Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and hyperproinsulinemia as markers of increased pancreatic ß-cell demand in men
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1 Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (1998) 31: SHBG and pancreatic ß-cell secretion ISSN X 1545 Low levels of sex hormone-binding globulin and hyperproinsulinemia as markers of increased pancreatic ß-cell demand in men A.F. Reis, W.L. Miranda and A.R. Chacra Disciplina de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil Correspondence A.F. Reis Rua João Pinheiro, São Paulo, SP Brasil Fax: Research supported by FAPESP (No. 96/6780-0). Received February 17, 1998 Accepted August 5, 1998 Abstract Key words Insulin Proinsulin Sex hormone-binding globulin Obesity Introduction
2 1546 A.F. Reis et al. Subjects and Methods Oral glucose tolerance test
3 SHBG and pancreatic ß-cell secretion 1547 Assays Statistical analysis Results Table 1 - Clinical and hormone characteristics of the subjects. BMI, Body mass index; DPX, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin. Mean ± SD Range BMI (kg/m 2 ) 28.8 ± DPX (%fat) 24.5 ± Waist (cm) 98 ± WHR 0.91 ± Weight (kg) 91.7 ± SHBG (nmol/l) 38.7 ± Fasting proinsulin (pmol/l) 17.5 ± min proinsulin (pmol/l) 41.3 ± Fasting C-peptide (ng/ml) 2.1 ± min C-peptide (ng/ml) 5.9 ± Proinsulin/insulin 0.2 ± Fasting glucose (mg/dl) 93 ± min glucose (mg/dl) 101 ± Fasting insulin (µu/ml) 15.9 ± min insulin (µu/ml) 62.4 ±
4 1548 A.F. Reis et al. Figure 1 - Relationship between SHBG levels and 120-min proinsulin after a glucose load test in men. Table 2 - Correlations between SHBG and other variables. *P<0.05 (Pearson or Spearman test). For abbreviations, see Table 1. BMI r = P = 0.08 DPX (%fat) r = P = 0.02* Waist r = P = 0.11 WHR r = P = 0.02* Weight r = P = 0.15 Fasting proinsulin r = P = 0.047* 120-min proinsulin r = P = 0.01* Fasting C-peptide r = P = 0.01* 120-min C-peptide r = P = 0.12 Proinsulin/insulin r = 0.10 P = 0.68 Fasting glucose r = P = min glucose r = P = 0.13 Fasting insulin r = P = 0.02* 120 min-insulin r = P = 0.06 SHBG (nmol/l) r = P< min proinsulin (pmol/l) Discussion
5 SHBG and pancreatic ß-cell secretion 1549 Table 3 - Comparisons between nonobese and obese groups. *P<0.05 compared to nonobese (Mann-Whitney rank sum test or Student t- test). For abbreviations, see Table 1. Nonobese Obese (N = 10) (N = 8) BMI (kg/m 2 ) 24.2 ± ± 5.2* Waist (cm) 85.8 ± ± 10.6* WHR 0.88 ± ± 0.03* DPX (%fat) 18.0 ± ± 5.3* Weight (kg) 76.4 ± ± 19.9* Age (year) 30.2 ± ± 2.6 SHBG (nmol/l) 44.6 ± ± 10.3* Fasting insulin (µu/ml) 11.8 ± ± min insulin (µu/ml) 25.5 ± ± 75.0* Fasting proinsulin (pmol/l) 11.6 ± ± 19.0* 120-min proinsulin (pmol/l) 27.4 ± ± 18.1* Fasting C-peptide (ng/ml) 1.7 ± ± 1.2* 120-min C-peptide (ng/ml) 4.6 ± ± 3.7 Proinsulin/insulin 0.16 ± ± 0.29 Fasting glucose (mg/dl) 94 ± 9 92 ± min glucose (mg/dl) 94 ± ± 21
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8 1552 A.F. Reis et al.
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