Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

Transcription

1 Prediction and Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes

2 Helping to defuse the diabetes The number of people in the world currently with type 1 diabetes is around 17 million and increasing rapidly. Already there are hundreds of thousands of deaths directly resulting from the disease. In order to halt, and reverse this rise we need to be able to detect and treat the disease at the earliest possible stage, before physical symptoms become apparent. 2

3 Type 1 time-bomb Although there is still no cure for juvenile diabetes early detection can reduce the likelihood of long-term complications, both improving the quality of life and reducing the costs that result from repeated hospitalizations. PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences methods provide the information needed to allow doctors to prepare for treatment to delay or prevent clinical onset of diabetes. As possibilities for therapy develop, the full value behind PerkinElmer s early detection philosophy will be realized. Global estimates of diabetes type (Million) The number of cases of type 1 diabetes is increasing in almost all countries. 3

4 Genetic Screening to find those at risk PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences probes specific for HLA and non HLA alleles are currently used exclusively for research to discover the genes involved in conferring a genetic risk of, or protection from developing type 1 diabetes. To investigate which alleles are present, the gene segment of interest is amplified from the baby s blood cells dried on a blood collection card. This technique for large scale screening can identify those children at risk and who then need careful follow up. This knowledge increases awareness and understanding in the parents, which will ultimately lead to better care for the child. Products for genetic testing* DQB1 probes DQA1 probes DRB1 probes CTLA-4/INS probes *These products are available for research purposes only. 4

5 DQB1-hybridization assay Blood spot sample PCR amplification reaction of the gene segment of interest B Binding of the PCR product onto the SA-well wash B Denaturation of the PCR-product wash Sm Sm Sm Eu Eu Eu B Tb Tb Tb Hybridization with allele-specific probes Eu B Tb stringent washes Measurement of Eu/Sm and Tb signal 5 Once the DNA in a blood sample is amplified, the presence of particular alleles relating to type 1 diabetes can be determined by a hybridization reaction using allele-specific, short oligo-nucleotides labeled with lanthanide chelates.

6 Autoantibody monitoring to help fight disease onset Once the children at risk of developing diabetes have been identified, they can be monitored to indicate pre-clinical development of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial, autoimmune disease involving the progressive destruction of the insulinproducing ß-cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Approximately 95% of the cells are destroyed by the time clinical symptoms of the disease appear. Before this happens, certain autoantibodies appear in the circulation of around 90% of individuals who will go on to develop the disease. Detecting these autoantibodies to GAD65, IA-2 and insulin by immunological methods can be used to predict onset of the disease. 6

7 Sophisticated data management for type1 diabetes researchers Products for autoantibody monitoring* DELFIA GAD65 Ab Kit DELFIA IA-2 Ab Kit DELFIA IAA Kit * These products are available for research purposes only. PerkinElmer has developed sophisticated data management software specifically for diabetes type 1 researchers. Purpose-designed tool for collecting and managing clinical research data including test results demographics weight & height nutrition infections vaccinations family connections MONITORI?? Many new approaches are being explored in order to find methods of preventing or delaying the onset of type 1 diabetes. Regardless of how future treatment strategies develop, PerkinElmer will have prepared the ground. With its products, those at risk and those showing signs of disease can be identified. 7

8 Worldwide Headquarters: PerkinElmer Life Sciences, 549 Albany Street, Boston, MA USA (800) In Europe: PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Imperiastraat 8, BE-1930 Zaventem Belgium / Turku, Finland, PO Box 10, Technical Support: in Europe: techsupport.europe@perkinelmer.com in US and Rest of World: techsupport@perkinelmer.com Belgium: Tel: France: Tel: Netherlands: Tel: Germany: Tel: United Kingdom: Tel: Switzerland: Tel: Italy: Tel: Sweden: Tel: Norway: Tel: Denmark: Tel: Spain: Tel: Wallac and PerkinElmer are trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc September 2003 Printed in Finland by Offset House Oy Naantali 2003