Glucose Determination by Automatic

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Glucose Determination by Automatic"

Transcription

1 Glucose Determination by Automatic Chemical Analysis Harold J. Grady and Martha A. Lamar 1HE GENERAL CONSTRUCTION and operation of an automatic chemical analyzer essentially identical with the one used in this study* has been described (1). Glucose is conveniently measured with this analyzer using the principle of the Hoffman method (2, 3). When using this method for the determination of blood glucose by automatic analysis, a change with time of the transmittance reading of a given standard is noted. This change is of sufficient magnitude that 3 or more standard curves are required over a period of 2 hours to avoid significant error in determining unknown concentrations. The variation in standard curves is caused, for the most part, by variations in dialyzer temperature. The use of a water bath for temperature control of the dialyzer greatly reduces this change. A water bath similar to the one constructed at this institution but with better temperature regulation is now available as standard equipment on the Technicon AutoAnalyzer and has been used for some of the experiments reported in this paper. Additional data are presented concerning the accuracy and precision of the automatic analyzer compared to a standard manual method for the determination of true blood glucose. EXPERIMENTAL The Hoffman method for glucose measurement uses the quantitative reduction of alkaline ferricyanide (yellow) to ferrocyanide (colorless) by glucose. The photometer measures the disappearance Prom the Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Ka Received for publication Nov. 17, Autoanalyzer, Model 1, Technicon Instruments Corp., Chauneey, N. Y. 542

2 Vol. 5, No. 6, 1959 GLUCOSE DETERMINATION 543 of the yellow color and an inverse concentration-transmittance curve is obtained which is linear on a semilogarithmic plot to about 500 mg. per 100 ml. if the reaction is carried out in the absence of cyanide. However, cyanide is added routinely, which increases the sensitivity and results in good precision for determination of concentrations of glucose in the normal and low normal range, although this causes some nonlinearity and lowered range. When dialyzer temperatures of 38#{176} are employed the increase in the quantity of glucose dialyzed allows the use of a smaller blood sample. For most of these studies the composition of the reagents and their rates of flow through the instrument as indicated by the manufacturer are listed in Table 1. Except where indicated, 40 samples were analyzed per hour which required a total of 0.80 ml. of blood or standard solution of glucose per sample. The usual sample consisted of oxalated whole blood to which was added about 1 mg. per ml. of sodium fluoride. Standards were prepared from reagent grade glucose made up in a saturated solution of benzoic acid to concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg. per 100 ml. For the experiments on the temperature effect on the rate of glucose dialysis a modification of the above conditions was used. For a standard curve the above standards were diluted fivefold, sampled at a rate of 0.8 ml. per minute, segmented by air pumped at a rate of 0.8 ml. per minute, and diluted with water pumped at 1.6 ml. per minute. This mixture was injected directly into the ferricyanide line which was pumped at 2.5 ml. per minute, and to this ferricyanide and sample mixture was added the potassium cyanide reagent pumped at 2.0 ml. per minute. This final solution passed through the heating bath and then through the flow cell in the usual fashion. Mixers were inserted in the line after addition of the sample to ferricyanide and after addition of the cyanide to the sample-f erricyanide mixture. To determine quantity dialyzed, the sample, air, and water diluent Table 1. RATES or FLOW FOB HOFFMAN METHOD FOR GLUCOSE BY AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS Rai8a of flow Sample or reagent,nz./min. Blood 0.8 Air in sample stream % NaCI saturated with capyrlic alcohol 2.5 KON 0.5% solution in 0.9% NaCI 2.0 K3Fe(CN)6 0.5% solution in 2% Na,CO3 2.5 Air in reagent stream 1.2

3 544 GRADY & LAMAR Clinical Chemistry were pumped at the same rates as described in the preceding paragraph and were made to flow through the sample side of the dialyzer which was thermostated by immersion in the constant temperature bath that had been modified for operation at various temperatures. Through the opposite side of the dialyzer, water at a rate of 2.4 ml. per minute (exactly equivalent to the combined volume of the sample and diluent on the sample side) and air at a rate of 0.8 ml. per minute were introduced to receive the dialyzed glucose. The latter stream (dialysate) flowed into the ferricyanide, which was then treated as for the standard curve obtained without the dlialyzer, as described above. This allowed a measurement of the actual concentration of glucose in the dialysate, and by comparison with the concentration on the sample side of the dialyzer the percentage dialyzed was determined. All units of the automatic analyzer were standard except the bath for the regulation of the dialyzer temperature. These standard units include a flow cell with a 6-mm. light path and matched interference filters, one each for the reference and sample side, which have halfband widths of 10 m with a 35% transmittance at the peak of 420 m. No aperture on the sample side and a number 4 aperture on the reference side allowed balance of the instrument at 100% transmittance on the recorder with a reading between on the potentiometer with water in the flow cell. With the instrument so adjusted, the blank reading (all reagents flowing with water as the sample) was about 20% transmittance. The manual method for glucose was that of Nelson and Somogyi. The reagents were prepared as described in Reiner (4), and the method was modified as follows. A 1 to 10 filtrate was prepared by mixing 1 volume of blood, 5 volumes of water, and 2 volumes each of barium hydroxide and zinc sulfate. To 0.5 ml. of this ifitrate were added 2.0 ml. of alkaline copper reagent and the mixture heated for 20 minutes in a boiling water bath. Then 2.0 ml. of arsenomolybdate were added and the mixture diluted to 25 ml. and read at 520 m. Before the commercial bath was available a water bath for temperature control of the dialyzer was made at this institution. A stirrer and temperature controlling unit with overall regulation of about ±0.3#{176}was mounted on the bath. When changing the cellophane dialyzing membrane, the bath was drained and the dialyzing unit disconnected and removed from the bath. Such changes are not usually required more often than once a week.

4 Vol. 5, No GLUCOSE DETERMINATION o E 50 Fig. 1. Concentration-transmittance curves for glucose determination by auto- 40 rye A matic procedure. Curve B obtained approximately 2 hours after curve A. All I I I I points are averages for 5 consecutive Glucose Concentration in Mg. Percent An example of the change in transmittance readings with time which occur without the water bath is indicated in Fig. 1. These curves were prepared from averages of data for S consecutive mornings in the routine clinical chemistry laboratory. Curve A was obtained at about 9 A.M. and curve B at about 11:00 A.M. Between these two times about 60 blood samples were processed each morning. A maximum error of about 8% in the determination of an unknown blood sugar could have occurred as a result of this change. This error can be reduced considerably by running several standard curves during the period of analysis and using the standard curve nearest the unknown in time for the determination of that unknown concentration. To keep the error caused by standard curve shift within a few per cent, therefore, at least 3 standard curves are required during a 2-hour period. Changes of the type described above for glucose do not occur in the standard curves obtained in the determination of urea by the carbamido diacetyl monoxime reaction (5, 6). It is known that the dialysis of urea is sufficiently rapid that in passing through the dialyzer, urea is essentially in equilibrium across the cellophane membrane (1). Room temperatures ordinarily encountered are probably not low enough to reduce the diffusion rate below that which results in equilibrium, and hence changes in room temperature do not affect the total amount of urea dialyzed. With glucose, due to its lower diffusion rate, such equilibrium is not achieved at room tem-

5 546 GRADY & lamar Clinical Chemistry Table 2. VARIATION IN TRANSMITFANCE OF GLUCOSE 5mDARDs WITH TEMPERATUU Glucose concentration mg.iloomi Temperature e#{216} Mean % transml.ttance ± standard deviation ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±1.27 5A11 values are averages of 6 consecutive determinations of the series of 5 standards analyzed at the rate of 20 per hour. Standard deviation of each group of 6 readings was calculated as follows: /S X2 X\2 standard deviation = - I N \N where X = the individual reading in percent transmittance and N = number of readings. perature, and it seemed reasonable that the change in the amount of color produced by a given standard was caused by a change in the rate of dialysis of the glucose. One of the most obvious factors affecting diffusion rate is the temperature of the dialyzer. A study was made of the variation in reading of the glucose standards with temperature of the dialyzer using the constant temperature bath described above. The results are presented in Table 2. It is clear that change in temperature causes significant variations in the percentage of transmittance of a given standard. That these changes can be explained principally by the temperature effect on the rate of dialysis of glucose is indicated by Table 3 and Fig. 2. Table 3 indicates the actual percentage of the glucose on the sample Table 3. Err8cv OF TEMPERATURE ON AMOUNT 01 GLucosE DIALYZZD Temperatur. #{176}0. % glucose dialyzed 30#{176} #{176} #{176} #{176} #{176} 11.8 All values are averages of 3 consecutive determinations of 100 mg. per 100 ml. and 200 mg. per 100 ml. standards.

6 Vol. 5, No GLUCOSE DETERMINATION Temperature #{176}C. Fig. 2. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical increase in glucose dialyzed due to increase in dialyzer temperature. Each point of the experimental curve is the average per cent of increase of glucose concentration in the dialysate of the 100 and 200 mg. per 100 nil. glucose standards compared to their concentration at 30#{176} C. as the reference. The experimental curve is the best straight line through these points calculated according to the method of least squares. I side which is dialyzed under the conditions described earlier. From 10 to 12% diffuses across compared to a theoretical maximum of 50%, and therefore about one-fifth of the equilibrium value is obtained. That the increase in glucose dialyzed is due to the change in the diffusion constant of glucose with temperature is shown in Fig. 2. The theoretical curve is the expected per cent increase in glucose dialyzed as the temperature rises. This was calculated on the assumption that the size of the pores of the cellophane is large compared to the glucose molecule and that the temperature effects are due only to changes in the diffusion constant of glucose in water. The points were calculated using the following equation (7): DT1 = D.1 2 T1nT2 T2nT2 Table 4. Mwc CHANGE IN TRANSMITTANCE READINGS FROM INITIAL READING FOR 2-Houa PERIOD EXPRESSED IN PER CENT T CHANGE ± STANDARD DEVIATION#{176} Concentration (,ngfloo of standard mi.) Tsmperatur. not controlled (without H00 bath) 1 einperatter. controlled (with H00 bath) ± ± ± ± ± ±1.19 REach mean is calculated from data of 20 consecutive days. Mean change is reported without regard to sign (direction of change).

7 548 GRADY & LAMAR Clinical Chemistry where Dr1 and DT2 represent the diffusion constants of glucose at the two temperatures, T1 and T2, and nt1 and flt2 represent the viscosity of water at the two temperatures. After use of the bath for controlling the dialyzer temperature, the variations in the standard readings decreased significantly. As can be seen in Table 4, the changes in per cent transmittance readings with time have decreased to about one-third of their original value and tend to be more consistent (lower standard deviation). Thus with temperature control a change of about 2% transmittance oc- Table 5. RECOVERY Or GLUCOSE BY AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS AND MAN1LTAL METHODS Au to,,,mtic analysis Manual Glucose Glucose Glucose Glucose deter-mined recovered deter-in med recovered Test (average (average % (average (average % sw.terial Sample mg. %) isp. %) recovery ing. %) ing. %) recovery Bloood A (4 replicates) (duplicates) Blood A plus mg./100 ml. (duplicates) (4 replicates) Blood A plus mg./100 ml. (duplicates) (4 replicates) Blood B 1 75 Blood B plus mg./100 ml. 1 BloodO 1 50 Blood C plus mg./100 ml. 1 Blood C plus mg./100 ml. 1 Labtrol (Dade value: 115) 1 Blood D (1:3 dilu tion with buffer)b Blood D (1:3 dilu tion with 30% yeast in buffer)b Average recovery Crystalline reagent grade glucose was weighed and diluted to proper volume with the appropriate blood. bo.1 M. phosphate, ph 7.5.

8 Table 6. PRECISION OF DETERMINATION OF GLUCOSE BY AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS Usmo HOFFMAN METHOD AND COMPARISON WITH MANUAL NELSON-SOMOGYI METHOD Automatic (Hoffman) Manual (Nsison-Romogyi) glucose concentration glucose concentration (mg./100 nil.) (mg./100 nil) Blood Sample Sample Blood Sample Baeepi. No. 1 2 No Standard deviation = ±0.803 Standard deviation = ±2.76 Mean Mean Standard deviation of each method was calculated as follows where d = difference between duplicates Standard deviation (8)

9 550 GRADY & LAMAR Clinical Chemistry curred with the 250 mg. per 100 ml. standard and this would cause a maximum error of about 1.6% in the estimation of the glucose concentration of an unknown. Table 5 shows the recovery of glucose by the automatic procedure employing the Hoffman method compared to the manual Nelson-Somogyi method. It is seen that added glucose is recovered well by both procedures but that the automatic procedure is superior in this respect. Incubation of the blood with yeast removes the glucose, and the results from these samples is good evidence that the blood blank is zero and that everything that is measured is actually glucose. The combination of a zero blank and essentially 100% recovery demonstrates the high accuracy of the automatic procedure. The precision of the automatic method has been calculated from the differences between duplicates as shown in Table 6, and it is seen that the automatic method is more precise. The duplicates were run one immediately following the other, and in the manual procedure duplicates were all analyzed at the same time. SUMMARY A method of automatic chemical analysis has been improved by stabilizing the temperature of the dialyzing unit. With this addition the automatic analyzer has been shown to have greater precision and accuracy than a manual method. REFERENCES 1. Skeggs, L. T. Am. J. CUn. Paihol. 28, 311 (1957). 2. Hoffman, W. S. Photeioinetrio Clinical Chemi.stry. New York, William Morrow, Johnson, J. Am. J. Med. Tech. 24, 271 (1958). 4. Beiner, M. (Ed.) Standard Methods of Clinical Chemistry. Vol. I. New York, Academic Press, Friedman, H. S. Anal. Chem. 25, 662 (1953). 6. Marsh, W. H., Fingerhut, B., and Kirach, E. Am. J. Chn. Paihol. 28, 681 (1957). 7. Bull, H. B. Physical Biochemistry. New York, John Wiley, Youden, W. J., Statistical Methods for Chemists. New York, John Wiley, 1951.

A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE.

A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE. A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE. BY JAMES A. HAWKINS. (From Ike Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research,

More information

AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var.

AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var. AMYLOGLUCOSIDASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var. SYNONYMS INS No. 1100 Prepared at the 59 th JECFA (2002) and published in FNP 52 Add 10 (2002), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 55 th

More information

Comparison of Manual, Automated, and "Kit" Methods for the Measurement of Glucose. and Urea in Plasma

Comparison of Manual, Automated, and Kit Methods for the Measurement of Glucose. and Urea in Plasma Comparison of Manual, Automated, and "Kit" Methods for the Measurement of Glucose and Urea in Plasma ROBERT C. ELSER, B.S., AND JOHN SAVORY, PH.D. I'ulhology Department, University of Florida College of

More information

Enzymatic Assay of ß-GLUCOSIDASE (EC )

Enzymatic Assay of ß-GLUCOSIDASE (EC ) PRINCIPLE: ß-D-Glucoside + H 2 O ß-Glucosidase > D-Glucose + an Alcohol CONDITIONS: T = 37 C, ph = 5.0, A 540nm, Light path = 1 cm METHOD: Colorimetric 1 REAGENTS: A. 100 mm Sodium Acetate Buffer, ph 5.0

More information

FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS

FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS Published Online: 20 March, 1935 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.18.4.485 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on October 21, 2018 FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS B~ DAVID I. HITCI~OCK

More information

HAGEDORN AND JENSEN TO THE DETER- REDUCING SUGARS. MINATION OF LARGER QUANTITIES OF XIV. AN APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF

HAGEDORN AND JENSEN TO THE DETER- REDUCING SUGARS. MINATION OF LARGER QUANTITIES OF XIV. AN APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF XIV. AN APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF HAGEDORN AND JENSEN TO THE DETER- MINATION OF LARGER QUANTITIES OF REDUCING SUGARS. By CHARLES SAMUEL HANES (Junior Scholar of the Exhibition of 1851). From the Botany

More information

Enzymatic Assay of POLYGALACTURONASE (EC )

Enzymatic Assay of POLYGALACTURONASE (EC ) PRINCIPLE: Polygalacturonic Acid + H 2 O PG > Reducing Sugars Abbreviations: PG = Polygalacturonase CONDITIONS: T = 30 C, ph 5.0, A 540nm, Light path = 1 cm METHOD: Colorimetric REAGENTS: A. 50 mm Sodium

More information

ESS Method 310.2: Phosphorus, Total, Low Level (Persulfate Digestion)

ESS Method 310.2: Phosphorus, Total, Low Level (Persulfate Digestion) ESS Method 310.2: Phosphorus, Total, Low Level (Persulfate Digestion) Environmental Sciences Section Inorganic Chemistry Unit Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene 465 Henry Mall Madison, WI 53706 Revised October

More information

THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN BY M. L. ANSON Am) A. E. MIRSKY (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, N. J., and the Hospital of The Rockefeller

More information

B. 1% (w/v) Salicin Substrate Solution (Salicin) (Prepare 50 ml in Reagent A using Salicin, Sigma Prod. No. S-0625.)

B. 1% (w/v) Salicin Substrate Solution (Salicin) (Prepare 50 ml in Reagent A using Salicin, Sigma Prod. No. S-0625.) SIGMA QUALITY CONTROL TEST PROCEDURE (Q]\PDWLFÃ$VVD\ÃRIÃ */8&26,'$6( PRINCIPLE: 'Glucoside + H 2 O Glucosidase > D-Glucose + an Alcohol CONDITIONS: T = 37 C, ph = 5.0, A 540nm, Light path = 1 cm METHOD:

More information

S ERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY is the enzyme analysis most

S ERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY is the enzyme analysis most Rapid Method for the Quantitative Determination of Serum Alkaline Phosphatase Bernard Klein, Prunella A. Read, and Arthur L. Babson S ERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY is the enzyme analysis most frequently

More information

Experiment 9. NATURE OF α-amylase ACTIVITY ON STARCH

Experiment 9. NATURE OF α-amylase ACTIVITY ON STARCH Experiment 9 NATURE OF α-amylase ACTIVITY ON STARC In Experiment 1 we described the action of α-amylase on starch as that of catalyzing the hydrolysis of α-1,4-glucosidic bonds at random in the interior

More information

Change to read: BRIEFING

Change to read: BRIEFING BRIEFING Dibasic Calcium Phosphate Dihydrate, USP 29 page 359. The Japanese Pharmacopoeia is the coordinating pharmacopeia for the international harmonization of the compendial standards for the Dibasic

More information

EFFECT OF HIGH SALT CONCENTRATIONS ON COLOR PRODUCTION OF THE BIURET REACTION FOR PROTEIN ANALYSIS

EFFECT OF HIGH SALT CONCENTRATIONS ON COLOR PRODUCTION OF THE BIURET REACTION FOR PROTEIN ANALYSIS EFFECT OF HIGH SALT CONCENTRATIONS ON COLOR PRODUCTION OF THE BIURET REACTION FOR PROTEIN ANALYSIS HAROLD L. ROSENTHAL, PH.D., AND TOYOKO KAWAKAMI, M.T. (ASC1>) Division of Biochemistry, Department of

More information

Pharmacopeial Forum 818 INTERIM REVISION ANNOUNCEMENT Vol. 35(4) [July Aug. 2009] ERRATA

Pharmacopeial Forum 818 INTERIM REVISION ANNOUNCEMENT Vol. 35(4) [July Aug. 2009] ERRATA 818 INTERIM REVISION ANNOUNCEMENT Vol. 35(4) [July Aug. 2009] ERRATA Following is a list of errata and corrections to USP NF. The page number indicates where the item is found and in which official or

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT*

THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT* THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT* BY JOSEPH H. ROE (From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, D. C.) (Received

More information

ESS Method 310.1: Ortho-Phosphorus, Dissolved Automated, Ascorbic Acid

ESS Method 310.1: Ortho-Phosphorus, Dissolved Automated, Ascorbic Acid ESS Method 310.1: Ortho-Phosphorus, Dissolved Environmental Sciences Section Inorganic Chemistry Unit Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene 465 Henry Mall Madison, WI 53706 Revised October 1992 1.0 Scope and

More information

Human Hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection Kit

Human Hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection Kit Human Hemoglobin Colorimetric Detection Kit CATALOG NO: IRAAKT2522 LOT NO: SAMPLE INTENDED USE The Hemoglobin detection kit is designed to quantitatively measure all forms of hemoglobin present in blood

More information

» Monohydrate Citric Acid contains one molecule of water of hydration. It contains not less than 99.5 percent and not more than 100.

» Monohydrate Citric Acid contains one molecule of water of hydration. It contains not less than 99.5 percent and not more than 100. BRIEFING Citric Acid, Monohydrate. The European Pharmacopoeia is the coordinating pharmacopeia for the international harmonization of the compendial standards for the Citric Acid, Monohydrate monograph,

More information

BRIEFING. Nonharmonized attributes: Identification, Heavy metals, Characters, Labeling, Bacterial endotoxins, Sterility, Storage.

BRIEFING. Nonharmonized attributes: Identification, Heavy metals, Characters, Labeling, Bacterial endotoxins, Sterility, Storage. BRIEFING Citric Acid, Anhydrous, page 872 of PF 28(3) [May June 2002]. The European Pharmacopoeia is the coordinating pharmacopeia for the international harmonization of the compendial standards for the

More information

EXPERIMENT 4 DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, TOTAL REDUCING SUGARS, SUCROSE AND STARCH

EXPERIMENT 4 DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, TOTAL REDUCING SUGARS, SUCROSE AND STARCH Practical Manual Food Chemistry and Physiology EXPERIMENT 4 DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, TOTAL REDUCING SUGARS, SUCROSE AND STARCH Structure 4.1 Introduction Objectives 4.2 Experiment 4a: Reducing

More information

GB Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB NATIONAL STANDARD

GB Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB NATIONAL STANDARD Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB5009.5-2016 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GB 5009.5-2016 National food safety standard

More information

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Colorimetric Testing for Discrete and Segmented Flow Analyzers. NEMC 2017 Sarah Leibenguth Technical Support Chemist

Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Colorimetric Testing for Discrete and Segmented Flow Analyzers. NEMC 2017 Sarah Leibenguth Technical Support Chemist Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen Colorimetric Testing for Discrete and Segmented Flow Analyzers NEMC 2017 Sarah Leibenguth Technical Support Chemist Topics for Discussion Method Principle Digestion Protocol Temperature

More information

MIXED -GLUCANASE AND XYLANASE FROM DISPOROTRICHUM DIMORPHOSPORUM (TENTATIVE)

MIXED -GLUCANASE AND XYLANASE FROM DISPOROTRICHUM DIMORPHOSPORUM (TENTATIVE) MIXED -GLUCANASE AND XYLANASE FROM DISPOROTRICHUM DIMORPHOSPORUM (TENTATIVE) New tentative specifications prepared at the 80th JECFA (2015) and published in FAO JECFA Monographs 17 (2015). An ADI not specified

More information

Syringe Pump Application Note AN27. Figure 1: Phase diagram of water showing vapor-liquid relationship for subcritical water

Syringe Pump Application Note AN27. Figure 1: Phase diagram of water showing vapor-liquid relationship for subcritical water Measurement of Aqueous Solubility of Compounds at High Temperature Using a Dynamic Flow Apparatus and a Teledyne Isco Syringe Pump Jerry W. King & Keerthi Srinivas, University of Arkansas, Dept. of Chemical

More information

THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED TRYPSIN

THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED TRYPSIN Published Online: 20 January, 1934 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.17.3.393 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on November 8, 2018 THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED

More information

Enzymatic Assay of PROTEASE (EC )

Enzymatic Assay of PROTEASE (EC ) Enzymatic Assay of PROTEASE PRINCIPLE: Hemoglobin + H 2 O Protease > Amino Acids CONDITIONS: T = 37 C, ph = 2.8, A 660nm, Light path = 1 cm METHOD: Colorimetric REAGENTS: A. 50 mm Potassium Phthalate Buffer,

More information

Β-FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE ENZYME

Β-FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE ENZYME KINETICS ANALYSIS OF Β-FRUCTOFURANOSIDASE ENZYME 2-The effects of enzyme concentration on the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction. Systematic names and numbers β-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26) Reactions

More information

Measuring Sodium in dialysis patients. UCL Center for Nephrology

Measuring Sodium in dialysis patients. UCL Center for Nephrology Measuring Sodium in dialysis patients UCL Center for Nephrology sodium Na-heparin sulphate Na-dermatan sulphate Na-chondroitin sulphate endothelium Na-heparin sulphate Na-Sulfate plasma protein Na-Citrate

More information

THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN Published Online: 20 September, 1938 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.22.1.79 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on July 1, 2018 THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

More information

RASAMSONIA EMERSONII (TENTATIVE)

RASAMSONIA EMERSONII (TENTATIVE) MIXED β-glucanase, CELLULASE AND XYLANASE FROM RASAMSONIA EMERSONII (TENTATIVE) New tentative specifications prepared at the 80th JECFA (2015) and published in FAO JECFA Monographs 17 (2015). An ADI not

More information

Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 14(2), 2012; nᵒ 22, COMPARATIVE CARBOHYDRATES STATUS IN LEAF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF CLEOME SPECIES

Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 14(2), 2012; nᵒ 22, COMPARATIVE CARBOHYDRATES STATUS IN LEAF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF CLEOME SPECIES Research Article COMPARATIVE CARBOHYDRATES STATUS IN LEAF DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF CLEOME SPECIES Vishal T. Aparadh*, B. A. Karadge. Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur. (M.S.) India. 416

More information

6.02 Uniformity of Dosage Units

6.02 Uniformity of Dosage Units 6.02 Uniformity of Dosage Units Change 1. Content Uniformity, 3. Criteria and Table 6.02-2 as follows: 1. Content Uniformity Select not less than 30 units, and proceed as follows for the dosage form designated.

More information

INTERNATIONAL ŒNOLOGICAL CODEX. DETERMINATION OF BETA-GLUCANASE (ß 1-3, ß 1-6) ACTIVITY IN ENZYME PREPARATIONS (Oeno 340/2010, Oeno )

INTERNATIONAL ŒNOLOGICAL CODEX. DETERMINATION OF BETA-GLUCANASE (ß 1-3, ß 1-6) ACTIVITY IN ENZYME PREPARATIONS (Oeno 340/2010, Oeno ) DETERMINATION OF BETA-GLUCANASE (ß 1-3, ß 1-6) ACTIVITY IN ENZYME PREPARATIONS (Oeno 340/2010, Oeno 488-2013) General specifications These enzymatic activities are usually present within a complex enzymatic

More information

CELLULASE from PENICILLIUM FUNICULOSUM

CELLULASE from PENICILLIUM FUNICULOSUM CELLULASE from PENICILLIUM FUNICULOSUM Prepared at the 55th JECFA (2000) and published in FNP 52 Add 8 (2000), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 31st JECFA (1987) and published in FNP

More information

Experiment 6: STANDARDIZATION OF A BASE; MASS PERCENT OF AN ACID

Experiment 6: STANDARDIZATION OF A BASE; MASS PERCENT OF AN ACID Experiment 6: STANDARDIZATION OF A BASE; MASS PERCENT OF AN ACID Introduction The reaction of an acid and a base to form a salt and water is known as neutralization. In this experiment; potassium acid

More information

THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE*

THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE* THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE* BY W. R. BROWN (From Ihe Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati) (Received for publication, November 21, 1935)

More information

glucose as substrate for bull spermatozoa has been measured: fructose Spermatozoa of the higher mammalians (e.g. bull, dog and human) are known

glucose as substrate for bull spermatozoa has been measured: fructose Spermatozoa of the higher mammalians (e.g. bull, dog and human) are known THE MICHAELIS-MENTEN CONSTANT FOR FRUCTOSE AND FOR GLUCOSE OF HEXOKINASE IN BULL SPERMATOZOA ROBERT RIKMENSPOEL AND The Population Council, The Rockefeller University, Mew York [Received 30th October 1965)

More information

CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS

CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials and Methods. The from different husks, fruits, and vegetables peels were estimated quantitatively by the following volumetric procedure s such as Bertrand s,

More information

METABOLISM OF d-mannohepttjlose. EXCRETION OF THE SUGAR AFTER EATING AVOCADO

METABOLISM OF d-mannohepttjlose. EXCRETION OF THE SUGAR AFTER EATING AVOCADO METABOLISM OF d-mannohepttjlose. EXCRETION OF THE SUGAR AFTER EATING AVOCADO BY N. R. BLATHERWICK, HARDY W. LARSON, AND SUSAN D. SAWYER (From the Biochemical Laboratory of the Metropolitan Life Insurance

More information

Selenium, atomic absorption spectrometric, hydride, automated

Selenium, atomic absorption spectrometric, hydride, automated Selenium, atomic absorption spectrometric, hydride, automated Parameters and Codes: Selenium, dissolved, I-2667-85 (µg/l as Se): 01145 Selenium, total, I-4667-85 (µg/l as Se): 01147 Selenium, suspended

More information

ASSAY OF using AZO-FRUCTAN S-AZFR5 11/17

ASSAY OF using AZO-FRUCTAN S-AZFR5 11/17 www.megazyme.com ASSAY OF endo-fructanase using AZO-FRUCTAN S-AZFR5 11/17 Megazyme 2017 PRINCIPLE: The substrate is the high molecular weight fraction of chicory fructan (DP ~ 20-60) dyed with an azo-dye

More information

V. LAB REPORT. PART I. ICP-AES (section IVA)

V. LAB REPORT. PART I. ICP-AES (section IVA) CH 461 & CH 461H 20 V. LAB REPORT The lab report should include an abstract and responses to the following items. All materials should be submitted by each individual, not one copy for the group. The goal

More information

Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN

Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN PRINCIPLE SCOPE Many modifications of the Kjeldahl method have been accepted for the estimation of protein in organic materials. It comprises sample oxidation and conversion

More information

DIASTASE ACTIVITY IN HONEY ASSAY PROCEDURE K-AMZHY 04/05

DIASTASE ACTIVITY IN HONEY ASSAY PROCEDURE K-AMZHY 04/05 DIASTASE ACTIVITY (α-amylase) IN HONEY ASSAY PROCEDURE K-AMZHY 04/05 Megazyme International Ireland Limited 2004 INTRODUCTION: The traditional method for the measurement of diastase activity in honey isthe

More information

INTERNATIONAL ŒNOLOGICAL CODEX

INTERNATIONAL ŒNOLOGICAL CODEX DETERMINATION OF POLYGALACTURONASE ACTIVITY IN ENZYMATIC PREPARATIONS endo- and exo-polygalacturonase activities (PG) (EC. 3.2.1.15 CAS N 9032-75-1) (Oeno 10/2008; Oeno 364-2012) General specifications

More information

kinetic methods for transaminase assay

kinetic methods for transaminase assay J. clin. Path., 1973, 6, 4-47 Comparison of two-point (AutoAnalyzer II) with kinetic methods for transaminase assay A. F. SMITH AND R. H. TAYLOR From the University Department of Clinical Chemistry, The

More information

Estimation of protein using standard curve & Biochemistry analyzer. Experiment 1 & 2 BBT 314 ACh

Estimation of protein using standard curve & Biochemistry analyzer. Experiment 1 & 2 BBT 314 ACh Estimation of protein using standard curve & Biochemistry analyzer Experiment 1 & 2 BBT 314 ACh Introduction Proteins are an abundant component in all cells, and almost all except storage proteins are

More information

Purity Tests for Modified Starches

Purity Tests for Modified Starches Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016 Purity Tests for Modified Starches This monograph was also published in: Compendium

More information

THE CREATININE LEVEL OF BLOOD SERUM AS AN INDICATOR OF CARCASS COMPOSITION 1 PAUL R. WUTHIER AND P. O. STRATTON

THE CREATININE LEVEL OF BLOOD SERUM AS AN INDICATOR OF CARCASS COMPOSITION 1 PAUL R. WUTHIER AND P. O. STRATTON THE CREATININE LEVEL OF BLOOD SERUM AS AN INDICATOR OF CARCASS COMPOSITION 1 PAUL R. WUTHIER AND P. O. STRATTON Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station URRENT trends in consumer demand emphasize the importance

More information

Kinetics analysis of β-fructofuranosidase enzyme. 1-Effect of Time Incubation On The Rate Of An Enzymatic Reaction

Kinetics analysis of β-fructofuranosidase enzyme. 1-Effect of Time Incubation On The Rate Of An Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics analysis of β-fructofuranosidase enzyme 1-Effect of Time Incubation On The Rate Of An Enzymatic Reaction Enzyme kinetics It is the study of the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes.

More information

Comparison of conventional HPLC with UPLC method for determination of albuterol sulfate and it s impurities in pharmaceutical formulation

Comparison of conventional HPLC with UPLC method for determination of albuterol sulfate and it s impurities in pharmaceutical formulation Oriental Journal of Chemistry Vol. 24(2), 537-544 (2008) Comparison of conventional HPLC with UPLC method for determination of albuterol sulfate and it s impurities in pharmaceutical formulation P.N. DALVI,

More information

STUDIES ON HEMOGLOBIN. III An Ultra-Micro-method for the Determination of Hemoglobin as a Peroxidase.

STUDIES ON HEMOGLOBIN. III An Ultra-Micro-method for the Determination of Hemoglobin as a Peroxidase. BY STUDIES ON HEMOGLOBIN. III An Ultra-Micro-method for the Determination of Hemoglobin as a Peroxidase. HSIEN WU (From the L' b)oratory of Physiological CCemistry. Peking Union Medical College, Peking)

More information

Nitrate/Nitrite Assay Kit Manual Catalog #

Nitrate/Nitrite Assay Kit Manual Catalog # BIOO RESEARCH PRODUCTS Nitrate/Nitrite Assay Kit Manual Catalog # 1305-01 This kit is manufactured to the international quality standard ISO 9001:2008. ISO CI#: SARA-2009-CA-0114-01-B BIOO Scientific Corp.2011

More information

Research Article Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Dosage Form

Research Article Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Dosage Form Research Article Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Metformin Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Dosage Form Gowekar NM, Lawande YS*, Jadhav DP, Hase RS and Savita N. Gowekar Department

More information

Development, Estimation and Validation of Lisinopril in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Formulation by HPLC Method

Development, Estimation and Validation of Lisinopril in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Formulation by HPLC Method ISSN: 0973-4945; CODEN ECJAO E- Chemistry http://www.e-journals.net 2012, 9(1), 340-344 Development, Estimation and Validation of Lisinopril in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Formulation by PLC Method V.

More information

HEMICELLULASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var.

HEMICELLULASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var. HEMICELLULASE from ASPERGILLUS NIGER, var. Prepared at the 55th JECFA (2000) and published in FNP 52 Add 8 (2000), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 31st JECFA (1987) and published in

More information

LACTOSE/ SUCROSE/D-GLUCOSE

LACTOSE/ SUCROSE/D-GLUCOSE www.megazyme.com LACTOSE/ SUCROSE/D-GLUCOSE ASSAY PROCEDURE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF LACTOSE, SUCROSE AND D-GLUCOSE IN FLOURS K-LACSU 06/15 (100 Assays of each per Kit) Megazyme International Ireland 2015

More information

MANUAL OF RESEARCH MiiTHODS FOR CRUSTACEAN BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY

MANUAL OF RESEARCH MiiTHODS FOR CRUSTACEAN BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY f M ' CMFRI SPECIAL PUBLICATION Number 7 MANUAL OF RESEARCH MiiTHODS FOR CRUSTACEAN BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY ISSIH;(! on Hie occasion of the Wotkshop ott CRUSTACEAN BIOOHfcMISTHY AND PHYSIOLOGY jointly

More information

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRECIPITATION OF PROTEIN ON THE ENZYMATIC DETERMINATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRECIPITATION OF PROTEIN ON THE ENZYMATIC DETERMINATION OF BLOOD GLUCOSE THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGV Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 251-255 September, 1902 Copyright 19C2 by The Williams & Wilkiiis Co. Printed in U.S.A. THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT METHODS OF PRECIPITATION OF

More information

Glucose Assay Kit. Catalog Number KA assays Version: 03. Intended for research use only.

Glucose Assay Kit. Catalog Number KA assays Version: 03. Intended for research use only. Glucose Assay Kit Catalog Number KA1648 100 assays Version: 03 Intended for research use only www.abnova.com Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Intended Use... 3 Background... 3 Principle of the Assay...

More information

EXPERIMENT 6 Properties of Carbohydrates: Solubility, Reactivity, and Specific Rotation

EXPERIMENT 6 Properties of Carbohydrates: Solubility, Reactivity, and Specific Rotation EXPERIMENT 6 Properties of Carbohydrates: Solubility, Reactivity, and Specific Rotation Materials Needed About 3-5 g each of Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Sucrose, Starch sodium bicarbonate, NaC 3 (s) 15

More information

Shortly after the discovery of insulin, investigators

Shortly after the discovery of insulin, investigators THE GLUCAGON CONTENT OF CRYSTALLINE INSULIN PREPARATIONS By A. STAUB AND OTTO K. BEHRENS WITH THE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE OF J. T. ELLIS AND R. W. KENNEDY (From the Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis,

More information

THE "AVERAGE OF NORMALS" METHOD OF QUALITY CONTROL

THE AVERAGE OF NORMALS METHOD OF QUALITY CONTROL THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY Copyright 1965 by The Williams & Wilkins Co. Vol. 43, No. 2 Printed in U.S.A. THE "AVERAGE OF NORMALS" METHOD OF QUALITY CONTROL ROBERT G. HOFFMANN, PH.D., AND

More information

MIXED XYLANASE, β-glucanase ENZYME PREPARATION, produced by a strain of HUMICOLA INSOLENS

MIXED XYLANASE, β-glucanase ENZYME PREPARATION, produced by a strain of HUMICOLA INSOLENS MIXED XYLANASE, β-glucanase ENZYME PREPARATION, produced by a strain of HUMICOLA INSOLENS New specifications prepared at the 61st JECFA (2003) and published in FNP 52 Add 11 (2003). An ADI not specified

More information

abnormally high compared to those encountered when animals are fed by University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.A.

abnormally high compared to those encountered when animals are fed by University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, U.S.A. J. Phy8iol. (1965), 181, pp. 59-67 59 With 5 text-ftgure8 Printed in Great Britain THE ANALYSIS OF GLUCOSE MEASUREMENTS BY COMPUTER SIMULATION* BY R. G. JANES "D J. 0. OSBURN From the Departments of Anatomy

More information

Urea Nitrogen (BUN) detection Kit

Urea Nitrogen (BUN) detection Kit K-ASSAY KAMIYA BIOMEDICAL COMPANY KAMIYA BIOMEDICAL COMPANY Urea Nitrogen (BUN) detection Kit For the quantitative determination of urea nitrogen in saliva and TCM Cat. No. KT-747 For Research Use Only.

More information

DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS

DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS THE USE OF DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN FOR THE VOLUMETRIC MICRODETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN ZINC FILTRATES OF BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

More information

THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN*

THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN* THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN* BY A. K. BALLS.4ND SAM R. HOOVER (From the Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington) (Received for

More information

BIOL 305L Spring 2019 Laboratory Six

BIOL 305L Spring 2019 Laboratory Six Please print Full name clearly: BIOL 305L Spring 2019 Laboratory Six Osmosis in potato and carrot samples Introduction Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane

More information

The effect of incubation time on the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction

The effect of incubation time on the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction The effect of incubation time on the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction Objectives To monitor the progress of an enzyme catalyzed reaction (Acid phosphatase). To determine the initial rate of the reaction

More information

Alkaline Phosphatase Assay Kit

Alkaline Phosphatase Assay Kit Alkaline Phosphatase Assay Kit Catalog Number KA0817 500 assays Version: 02 Intended for research use only www.abnova.com Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Background... 3 General Information... 4 Materials

More information

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND DETECTION OF NORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND DETECTION OF NORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND DETECTION OF NORMAL CONSTITUENTS OF URINE - OBJECTIVES: 1- The simple examination of urine. 2- To detect some of the normal organic constituents of urine. 3- To detect some of the

More information

Name... Class... Date...

Name... Class... Date... Required practical 4: Food tests Aiming for 8 Specification references: Required practical 4: Use qualitative reagents to test for a range of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. To include: Benedict s

More information

THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA- TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER

THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA- TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER (From the Department of Laboratories, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit) (Received for publication,

More information

Hyderabad, India. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India.

Hyderabad, India. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India. International Journal On Engineering Technology and Sciences IJETS RP-HPLC Method development and validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Metformin and Empagliflozine in Tablet Dosage Form Shaik

More information

points raised, and the following is an account of what I have done under touched, but my work has fallen under two main heads:

points raised, and the following is an account of what I have done under touched, but my work has fallen under two main heads: NOTES ON CREATININE. BY P. C. COLLS, late Assistant Demonstrator in Physiology, King's College, London. (From the Physiological Laboratory, King's College, London.) ABOUT two years ago, a lengthy correspondence

More information

Benedict s Quantitative Reagent Powder A Quantitative Test for Reducing Sugars

Benedict s Quantitative Reagent Powder A Quantitative Test for Reducing Sugars Benedict s Quantitative Reagent Powder A Quantitative Test for Reducing Sugars SIENTIFI Introduction Benedict s Quantitative Solution (prepared from Benedict s Quantitative Reagent Powder) is a test reagent

More information

By Authority Of THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Legally Binding Document

By Authority Of THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Legally Binding Document By Authority Of THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Legally Binding Document By the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code 552(a) and Part 1 of the Code of Regulations 51 the attached document has

More information

BIOL 347L Laboratory Three

BIOL 347L Laboratory Three Introduction BIOL 347L Laboratory Three Osmosis in potato and carrot samples Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration,

More information

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP. (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, iv. J.

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP. (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, iv. J. CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN III. PREPARATION OF ACTIVE CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN FROM INACTIVE DENATURED PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton,

More information

Compliance. Should you have any questions, please contact Behnaz Almasi, Associate Scientific Liaison ( or

Compliance. Should you have any questions, please contact Behnaz Almasi, Associate Scientific Liaison ( or Extended-Release Tablets Type of Posting Revision Bulletin Posting Date 30 Mar 2018 Official Date 01 Apr 2018 Expert Committee Chemical Medicines Monographs 3 Reason for Revision Compliance In accordance

More information

A Revised Method for Determining Phosphate-Phosphorus Levels in Sugar Beet Leaf Petioles 1

A Revised Method for Determining Phosphate-Phosphorus Levels in Sugar Beet Leaf Petioles 1 A Revised Method for Determining Phosphate-Phosphorus Levels in Sugar Beet Leaf Petioles 1 G. E. VARVEL, G. A. PETERSON and F. N. ANDERSON 2 &ceived/orpublicalionj..ne 1,1976 Knowledge of plant nutrient

More information

XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES.

XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES. XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES. II. THE PREPARATION OF GLUCOSE UREIDE. BY ALEXANDER HYND. From the Department of Physiology, University of St Andrews. (Received

More information

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF COLORIMETRIC METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RITONAVIR IN TABLETS

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF COLORIMETRIC METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RITONAVIR IN TABLETS Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(1), 2010, 711-715 DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF COLORIMETRIC METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RITONAVIR IN TABLETS R. PRIYADARSINI *, V. NIRAIMATHI, T. SARASWATHY, V. GOPI and R.

More information

MONOGRAPHS (NF) Pharmacopeial Forum 616 HARMONIZATION Vol. 31(2) [Mar. Apr. 2005]

MONOGRAPHS (NF) Pharmacopeial Forum 616 HARMONIZATION Vol. 31(2) [Mar. Apr. 2005] 616 HARMONIZATION Vol. 31(2) [Mar. Apr. 2005] the recorder. The substances are eluted in the following order: o-toluenesulfonamide, p-toluenesulfonamide, and caffeine. The test is not valid unless the

More information

Corn Starch Analysis B-47-1 PHOSPHORUS

Corn Starch Analysis B-47-1 PHOSPHORUS Corn Starch Analysis B-47-1 PHOSPHORUS PRINCIPLE SCOPE The sample is ignited in the presence of a fixative to destroy organic matter and convert phosphorus to inorganic phosphates which are not volatilized

More information

MOHAWK COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT. Lab Report ROOM NO: FE E309

MOHAWK COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT. Lab Report ROOM NO: FE E309 MOHAWK COLLEGE OF APPLIED ARTS AND TECHNOLOGY CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT Lab Report ROOM NO: FE E309 EXPERIMENT NO : 9 TITLE : Factors Affecting Enzyme Function Submitted by Class

More information

--> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes. GB Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB5009.

--> Buy True-PDF --> Auto-delivered in 0~10 minutes. GB Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB5009. Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB5009.259-2016 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net NATIONAL STANDARD GB OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA National food safety standard Determination

More information

Petrolatum. Stage 4, Revision 1. Petrolatum is a purified semi solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum.

Petrolatum. Stage 4, Revision 1. Petrolatum is a purified semi solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. 1 001-1208PDG.pdf Petrolatum Stage 4, Revision 1 Definition Petrolatum is a purified semi solid mixture of hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It may contain a suitable antioxidant. Description and Solubility

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF SERUM PHOSPHATE BY THE MOLYBDIVANADATE METHOD

THE DETERMINATION OF SERUM PHOSPHATE BY THE MOLYBDIVANADATE METHOD THE DETERMINATION OF SERUM PHOSPHATE BY THE MOLYBDIVANADATE METHOD BY DAISY G. SIMONSEN, MAXINE WERTMAN, LEOLA M. WESTOVER, AND JOHN W. MEHL (From the Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, School of

More information

EXPERIMENT 3 ENZYMATIC QUANTITATION OF GLUCOSE

EXPERIMENT 3 ENZYMATIC QUANTITATION OF GLUCOSE EXPERIMENT 3 ENZYMATIC QUANTITATION OF GLUCOSE This is a team experiment. Each team will prepare one set of reagents; each person will do an individual unknown and each team will submit a single report.

More information

Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4

Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4 Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4 Experiment: Determination of Iron in a Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate Sample (Fe) This experiment involves the determination of the percentage of ferrous iron in

More information

MONOGRAPHS (USP) Saccharin Sodium

MONOGRAPHS (USP) Saccharin Sodium Vol. 31(4) [July Aug. 2005] HARMONIZATION 1225 MONOGRAPHS (USP) BRIEFING Saccharin Sodium, USP 28 page 1745 and page 612 of PF 31(2) [Mar. Apr. 2005]. The United States Pharmacopeia is the coordinating

More information

E17 ETHYLCELLULOSE. Revision 3 Stage 4

E17 ETHYLCELLULOSE. Revision 3 Stage 4 00-205PDG.pdf 2 E7 ETHYLCELLULOSE Revision 3 Stage 4 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 2 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3 32 33 34 35 36 37 DEFINITION Ethylcellulose is a partly O-ethylated cellulose. It

More information

AZO-XYLAN (BIRCHWOOD)

AZO-XYLAN (BIRCHWOOD) ASSAY OF endo-1,4-ß-xylanase using AZO-XYLAN (BIRCHWOOD) S-AXBP S-AXBL 10/07 Megazyme International Ireland 2007 PRINCIPLE: This assay procedure is specific for endo-1,4-ß-d-xylanase activity. On incubation

More information

A New Stability-Indicating and Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Liraglutide in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

A New Stability-Indicating and Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Liraglutide in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms OPEN ACCESS Eurasian Journal of Analytical Chemistry ISSN: 1306-3057 2017 12(2):31-44 DOI 10.12973/ejac.2017.00152a A New Stability-Indicating and Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Estimation of Liraglutide

More information

GLUCOSE is the most important diffusible substance in the blood which

GLUCOSE is the most important diffusible substance in the blood which ON THE ACTION OF PHLORHIZIN ON THE KIDNEY. By E. B. MAYRS. (From the Department of Pharmacology, Edinburgh.) GLUCOSE is the most important diffusible substance in the blood which is completely held back

More information

Validation of Changes to the USP Assay Method for Ibuprofen Tablets

Validation of Changes to the USP Assay Method for Ibuprofen Tablets Validation of Changes to the USP Assay Method for Ibuprofen Extraction and Filtration Techniques Lynn Massad, Pam Anderson, James Ward, Philip Burns, and Ranga Velagaleti* This article discusses changes

More information

Available online Research Article

Available online   Research Article Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2016, 8(1):171-176 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography

More information