Learning Area 3 The Impact of Stroke on Swallowing. Stroke Helpline stroke.org.uk

Transcription

1 Learning Area 3 The Impact of Stroke on Swallowing

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3 The hidden aspect of stroke

4 Hidden: Concealed, obscured, covert Something that can not be seen Not often associated with stroke Can be hidden from: Professionals Family and friends General public The stroke survivor

5 What causes stroke? Ischaemic stroke: 85% Haemorrhagic stroke: 15%

6 The brain Frontal Lobe Planning actions Learning New tasks Motivation Behaviour regulation Parietal Lobe Taste, temperature, pain Understanding language Auditory & visual memory Calculations Reading & writing Spatial awareness Occipital Lobe Visual Perception Colour recognition Temporal Lobe Memory functions Word based memory (dominant) Visual Memory (non-domination) Cerebellum Coordination Balance Equilibrium Muscle tone Brain Stem Breathing Blood Pressure Digestion Heart Rate Other Autonomic Functions

7 Difficulty Upper limb/arm weakness[1] 77% Lower limb/leg weakness[1] 72% % of people affected Stroke causes a greater range of disabilities than any other condition Every stroke is different The impact of stroke is different for everyone Visual problems[7] 60% Facial weakness[2] 54% Slurred speech[2] 50% Bladder control[3] 50% Swallowing[1] 45% Aphasia[2] 41% Sensory loss[2] 33% Depression[4] 33% Bowel control[3] 33% Inattention/neglect[2] 28% Emotionalism within six-months[5] 20% Reduced consciousness[2] 19% Emotionalism post-six months[5] 10% Identified dementia one-year post stroke[6] 7%

8 Visual problems Central vision loss Impaired depth perception Visual field loss May be caused by: An ischaemic stroke Nystagmus A haemorrhagic stroke A retinal stroke - due to a blockage of one of the blood vessels Inability to move to the eye both eyes up, down or sideways Visual processing problems Eye movement problems Double vision or blurred vision

9 Someone with Aphasia may have difficulty Writing Understanding Speaking Reading Concentrating Using numbers

10 Repeat Keep it simple Stay positive Use communication aids

11 What is cognition? Memory and planning Perception Social cognition Attention (concentration) Executive functioning (decisionmaking) Language

12 What can help Give information in bite size chunks and in several formats Limit background noise Write down key points Ask to repeat in own words Ask the stroke survivor what helps Give them time and go at their pace Encourage and double check understanding

13 Feeling Overwhelmed A survey conducted by the Stroke Association in 2013 discovered: 73% of stroke survivors lack confidence 63% live in fear of another stroke 44% find it difficult to talk about their stroke and its effect on their lives 56% feel friends and family treat me differently 55% are unable to care for family the same way as before 44% had broken up or considered doing so, with their partner

14 Fatigue and Depression Fatigue is a very common side-effect after a stroke 1 in 4 (24%) experience extreme fatigue post-stroke[1] An additional 1 in 3 (33%) experience moderate fatigue post-stroke[1] The affects of stroke related fatigue can continue years after the stroke[2] A third (33%) of stroke survivors experience Post Stroke Depression[3] Approximately 20% experience emotionalism in the first 6 months[4] This decreases to 10% in 12 months[4]

15 Stroke Helpline Website: Information, talkstroke, Facebook and Twitter Fact sheets You re not alone Life after stroke services Stroke Training

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19 Learning Area 3 The Impact of Stroke on Swallowing