Efficacy and Safety of Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution in Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome: A Japanese Phase 2 Clinical Trial
|
|
- Jocelin Miles
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Efficacy and Safety of Ophthalmic Solution in Patients with Dry Eye Syndrome: A Japanese Phase 2 Clinical Trial Yukihiro Matsumoto, MD, 1 Yuichi Ohashi, MD, 2 Hitoshi Watanabe, MD, 3 Kazuo Tsubota, MD, 1 for the Ophthalmic Solution Phase 2 Study Group* Objective: To investigate the dose-dependent efficacy and safety of diquafosol ophthalmic solution for the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Design: Randomized, double-masked, multicenter, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. Participants: A total of 286 Japanese patients with dry eye who were prescribed topical diquafosol (1%, n 96; 3%, n 96) or placebo ophthalmic solution (n 94). Methods: After a washout period of 2 weeks, qualified subjects were randomized to receive a single drop of 1% or 3% diquafosol or placebo ophthalmic solutions 6 times per day for 6 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was fluorescein corneal staining score assessment. The secondary outcome measures were Rose Bengal corneal and conjunctival staining scores, tear break-up time (BUT), and subjective symptom assessment. Safety measures were clinical blood and urine examination and recording of adverse events. Results: Fluorescein corneal staining scores significantly improved with both 1% and 3% topical diquafosol compared with placebo at 4 weeks, respectively (P 0.037, P 0.002). There was a dose-dependent effect among the groups. Rose Bengal corneal and conjunctival staining scores also improved significantly with both 1% and 3% diquafosol compared with placebo (P and P 0.004, respectively). Subjective dry eye symptom scores significantly improved with both diquafosol ophthalmic solutions (P 0.033), although there were no significant differences in BUT compared with placebo. No significant differences between the treatment groups were observed in relation to the occurrence of adverse events. Conclusions: Both 1% and 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solutions are considered effective and safe for the treatment of dry eye syndrome. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references. Ophthalmology 2012;119: by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. *Group members listed online in Appendix 1 (available at Dry eye has been defined as a multifactorial disease of the tears and the ocular surface that results in symptoms such as ocular discomfort, visual disturbance, and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface. 1 Dry eye may ensue as a result of failure of lacrimal or meibomian glands on the ocular surface. 2,3 The prevalence of dry eye disease is increasing because of the changes in lifestyles due to increased visual display terminal work, dry room environments resulting from air conditioning, contact lens use, and increased practice of refractive surgery. 4 8 In the United States, the prevalence of dry eye syndrome has been reported to increase with age. The prevalence was 5.7% among women aged 50 years, 7.8% among women aged 50 years, and 9.8% among women aged 75 years in the Women s Health Study. 9 In Japan, the prevalence of dry eye syndrome has been reported to be 10.1% in men and 21.5% in women among visual display terminal users aged between 22 and 60 years in a recent epidemiologic study performed using the same methodology as the Women s Health Study. 10,11 The tear film has been traditionally reported to consist of 3 important components: a mucin layer that coats the ocular surface epithelium, an aqueous layer that is present between the mucin and a lipid layer, and a lipid layer that overlays the surface of the tear film. 12 However, the current belief is that the secreted mucin exists within the aqueous layer of the tear film and that mucins play an integral role in the interactions between the tear film and epithelial cells on the ocular surface. 13 Decreased tear production and alteration of tear components in several ocular surface diseases may result in dryness of the ocular surface epithelium, induce apoptosis of epithelial cells, and cause decreased production of mucin from the goblet cells. The lack of mucins may reduce the stability of the tear film and lead to or aggravate dry eye disease. 14 The 2007 Report of the International Dry Eye Workshop stated that there have been tremendous advances in the treatment of dry eye and ocular surface disease in the last 2 decades, with a commensurate increase in knowledge re by the American Academy of Ophthalmology ISSN /12/$ see front matter Published by Elsevier Inc.
2 Matsumoto et al Treatment in Dry Eyes garding the pathophysiology of dry eye. This has led to a paradigm shift in dry eye management from simply lubricating and hydrating the ocular surface with artificial tears to strategies that stimulate natural production of tear constituents. 15 The workshop report also suggested the possibility that future therapies will focus on replacing specific tear factors that play an essential role in maintaining ocular surface homeostasis such as mucins. is a uridine triphosphate related compound. 16 has been reported to be an agonist of the purinergic P2Y 2 receptor that is expressed in several ocular (including conjunctival epithelium and goblet cells) and pulmonary tissues and is related to the mechanisms of G protein mediated activation of phospholipase C and inositol. At a cellular level, the P2Y 2 receptor is known to contribute to water transfer and mucin secretion In animal studies involving rabbits, diquafosol has been shown to stimulate both water secretion from conjunctival epithelial cells and mucin secretion from conjunctival goblet cells via the P2Y 2 receptors. 18,20 has also been shown to prevent corneal epithelial damage in a rabbit dry eye model. 21 In a rat model of dry eye disease, diquafosol was demonstrated to improve tear secretion and restore the corneal epithelial barrier function. 22 A previous double-masked, placebo-controlled safety and efficacy trial of diquafosol stated that 2% diquafosol was superior to placebo in reducing corneal staining and relieving foreign body sensation. 23 In this prospective, double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 study in Japan, we investigated the efficacy and safety of 2 different concentrations of diquafosol ophthalmic solution (1% and 3%), applied 6 times per day for 6 weeks in the treatment of dry eye disease. Materials and Methods Subjects A total of 286 eligible eyes of 286 Japanese patients with dry eye, aged 20 years, were enrolled in this phase 2 study. Inclusion criteria for the study were as follows: (1) meet the diagnostic criteria of the Japanese Dry Eye Research group, 24 (2) a Schirmer s test I measurement value (without topical anesthesia) of 5 mm, and (3) a fluorescein (FL) corneal staining score of 1 point at the beginning of and after the washout period. Patients were excluded from the study if they had a history of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, refractive corneal surgery, contact lens use, Stevens Johnson syndrome, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, or chemical or thermal burns. Patients were also excluded if they had any other ocular diseases, had any systemic disease or medication use that would cause dry eyes, or were pregnant at the time of this study. Protocol Design This study was a randomized, multicenter, doubled-masked, placebocontrolled, parallel-group phase 2 clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1% and 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solutions in patients with dry eye. The study protocol was designed with a 2-week washout period, followed by a 6-week treatment period (Fig 1). A placebo ophthalmic solution was administered during the washout period. The vehicle of diquafosol sodium ophthalmic Washout period (2 weeks) solution as placebo contains dibasic sodium phosphate hydrate. After the washout period, the patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1% diquafosol ophthalmic solution group (1% diquafosol group), 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution group (3% diquafosol group), and placebo ophthalmic solution group (placebo group). The patients were instructed to apply 1 drop of their ophthalmic solution 6 times daily. Fluorescein corneal staining scores, Rose Bengal (RB) corneal and conjunctival staining scores, and tear break-up time (BUT) examinations were performed in both eyes of each patient, and subjective dry eye symptoms were recorded at each institution every 2 weeks during the study period. The primary end point was set as the change in FL staining score at week 4 (last observation carried forward), and the secondary end points were set as the changes in tear stability, vital staining, and symptom scores at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The incidence of adverse events was also recorded at the same time. The trial was carried out at 46 investigative sites in Japan, conformed to the Tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by the ethical review board of each institution. All patients who agreed to participate in this study provided written informed consent. This study was also registered at gov under the identifier NCT (Web site registration date, August 24, 2010). Ocular Surface Evaluation Treatment period (6 weeks) (weeks) Double-masked 1% diquafosol 3% diquafosol Figure 1. The study protocol was a randomized, multicenter, doubledmasked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 2 clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1% and 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solutions in patients with dry eye with a 2-week washout period followed by a 6-week treatment period. The ocular surface was initially stained with 2 l of 1% preservativefree FL solution instilled into the conjunctival sac using a micropipette. The patients were instructed to blink several times for a few seconds to ensure adequate mixing of the dye. The BUT was determined to be the interval between the last complete blink and the appearance of the first corneal black spot in the stained tear film. The BUT was measured 3 times with a stopwatch, and the mean value of the measurements was calculated. Fluorescein and RB staining were scored according to the protocol described by Shimmura et al. 25 Two microliters of 1% FL or 1% RB preservative-free solution was instilled into the conjunctival sac using a micropipette. In FL staining, the cornea was divided into 3 equal zones: upper, middle, and lower. Each zone had a staining score ranging between 0 and 3 points, with minimum and maximum total staining scores ranging between 0 and 9 points. 25 In RB staining, the ocular surface was divided into 5 zones: nasal and temporal conjunctival, and upper, middle, and lower corneal areas. A staining score between 0 and 3 points was used in each zone, with the minimum and maximum total staining scores ranging between 0 and 15 points. The degree of staining with both FL and RB dyes was scored as follows: 0 no staining, 1 staining of less than half of the corneal/conjunctival area, 2 staining of more than half of the corneal/conjunctival area, and 3 staining in the whole corneal/conjunctival area. 1955
3 Ophthalmology Volume 119, Number 10, October 2012 Table 1. Characteristics of the Study Population 1% 3% No. of randomized subjects No. of subjects completing the study (%) 89 (94.7) 89 (92.7) 90 (93.8) No. of subjects discontinuing the study (%) 5 (5.3) 7 (7.3) 6 (6.3) Reason for discontinuation, n (%) Adverse events 1 (1.1) 3 (3.1) 4 (4.2) Lack of efficacy 2 (2.2) 3 (3.1) 0 Withdrawal of consent by the patient 1 (1.1) 0 1 (1.0) Improper entry 1 (1.1) 1 (1.0) 1 (1.0) Evaluation of Ocular Symptoms The presence of ocular symptoms was evaluated by conducting interviews including symptoms of foreign body sensation, photophobia, itching, eye pain, dry eye sensation, heaviness, blurred vision, asthenopia, ocular discomfort, eye discharge, and tearing. The severity of ocular symptoms was assessed on a 4-point scale from 0 to 3 as follows: 0 no symptoms, 1 mild, 2 moderate, and 3 severe. Safety Evaluations The safety of diquafosol was assessed by recording adverse events, associated symptoms, clinical blood and urine examinations, fundoscopy, visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurements, and slit-lamp examinations. Slit-lamp examination was performed every 2 weeks during the follow-up visits. Visual acuity tests, intraocular pressure measurements, fundoscopy examinations, and clinical laboratory examinations were performed at the first and last visits. Clinical laboratory examinations included complete blood counts (including red blood cell count, leukocyte count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit value, platelet count, and leukocyte fraction), liver function tests (including aspartate transaminase, alanine amino transferase, -glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, total protein, total albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, and total cholesterol levels), blood biochemistry profile (including blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, uric acid, sodium, potassium, and chlorine levels), and urine analyses (including urinary glucose, protein, and urobilinogen levels). Statistical Methods Data are shown as mean standard error. Monocular data analyses of the eligible eyes were performed for statistical comparisons. Primary efficacy analyses consisted of assessment of the statistical significance of the change in the FL staining score at the week 4 end point (primary end point). The maximum contrast method (MCM) was used to evaluate dose-response relationships. 26 Secondary efficacy analyses consisted of the assessment of changes in tear stability, FL, RB, and symptom scores at 2, 4, and 6 weeks (secondary end points). Statistical differences between the treatment and placebo groups were evaluated using the unpaired t test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. SAS software version 9.1 (SAS Inc., Cary, NC) was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 320 patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-four patients discontinued the study during the washout period before initiation of treatment. Five patients (1.5%) dropped out during the washout period of the study because of aggravation. There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline of FL staining scores between dropouts and nondropouts ( points and points, respectively). A total of 286 patients were randomly assigned to the treatment groups as follows: 96 to the 1% diquafosol group, 96 to the 3% diquafosol group, and 94 to the placebo group. Some 93.7% of the subjects completed the study (Table 1). There were no statistically significant differences between the background characteristics of patients in the 3 treatment groups with respect to gender, age, distribution of Sjögren s syndrome in each group, and severity of dry eye disease in relation to the FL staining scores, RB staining scores, BUT, and Schirmer s test values (Table 2). Ocular Surface Findings and Tear Functions Changes in Fluorescein Corneal Staining Scores. Figure 2 shows the changes in FL corneal staining scores from baseline in each treatment group at all follow-up points. The FL corneal staining scores revealed a statistically significant improvement in both diquafosol groups compared with the placebo group at week 4 (1% diquafosol group, P 0.037; 3% diquafosol group, P 0.002). In addition, the FL staining score in the 3% diquafosol group was significantly better than the placebo group at week 6 (P 0.005). Dose-response analysis using the MCM demonstrated that the linear dose response and dose response saturated with 1% diquafosol were both significant. However, a more marked significance was observed in the linear dose response (linear, P 0.004; Table 2. Baseline Demographics and Background Characteristics of the Patients (n 94) 1% 3% Gender, female 76 (80.9%) 85 (88.5%) 77 (80.2%) Sjögren s syndrome 23 (24.5%) 20 (20.8%) 16 (16.7%) Age (yrs) FL corneal staining score (points) RB corneal and conjunctival staining score (points) BUT (sec) Schirmer s test I (mm) BUT break-up time; FL fluorescein; RB Rose Bengal. 1956
4 Matsumoto et al Treatment in Dry Eyes * * * * *P < 0.05; **P < Figure 2. The change in fluorescein (FL) corneal staining scores from baseline. The FL corneal staining scores revealed a statistically significant improvement in both diquafosol groups compared with the placebo group at week 4. In addition, the FL staining score in the 3% diquafosol group was significantly better than in the placebo group at week 6. saturated with 1% diquafosol group, P 0.006) at the week 4 end point. The topical 3% diquafosol treatment group showed the greatest improvement in FL staining scores, which were and points at weeks 4 and 6, respectively. Rose Bengal Corneal and Conjunctival Staining Score. Figure 3 shows the change in RB corneal and conjunctival staining scores from baseline in each treatment group at all time points throughout the study period. The RB corneal and conjunctival staining scores significantly improved in both 1% and 3% diquafosol treatment groups compared with the placebo group at week 4 (1% diquafosol group, P 0.007; 3% diquafosol group, P 0.004) and week 6 (1% diquafosol group, P 0.003; 3% diquafosol group, P 0.003). Topical 3% diquafosol treatment resulted in the most marked improvement in RB staining scores ( and points at weeks 4 and 6, respectively). Tear Break-up Time. Topical 3% diquafosol resulted in the most marked improvement in BUTs, which were and Figure 4. The change in tear break-up times (BUT) from baseline. Tear BUT value showed the most marked improvement in the 3% diquafosol treatment group at weeks 4 and seconds at weeks 4 and 6, respectively. However, no significant difference in BUT was observed among the 3 groups at any time point throughout the study (Fig 4). Subjective Symptoms A significant improvement in dry eye sensation symptom score was obtained in both diquafosol groups compared with the placebo group at week 4 (1% diquafosol group, P 0.003; 3% diquafosol group, P 0.033) and in the 1% diquafosol group at week 6 (P 0.004) (Fig 5). There were no statistically significant differences in the other subjective symptom scores compared with the placebo group. Safety Assessments The most common adverse reactions encountered during the study are listed in Table 3. No significant differences were found between the treatment groups with regard to the rate of occurrence of adverse reactions. The most frequently reported adverse reaction was eye irritation. No serious treatment-related adverse events occurred in any patient during the study. * ** ** ** *P < 0.05; **P < Figure 3. The change in the Rose Bengal (RB) corneal and conjunctival staining scores from baseline. The RB corneal and conjunctival staining scores significantly improved in both the 1% and 3% diquafosol treatment groups compared with the placebo group at weeks 4 and 6. *P < 0.05; **P < Figure 5. Change from baseline in dry eye sensation. A significant improvement in dry eye sensation symptom score was shown in both diquafosol groups compared with the placebo group at week 4 and in the 1% diquafosol group at week
5 Ophthalmology Volume 119, Number 10, October 2012 There were no systemic adverse effects or significant changes in the clinical laboratory examination values according to the blood and urine examinations (data not shown). Moreover, there were no changes in the slit-lamp findings, intraocular pressure measurements, fundoscopy observations, or visual acuity before and after treatment in the diquafosol or placebo groups. Discussion Table 3. Most Common Adverse Reactions (n 94) 1% 3% No. of subjects with 13 (13.8%) 12 (12.5%) 15 (15.6%) adverse reactions Eye irritation 3 (3.2%) 7 (7.3%) 12 (12.5%) Eye pain 3 (3.2%) 1 (1.0%) 4 (4.2%) Conjunctival hyperemia 3 (3.2%) 3 (3.1%) 1 (1.0%) Foreign body sensation 3 (3.2%) 1 (1.0%) Abnormal sensation 2 (2.1%) 1 (1.0%) Eye discharge 3 (3.2%) 3 (3.1%) Several potential topical pharmacologic agents may stimulate secretion of aqueous tears, mucins, or both. Among such agents, diquafosol, a P2Y 2 receptor agonist, is a novel dinucleotide agent that has been reported to promote secretion of aqueous tears and mucins on the ocular surface eye drops have been favorably evaluated in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials in the United States. 23 This investigation is the first prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial in Japanese patients with dry eye, which looked into the efficacy and safety of 2 concentrations of diquafosol after ocular surface washout. The strengths of this study are the lack of statistically significant differences between the background characteristics of the 3 treatment groups with respect to age, gender, distribution of Sjögren s syndrome, and severity of dry eye disease in relation to the vital staining scores, BUT, and Schirmer s test values, as well as presence of a washout, which we believe allowed reliable comparisons among the 3 groups. This trial demonstrated subjective and objective improvements in tear function and ocular surface findings with both concentrations of diquafosol. Initial placebo-controlled trials from the United States confirmed the beneficial effects of diquafosol on ocular surface health in terms of reduction of keratoconjunctival vital staining scores. 23 Our study also shows significant diminution of FL and RB staining scores with both concentrations of diquafosol. Dose-response analysis using the MCM demonstrated marked significance in the linear dose response, with the 3% topical eye drops showing the greatest improvement in vital staining scores at 4 and 6 weeks. Keratoconjunctival staining is the hallmark of dry eye disease that may lead to ocular surface inflammation, infection, scarring, visual disturbance, and various other ocular symptoms. 27,28 The improvements in vital staining scores are consistent with the mechanism of action of diquafosol, which has been shown to stimulate P2Y 2 receptors in rabbit and human conjunctiva, regulating conjunctival aqueous and conjunctival and goblet cell mucin secretion. Of great interest was the improvement in RB staining scores because RB staining of the ocular surface has been linked to the absence of ocular surface mucins, leading to perturbation of the epithelial barrier and dye staining. The improvements observed in RB staining scores in this study provide indirect evidence of possibly increased mucin secretion and improvements in secreted mucin quality with diquafosol treatment. These possible mechanisms need to be investigated in future clinical trials through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for tear mucins or real-time polymerase chain reaction of conjunctival epithelial cells for MUC5AC mrna levels to confirm whether mucin secretion is actually increased. Although 3% diquafosol treatment resulted in the most marked improvement in BUTs compared with baseline and the change in BUTs values in the 3% diquafosol treatment group tended to be higher than the other 2 groups at 4 and 6 weeks, no statistically significant differences among all groups were observed at any follow-up time points in our study. Improvements in vital staining scores might have resulted from increased water secretion from the lacrimal glands or, more likely, from the conjunctival epithelial cells. Schirmer s tests, however, were conducted for inclusion eligibility examinations and were not performed thereafter throughout the study period. Phase 3 trials in Japan are also under way, looking into tear quantity alterations with diquafosol treatment. Dry eye sensation symptom scores also showed concurrent improvements with the vital staining scores after diquafosol treatment. The improvement in symptoms is an important finding because symptoms provide a more integrated view of the clinical condition over time and are responsible for the public health burden and the careseeking behavior of patients with dry eye and their desire for therapy. Clinical and extensive laboratory investigations showed both concentrations of diquafosol to be safe for the treatment of dry eye disease. Eye irritation was observed in 7.3% and 12.5% of the 1% and 3% diquafosol treatment groups, respectively. An effect on patient compliance was observed with 3.1% and 4.2% of the patients in the 1% and 3% diquafosol treatment groups, respectively, discontinuing the study because of adverse events. Eye irritation appeared immediately after administration, but the severity was mild and disappeared soon after. sodium itself is a substance that can cause mild eye irritation in patients with dry eye. All adverse reactions disappeared or diminished to a nonproblematic degree during the study period or after the completion of this study. Future clinical trials should test the efficacy of diquafosol in different types of dry eye disease, including short BUT-type dry eye or severe mucin deficiency dry eye states, such as Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrosis, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, or dry eye associated with graft-versus-host disease. Future studies should also test the efficiency of diquafosol in superiority inferiority protocols to clarify whether single or combined treatments with artificial tears, hyaluronic acid eye drops, 24,29,30 or other tear 1958
6 Matsumoto et al Treatment in Dry Eyes substitutes provide further improvements in ocular surface health, that is, in terms of improvements in ocular surface epithelial damage, tear film stability, or tear quantity scores. In conclusion, this study confirmed the efficacy and safety of diquafosol ophthalmic solution in a Japanese population. A 3% diquafosol solution was tested for the first time and proved to be at least equally and more effective in the treatment of dry eye in terms of reducing staining scores and symptomatology. A further goal of the ongoing phase 3 diquafosol dry eye treatment clinical trial in Japan will be to evaluate efficacy over a longer treatment span. References 1. Definition and Classification Subcommittee. The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the Definition and Classification Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye WorkShop (2007). Ocul Surf 2007;5: Mathers WD. Why the eye becomes dry: a cornea and lacrimal gland feedback model. CLAO J 2000;26: Shimazaki J, Sakata M, Tsubota K. Ocular surface changes and discomfort in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction. Arch Ophthalmol 1995;113: Tsubota K, Nakamori K. Dry eyes and video display terminals. N Engl J Med 1993;328: Hikichi T, Yoshida A, Fukui Y, et al. Prevalence of dry eye in Japanese eye centers. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1995;233: Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BE. Prevalence of and risk factors for dry eye syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol 2000;118: Uchino M, Dogru M, Uchino Y, et al. Japan Ministry of Health study on prevalence of dry eye disease among Japanese high school students. Am J Ophthalmol 2008;146: Toda I, Asano-Kato N, Komai-Hori Y, Tsubota K. Dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis. Am J Ophthalmol 2001;132: Schaumberg DA, Sullivan DA, Buring JE, Dana MR. Prevalence of dry eye syndrome among US women. Am J Ophthalmol 2003;136: Uchino M, Schaumberg DA, Dogru M, et al. Prevalence of dry eye disease among Japanese visual display terminal users. Ophthalmology 2008;115: Uchino M, Dogru M, Yagi Y, et al. The features of dry eye disease in a Japanese elderly population. Optom Vis Sci 2006;83: Lemp MA. Tear film: new concepts and implications for the management of the dry eye. Trans New Orleans Acad Ophthalmol 1987;35: Dilly PN. Structure and function of the tear film. Adv Exp Med Biol 1994;350: Danjo Y, Watanabe H, Tisdale AS, et al. Alteration of mucin in human conjunctival epithelia in dry eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1998;39: Management and Therapy Subcommittee. Management and therapy of dry eye disease: report of the Management and Therapy Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Work- Shop (2007). Ocul Surf 2007;5: Vallejo CG, Lobaton CD, Quintanilla M. Dinucleosidasetetraphosphatase in rat liver and Artemia salina. Biochim Biophys Acta 1976;438: Hosoya KI, Ueda H, Kim KJ, Lee VH. Nucleotide stimulation of Cl(-) secretion in the pigmented rabbit conjunctiva. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;291: Li Y, Kuang K, Yerxa B, et al. Rabbit conjunctival epithelium transports fluid, and P2Y2(2) receptor agonists stimulate Cl(-) and fluid secretion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001;281: C Jumblatt JE, Jumblatt MM. Regulation of ocular mucin secretion by P2Y2 nucleotide receptors in rabbit and human conjunctiva. Exp Eye Res 1998;67: Murakami T, Fujihara T, Horibe Y, Nakamura M. elicits increases in net Cl- transport through P2Y2 receptor stimulation in rabbit conjunctiva. Ophthalmic Res 2004;36: Fujihara T, Murakami T, Nagano T, et al. INS365 suppresses loss of corneal epithelial integrity by secretion of mucin-like glycoprotein in a rabbit short-term dry eye model. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2002;18: Fujihara T, Murakami T, Fujita H, et al. Improvement of corneal barrier function by the P2Y(2) agonist INS365 in a rat dry eye model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42: Tauber J, Davitt WF, Bokosky JE, et al. Double-masked, placebo-controlled safety and efficacy trial of diquafosol (INS365) ophthalmic solution for the treatment of dry eye. Cornea 2004;23: Danjo Y. Diagnostic usefulness and cutoff value of Schirmer s I test in the Japanese diagnostic criteria of dry eye. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1997;235: Shimmura S, Ono M, Shinozaki K, et al. Sodium hyaluronate eyedrops in the treatment of dry eyes. Br J Ophthalmology 1995;79: Hamada C, Kishimoto J. Application of maximum contrast method to biomedical data using SAS/MULTTEST. In: Goostrey S, SAS Users Group International, eds. Proceedings of the Twenty-Third Annual SAS Users Group International Conference. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.; 1998: Pflugfelder SC, Tseng SC, Yoshino K, et al. Correlation of goblet cell density and mucosal epithelial membrane mucin expression with rose bengal staining in patients with ocular irritation. Ophthalmology 1997;104: Feenstra RP, Tseng SC. Comparison of fluorescein and rose bengal staining. Ophthalmology 1992;99: Gipson IK, Spurr-Michaud SJ, Tisdalel AS, et al. Stratified squamous epithelia produce mucin-like glycoproteins. Tissue Cell 1995;27: Nakamura M, Hikida M, Nakano T, et al. Characterization of water retentive properties of hyaluronan. Cornea 1993;12: Nakamura M, Mishima H, Nishida T, Otori T. Binding of hyaluronan to plasma fibronectin increases the attachment of corneal epithelial cells to a fibronectin matrix. J Cell Physiol 1994;159: Tsubota K, Goto E, Fujita H, et al. Treatment of dry eye by autologous serum application in Sjögren s syndrome. Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83: Ogawa Y, Okamoto S, Mori T, et al. Autologous serum eye drops for the treatment of severe dry eye in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003;31: Kojima T, Ishida R, Dogru M, et al. The effect of autologous serum eyedrops in the treatment of severe dry eye disease: a prospective randomized case-control study. Am J Ophthalmol 2005;139:
7 Footnotes and Financial Disclosures Ophthalmology Volume 119, Number 10, October 2012 Originally received: November 17, Final revision: March 28, Accepted: March 29, Available online: June 26, Manuscript no Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. 2 Department of Ophthalmology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan. 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan. Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have made the following disclosure(s): Yuichi Ohashi: consultant for Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Hitoshi Watanabe: consultant for Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Kazuo Tsubota: consultant for Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Sponsored by Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan. Examination procedures were approved by the investigational review board. This work was presented at the 6th International Conference on the Tear Film and Ocular Surface, September 22 25, 2010, Florence, Italy. Correspondence: Yukihiro Matsumoto, MD, Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinanomachi 35, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo , Japan. ymatsumoto8@aol.com. 1960
Therapeutic effects of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in patients with short tear film break-up time-type dry eye disease
Mun et al. BMC Ophthalmology (2018) 18:237 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-018-0910-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Therapeutic effects of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in patients with short tear film
More informationScreening of dry eye disease in visual display terminal workers during occupational health examinations: The Moriguchi study
Motoko KAWASHIMA, et al.: Screening of dry eye in visual display terminal workers J Occup Health 2015; 57: 253 258 253 Journal of Occupational Health Screening of dry eye disease in visual display terminal
More informationEffectiveness and relevant factors of 2 % rebamipide ophthalmic suspension treatment in dry eye
Ueda et al. BMC Ophthalmology (2015) 15:58 DOI 10.1186/s12886-015-0040-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Effectiveness and relevant factors of 2 % rebamipide ophthalmic suspension treatment in dry eye Kaori
More informationThe first comprehensive definition of DED was published in
Special Issue Definition and Diagnostic Criteria of Dry Eye Disease: Historical Overview and Future Directions Jun Shimazaki Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital,
More informationEffect of Oral Pilocarpine in Treating Severe Dry Eye in Patients With Sjögren Syndrome. Tetsuya Kawakita, Shigeto Shimmura, and Kazuo Tsubota
ORIGINAL CLINICAL STUDY Effect of Oral Pilocarpine in Treating Severe Dry Eye in Patients With Sjögren Syndrome Tetsuya Kawakita, Shigeto Shimmura, and Kazuo Tsubota Purpose: The aim of this study is to
More informationSupplementary Online Content
Supplementary Online Content Uchino Y, Uchino M, Yokoi N, et al. Alteration of tear mucin 5AC in office workers using visual display terminals: the Osaka Study. JAMA Ophthalmol. Published online June 5,
More informationImprovement of Corneal Barrier Function by the P2Y 2 Agonist INS365 in a Rat Dry Eye Model
Improvement of Corneal Barrier Function by the P2Y 2 Agonist INS365 in a Rat Dry Eye Model Tsutomu Fujihara, Tadahiro Murakami, Hiromi Fujita, Masatsugu Nakamura, and Katsuhiko Nakata PURPOSE. Because
More informationDry eye syndrome in diabetic children
European Journal of Ophthalmology / Vol. 17 no. 6, 2007 / pp. 873-878 Dry eye syndrome in diabetic children A. AKINCI 1, E. CETINKAYA 2, Z. AYCAN 2 1 Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology 2 Department
More informationOverview & pathophysiology of Dry Eye and the use of cyclosporine eye drops in dry eye...
Overview & pathophysiology of Dry Eye and the use of cyclosporine eye drops in dry eye... This Allergan sponsored session was held on July 24, 2005, Hotel Satya Ashoka, Jabalpur. The session was followed
More informationTopical diquafosol for patients with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction
BJO Online First, published on April 12, 2013 as 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2012-302668 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Itoh Clinic, Saitama, Japan 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of
More informationAuthor's response to reviews
Author's response to reviews Title:Efficacy of 1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium for treating dry eye after phacoemulsification: results from a multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled study Authors:
More informationJMSCR Vol 05 Issue 02 Page February 2017
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 5.84 Index Copernicus Value: 83.27 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i2.155 Prevalence of Dry Eye Diseases in the
More informationTreatment of dry eye by autologous serum application in Sjögren s syndrome
390 Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:390 395 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Clinical science Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan K Tsubota E Goto H Fujita M Ono H Inoue S Shimmura Ophthalmology, Keio University
More information1998 DESCRIPTION Evaluation of Subjective and Objective tests for diagnosing tear-film disorders known to cause ocular irritation.
DEWS DRY EYE: DIAGNOSTIC TEST TEMPLATE RAPPORTEUR A.J.Bron 18 th Oct 2004 TEST Mixed tests TO Ocular Irritation / Dry Eye REFERENCES DIAGNOSE VERSION of TEST Multiple tests DESCRIPTION Evaluation of Subjective
More informationD amage to the ocular surface in Sjögren s syndrome (SS)
1279 EXTENDED REPORT Albumin as a tear supplement in the treatment of severe dry eye S Shimmura, R Ueno, Y Matsumoto, E Goto, A Higuchi, J Shimazaki, K Tsubota... See end of article for authors affiliations...
More informationThe prevalence of dry eye (DE) disease has increased. Dry-Eye Screening by Using a Functional Visual Acuity Measurement System: The Osaka Study
Clinical and Epidemiologic Research Dry-Eye Screening by Using a Functional Visual Acuity Measurement System: The Osaka Study Minako Kaido, 1 Miki Uchino, 1,2 Norihiko Yokoi, 3 Yuichi Uchino, 1 Murat Dogru,
More informationDoes in-office manual expression for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) work?
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282816021 Does in-office manual expression for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) work? Conference
More informationOcular Surface Management in Corneal Transplantation, a Review
CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Ocular Surface Management in Corneal Transplantation, a Review Kazuo Tsubota* *Departments of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, and Keio University School of Medicine,
More information1. Department of Ophthalmology, Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
International Journal of Medical Science and Education An official Publication of Association for Scientific and Medical Education (ASME) www.ijmse.com Original Research Article pissn- 2348 4438 eissn-2349-3208
More informationOphthalmic Immunomodulators Prior Authorization with Quantity Limit Program Summary
Ophthalmic Immunomodulators Prior Authorization with Quantity Limit Program Summary FDA APPROVED INDICATIONS DOSAGE 1,4 Agent Indication Dosage and Administration Restasis (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion)
More informationLaser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis for Patients With Dry Eye
CLINICAL SCIENCES Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis for Patients With Dry Eye Ikuko Toda, MD; Naoko Asano-Kato, MD; Yoshiko Hori-Komai, MD; Kazuo Tsubota, MD Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and
More informationCyclosporine 0.05% Ophthalmic Emulsion for Dry Eye in Korea: A Prospective, Multicenter, Open-Label, Surveillance Study
pissn: 11-8942 eissn: 92-9382 Korean J Ophthalmol 11;25(6):369-374 http://dx.doi.org/.3341/kjo.11.25.6.369 Original Article Cyclosporine.5% Ophthalmic Emulsion for Dry Eye in Korea: A Prospective, Multicenter,
More informationShizuka Koh, M.D. Ph. D.
CURRICULUM VITAE Page 1 CURRICULUM VITAE Shizuka Koh, M.D. Ph. D. Shizuka Koh, M.D. Ph. D. Department of Ophthalmology University of Rochester 247 Meliora Hall Rochester, NY 14627 Phone : 585-275-8675
More informationJMSCR Vol 07 Issue 04 Page April 2019
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Index Copernicus Value: 79.54 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i4.19 Original Research Article Use of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors
More informationTear Mucin Assay Kit (O-Glycan Assay Method)
Product manual (O-Glycan Assay Method) Updated on Apr. 19, 2016 Ⅰ - 1 Background Mucins are major components in tear fluid and apical cell membranes on the ocular surface epithelia. Structurally, they
More informationFinancial Disclosures
March 19, 2015 Financial Disclosures Consultant: Alcon Allergan Bausch & Lomb Modernizing Medicine Ophthalmologyweb.co m Investor: Novabay Ophthotech Ocular Surface Disease Ocular surface disease is often
More informationOriginal Article The influence of long-term corneal contact lens wearing on the stability and quality of tear film in Qinghai
Int J Clin Exp Med 2016;9(5):8416-8420 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0020163 Original Article The influence of long-term corneal contact lens wearing on the stability and quality of tear film in Qinghai
More informationT he meibomian glands secrete lipid into tears, and the lipid
1403 CLINICAL SCIENCE Treatment of non-inflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction by an infrared warm compression device E Goto, Y Monden, Y Takano, A Mori, S Shimmura, J Shimazaki, K Tsubota...
More informationThe estimation of tear volume or secretion is regarded as
Strip Meniscometry: A New and Simple Method of Tear Meniscus Evaluation Murat Dogru, 1,2 Katsushi Ishida, 3 Yukihiro Matsumoto, 1 Eiki Goto, 2 Misaki Ishioka, 4 Takashi Kojima, 5 Tateki Goto, 6 Megumi
More informationEvaluation of Dry Eye: A Hospital Based Study
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 16, Issue 9 Ver. XI (September. 2017), PP 44-49 www.iosrjournals.org Evaluation of : A Hospital Based
More informationBARRY A. SCHECHTER ABSTRACT
JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS Volume 22, Number 2, 2006 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. The Evaluation of Ketorolac (Acular LS ) to Improve Patient Comfort During the Induction Phase of Cyclosporin-A
More informationOptimizing the Ocular Surface. Presentation Title. Charlene M. Grice, Carolina Eyecare Physicians, LLC
Optimizing the Ocular Surface Presentation Title Presenter Charlene M. Grice, Name MD Carolina Eyecare Physicians, LLC Financial Disclosures I have no financial disclosures. I will discuss off label use
More informationMeibomian Gland Dysfunction: What Does It Mean James P. McCulley, MD, FACS, FRCOph(UK)
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: What Does It Mean James P. McCulley, MD, FACS, FRCOph(UK) David Bruton, Jr. Professor of Ophthalmology Chairman, Department of Ophthalmology The University of Texas Southwestern
More informationEffect of Ultrasonic Moisture Glasses on Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms
Article https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.7.5.18 Effect of Ultrasonic Moisture Glasses on Dry Eye Signs and Symptoms Shuhei Onomura 1, Motoko Kawashima 1, Naohiko Aketa 1, Shinichiro Kondo 1,2, and Kazuo Tsubota
More informationHidenaga Kobashi, Kazutaka Kamiya*, Kyohei Yanome, Akihito Igarashi, Kimiya Shimizu. Abstract. Introduction
Longitudinal Assessment of Optical Quality and Intraocular Scattering Using the Double-Pass Instrument in Normal Eyes and Eyes with Short Tear Breakup Time Hidenaga Kobashi, Kazutaka Kamiya*, Kyohei Yanome,
More informationCurrent Practice Pattern for Dry Eye Patients in South Korea: A Multicenter Study
pissn: 11-8942 eissn: 92-9382 Korean J Ophthalmol 14;28(2):115-121 http://dx.doi.org/.3341/kjo.14.28.2.115 Original Article Current Practice Pattern for Dry Eye Patients in South Korea: A Multicenter Study
More informationEvidence for Technology in the Treatment of Advanced Dry Eye
Evidence for Technology in the Treatment of Advanced Dry Eye COPE 44435-AS Chris Lievens, OD, MS, FAAO Evidence for Technology in the Treatment of Advanced Dry Eye COPE: 44435-AS Chris Lievens, OD MS FAAO
More informationREAL-WORLD UTILIZATION PATTERNS OF CYCLOSPORINE OPHTHALMIC EMULSION 0.05% WITHIN MANAGED CARE
REAL-WORLD UTILIZATION PATTERNS OF CYCLOSPORINE OPHTHALMIC EMULSION 0.05% WITHIN MANAGED CARE Tina H Chiang 1, John G Walt 1, John P McMahon, Jr. 2, James E Mansfield, Jr. 2, Susan Simonyi 3 1 Allergan
More informationDiquas (Dry Eye Syndrome)
Diquas (Dry Eye Syndrome) Forecast and Market Analysis to 2022 GDHC187DFR / Published July 2013 Executive Summary Below table provides a summary of the key metrics for Diquas in the global Dry Eye Syndrome
More informationTitle: Keeping Step with DEWS2: Clinical Applications Lecturer: Scott G. Hauswirth, OD
Title: Keeping Step with DEWS2: Clinical Applications Lecturer: Scott G. Hauswirth, OD Course Description: The Dry Eye Workshop 2 was an assemblage of experts in dry eye disease from around the world,
More informationDr.Sushil Kumar Tripathi
Rabamipide:360 Benefits in Dry eye syndrome Dr.Sushil Kumar Tripathi Prevalence of Dry Eye Syndrome: vone in four patients attending ophthalmic clinics report symptoms of dry eye. vprevalence of dry eye
More informationOphthalmology Times Case Study Yasmin Mali, MD. Case Study
Ophthalmology Times Case Study Yasmin Mali, MD Case Study A 57 year old female with presented with ocular irritation and discomfort in both eyes for several months. Patient was previously started on a
More informationDry Eye Disease Is Associated with Deterioration of Mental Health in Male Japanese University Staff
Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2014, 233, 215-220 Dry Eye Disease on Mental Health Related Quality of Life 215 Dry Eye Disease Is Associated with Deterioration of Mental Health in Male Japanese University Staff
More informationIncidence of dry eye in a sample population in Kuala Lumpur
Incidence of dry eye in a sample population in Kuala Lumpur Bariah Mohd-Ali, Leong Set Fee, Haliza Abdul-Mutalib, Norhani Mohidin Vol. 3 No. 11 (November 2011) International Journal of Collaborative Research
More informationBREAKING THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF DRY EYE DISEASE
BREAKING THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF DRY EYE DISEASE In this article, Christian Roesky, PhD, Chief Executive Officer, Novaliq, discusses the underserved condition of dry eye disease, and presents two products
More informationDry eye, a common condition often manifested with visual
Cornea Screening for Meibomian Gland Disease: Its Relation to Dry Eye Subtypes and Symptoms in a Tertiary Referral Clinic in Singapore Louis Tong, 1,2,3 Shyam S. Chaurasia, 2 Jodhbir S. Mehta, 1,2,3 and
More informationLearn Connect Succeed. JCAHPO Regional Meetings 2017
Learn Connect Succeed JCAHPO Regional Meetings 2017 Unveiling Dry Eye Evaluation LOOKING AT DRY EYE DIFFERENTLY: GAINING KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL BY MARTHA TELLO, COMT,OSC, BGS JCAHPO MIAMI, FLORIDA CONTINUING
More informationAdvanced Diagnosis and Management of OSD and Tear Dysfunction
Advanced Diagnosis and Management of OSD and Tear Dysfunction Arthur B. Epstein, OD, FAAO Phoenix, Eye Care & The Dry Eye Center of Arizona Phoenix, AZ, USA Our understanding of the ocular surface has
More informationThe tear film greatly influences ocular optics because it is the
Special Issue Irregular Astigmatism and Higher-Order Aberrations in Eyes With Dry Eye Disease Shizuka Koh 1,2 1 Department of Innovative Visual Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka,
More informationPrevalence of dry eye disease in type 2 diabetic patients and its co-relation with the duration, glycemic control and retinopathy
Al Am een J Med Sci 2015; 8(3):225-229 US National Library of Medicine enlisted journal ISSN 0974-1143 SHORT COMM UN ICAT ION C O D E N : A A J MB G Prevalence of dry eye disease in type 2 diabetic patients
More informationA Randomized Double-Masked Study of 0.05% Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Emulsion in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
CLINICAL SCIENCE A Randomized Double-Masked Study of 0.05% Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Emulsion in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Pinnita Prabhasawat, MD, Nattaporn Tesavibul, MD, and Wannaree
More informationYukihisa Takada, Yuka Okada, Norihito Fujita, and Shizuya Saika. 1. Introduction. 2. Case Presentation
Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine Volume 2012, Article ID 536746, 4 pages doi:10.1155/2012/536746 Case Report A Patient with Corneal Epithelial Disorder That Developed after Administration of a
More informationInt J Clin Exp Med 2017;10(12): /ISSN: /IJCEM Yumei Diao 1, Aijun Deng 1, Jun Wang 1, Jing Hong 2
Int J Clin Exp Med 2017;10(12):16181-16188 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0057229 Original Article Vitamin A palmitate eye gel improves the density of conjunctival goblet cells and the production of
More informationDry Eye Prescribing Guidelines
Dry Eye Prescribing Guidelines Amendment History VERSION DATE AMENDMENT HISTORY V1.0 2011 Comments V1.1 2013 Updated V1.1 2017 Draft Updated Thealoz Duo replaces carmellose Optive in severe dry eye on
More informationDry Eye Assessment and Management Study ELIGIBILITY OCULAR EVALUATION FORM
Page 1 of 13 BEFORE COMPLETING THE OCULAR EXAMINATION, YOU MUST BE ABLE TO ANSWER YES TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: Have you done MMP9? (SVonly) The Following are done at Baseline: Have you done Tear Osmolarity?
More informationA tear in the eye is a jewel.
Long-term use of autologous serum eye drops for the treatment of dry eye disease Munira T. Hussain MS program, CLRA 692 Advisor: Stephen Sonstein A tear in the eye is a jewel. -Arabian proverb BACKGROUND
More informationT a variety of ocular disorders with
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA 1997 - A comparative study of polyacrylic acid (Viscotears@) liquid gel versus polyvinylalcohol in the treatment of dry eyes J. Brodwall', G. Alme', S. Gedde-Dahl', J.
More informationCyclokat (Dry Eye Syndrome)
Cyclokat (Dry Eye Syndrome) Forecast and Market Analysis to 2022 GDHC191DFR / Published July 2013 Executive Summary Below table provides a summary of the key metrics for Cyclokat in the major pharmaceuticals
More informationIn Vivo Evaluation of Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Conjunctival Impression Cytology
Cornea In Vivo Evaluation of Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis Using Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Conjunctival Impression Cytology Takashi Kojima, 1,2 Yukihiro Matsumoto, 1 Osama M. A. Ibrahim,
More informationThe New England Journal of Medicine
The New England Journal of Medicine Copyright, 1999, by the Massachusetts Medical Society VOLUME 340 J UNE 3, 1999 NUMBER TREATMENT OF SEVERE OCULAR-SURFACE DISORDERS WITH CORNEAL EPITHELIAL STEM-CELL
More informationTear Osmolarity and its role in Optometric Practice & Contact Lens Success
Tear Osmolarity and its role in Optometric Practice & Contact Lens Success Nick Dash: Optometrist Declaration of Association Director: See2wiN Ltd (Accuvision/Visual Edge/SportsVision Institute) Honorary
More informationDry Eye Syndrome. US Drug Forecast and Market Analysis to GDHC1115CFR / Published May 2013
Dry Eye Syndrome US Drug Forecast and Market Analysis to 2022 GDHC1115CFR / Published May 2013 Executive Summary Sales for Dry Eye Syndrome in the US The Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) market in the US will grow
More informationA Study of Dry Eye Disorder in Elderly Persons of Western Rajasthan
Original Article A Study of Dry Eye Disorder in Elderly Persons of Western Rajasthan Avisha Mathur 1, Arvind Chauhan 2 Abstract Introduction: Dry eye syndrome is one of the most frequently encountered
More informationIncidence Of Dry Eye Disesase In People Living With Acquired Immuodeficiency Synrome
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 15, Issue 9 Ver. X (September). 2016), PP 41-46 www.iosrjournals.org Incidence Of Dry Eye Disesase In
More informationRecommendations for Dietary Supplement Use for Dry Eye by Ophthalmologists in Japan and Their Personal Use: A Survey Report
Quality in Primary Care (2017) 25 (6): 372-378 2017 Insight Medical Publishing Group Review Article Research Article Recommendations for Dietary Supplement Use for Dry Eye by Ophthalmologists in Japan
More informationDry eye syndrome. Lacrimal gland. Tear duct into nose. 1 of 6
Dry eye syndrome The aim of this information sheet is to answer any questions you may have about dry eye syndrome. If you have any further questions or concerns, please ask a doctor or nurse caring for
More informationDry Eye Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Pearls from the Trenches (2 hours) Mile Brujic, O.D Kensington Blvd. Bowling Green, OH 43402
Dry Eye Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Pearls from the Trenches (2 hours) Mile Brujic, O.D. 1409 Kensington Blvd. Bowling Green, OH 43402 Summary As our understanding of dry eye disease has evolved, so
More informationPrevalence of Dry Eye in Patients Presenting With Symptoms Suggestive of Dry Eye
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 17, Issue 3 Ver.16 March. (2018), PP 07-12 www.iosrjournals.org Prevalence of Dry Eye in Patients Presenting
More informationDry eye prevalence and attributable risk factors in the eastern Madhya Pradesh
Research Article Dry eye prevalence and attributable risk factors in the eastern Madhya Pradesh Pankaj Choudhary, Charudatt Chalisgaonkar, Sujata Lakhtakia, Anamika Dwivedi, Shekhar kain Department of
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Contents METHODS... 2 Inclusion and exclusion criteria... 2 Supplementary table S1... 2 Assessment of abnormal ocular signs and symptoms... 3 Supplementary table S2... 3 Ocular
More informationSCHEDULING STATUS Schedule 4 PROPRIETARY NAME AND DOSAGE FORM
Page 1 of 5 SCHEDULING STATUS Schedule 4 PROPRIETARY NAME AND DOSAGE FORM FML Liquifilm Sterile Eye Suspension COMPOSITION FML Liquifilm Sterile Eye Suspension contains: Fluorometholone 1,0 mg/ml Liquifilm
More informationDry eye after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:1125 1130 1125 Ophthalmology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Y Ogawa M Yamada M Yoshino M Ono H-Y Yang Y Mashima Y Oguchi Keio BMT Program, Division of Haematology,
More informationDry Eye. A Closer Look
Dry Eye. A Closer Look What is dry eye? Normally, the eye constantly bathes itself in tears. By producing tears at a slow and steady rate, the eye stays moist and comfortable. Sometimes people do not produce
More informationKey Words: Dry eye, Topical cyclosporine, Topical viscoelastic
Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Hospital 1, Seoul, Korea Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea Seoul Artificial Eye Center, Seoul National University
More informationConjunctivochalasis (Cch) is described as lax and redundant. The Impact of Conjunctivochalasis on Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs
Clinical and Epidemiologic Research The Impact of Conjunctivochalasis on Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs Priyanka Chhadva, 1,2 Abigail Alexander, 1 Allison L. McClellan, 3 Katherine T. McManus, 3 Benjamin Seiden,
More informationResearch Article Passive Smoking as a Risk Factor of Dry Eye in Children
Ophthalmology Volume 2012, Article ID 130159, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/130159 Research Article Passive Smoking as a Risk Factor of Dry Eye in Children Amany Abdel-Fattah El-Shazly, 1 Walid Mohamed Abd
More informationOCULAR SURFACE DISEASE SYNDROMES WAYNE ISAEFF, MD LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE SYNDROMES WAYNE ISAEFF, MD LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY SURFACE DISEASE DRY EYE DYSFUNCTIONAL TEARS SYND ALLERGIC DISORDERS MEIBOMIAN GLAND PROBLEMS OCULAR IMMUNE
More informationEfficacy of Topical Pilocarpine in the Management of Primary Aqueous Tear Deficiency: An Initial Study
Original Article Efficacy of Topical Pilocarpine in the Management of Primary Aqueous Tear Deficiency: An Initial Study Ma. Theresa B. Urriquia, MD and Jose David F. Marin, Jr., MD Department of Ophthalmology
More informationOVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF OPHTHALMIC DELIVERY USING AQUEOUS-FREE TECHNOLOGY: REDEFINING DRY EYE DISEASE
OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF OPHTHALMIC DELIVERY USING AQUEOUS-FREE TECHNOLOGY: REDEFINING DRY EYE DISEASE Traditional aqueous vehicles for topical ophthalmic medications suffer from a number of limitations.
More informationOverview. NEI Definition of Dry Eye. Prevalence of Dry Eye 2/1/2018. The Dry Eye Story A Real Tear Jerker. Disclosures
Percentage of Responses Percentage of Responses 2/1/2018 The Dry Eye Story A Real Tear Jerker Disclosures University of Houston College of Optometry njoy Vision Center BioTissue, Inc. OCuSOFT, Inc. Shire
More informationDisposable Eyelid-Warming Device for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS Disposable Eyelid-Warming Device for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Asako Mori*,, Jun Shimazaki, Shigeto Shimmura*,, Hiroshi Fujishima, Yoshihisa Oguchi* and Kazuo
More informationOcular Surface Disease. Advanced Treatment in Ocular Surface Disease. Disclosures. Revenue Potential. Chronic Dry Eye Should I Treat It
Advanced Treatment in Ocular Surface Disease Douglas K. Devries, O.D. Eye Care Associates of Nevada Douglas K. Devries Consultant or Speakers Bureau for Allergan AMO TearLab NicOx BVI B&L Disclosures Chronic
More informationQUALITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF VISUAL ACUITY IN DRY EYE PATIENTS
Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Special Issue Series VI: Medical Sciences Vol. 10 (59) No. 2-2017 QUALITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF VISUAL ACUITY IN DRY EYE PATIENTS C. TRIHENEA 1 A. STANILA
More informationAssessment of dry eye status in type 2 diabetic patients in tertiary health care hospital, India
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 13, Issue 8 Ver. IV (Aug. 2014), PP 06-11 Assessment of dry eye status in type 2 diabetic patients in
More informationCornea & External Disease research at Moorfields
Recruiting Research Studies Cornea & External Disease research at Moorfields Moorfields Eye Hospital wants to improve access to clinical research studies for all patients within the NHS and provide the
More informationBreaking the Cycle. Yijie (Brittany) Lin, MD, MBA, Reena Garg, MD New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai
Lin, Garg Ophthalmology Times 1 Breaking the Cycle Yijie (Brittany) Lin, MD, MBA, Reena Garg, MD New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai Abstract A 32 year-old female with a history of LASIK surgery
More informationParacentral Corneal Melting in Four Patients With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Paracentral Corneal Melting in Four Patients With Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Neil Chungfat, MD, MEng 1,2 ; Jocelyn Rowe, MD 1,3 ; Neal P. Barney, MD 1 ; Sarah Nehls, MD 1 The authors have no financial
More informationLearning Objectives. Disclosures 2/2/ BMT Pharmacists Conference Bandage Contact Lens Therapy for Severe Ocular GVHD
2015 BMT Pharmacists Conference Bandage Contact Lens Therapy for Severe Ocular GVHD Tueng T. Shen, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Ophthalmology Adjunct, Bioengineering and Global Health Feb. 13 th, 2015 Learning
More informationUsefulness of a New Therapy Using Rebamipide Eyedrops in Patients with VKC AKC Refractory to Conventional Anti-Allergic Treatments
Allergology International. ;6:75-8 DOI:. allergolint.-oa-65 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Usefulness of a New Therapy Using Rebamipide Eyedrops in Patients with VKC AKC Refractory to Conventional Anti-Allergic Treatments
More informationJMSCR Vol 05 Issue 06 Page June 2017
www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor 5.84 Index Copernicus Value: 83.27 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v5i6.141 Pterygium and Dry Eye- A Clinical Correlation
More informationWorld Journal of Pharmaceutical Research SJIF Impact Factor 5.045
SJIF Impact Factor.4 Volume 4, Issue 4, 66-669. Research Article ISSN 2277 7 Article Received on 22 Jan 2, STUDY OF EFFICACY OF ERANDTAIL (CASTOR OIL) ASHCHOTANA (EYE DROPS) IN DRY EYE SYNDROME. *Dr.Chandana
More informationHELP HEAL YOUR PATIENTS DRY EYES.
HELP HEAL YOUR PATIENTS DRY EYES. REFRESH REPAIR promotes healing of the cornea and conjunctival epithelia, and improves visual performance in Dry Eye patients. REF115081_v2 12/18 FIRST AND ONLY ARTIFICIAL
More informationTherapeutic Effects of 0.1% Tacrolimus Eye Drops for Refractory Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-issn: 2279-0853, p-issn: 2279-0861.Volume 15, Issue 3 Ver. VI (Mar. 2016), PP 44-48 www.iosrjournals.org Therapeutic Effects of 0.1% Tacrolimus
More informationTear physiology in dry eye associated with chronic GVHD
(212) 47, 115 119 & 212 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 268-3369/12 www.nature.com/bmt ORIGINAL ARTICLE Tear physiology in dry eye associated with chronic GVHD S Khanal 1 and A Tomlinson
More informationClinical correlation between dry eye and pterygium: a study done at government medical college Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, North India
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Manhas A et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Jul;5(7):3087-3094 www.msjonline.org pissn 2320-6071 eissn 2320-6012 Original Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20172992
More informationSupplementary materials
Supplementary materials Table S Adverse events identified by participants diary logs and blood hematologic and biochemical tests (n=2) group (n=) Placebo group (n=) P value for chi-squared test Asthma
More informationEyesight quality and Computer Vision Syndrome
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 61, Issue 2, April-June 2017. pp:112-116 GENERAL ARTICLE Eyesight quality and Computer Vision Syndrome Bogdănici Camelia Margareta, Săndulache Diana Elena, Nechita
More informationCorporate Presentation December Two Versatile Platforms Moving Towards Commercialization NASDAQ: EYEG
Corporate Presentation December 2018 Two Versatile Platforms Moving Towards Commercialization NASDAQ: EYEG Forward Looking Statements Some of the matters discussed in this presentation contain forward-looking
More informationMeibomian gland dysfunction
SPECIAL REPORT Meibomian gland dysfunction June 2011 The mere formulation of a problem is far more essential than its solution To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new
More information