Temporal region. temporal & infratemporal fossae. Zhou Hong Ying Dept. of Anatomy

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1 Temporal region temporal & infratemporal fossae Zhou Hong Ying Dept. of Anatomy

2 Temporal region is divided by zygomatic arch into temporal & infratemporal fossae.

3 Temporal Fossa

4 Infratemporal fossa

5 Temporal Fossa & its contents Sup. & post.:temporal line Ant.:frontal & zygomatic bone Floor:pterion

6 Temporal fascia temporalis

7

8 Borders of the infratemporal fossa

9 Contents of Infratemporal Fossa muscles: Medial and lateral pterygoid arteries: maxillary a. and branches veins: pterygoid plexus, maxillary v. nerves: Mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, and chorda tympani nerves and the otic ganglion

10 Medial and lateral pterygoid

11

12

13 Arteries: Upper Part of External Carotid 1. Posterior auricular artery 2. Superficial temporal artery

14 Maxillary a. & branches

15 Branches of Maxillary artery: supply upper & lower jaws, muscles of mastication, nose, palate & meaninges

16 Middle meningeal artery :divides into an anterior & a posterior branch Relationship:pterion, motor area of cerebral cortex

17

18 Pterygoid venous plexus Location: 2 parts--partly between the the temporalis and lateral pterygoid and partly between the two pterygoids connections:facial v. cavernous sinus drains into retromandibular vein via maxillary vein

19 Nerves: mandibular n. 1. entering infratemporal fossa through foramen ovale 2. supply muscles of mastication 3. tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, & anterior belly of digastric.

20 1) Lingual n. innervates general sensations of ant. 2/3 of tongue. 2) Inferior alveolar n. enters mandibular canal around center of ramus & supplies mandible, lower teeth. mylohyoid & mental n. 3) Buccal n. supplies skin & mucosa of cheek, & buccal gingivae of posterior lower teeth. 4) Auriculotemporal n. has 2 root looping middle meningeal a.

21 Branches of mandibular n.

22 Nerves: mandibular nerve & its branches

23 Otic ganglion

24 Chorda tympani and lesser petrosal n.

25 Pterygopalatine Fossa It is the deepest fossa of face just lateral to nasal cavity. Anterior, maxilla Posterior, pterygoid process Medial, vertical plate of palatine bone Lateral, pterygomaxillary fissure Superior, greater wing Inferior, pyramidal process of palatine bone

26

27 Contents 1. Terminal branches of maxillary artery descending palatine artery divides into greater & lesser palatine arteries to supply hard & soft palate respectively. 2. Maxillary nerve enters this fossa through foramen rotundum & runs anteriorly into inferior orbital fissure. Here it is called inferior orbital nerve. V 2 gives: 2 pterygopalatine n. Zygomatic n. superior alveolar n.

28 contents 3. Pterygopalatine ganglion: it receives preganglionic fibers from facial nerve. postganglionic fibers to innervate: lacrimal gland via zygomatic & lacrimal n. small salivary glands in palate via greater & lesser palatine nerve.

29 The pterygopalatine (third) part of the maxillary a.

30 The maxillary nerve

31 The greater petrosal nerve The deep petrosal nerve

32 pterygopalatine ganglion

33 fibers to lacrimal gland via zygomatic & lacrimal n., & small salivary glands in palate via greater & lesser palatine nerve.

34

35 Infraorbital nerve Middle superior alveolar n. Anterior superior alveolar n.

36 Communications Laterally, through pterygomaxillary fissure to infratemporal fossa Medially, through sphenopalatine foramen to nasal cavity Anterosuperiorly, through inferior orbital fissure to orbit Postinferiorly, through pterygoid & pharyngeal canals to upper part of neck Posterosuperiorly, through foramen rotundum and pterygoid canal to middle cranial fossa Inferiorly, through greater & lesser palatine foramina to oral cavity

37 Communications

38

39 Temporomandibular Joint Articular surface Mandibular fossa & articular tubercle on inferior surface of temporal bone Condyle of mandible

40 Articular capsule Capsule is loose, attaches around the fossa and articular tubercle superiorly. It attaches around neck of mandible inferiorly.

41 Articular capsule & ligaments Stylomandibular lig. Sphenomandibular lig.

42 Articular disc & cavity

43

44 Movements Because 2 condyles are connected by body of mandible, so TMJ of 2 sides act as a whole. Depression (open mouth) Elevation (occlusion, close mouth) Protrusion (protraction) Retrusion (retraction) Lateral movement dislocation

45 Dissection

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