 19.3 (6) 0.35 (0.76) to 3. Has your child ever had difficulty eating certain foods due to 35.5 (11) 0.77 (1.15) 4. Has your child ever had difficulty pronouncing any word due to Has your child ever missed daycare, nursery school or regular 12.9 (4) 0.19 (0.54) school due to 6. Has your child ever had difficulty sleeping due to problems 12.9 (4) 0.29 (0.78) 7. Has your child ever been irritable or moody due to problems 12.9 (4) 0.29 (0.78) 8. Has your child ever avoided smiling or laughing due to problems 6.4 (2) 0.13 (0.50) 9. Has your child ever avoided speaking due to problems 3.2 (1) 0.06 (0.36) 10. Have you or anyone in your family ever been bothered due to 12.9 (4) 0.32 (0.83) 11. Have you or anyone in your family ever felt guilty due to 12.9 (4) 0.42 (1.12) 12. Have you or anyone in your family ever missed work due to 12.9 (4) 0.26 (0.73) 13. Has your child ever had problems with his/her teeth or had dental 3.2 (1) 0.06 (0.36) treatment that weighed heavily on family finances? TABLE 1 - ECOHIS questionnaire. anterior region, anterior open bite, biofilom index and presence of oral manifestations due to HIV infection. Data on clinical and immune classifications as well as on drug therapy were obtained from medical records. The data were analysed by using a SPSS Program. In order to evaluate the mean ECOHIS values and the caregiver s perception in relation to the data obtained, Student s t test, Mann-Whitney s test, and Spearman s correlation coefficient were used at 5% statistical significant. Results Thirty-one caregivers were interviewed, with the great majority being female (87.1%) and 58.1% being the mothers. The mean age of the respondents was years (SD=8.10), and 22 were unemployed. Most of the respondents have not completed secondary school. The mean age of the children was 4.52 years (SD=1.22), and 54.8% were girls. The great majority of them were going to school or nursery school. With respect to oral hygiene habits, 11 children brushed their teeth by themselves, 9 were helped by their caregivers, 10 had their oral hygiene performed by the caregivers, and 1 had no oral hygiene at all. Only 6 children used dental floss, and a diet rich in sucrose was reported by 18 caregivers. Twenty-nine (93.5%) respondents reported that they had been already instructed about oral hygiene. With respect to the impact of oral health on the children s quality of life, the total ECOHIS score ranged from 0 to 26 (mean 4.13; SD 6.66). The confidence rate for the ECOHIS questionnaire was evaluated by using internal consistency, and a satisfactory result was obtained for the 13 questions analysed (Cronbach s = 0.89). Table 1 shows the mean scores obtained for each question. Seventeen (54.8%) children had at least one impact, which ranged from 0 to 13. The caregivers cited tooth pain (64.7%), recurrent gingival stomatitits (23.5%) or both. If only questions on children are considered (items 1-9), 17 (54.8%) presented at least one impact resulting from oral problems. On the other hand, questions on family (items 10-13) indicated some impact in 8 (25.8%) cases. The mean ECOHIS score for girls was lesser (3.76) than that for boys (4.57), but no statistical significance was found (Student s test; P>0.05). It was also observed the ECOHIS score was not influenced by caregiver s gender (Student s test; P>0.05), family income, child s age (Pearson s correlation coefficient; P>0.05) or caregiver s educational level (Spearman s correlation coefficient; P>0.05). Table 2 shows the results obtained from the clinical examination and their relationship with ECOHIS total mean score. The mean number of teeth affected by oral manifestations is the following: teeth with carious lesions (3.55, SD=4.13), teeth with cavity lesions in dentin (2.42, SD=3.24), teeth with restorations (0.29, SD=0.74), prematurely lost teeth (0.35, SD=1.14), teeth with color change in the superior-anterior region (0.23, SD=0.50), and root residues (0.48, SD=1.57). Nevertheless, these results had no influence on the ECOHIS total mean score (Pearson s correlation coefficient; P>0.05). Twenty-one children (67.7%) had already been submitted to dental treatment, including restorations and extractions. A statistically significant relationship was 82 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/2-2011
3 QUALITY OF LIFE IN HIV+ CHILDREN N (%) observed between this finding and the ECOHIS score (Student s test; P=0.0049), since patients who had never been treated before showed a mean total score of 1.90, whereas those who had been treated showed The treatment length of HIV infection ranged from less than 1 to 6 years, and 41.8% of the children have been under treatment for 1 year or less. This finding was shown to have no relation to ECOHIS score (Student s test; P>0,05). The patients medical data can be observed in Table 3, although it was not possible to obtain such EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/ Mean Scores (SD) Cavity Lesions Yes 16 (51.6) 5.56 (6.88) a No 15 (48.4) 2.60 (6.28) Restorations Yes 5 (16.1) (12.44) b No 26 (83.9) 2.69 (3.89) Early Tooth Loss Yes 5 (16.1) 5.20 (10.54) a No 26 (83.9) 3.92 (5.93) Root Residues Yes 3 (9.7) 6.33 (6.51) a No 28 (90.3) 3.89 (6.75) Color Change In The Anterior Region Yes 6 (19.4) 0.67 (1.63) a No 25 (80.6) 4.96 (7.15) Anterior Open bite Malocclusion Yes 11 (35.5) 4.45 (7.09) a No 20 (64.5) 3.95 (6.59) Gengivitis Yes 3 (9.7) 5.00 (3.61) a No 28 (90.3) 4.04 (6.94) Lymphadenopathy Yes 17 (54.8) 5.76 (8.44) a No 14 (45.2) 2.14 (2.63) Parotid Hypertrophy Yes 4 (12.9) 1.50 (2.38) a No 27 (87.1) 4.52 (7.02) Biofilm Index Absence of biofilm 4 (12.9) 6.00 (12.0)c Thin biofilm on anterior teeth 1 (3.2) 0 (0) Thin, diffuse, removable biofilm on anterior and posterior regions of the teeth 9 (29.0) 5.12 (2.67) Thick biofilm adhered to anterior and posterior regions of the teeth 1 (3.2) 5.00 (0) Thick biofilm adhered to anterior regions and thin biofilm adhered to posterior regions, or vice-versa 8 (25.8) 5.12 (8.74) Thick biofilm firmly adhered to anterior and posterior regions of the teeth 8 (25.8) 5.12 (5.51) a Student s test; P>0.05 b Student s test; P= c Spearman s correlation coefficient; P>0.05 TABLE 2 - Oral problems and ECOHIS score. information regarding four children. The caregivers perception of their children s oral and general health was also evaluated (Table 4). Children whose caregivers perceived a poor oral health in comparison to other children had a greater number of decayed teeth and a higher biofilm index as well (Spearman s correlation coefficient; P<0.001). The relationship between child s oral health/well-being and number of decayed teeth was also observed (Spearman s correlation coefficient; P<0.031). With respect to the caregiver s perception of the child s general health, it was observed that children presenting lower immune response and higher viral load were those whose caregivers thought they had good health in comparison to other children (Spearman s correlation coefficient; P=0.017 and P=0.015). Such a perception was correlated with AIDS presence, advanced stage of the HIV infection (Mann- Whitney s test, P>0.05) or clinical classification (Spearman s correlation coefficient; P>0.05). Discussion N (%) Mean Scores (SD) Clinical Categories No symptoms (N) 5 (18.5) 8.20 (10.11) a Mild symptoms (A) 4 (14.8) 5.50 (4.04) Moderate symptoms (B) 5 (18.5) 6.00 (11.22) Severe symptoms (C) 13 (48.1) 1.54 (3.41) Immunological Categories Absence of immunossupression (1) 6 (22.2) 8.67 (12.69) a Moderate immunossupression (2) 7 (25.9) 5.57 (4.50) Severe immunossupression (3) 14 (51.9) 1.57 (3.41) Viral Load <200 copies/ml 6 (22.2) 0.33 (0.82) b copies/ml 8 (29.6) 2.37 (2.82) >10000 copies/ml 13 (48.1) 7.38 (9.09) AIDS Yes 14 (51.9) 1.57 (3.41) c No 13 (48.1) 7.00 (8.93) Use of HAART Sim 5 (17.2) 3.40 (5.46) d Não 23 (82.8) 4.46 (7.19) a : Spearman s correlation coefficient; P>0.05 b : Spearman s correlation coefficient; P=0.032 c : Student s test; P=0.04 d : Student s test; P>0.05 TABLE 3 - Oral problems and ECOHIS score. With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV/AIDS has been reclassified from an acute, fatal disease to a chronic medical condition. As a result, traditional disease endpoints have shifted from solely prolonging survival to consideration of quality of life in conjunction with sustained health and routine clinical monitoring of health markers [De Boer et al., 1996]. 83
4 BUCZYNSKI A.K. ET AL. Question % (n) Mean Scores (SD) How do you consider your child s oral health compared to other children with same age? Much better 5 (16.1) 2.00 (3.46)a Better 6 (19.4) 4,.83 (9.43) Similar 10 (32.3) 1,.70 (2.41) Worse 9 (29.0) 7,.00 (8,.67) Much worse 1 (3.2) 9.00 (0) How do you consider your child s general health compared to other children with same age? Much better 4 (12.9) 2.50 (3.79)a Better 10 (32.3) 4.60 (7.76) Similar 9 (29.0) 3.33 (4.33) Worse 5 (16.1) 1.00 (2.24) Much worse 3 (9.7) (12.34) How much has your child s well-being been affected due to dental problems or dental treatments since he or she was born? Nothing 23 (74.2) 2.35 (3.61)b Little 6 (19.4) 7.67 (9.07) Moderate 1 (3.2) 2.00 (0) Much 1 (3,.2) (0) How much has your child s well-being been affected due to HIV infection since he or she was born? Nothing 18 (58.1) 2.28 (3.58)a Little 8 (25.8) 5.13 (8.74) Moderate 2 (6.5) (8.49) Much 3 (9.7) 3.33 (4.93) a : p>0.05 b : p=0.018 TABLE 4 - Caregiver s perception of their children and ECOHIS score (Spearman s correlation coefficient). Advances in medical care and treatment have changed the way those living with HIV and treatment providers view the disease, and its more acute versus long-term consequences. Therefore, assessment of health-related quality of life has become increasingly important when making treatment decisions and evaluating efficacy, especially for paediatric populations with HIV, whose ongoing adjustment to disease and treatment with increased longevity is now unknown [Garvie et al., 2009]. In order to measure the possible impacts of oral cavity problems on children s quality of life, the questionnaire ECOHIS was developed by Pahel et al. [2007], and they observed that oral disease and related treatment experience were found to measurably affect the oral health-related quality of life. In 2008, Tesch et al. made cultural adjustments in the questionnaire, which was found to have good psychometric properties, being considered a reliable and valid instrument for Brazilian children. In the results of our study the validation process indicated that Chronbach s alpha was 0.89 for the whole scale, and Li et al. [2008] found 0.82, which means that we had a satisfactory result. Although the concept of oral health-related quality of life emphasizes that the patient evaluation should be performed based on his/her perception [Low et al., 1999], the present study used information from caregivers because the children were too young to provide reliable and valid data. And considering parents central role in ensuring the well-being of young children, it is important to explore their perceptions about the oral health [Talekar et al., 2005a]. Some authors believe that 3-6-years-old children have difficulty in verbalising their emotions and feelings and suggest that the questionnaire should be completed by their caregivers in order to assess their children s quality of life [Low et al., 1999; McGrath et al., 2004; Pahel et al., 2007]. In this age group, the child has a close relationship with the caregivers. As a result they can provide useful information on the impact of the disease on the child s quality of life as well as on the family. Such a relationship is even more important for chronic patients, who often receive more attention because of their systemic condition. In the present work, however, it should be pointed out that the majority of the respondents were the mothers of the children, since they are used to accompanying them and providing oral hygiene, food, and medication. In spite of the fact that the study was carried out in a reference center for treatment of HIV-infected children, the sample consisted of 31 children only. This sample size should not be considered small as it is very difficult to select children presenting with specific systemic condition in this age group. Other studies involving older HIVinfected patients also had relatively small samples, such as Thöni et al. [2006] with 23 children. 84 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/2-2011
5 QUALITY OF LIFE IN HIV+ CHILDREN In studies with healthy children, Tesch et al. [2008] have noted that all the children had at least one impact, and Talekar et al. [2005b] have observed this in 76.8% of the sample. Our study observed 54.8% of children with this finding. During the interviews the caregivers appeared to be more concerned about the general health than the oral health as a result of the HIV infection, thus placing less importance on their quality of life. All the children had been maternally infected, and most of the mothers stated that they feel guilty, causing them to have a greater interest for their children. It was also observed that caregivers did not promote the oral health to improve and control the general health of their children. According to the caregivers, pain and masticatory difficulties were the highest impacts and had the highest individual mean score as well. Tesch et al. [2008] have found that irritation was one of the most cited impact. Only four caregivers cited irritation due to oral problems. Li et al. [2008] found that pain and irritation were the most cited impacts. And Pahel et al. (2007) found that pain and take time off from the family member work were the most cited items. Amongst the impacts, the majority of caregivers reported tooth pain and recurrent herpetic stomatitis. The prevalence of lesions caused by herpes in HIV-infected children is common. These recurrent, chronic, painful lesions affect the mucous membrane and are usually accompanied by fever and lymphadenopathy [Ramos- Gomez et al., 1999]. In the present work a few caregivers reported that their children s quality of life was affected by the presence of oral lesions. This may be the result of the drug therapy used in HIV-infected patients, which has been reducing the oral manifestations over the years as well as improving the quality of life. The prevalence of oral manifestations was not significant as most patients presented with lymphadenopathy (N=17) and a few ones (N=4) with parotid hypertrophy. It was observed that children presenting with lymphadenopathy had ECOHIS score higher than that from children without such a lesion. On the other hand, children with parotid hypertrophy had lower ECOHIS scores compared to children without this oral manifestation. The presence of parotid hypertrophy has been related to a slower progression of HIV infection [Ramos-Gomez et al., 1999]. White spot lesion and cavitated enamel lesion were not considered oral manifestations in the present study because the former can be reverted and both cause no impact on the child s and family s life [Tesch et al., 2008]. As no caregiver reported dental trauma as being the cause of tooth absence, missing teeth were thought to be the result of extraction due to early tooth decay. By considering cavity lesions, restoration, early tooth loss, and root residues, the mean number of decayed teeth was relatively high (3.55) compared to that (2.1) found by Tesch et al. [2008]. Although the results showed that oral condition of HIV-infected children was worse than that of healthy children, the ECOHIS mean score (4.13) was similar to that (4.0) found by Tesch et al. [2008]. Moreover, most of the caregivers considered the oral health of their children similar to that of others at the same age. It was also observed that patients who had previously EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/ received dental treatment showed ECOHIS scores lower than that of patients who had their teeth temporarily or definitely restored (P<0.05). Therefore, curative treatment such as tooth restoration of cavity lesions or extraction of very decayed teeth has not been effective in improving the quality of life. It is indispensable that dental treatment allies with oral health programmes so that caries disease can be prevented from occurring repeatedly. These patients usually present with new caries lesions despite already being treated, thus entering a repetitive restorative cycle. In the present study it was noted that patients with worsened systemic condition, which is characterised by clinical and immune classification as well as by AIDS presence, had a smaller impact on oral health as they had lower ECOHIS scores. This might be explained by the fact that caregivers pay more attention to their children due to the disease severity. Or, still, the symptoms of HIV-infection may be overcoming the problems caused by oral manifestations, thus corroborating the Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs, which states that individuals give priority to their physiological needs for survival [Maslow, 1943]. The caregivers were also asked about their children s oral and general perception. It was observed an adequate perception of oral health, but the same was not true regarding general health. Symptoms involving the oral cavity are more easily perceived and visualised by both patients and caregivers compared to systemic disease. HIV infection is a chronic disease and both child and family have to live together with it, thus making it more difficult to perceive the problems inherent to such a disease. Conclusion The present study has demonstrated that almost half of the HIV-infected children had their quality of life affected by oral manifestations, mainly due to carious lesions. Therefore, oral health programmes should be specifically established for this population. Acknowledgement This study is supported by CNPq. References Acs G, Ng MW. Early childhood caries and well being. Pediatr Dent 2002;24:288. America/Pommar, U. P. O. () Vida que te quero vida! sistematizando experiências apoiadas pelo POMMAR/USAID - partners na área de atenção a crianças que vivem e convivem com o HIV e a AIDS. Brasília: USAID; Castro GF, De Souza IP, E Oliveira RH, Portela MB, Esteves C. Prevalence of caries and its correlation with clinical and immunological classification in HIV-infected children. Pesqui Odontol Bras 2001;15, Chigurupati R, Raghavan SS, Studen-Pavlovich, DA. (Pediatric HIV infection and its oral manifestations: a review. Pediatr Dent 1996;18, De Boer JB, Sprangers MA, Aaronson NK, Lange JM, Van Dam FS. (A study of 85
6 BUCZYNSKI A.K. ET AL. the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the HIV overview of problems evaluation system (HOPES) in assessing the quality of life of patients with AIDS and symptomatic HIV infection. Qual Life Res 1996;5, Garvie Pa, Lawford J, Banet Ms, West Rl. Quality of life measurement in paediatric and adolescent populations with HIV: a review of the literature. Child Care Health Dev 2009; 35, Gift Hc, Reisine St, Larach DC. The social impact of dental problems and visits. Am J Public Health 1992; 82, Li S, Veronneau J, Allison PJ. Validation of a French language version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2008; 6, 9. Low W, Tan S, Schwartz S. The effect of severe caries on the quality of life in young children. Pediatr Dent 1999; 21, Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review 1943; 50, Mcgrath C, Broder H, Wilson-Genderson M. Assessing the impact of oral health on the life quality of children: implications for research and practice. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2004; 32, Pahel BT, Rozier RG, Slade GD. Parental perceptions of children's oral health: the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS). Health Qual Life Outcomes 2007; 5, 6. Ramos-Gomez FJ, Flaitz C, Catapano P, Murray P, Milnes AR, Dorenbaum A. Classification, diagnostic criteria, and treatment recommendations for orofacial manifestations in HIV-infected pediatric patients. Collaborative Workgroup on Oral Manifestations of Pediatric HIV Infection. J Clin Pediatr Dent 1999; 23, Ribeiro A, Portela M, Souza IP. Relation between biofilm, caries activity and gingivitis in HIV + children. Pesqui Odontol Bras 2002; 16, Souza I, Teles G, Castro G, Primo L, Vianna R, Peres M. Caries prevalence in children HIV infected [Portuguese]. Rev Bras Odontol 1996; 53, Talekar BS, Rozier RG, Slade GD, Ennett ST. Parental perceptions of their preschool-aged children's oral health. J Am Dent Assoc 2005a 136, ; quiz 381. Talekar BS, Rozier RG, Zeldin LP. Spanish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. General Session of International Association for Dental Research Baltimore. 2005b Avaiable in: Tesch FC, Oliveira BH, Leao A. Semantic equivalence of the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale. Cad Saude Publica 2008; 24, Thoni GJ, Lalande M, Bachelard G, Vidal P, Manificat S, Fedou C, Rodiere M, Nicolas J. Quality of life in HIV-infected children and adolescents under highly active antiretroviral therapy: change over time, effects of age and familial context. Arch Pediatr 2006; 13, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY VOL. 12/2-2011
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the scale of oral health outcomes for 5-year-old children (SOHO-5)
Abanto et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2013, 11:16 SHORT REPORT Open Access Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the scale of oral health outcomes
More informationObjectives. Describe how to utilize caries risk assessment for management of early childhood caries
Objectives Define Early Childhood Caries Describe how to utilize caries risk assessment for management of early childhood caries Explain how to implement early childhood caries management within a dental
More informationORAL HEALTH STATUS AND ORAL HYGIENE HABITS AMONG CHILDREN AGED YEARS IN YANGON, MYANMAR
ORAL HEALTH STATUS AND ORAL HYGIENE HABITS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 12-13 YEARS IN YANGON, MYANMAR Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo, Natkamol Chansatitporn and Kulaya Narksawat Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University,
More informationHEALTH SURVEILLANCE INDICATORS: YOUTH ORAL HEALTH. Public Health Relevance. Highlights
HEALTH SURVEILLANCE INDICATORS: YOUTH ORAL HEALTH Public Health Relevance Good dental and oral health contribute to physical, mental and social well-being. Tooth decay, especially untreated dental caries,
More informationORAL HEALTH OF GEORGIA S CHILDREN Results from the 2006 Georgia Head Start Oral Health Survey
ORAL HEALTH OF GEORGIA S CHILDREN Results from the 26 Georgia Head Start Oral Health Survey Introduction Oral health is an essential component of health throughout life. Poor oral health and untreated
More informationRisk Assessment. Full Summary. Description and Use:
Risk Assessment Full Summary Description and Use: Risk assessment is a strategy for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of prevention procedures and programs. Risk assessment protocols that are
More informationEarly Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale(ECOHIS) dmft (decayed, missing, filled teeth) ECOHIS P= ECOHIS.
Maryam.karimikia70@gmail.com Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale() (decayed, missing, filled teeth) P= t= P< t= P< OHRQoL Oral Eealth Related Quality of Life(OHRQoL) DI-S DMFT DI-S Early Childhood
More informationHealthy Smile Happy Child. Daniella DeMaré Healthy Smile Happy Child Project Coordinator (204)
Healthy Smile Happy Child Daniella DeMaré Healthy Smile Happy Child Project Coordinator ddemare@chrim.ca (204) 789-3500 What s on the Agenda? Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Risk Factors: what every health
More informationTOOTH DISCOLORATION. Multimedia Health Education. Disclaimer
Disclaimer This movie is an educational resource only and should not be used to manage dental health. All decisions about the management of tooth discoloration must be made in conjunction with your dentist
More informationOral health related quality of life in adult population attending the outpatient department of a hospital in Chennai, India
J. Int Oral Health 2010 Case Report All right reserved Oral health related quality of life in adult population attending the outpatient department of a hospital in Chennai, India Navin Anand Ingle* Preetha.E.Chaly**
More informationParental-caregiver perceptions of child oral health-related quality of life (P-CPQ): Psychometric properties for the peruvian spanish language
Journal section: Oral Medicine and Pathology Publication Types: Research doi:10.4317/medoral.19195 http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.4317/medoral.19195 Parental-caregiver perceptions of child oral health-related
More informationChild oral health: Habits in Australian homes
RCH NATIONAL Child Health POLL Child oral health: Habits in Australian homes Poll report Dr Anthea Rhodes, Director Poll 10, March 2018 Embargoed 00.01 AM March 7, 2018 Report highlights One in three (32%)
More informationOriginal Research. Fluoride varnish and dental caries prevention Mohammadi TM et al. Contributors: 1
Received: 10 th August 2014 Accepted: 03 rd November 2014 Conflict of Interest: None Source of Support: Nil Original Research Fluoride Varnish Effect on Preventing Dental Caries in a Sample of 3-6 Years
More informationFragile X syndrome Report from observation charts
Orofacial function of persons having Fragile X syndrome Report from observation charts The survey comprises 93 observation charts. Estimated occurrence: 1:5000 boys and 1:4000 girls have the genetic mutation
More informationEvaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Parents of Children with Cardiac Disease about Oral Health
Original Article Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Parents of Children with Cardiac Disease about Oral Health M. Fallahinejad Ghajari 1, S. Mojtahedzadeh 2, MJ. Kharazifard 3, B. Mahdavi
More informationOral Health & HIV. Professor Sudeshni Naidoo Department of Community Dentistry University of the Western Cape
Oral Health & HIV Professor Sudeshni Naidoo Department of Community Dentistry University of the Western Cape Importance & relevance of Oral HIV Lesions >70% of HIV+ve patients present with oral manifestations
More informationUvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Child dental fear and quality of life Klaassen, M.A. Link to publication
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Child dental fear and quality of life Klaassen, M.A. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Klaassen, M. A. (2010). Child dental fear and quality
More informationInfant and Toddler Oral Health
Infant and Toddler Oral Health Photo CD Decompressor are needed to use this picture Greater New York Dental Meeting December 1, 2002 Steven Chussid D.D.S. Timing of First Visit Guidelines of the American
More informationORAL HEALTH MECHANISM OF ACTION INFLUENTIAL FACTORS 5/8/2017
ORAL HEALTH Oral health is a state of being free from chronic mouth & facial pain, oral & throat cancer, oral sores, birth defects such as cleft lip & palate, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay & tooth
More informationDental Care and Health An Update. Dr. Ranjini Pillai, DDS, MPH, FAGD, FICOI
Dental Care and Health An Update Dr. Ranjini Pillai, DDS, MPH, FAGD, FICOI WHO s Definition of Health? Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of
More informationTranslation and validation of the Arabic version of. the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)
453 Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 50, No. 4, 453-459, 2008 Original Translation and validation of the Arabic version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) Shaher Daradkeh 1) and Yousef
More informationThe Burden of Dental disease in Children. England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Professor Jimmy Steele Newcastle University
The Burden of Dental disease in Children England, Wales and Northern Ireland Professor Jimmy Steele Newcastle University Why report burden Changes in disease prevalence In 1973 caries was so abundant that
More informationQuality of life instruments and their role in orthodontics
O r i g i n a l A r t i c l e Quality of life instruments and their role in orthodontics Daniela Feu*, Cátia Cardoso Abdo Quintão**, José Augusto Mendes Miguel*** Abstract Objective: The purpose of this
More informationDENTAL MATTERS. This has been produced by Bayer
DENTAL MATTERS This has been produced by Bayer WHY IS GOOD DENTAL CARE IMPORTANT FOR HAEMOPHILIA? Haemophilia doesn t directly affect the teeth. However, like everyone else it is important to brush and
More informationHealthy Smile Happy Child s New Lift the Lip Video
Healthy Smile Happy Child s New Lift the Lip Video Daniella DeMaré Project Coordinator Healthy Smile Happy Child Initiative Sandy Kostyniuk Program Consultant, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region The Public
More informationManagement of Inadequate Margins and Gingival Recession Presenting as Tooth Sensitivity
Management of Inadequate Margins and Gingival Recession Presenting as Tooth Sensitivity Nicolas Elian, DDS Private Practice Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey David Geon U Kim, DDS, MS Faculty and Research Coordinator
More informationSchool children knowledge REGARING Dental hygiene.
International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, Volume 2, Issue3, March-2013 1 School children knowledge REGARING Dental hygiene. Ms. Manveer Kaur* Guide: Ms. Lalita Kumari*, Professor
More informationBuilding a Community Dental Health Network 75% Cavity Free 5 Year Olds by 2020 UCSF DPH 175-February 28,2017
Building a Community Dental Health Network 75% Cavity Free 5 Year Olds by 2020 UCSF DPH 175-February 28,2017 Kim Caldewey, PA, MPH Dental Health Program Manger Dental Health: A Public Health Approach California
More informationStudy regarding the correlation between the Child-OIDP index and the dental status in 12-year-old children from Harsova, Constanta county
Study regarding the correlation between the Child-OIDP index and the dental status in 12-year-old children from Harsova, Constanta county Cristina Nucã, Corneliu Amariei, Elisabeth Martoncsak, Dan Dumitru
More informationBest Practices in Oral Health for Older Adults -How to Keep My Bite in My Life!
Best Practices in Oral Health for Older Adults -How to Keep My Bite in My Life! Mr. has most of his natural teeth. Mr. JB Age 78. In for rehab from stroke; will return home. Non-dominant hand/arm paralyzed.
More informationDental Discomfort Questionnaire as an Assessment Tool in Detecting Early Childhood Caries
as an Assessment Tool in Detecting Early Childhood Caries Muhammad Nasrun Akmal Rosli 1 *, Murshidah Abdul Ghani 1, Salwana Supaat 1, Azrul Fazwan Kharuddin 1, Yunita Dewi Ardini 1 1. Department of Pediatric
More informationDURATION OF THE STUDY: JUNE-OCTOBER 2008 COST OF STUDY; 9400KSH SOURCE OF FUNDS: SELF INVESTIGATOR: GIKUNDA MARY KATHURE
J ORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF HIV INFECTION/AIDS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON ORAL FUNCTIONS AND ORAL HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG ADULT PATIENTS IN KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL COMPREHENSIVE CARE CENTRE. INVESTIGATOR:
More informationINSTRUCTOR S GUIDE. Oral Health. First Edition, 2006
INSTRUCTOR S GUIDE Oral Health First Edition, 2006 California Childcare Health Program Administered by the University of California, San Francisco School of Nursing, Department of Family Health Care Nursing
More informationOrofacial function of persons having. Report from questionnaires. Turner syndrome
Orofacial function of persons having Turner syndrome Report from questionnaires The survey comprises questionnaires. Estimated occurrence: : girls born. Etiology: Girls with Turner syndrome are either
More informationReporting measures of plaque, self-perception of enamel opacities, self-reporting of symptoms and impact on quality of life.
NHS Dental Epidemiology Programme Survey of 12-year-old children, 2008/09. Supplementary Report Reporting measures of plaque, self-perception of enamel opacities, self-reporting of symptoms and impact
More informationNew Parents Oral Health Handbook
New Parents Oral Health Handbook Casper Children s Dental Clinic New Parents Did you know almost half of Wyoming s children will get at least one cavity by the time they reach kindergarten? Often times,
More informationDental Health for Individuals with Disabilities Lesson 2: Importance of Taking Care of Your Mouth
Welcome to Lesson 2: Importance of of the Dental Health for Individuals with Disabilities webcast series. Please adjust your computer volume so that it s at a comfortable listening level for you. 1 In
More informationLecture Content and learning outcomes
DIPLOMA IN PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY Subject Lecture Content and learning outcomes Craniofacial growth and development The process of pre-natal development The process of post-natal craniofacial growth The
More informationPERINATAL CARE AND ORAL HEALTH
PERINATAL CARE AND ORAL HEALTH Lakshmi Mallavarapu, DDS Terry Reilly Health Services Boise, Idaho CE objectives Recognize the necessity of Oral Care during Perinatal Period Examine and assess teeth and
More informationDo we need more than one Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children and adolescents?
Foster Page et al. BMC Oral Health 2013, 13:26 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Do we need more than one Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children and adolescents? Lyndie A Foster Page 1*, Dorothy Boyd
More informationThe Detroit Dental Health Project. On behalf of community organizations, investigators, and staff
The Detroit Dental Health Project On behalf of community organizations, investigators, and staff 1 Question Why do some African-American children (
More informationPREMATURE PRIMARY TOOTH LOSS
Disclaimer This movie is an educational resource only and should not be used to manage your dental health. All decisions about the management of premature primary tooth loss must be made in conjunction
More informationKnowledge and Attitude of Oral Heath Care of Children among General Practitioners in Mangaluru
Original article AODMR Knowledge and Attitude of Oral Heath Care of Children among General Practitioners in Sham S Bhat 1, Sundeep Hegde K. 2, Faseel Abdul Rahiman 3 1 Professor & Head, Department of Pedodontics
More informationBacterial Plaque and Its Relation to Dental Diseases. As a hygienist it is important to stress the importance of good oral hygiene and
Melissa Rudzinski Preventive Dentistry Shaunda Clark November 2013 Bacterial Plaque and Its Relation to Dental Diseases As a hygienist it is important to stress the importance of good oral hygiene and
More informationDr Farayi Shakespeare Moyana /6/2017 Do my KIDS need dental braces?
Do my KIDS need dental braces? By: Dr Farayi Moyana BDS; MPH (SMU, SA); B.Ed (Adult)(UZ); MBA(ZOU); PGdip (Orthodontics, Pret.); PGdip(Health Res ethics, Stellenbosch); PostGRAD cert (Dental Implants,
More informationThe survey comprises 26 observation charts.
Orofacial function of persons having Dravet syndrome Report from observation charts The survey comprises 26 observation charts. Synonyms: Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy, SMEI Estimated prevalence:
More informationOrofacial function of persons having
Orofacial function of persons having Report from questionnaires 24 questionnaires Synonym There are 186 (July 2013) different types of (ED), of which hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is the most
More informationNIH Public Access Author Manuscript Quintessence Int. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 August 6.
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Published in final edited form as: Quintessence Int. 2007 April ; 38(4): e213 e217. Microbial acid production (Clinpro Cario L-Pop) and dental caries in infants and
More informationPromoting Oral Health
Promoting Oral Health Hope Saltmarsh, RDH, M.Ed. Doug Johnson, DMD October 2009 11/3/2009 12:14:04 PM 5864_ER_RED 1 Learning Objectives Identify Bright Futures recommendations for oral health. Describe
More informationCaries Prevention and Management: A Medical Approach. Peter Milgrom, DDS
Caries Prevention and Management: A Medical Approach Peter Milgrom, DDS Minimally Invasive Treatments Infection control Tissue preservation Hand instruments Adhesive materials such as GI Allow for pulpal
More informationSilver Diamine Fluoride and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life
Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2017 Silver Diamine Fluoride and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Nazafarin Javdan Virginia Commonwealth
More informationDental Policy. Subject: Prophylaxis Guideline #: Publish Date: 03/15/2018 Status: Revised Last Review Date: 02/06/2018
Dental Policy Subject: Prophylaxis Guideline #: 01-101 Publish Date: 03/15/2018 Status: Revised Last Review Date: 02/06/2018 Description This document addresses the procedure of dental prophylaxis for
More informationBreakthrough Strategies for Preventing Early Childhood Caries
Breakthrough Strategies for Preventing Early Childhood Caries Norman Tinanoff, DDS, MS Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Univ. of Maryland, School of Dentistry Innovations in the Prevention and Management
More informationARE YOU MOUTHWISE? AN ORAL HEALTH OVERVIEW FOR PRIMARY CARE
ARE YOU MOUTHWISE? AN ORAL HEALTH OVERVIEW FOR PRIMARY CARE Funding providing by: Developed by: Terry L. Buckenheimer, DMD Karen Pesce Buckenheimer, R.N., BSN Executive Director, MORE HEALTH, Inc. Why
More informationPENNSYLVANIA ORAL HEALTH COLLECTIVE IMPACT INITIATIVE
PENNSYLVANIA ORAL HEALTH COLLECTIVE IMPACT INITIATIVE PA Chapter American Academy of Pediatrics An Initiative supported by the Pennsylvania Head Start Association Your Hosts Lisa Schildhorn, MS Executive
More informationValidity and reliability of short forms of parental-caregiver perception and family impact scale in a Telugu speaking population of India
Kumar et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2016) 14:34 DOI 10.1186/s12955-016-0433-7 RESEARCH Open Access Validity and reliability of short forms of parental-caregiver perception and family impact
More informationEssentials of Oral Health
Essentials of Oral Health Oral Development Developing teeth from the prenatal period through adolescence benefit from fluoride and good nutrition and are susceptible to the damaging effects of injuries,
More informationRebecca King, DDS, MPH NC State Dental Director Section Chief, Oral Health Section
Rebecca King, DDS, MPH NC State Dental Director Section Chief, Oral Health Section Rebecca.King@dhhs.nc.gov 1 Most common chronic disease of childhood Almost entirely preventable 30% of all health care
More information30/01/2012. Aim. Learning Objectives. Learning Objectives. We know that. Learning Objectives. Diagnosing. Treatment planning.
Aim Advanced Partial Dentures A contradiction or a true advance? Looking to the Partial denture option Learning Objectives Diagnosing Treatment planning Learning Objectives Expectations have greatly overtaken
More informationParental Attitudes and Tooth Brushing Habits in Preschool Children in Mangalore, Karnataka: A Cross-sectional Study
10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1210 Fawaz Pullishery et al RESEARCH ARTICLE Parental Attitudes and Tooth Brushing Habits in Preschool Children in Mangalore, Karnataka: A Cross-sectional Study Fawaz Pullishery,
More informationSpinal muscular atrophy Report from observation charts
Orofacial function of persons having Spinal muscular atrophy Report from observation charts The survey comprises 49 observation charts. Synonyms: SMA I (Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, SMA II, SMA III (Kugelberg-Welander
More informationEarly Childhood Oral Health for MCH Professionals. Julia Richman, DDS, MSD, MPH
Early Childhood Oral Health for MCH Professionals Julia Richman, DDS, MSD, MPH Who are we? A. Medical care providers (ie MD, RN) B. Dental care providers C. Social services providers D. Other public health
More informationCultural Perspectives of Early Childhood Caries
Cultural Perspectives of Early Childhood Caries Robert J Schroth, L Harms, J Edwards, ME Moffatt & members of the Manitoba Collaborative Project for the Prevention of Early Childhood Tooth Decay umschrot@cc.umanitoba.ca
More informationswed dent j 2010; 34: hasselkvist, johansson, johansson
swed dent j 2010; 34: 187-195 hasselkvist, johansson, johansson swedish dental journal vol. 34 issue 4 2010 187 swed dent j 2010; 34: 187-195 hasselkvist, johansson, johansson 188 swedish dental journal
More informationHealthPartners Care Coordination Clinical Care Planning and Resource Guide EATING DISORDER
The following evidence based guideline was used in developing this clinical care guide: National Institute of Health (NIH National Institute of Mental Health) and the National Eating Disorders Association
More informationPhase 38 Data Directory SECTION 13 DENTAL HEALTH. Clinical and Oral Examination Socio-dental Questionnaire Examiner Administered Questionnaire
Phase 38 Data Directory SECTION 13 DENTAL HEALTH Clinical and Oral Examination Socio-dental Questionnaire Examiner Administered Questionnaire DMHDS Phase 38 Examiner-administered questionnaire ID No. 1.
More informationDEPOSITS. Dentalelle Tutoring 1
DEPOSITS Dentalelle Tutoring WWW.DENTALELLE.COM 1 PH SCALE WWW.DENTALELLE.COM 2 DENTAL CARIES Dental caries is a dynamic process that involves a susceptible tooth, cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque
More informationPrevalence of Dental Caries and Designing the Interventional Strategies for School Children in Rural Konkan Region
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Prevalence of Dental Caries and Designing the Interventional Strategies for School Children in Rural Konkan Region Asawari Modak 1 and Maruti Desai 2 Department of Dentistry,
More informationPREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TOOTH DISCOLORATION AMONG UAE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
GMJ GULF MEDICAL JOURNAL ORAL PROCEEDINGS PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH TOOTH Omar Barakat 1 *, Ardeshir Amirhosseini 1, Mohammad Ahmad 1, Sara Al-Fallahi 1, Talal Atassi 1, Walid El-Sayed 2 1Final
More informationSODA AND FRUIT JUICE CAN DISSOLVE YOUR TEETH AND CAUSE TOOTH DECAY
Dear Michael, Welcome to our SUMMER email newsletter! If you have not yet checked out our office website lately, I encourage you to visit by clicking here. We are working hard to keep it up to date with
More informationClinical UM Guideline
Clinical UM Guideline Subject: Clinical Policy on Dental Prophylaxis Guideline #: 01-101 Current Effective Date: 03/24/2017 Status: New Last Review Date: 02/08/2017 Description This document addresses
More informationOral Health Matters The forgotten part of overall health
Oral Health Matters The forgotten part of overall health In 2000, the Surgeon General issued a report Oral Health in America. In the Report, the Surgeon General focused on why oral health is important.
More informationThe Dental Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical Practitioners and Caregivers of Pre-school Children in Macau
HK J Paediatr (new series) 2006;11:133-139 The Dental Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical Practitioners and Caregivers of Pre-school Children in Macau IIM WU, NM KING, JSJ TSAI, HM WONG Abstract Key words
More informationEpidermolysis bullosa Report from observation charts
Orofacial function of persons having Epidermolysis bullosa Report from observation charts The survey comprises 20 observation charts. Estimated occurrence: 50:000 000 inhabitants. Etiology: There are both
More informationThis is a repository copy of Evaluation of a quality of life measure for children with malocclusion.
This is a repository copy of Evaluation of a quality of life measure for children with malocclusion. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/3585/ Version: Accepted
More informationIn-Theatre Information Guide to Common Oral Conditions
In-Theatre Information Guide to Common Oral Conditions Print this guide out in colour and laminate for daily use in surgery Mr Alex J Smithson Veterinary Dental, Oral & Maxillofacial Referrals 07887 650812
More information19/03/2018. Objectives
Target group 10 to 14 years old Aims This presentation has been designed to provide those viewing it with information on how to maintain a good Oral Health Objectives At the end, the viewer will be able
More informationRelationship between gingival health and dental caries in children aged 7-12 years
151 Journal of Oral Science, Vol. 42, No. 3, 151-155, 2000 Relationship between gingival health and dental caries in children aged 7-12 years Mitsugi Okada, Satsuki Kuwahara, Yasutaka Kaihara, Hiroyuki
More informationSpring Pediatric Medical Guidelines. 2003: American Academy of Pediatrics
Early Childhood Oral Health: Improving Collaborative Care in Clinical Practice Rocio Quiñonez Q ez, DMD, MS, MPH UNC Schools s of Dentistry and a Medicine Vegas, 2017 Objectives Trends in early childhood
More informationChanges in oral health-related quality of life among children following dental treatment under general anaesthesia. A systematic review
Stomatologija, Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal, 12: 60-64, 2010 Changes in oral health-related quality of life among children following dental treatment under general anaesthesia. A systematic
More informationWilliams syndrome Report from observation charts
Orofacial function of persons having Williams syndrome Report from observation charts The survey comprises 88 observation charts. Synonyms: William-Beuren syndrome. Estimated occurrence: 5-10:100 000 live
More informationDeveloping Dental Leadership. Fluoride varnish: How it works and how to apply it
Fluoride varnish: How it works and how to apply it Fluoride Varnish It is the responsibility of the prescriber to ensure that a medicament is suitable for use A product licence indicates that the product
More informationDental Appearance- A Survey of Attitudes in Rural and Urban Children
Journal of Oral Health & Community Dentistry original article Dental Appearance- A Survey of Attitudes in Rural and Urban Children Lakshmi PK 1 Abstract Objective:. The aim of this study was to determine
More informationPrevalence of Dental Caries among School Children in Hyderabad Pakistan
International Journal of Applied Science-Research and Review www.ijas.org.uk Original Article Prevalence of Dental Caries among School Children in Hyderabad Najma Sahito* 1, Muhammad Ali Sahito 2 and Kashif
More information22q11 deletion syndrome Report from observation charts
Orofacial function of persons having 22q11 deletion syndrome Report from observation charts The survey comprises 147 observation charts. Synonyms: CATCH 22, Di George syndrome, Velocardiofacial syndrome
More informationImpact of Malocclusion on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Brazilian Preschool Children: a Population-Based Study
Brazilian Dental Journal (2013) 24(6): 655-661 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302360 Impact of Malocclusion on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Brazilian Preschool Children: a Population-Based
More informationA new effective preventive service for your adult patients at high risk of caries
A new effective preventive service for your adult patients at high risk of caries ANTIBACTERIAL TOOTH COATING chlorhexidine diacetate Prevora 100 mg / ml Dental Solution What is PREVORA? PREVORA is the
More informationMassachusetts Head Start Oral Health Initiative and 2004 Head Start Oral Health Survey
Massachusetts Head Start Oral Health Initiative and 2004 Head Start Oral Health Survey Preface Oral health is an integral component to overall health and well being, Surgeon General David Satcher in the
More informationCAries Management By Risk Assessment"(CAMBRA) - a must in preventive dentistry
CAries Management By Risk Assessment"(CAMBRA) - a must in preventive dentistry Nanda Kishor KM* *MDS, Reader, Department of Conservative and Endodontics Pacific Dental College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
More informationEarly Childhood Caries (ECC) KEVIN ZIMMERMAN DMD
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) KEVIN ZIMMERMAN DMD What Is Early Childhood Caries? Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a transmissible infectious process that affects children younger than age 6 and results
More informationEVERYONE I M P L A N T C O M P A N Y
A SMILE FOR EVERYONE I M P L A N T C O M P A N Y WHAT IS AN IMPLANT? A dental implant is an effective alternative to the root of a tooth. It consists of a titanium screw only a few millimetres in size.
More informationFeature Articles. Sponsored by:
Feature Articles 2018 Sponsored by: Oral healthcare for seniors Today s seniors can expect to keep most, if not all, of their teeth as they age thanks to healthier lifestyles and advances in oral and medical
More informationWithin the United States, pediatric and adolescent. Dental caries in HIV-infected children: a longitudinal study. Scientific Article
Scientific Article Dental caries in HIV-infected children: a longitudinal study M. John Hicks DDS, MS, PhD, MD Catherine M. Flaitz DDS, MS A. Bruce Carter DDS Stanley G. Cron MSPH Susan N. Rossmann MD,
More informationThis is a repository copy of Treatment of dental caries under general anaesthetic in children.
This is a repository copy of Treatment of dental caries under general anaesthetic in children. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/119288/ Version: Accepted Version
More informationHealthy Smiles for Young Children
Healthy Smiles for Young Children Basic Oral Health Care During Pregnancy During Pregnancy: Have a dental checkup. Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste. Floss daily. Limit sweets and avoid
More informationDental Health. This document includes 12 tips that can be used as part of a monthly year-long dental health campaign or as individual messages.
Dental Health This document includes 12 tips that can be used as part of a monthly year-long dental health campaign or as individual messages. What is gingivitis? Gingivitis is the beginning stage of gum
More informationOral health status of 5 years and 12 years school going children in Chennai city - An epidemiological study
in Chennai city - An epidemiological study MAHESH KUMAR P. a, JOSEPH T. b, VARMA R. B. c, JAYANTHI M. d ISSN 0970-4388 Abstract India, a developing country, faces many challenges in rendering oral health
More informationHealing and Sealing Dental Caries: The Paradigm Has Shifted
Healing and Sealing Dental Caries: The Paradigm Has Shifted Edmond R. Hewlett, D.D.S. This Afternoon s Topics Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) Remineralization with CPP/ACP Restoring carious
More informationDental health status of Hong Kong preschool children. Citation Hong Kong Dental Journal, 2009, v. 6 n. 1, p. 6-12
Title Dental health status of Hong Kong preschool children Author(s) Lo, ECM; Loo, EKY; Lee, CK Citation Hong Kong Dental Journal, 2009, v. 6 n. 1, p. 6-12 Issued Date 2009 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10722/58042
More informationAppendix. CPT only copyright 2007 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. NTHSteps Dental Guidelines
Appendix NTHSteps Dental Guidelines N N.1 American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Periodicity Guidelines.................. N-2 N.2 American Dental Association Guidelines for Prescribing Dental Radiographs.........
More information