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1 1/6 Knowledge center (/knowledge-center) Diabetes (/categories/diabetes) Nutrition / Diet (/categories/nutrition-diet) Best vegetables for type 2 diabetes Written by Zawn Villines Reviewed by Natalie Butler, RD, LD Last reviewed: Sun 30 April 2017 eople with type 2 diabetes often feel left out at big family meals and at restaurants, but it should not mean having to avoid delicious food. In fact, no food item is strictly forbidden for people with type 2 diabetes (/info/diabetes/type2diabetes.php). Healthy eating for people with diabetes (/info/diabetes/) is all about moderation and balance. The best vegetables for type 2 diabetes are low on the glycemic index (GI) scale ( rich in fiber, or high in blood pressure-lowering nitrates. Contents of this article: Why choose vegetables? Best vegetables for type 2 diabetes Eating vegan or vegetarian with diabetes Healthful diabetes meals Why choose vegetables? When considering foods to avoid, many people with diabetes might think about sugary or highcarbohydrate foods, such as cinnamon (/articles/ php) rolls or bread. Certain vegetables, though, can also cause blood glucose problems. The GI refers to how quickly foods cause blood sugar levels to rise. Foods high on the GI, such as most potatoes, rapidly release glucose, potentially triggering blood glucose spikes. They can also cause weight gain when eaten in excess. Arugula and other green, leafy vegetables are rich in nutrients and fiber. Low to moderate GI vegetables, such as carrots, offer better blood glucose control, and a lower risk of weight gain. Nitrates are chemicals that naturally occur in some vegetables. They are also used as preservatives in some foods.

2 2/6 Eating nitrate-rich foods, not foods processed with added nitrates, can lower ( blood pressure (/articles/ php), and improve overall circulatory health. This means that nitrate-rich foods, such as beets, are among the best vegetables for people with type 2 diabetes who have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. This is still true despite their high level of carbohydrates (/articles/ php). The key to good food management, in this instance, is to reduce carbohydrate consumption elsewhere, such as by eliminating bread or sugary snacks. Fiber and protein are both very important in a healthful diabetes diet. Protein is vital for good health, and can help people feel fuller for longer, reducing the urge to snack and supporting weight loss. Many dark, leafy greens are rich in many vital nutrients, fiber, and contain protein. Fiber can help control ( blood glucose levels. It also supports healthy cholesterol (/articles/9152.php) levels, can lower blood pressure, and relieve constipation (/articles/ php). Like protein, fiber can help people feel fuller for longer. Many fruits and vegetables, nuts, and legumes are rich in fiber. Best vegetables for type 2 diabetes Eating a wide variety of foods, including a mix of the best vegetables for type 2 diabetes, can help people stay healthy while enjoying a range of meals. Low GI: Vegetables, with GI scores less than 30, include: artichoke asparagus broccoli cauliflower green beans lettuce eggplant peppers snow peas spinach Fast facts about GI values of foods Frozen green peas score 39 ( on the GI index Carrots score 41 when boiled and 16 when raw Broccoli scores 10 Tomatoes score 15 celery It is worth remembering that the GI gives a relative value to each food item, and it does not refer to an amount of sugar. The glycemic load (GL) ( refers to how much a person will eat in a serving.

3 3/6 Nitrates: Vegetables rich in nitrates include: arugula beets and beet juice lettuce celery rhubarb Protein: Daily protein recommendations depend on a person's size, sex, activity level, and other factors. People should speak to a doctor for the best insight on what their ideal daily protein intake is. Pregnant or lactating women, highly active people, and those with large bodies need more protein than others. Vegetables higher in protein include: spinach bok choy asparagus mustard greens broccoli Brussels sprouts cauliflower Fiber: Most people need grams (g) of fiber each day. The American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommend ( 25 g per day for women, and 38 g per day for men. This recommendation varies depending on body size and similar factors. Fiber should come from real food, not supplements. Vegetables and fruits with high fiber content include: carrots beets broccoli artichoke Brussels sprouts split peas avocados

4 4/6 Eating vegan or vegetarian with diabetes Eating a vegan or vegetarian diet can prove challenging for people with diabetes. Animal products are generally the most protein-rich options, but vegans avoid dairy and other animal products. Some of the best vegan protein-rich options include: lentils beans and chickpeas peas almonds pumpkin (/articles/ php) seeds amaranth and quinoa (/articles/ php) sprouted grain bread soy milk A vegan or vegetarian person who has diabetes can eat a balanced diet. Nuts, seeds, and lentils offer high protein, often with few calories (/articles/ php). Healthful diabetes meals Any meal that blends several of the ingredients listed above offers excellent nutrition (/articles/ php). To keep meals healthy and flavorful, people should avoid using lots of added salt, or relying on prepackaged ingredients that are high in sodium. People with diabetes should watch the number of calories in their food, too. Excess calories can turn an otherwise healthful meal into something that leads to excessive weight gain. Some simple, healthful meals include: avocado, cherry tomato, and chickpea salad hard-boiled eggs and roasted beets sprinkled with black pepper and turmeric low-sodium cottage cheese spread on toasted sweet potato slices. Add black or cayenne pepper to boost the flavor tofu burger patty with spinach and avocado spinach salad with chia seeds, tomatoes, bell peppers, and a light sprinkling of goat cheese Avocado, arugula, and tomato are healthful and delicious in a salad. quinoa and fruit added to unsweetened Greek yogurt with cinnamon quinoa seasoned with pepper, or vinaigrette, eaten it on its own almond butter on sprouted grain bread topped with avocado and crushed red pepper flakes

5 5/6 Balancing less healthful foods with more nutritious ones is a way to remain healthy. For instance, eating a cookie or two per week is usually fine when balanced by a high-fiber diet rich in plants. People with diabetes who want to eat well should focus on a balanced overall approach to nutrition. There is a risk that forbidding certain foods can make them feel even more appealing, and this can lead to less control of diet choices and blood sugar over time. Vegetables are just one part of healthy living with diabetes. People should eat a wide variety of foods from all food groups, and consider eating five to seven small meals instead of three large meals. Gaps between meals can cause blood sugar levels to vary a lot through the day. Written by Zawn Villines References Fibre. (n.d.). Retrieved from ( Greger, M. (2012, February 22). Vegetables rate by nitrate. Retrieved from ( Kapil, V., Khambata, R. S., Robertson, A., Caulfield, M. J., & Ahluwalia, A. (2015, February 1). Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: A randomized, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension, 65(2), Retrieved from ( The GI diet guide. (n.d.). Retrieved from ( The lowdown on glycemic index and glycemic load. (n.d.). Retrieved from ( Additional information Article last reviewed by Sun 30 April Visit our Diabetes (/categories/diabetes) category page for the latest news on this subject, or sign up to our newsletter (/newsletter) to receive the latest updates on Diabetes. All references are available in the References tab. Citations Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report: MLA Villines, Zawn. "Best vegetables for type 2 diabetes." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 30 Apr Web. 1 May <>

6 6/6 APA Villines, Z. (2017, April 30). "Best vegetables for type 2 diabetes." Medical News Today. Retrieved from (). Please note: If no author information is provided, the source is cited instead. This page was printed from: () Visit ( for medical news and health news headlines posted throughout the day, every day All rights reserved. MNT is the registered trade mark of MediLexicon International Limited.

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