Diabetes & Pregnancy: Management Guide

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1 1. Ahlsson F, Lundgren M, Tuvemo T, et al. Gestational diabetes and offspring body disproportion. Acta Paediatr. 2010;99: American Academy of Pediatrics Work Group on Breastfeeding; Gartner LM, Black LS, Eaton AP, et al. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 1997;100: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee on Clinical Practice. Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Committee Opinion Number 504. September Available at: stetric_practice/screening_and_diagnosis_of_gestational_diabetes_mellitus. Accessed May 10, American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes Diabetes Care. 2010;33(Suppl 1):S11 S American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes Diabetes Care. 2012;35(Suppl 1):S11 S Apidra (insulin glulisine [rdna origin] injection) solution for injection. Prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ: sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC; February Bell R, Glinianaia SV, Tennant PW, et al. Peri-conception hyperglycaemia and nephropathy are associated with risk of congenital anomaly in women with pre-existing diabetes: a population-based cohort study. Diabetologia. 2012;55: Bellamy L, Casas JP, Hingorani AD, et al. Type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2009;373, Boinpally T, Jovanovič L. Management of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes in pregnancy. Mt Sinai J Med. 2009;76: Buchanan TA, Xiang AH. What causes gestational diabetes? In: Kim C, Ferrara A, eds. Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited; 2010: Catalano PM, Block JM. Physical activity/exercise and management of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes mellitus. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Clausen TD, Mathiesen ER, Hansen T, et al. High prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in adult offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus or type 1 diabetes: the role of intrauterine hyperglycemia. Diabetes Care. 2008;31: Conway DL, Catalano PM. Management of delivery. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008;

2 14. Conway DL, Catalano PM. Prenatal and antepartum fetal assessment. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Cypress M, Gleeson J. Diagnosis and classification. In: Childs BP, Cypress M, Spollett G., eds. Complete Nurse s Guide to Diabetes Care. 2nd ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Diabetes and Pregnancy Group, France. French multicentric survey of outcome of pregnancy in women with pregestational diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2003;26: Di Cianni G, Ghio A, Resi V, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus: an opportunity to prevent type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in young women. Womens Health (Lond Engl). 2010;6: Drugs.com. Diuretics, thiazide (systematic). Available at: Accessed May 14, Engelau MM, Herman WH, Smith PJ, et al. The epidemiology of diabetes and pregnancy in the U.S., Diabetes Care. 1995;18: Fraser R. Rationale for treatment of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Chichester, UK: Wiley- Blackwell; 2010: Gartner LM, Black LS, Eaton AP, et al; Work Group on Breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 1997;100: Girling J, Dixit A. Fetal surveillance in diabetes in pregnancy. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Chichester, UK: Wiley- Blackwell; 2010: Hawdon JM. Care of the neonate. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010: Hoffman LD, Kitzmiller JL. Postpartum mood disturbances. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Humalog (insulin lispro injection, USP [rdna origin] 100 units per ml [U-100]). Prescribing information. Indianapolis, Ind: Eli Lilly and Company; May Humulin N (NPH human insulin [rdna origin] isophane suspension 100 units per ml [U- 100]). Information for the patient. Indianapolis, Ind: Eli Lilly and Company; September Humulin R (regular insulin human injection, USP [rdna origin] 100 units per ml [U-100]). Patient information. Indianapolis, Ind: Eli Lilly and Company; March International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel. International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups recommendations on

3 the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy. Diabetes Care. 2010;33: Inturrisi M, Kitzmiller JL. Postpartum management of women with preexisting diabetes mellitus. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Inturrisi M, Thomas A, Block J, et al. Breast-feeding and diabetes. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Jovanovič L, ed. Diagnostic testing and fetal surveillance. In: Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. 4th ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Jovanovič L, ed. Gestational diabetes. In: Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. 4th ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Jovanovič L, ed. Neonatal care of infants of diabetic mothers. In: Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. 4th ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Jovanovič L, ed. Prepregnancy counseling and management of women with preexisting diabetes or previous gestational diabetes. In: Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. 4th ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Jovanovič L, ed. Postpartum follow-up of women with gestational diabetes. In: Medical Management of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes. 4th ed. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2009: Khandelwal M. GDM: postpartum management to reduce long-term risks. Curr Diabetes Rep. 2008;8: Kim C, Berger DK, Chamany S. Recurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetes Care. 2007;30: Kitzmiller JL, Block JM. Glycemic control and perinatal outcome. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Kitzmiller JL, Block JM, Brown FM, et al. Managing preexisting diabetes for pregnancy: summary of evidence and consensus recommendations for care. Diabetes Care. 2008;31: Knopp RH, Paramsothy P. Management of hyper/dyslipidemias. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews

4 and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008: Langer O. Pharmacological treatment options for gestational diabetes. In: Kim C, Ferrara A, eds. Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy. London: Springer-Verlag London Limited; 2010; Langer O, Conway DL, Berkus MD, et al. A comparison of glyburide and insulin in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 2000;343: Lantus (insulin glargine [rdna origin] injection) solution for subcutaneous injection. Prescribing information. Bridgewater, NJ: sanofi-aventis U.S. LLC; April Lawrence JM, Contreras R, Chen W, et al. Trends in the prevalence of preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus among a racially/ethnically diverse population of pregnant women, Diabetes Care. 2008;31: Levemir (insulin detemir [rdna origin] injection) solution for subcutaneous injection. Prescribing information. Princeton, NJ: Novo Nordisk Inc.; March Lobner K, Knopff A, Baumgarten A, et al. Predictors of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2006;55: Mathiesen ER, Nielsen LR, Damm P. Hypertension in diabetes and pregnancy. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Oxford: Wiley- Blackwell; 2010: Metzger BE, Buchanan TA, Coustan DR, et al. Summary and recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(Suppl 2):S251 S Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Dyer AR, et al; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358: Moore LE, Clokey D, Rappaport VJ, et al. Metformin compared with glyburide in gestational diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115: Novolin N (NPH, human insulin isophane suspension injection [recombinant DNA origin]). Patient information. Princeton, NJ: Novo Nordisk Inc.; May Novolin R (regular, human insulin injection [recombinant DNA origin] USP) solution for subcutaneous injection. Patient information. Princeton, NJ: Novo Nordisk Inc.; February NovoLog (insulin aspart [rdna origin] injection). Prescribing information. Princeton, NJ: Novo Nordisk Inc.; June Ogata ES. Infants and children of diabetic mothers. In: Kitzmiller JL, Jovanovic L, Brown F, et al, eds. Managing Preexisting Diabetes and Pregnancy: Technical Reviews and Consensus Recommendations for Care. Alexandria, Va: American Diabetes Association; 2008:

5 55. Pettitt DJ. Long-term implications for the baby of the hyperglycemic mother. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010: Ratner RE. Prevention of type 2 diabetes in women with previous gestational diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(Suppl 2):S242 S Reader DM, Thomas A. Pregnancy with diabetes. In: Mensing C, McLaughlin S, Halstenson C, eds. The Art and Science of Diabetes Self-Management Education Desk Reference. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: American Association of Diabetes Educators; 2011: Rosenn BM. The glyburide report card. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2010;23: Rowan JA, Hague WM, Gao W, et al; MiG Trial Investigators. Metformin versus insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358: Sacks DA, Hadden DR, Maresh M, et al; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. Frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus at collaborating centers based on IADPSG Consensus Panel-recommended criteria: the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study. Diabetes Care. 2012;35: Schaefer-Graf UM, Hartmann R, Pawliczak J, et al. Association of breast-feeding and early childhood overweight in children from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2006;29: Shane-McWhorter L. Biologically-based practices: a focus on dietary supplements for diabetes. In: Mensing C, McLaughlin S, Halstenson C, eds. The Art and Science of Diabetes Self-Management Education Desk Reference. 2nd ed. Chicago, IL: American Association of Diabetes Educators; 2011: Sibai B, Habli M. Blood pressure in GDM. In: Kim C, Ferrara A, eds. Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy. London: Springer; 2010: Silva JC, Pacheco C, Bizato J, et al. Metformin compared with glyburide for the management of gestational diabetes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;111: Simmons D. Epidemiologic context of diabetes in pregnancy. In: McCance DR, Maresh M, Sacks DA, eds. A Practical Manual of Diabetes in Pregnancy. Chichester, UK: Wiley- Blackwell; 2010: Thomas-Geevarghese A, Ratner RE. Gestational diabetes. In: Goldstein BJ, Müller-Wieland D, eds. Type 2 Diabetes Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. New York: Informa Healthcare; 2008: U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Code of Federal Regulations Sec Labeling requirements for prescription drugs and/or insulin. Revised April 1, Available at: ource=fdasearch&utm_medium=website&utm_term=pregnancy category&utm_content=14. Accessed April 5, Welchol (colesevelam hydrochloride). Prescribing information. Parsippany, NJ: Daiichi Sankyo, Inc.; January 2012.

6 69. Zhang C. Risk factors for gestational diabetes: from an epidemiological standpoint. In: Kim C, Ferrara A, eds. Gestational Diabetes During and After Pregnancy. London: Springer- Verlag London Limited; 2010;71 81.

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