OPHTHALMIC MOLECULAR GENETICS. Discordant Phenotypes in Fraternal Twins Having an Identical Mutation in Exon ORF15 of the RPGR Gene

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "OPHTHALMIC MOLECULAR GENETICS. Discordant Phenotypes in Fraternal Twins Having an Identical Mutation in Exon ORF15 of the RPGR Gene"

Transcription

1 OPHTHALMIC MOLECULAR GENETICS Discordnt Phenotypes in Frternl Twins Hving n Identicl Muttion in Exon ORF15 of the RPGR Gene Sloni Wli, MD; Gerld A. Fishmn, MD; Annd Swroop, PhD; Kri E. H. Brnhm, MS; Mrtin Lindemn, COMT; Mohmmd Othmn, PhD; Richrd G. Weleer, MD Ojective: To report discordnt phenotypes, resulting from the sme muttion in exon ORF15 (GenBnk AF286472) of the retinitis pigmentos GTPse regultor gene (RPGR) (GenBnk U57629), in 2 presumed dizygotic twin rothers with X-linked retinl disese. Methods: The 2 rothers underwent complete ophthlmic exmintion tht included est-corrected visul cuity, slitlmp iomicroscopy, nd detiled fundus exmintion. isul field recording using Goldmnn kinetic perimetry nd full-field electroretinogrm were lso otined in oth ptients. Muttionl screening ws performed for RPGR ecuse of n X-linked pttern of inheritnce indicted y pedigree nlysis. Results: One rother hd phenotypic expression of cone-rod dystrophy, while the other exhiited X-linked retinitis pigmentos. A 1-nucleotide deletion ws identified in the 3 region of exon ORF15 of RPGR (ORF delA). Conclusions: An identicl muttion in RPGR-ORF15 mnifested distinct clinicl phenotypes in individuls of the sme fmily. Our dt provide strong evidence in support of dditionl modifier genes tht cn produce diverse disese phenotypes in ptients with RPGR muttions. Clinicl Relevnce: The clinicl oservtion of different retinl phenotypes in fmily with the sme muttion in exon ORF15 of RPGR implictes the potentil importnce of modifier genes for the phenotypic expression of this form of X-linked retinl disese. Arch Ophthlmol. 8;126(3): Author Affilitions: Deprtment of Ophthlmology nd isul Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicgo (Drs Wli nd Fishmn nd Mr Lindemn), Deprtments of Ophthlmology & isul Sciences nd Humn Genetics, University of Michign, Ann Aror (Drs Swroop nd Othmn nd Ms Brnhm); nd Csey Eye Institute, Oregon Helth & Science University, Portlnd (Dr Weleer). MUTATIONS IN THE RETInitis pigmentos (RP) GTPse regultor gene (RPGR) ccount for 8% to 9% of X-linked RP nd lmost 25% of mle sujects with simplex RP. 1-4 Most RPGR muttions re detected in exon ORF15, which encodes repetitive glycine nd glutmic cid rich domin of unknown function. 5 The RPGR- ORF15 isoforms re preferentilly expressed in cells with primry cili. 6-8 The high mutility of exon ORF15 seems to e relted to unusul nucleotide composition or to the repetitive nture of its sequence. This type of sequence my dopt unusul conformtions, including triplex structures, which re ssocited with reduced fidelity of repliction. 9 Exon ORF15 contins numerous potentil polymerse rrest sites, suggesting tht rrest my occur during repliction, leding to slipped-strnd mispiring events, s mny muttions involve direct repets. Ptients with muttions in the 3 region of exon ORF15 hve primrily demonstrted cone-rod dystrophies nd milder forms of RP, 2,11,12 while muttions closer to the 5 region re detected in more severe forms of X-linked RP. 1,5,13-15 Muttions in this exon hve lso een shown to cuse cone dystrophy 5,16 nd trophic mculr degenertion. 17 However, discordnt phenotypes within the sme fmily hve not een reported, to our knowledge. Herein, we descrie fmily with 2 mle presumed dizygotic twins in whom n identicl muttion in exon ORF15 resulted in 2 different phenotypes. METHODS PATIENTS AND CLINICAL ANALYSIS Informed consent ws otined from the ptients. The reserch protocol ws pproved y institutionl review ords t the University of Illinois, Chicgo, nd the University of Michign, Ann Aror. A 52-yer-old mn (ptient I-1) reported history of decresed vision in his left eye t the ge of 49 yers (Figure 1). Previous records showed tht t 14 yers of ge his visul (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

2 I I I , ,18 19,21 22, P , , Figure 1. Pedigree nlysis shows the presence of n X-linked recessive disorder in mle memers (indicted y shding). Squres indicte men; circles, women; dimond, person s sex is unknown; dot, n oligte crrier; rrow, prond; the twins, X; P, pregnncy (sex unknown). A B C Figure 2. Fundus photogrphs of ptient I-1 with cone-rod dystrophy showing n re of trophy in the mculr region nd the sence of peripherl pigmenttion. The right eye (A) nd the posterior pole (B) nd peripherl retin (C) of the left eye re shown. cuity ws / OD nd / OS. The fundus ppernce t tht time suggested erly centrl choroidl trophy. Progressive worsening of vision in oth eyes continued therefter. The ptient reported eing extremely sensitive to right light ut hd no sujective loss of night or peripherl vision. Difficulty with color perception hd lso een noted y the ptient. He hd undergone lser in situ kertomileusis (LASIK) procedure in oth eyes 4 yers previously. His medicl history ws significnt for hypertension, which ws well controlled with mediction. His fmily history reveled pedigree consistent with n X-linked pttern of inheritnce. On ophthlmic exmintion, est-corrected visul cuity on Snellen visul cuity chrt ws / OD nd / OS. He could red / OU for ner vision with n 7 mgnifier. On testing for color vision using Ishihr pseudoisochromtic pltes, he ws le to identify only single plte with either eye. Anterior segment exmintion using slitlmp iomicroscopy showed the presence of cornel scrs temporlly in oth eyes from the LASIK procedure flps. The introculr pressure ws 15 mm Hg OU. A fundus exmintion showed grossly norml optic discs nd retinl vessel ttenution in oth eyes. A ilterl ull s eye ppering mculr lesion ws present in ech eye with tpetl type sheen temporl to the mcul (Figure 2). isul field exmintion using Goldmnn kinetic perimetry showed only mild peripherl restriction with the -4-e, I-4-e, nd -4-e test trgets nd the presence of centrl scotom to the I-4-e nd -4-e trgets in the right eye nd to the -4-e trget in the left eye (Figure 3 nd Figure 4). An electroretinogrm (ERG) ws otined using unipolr Burin- Allen contct lens electrode, s descried previously. 18 Stimuli were presented in commercil recording unit (Nicolet Gnzfeld; Nicolet Biomedicl Inc, Mdison, Wisconsin), nd signls were cquired (Nicolet iking I system, Nicolet Biomedicl (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR 8 38 Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

3 e 165 I-4-e e To chnge the side, swing index long this line Left 315 Right Oject 3 Density of filters No I I I Figure 3. Goldmnn kinetic perimetry of the right eye of ptient I-1 showing mild peripherl restriction of the visul field nd the presence of centrl scotom e I-4-e 15-4-e e To chnge the side, swing index long this line Left 315 Right Oject 3 Density of filters No I I I Figure 4. Goldmnn kinetic perimetry of the left eye of ptient I-1 showing centrl scotom nd mildly reduced peripherl oundries. (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

4 A Norml ERG OD Blue flsh Amplitude, µ/division White flsh Time, ms B Norml ERG OD -Hz white Amplitude, µ/division White flsh Time, ms Figure 5. Electroretinogrphic (ERG) wveforms of the right eye of ptient I-1 showing reduction of the mximl drk-dpted response with n isolted rod response within the lower rnge of norml (A) nd mrkedly reduced cone responses (B). Inc). The ptient s drk-dpted -wve responses to short wvelength nd to mximl flsh stimuli were 296 µ (within the lower norml rnge of µ) nd 359 µ (22% elow the lower rnge of norml, µ), respectively. The lightdpted rief flsh -wve mplitude ws 34 µ (82% elow the lower rnge of norml, µ), nd the mplitude for the light-dpted 32-Hz flicker ws 25 µ (81% elow the lower rnge of norml, µ) (Figure 5). The clinicl phenotype nd ERG recordings were consistent with cone-rod dystrophy in this ptient. The presumed dizygotic twin rother of ptient I-1 (ptient I-2 in Figure 1) ws seen t the University of Illinois t the ge of 52 yers. He gve history of impired peripherl vision nd nyctlopi since the ge of yers. Retinitis pigmentos ws dignosed when the ptient ws 12 yers old. His visul cuity t ge 14 yers ws / OD nd / OS; the fundus hd tessellted myopic ppernce. At tht time, non- Gnzfeld ERG ws nondetectle under light-dpted nd drkdpted conditions. Progressive worsening of impired peripherl vision nd nyctlopi, more in the left eye, ws noted y the ptient, nd he reported hving very poor vision in the left eye for the pst yers. There ws less severe sujective impirment of centrl cuity in the right eye. His other symptoms included photosensitivity nd difficulty with color vision. His medicl history ws significnt for sthm, hypertension, nd gstric reflux disese. The ptient s most recent est-corrected visul cuity ws / 1 OD mesured y Snellen visul cuity chrt nd light perception in the left eye with temporl projection. He could red J1 on Jeger ner vision chrt using n 7 mgnifier with his right eye. He hd to of left exotropi. Anterior segment exmintion showed the presence of pseudophki in the right eye nd moderte posterior cpsulr, nucler, nd nterior corticl ctrct in the left eye. Fundus exmintion showed the presence of ilterl optic disc pllor nd retinl vessel ttenution. There ws n trophic ppernce of the retinl pigment epithelium within the posterior pole in oth eyes, with reltive spring of the fovel region in the right eye. Modertely extensive midperipherl one spicule pigment clumping ws lso seen in oth eyes (Figure 6). isul field testing (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

5 A B Figure 6. Fundus photogrphs of ptient I-2 with retinitis pigmentos phenotype showing the presence of midperipherl one spicule pigmenttion, retinl vsculr ttenution, nd retinl pigment epithelil cell trophy in the midperipherl retin, with reltive spring of the mcul e I-4-e e To chnge the side, swing index long this line Left 315 Right Oject 3 Density of filters No I I I Figure 7. Goldmnn kinetic perimetry of the right eye in ptient I-2 showing severe peripherl field loss. using Goldmnn perimeter showed severe peripherl field loss in ech eye to even -4-e test trget (Figure 7). An ERG recording showed nondetectle cone or rod responses. This ptient s phenotype ws consistent with n X-linked form of RP. GENETIC ANALYSIS Blood smples were otined from the twins for the purpose of genetic nlysis. Lymphocyte DNA ws used for mplifiction of exon ORF15 of RPGR using 1 forwrd nd 4 reverse primers s descried y Demirci et l. 11 High-fidelity DNA Tq polymerse (AccuPrime; Invitrogen, Sn Diego, Cliforni) ws used to mplify frgment of pproximtely 1.9 kilose (k). Polymerse chin rection (PCR) regents were 5 µl of the enzyme PCR uffer, nm of ech forwrd nd reverse primer, nd 1 µl of DNA t to ng/µl. The rection volume ws mde to µl with PCR wter. Rection tues were plced in PCR mchine (model 9; Applied Biosystems, Norwlk, Connecticut) nd were run on the following progrm: 94 C for 2 minutes, followed y cycles t 92 C for seconds, nd then 56 C nneling nd 68 C for 2 minutes. This ws followed y 25 cycles t 92 C for (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

6 seconds, nneling t C for seconds, nd extension t 68 C for 2.5 minutes. Further extension ws done t 68 C for minutes nd then held t 4 C. The PCR-mplified products were run on 1% grose gels with 1-k ldder to check the product size nd qulity efore sending the PCR products for sequencing. Sequencing ws performed y the Biomedicl Reserch Core Fcility t the University of Michign. RPGR- ORF15 PCR products were sequenced using the reltive primers s in the referenced rticle. 11 Chromtogrms were red using demonstrtion version of the sequencer softwre to help in identifying the sequence vrints compred with norml sequences. ThemuttionidentifiedinechsujectwsORF delA. This muttion is predicted to result in frmeshift nd premture trunction of the protein. It ws previously identified y Bder et l 15 nd y Snderg et l 19 in ptients with X-linked RP. COMMENT Previous studies 1-6,11-16,19 identified tht ORF15 muttions cn cuse cone-rod dystrophy or n RP phenotype. Our findings show tht even mong individuls of the sme fmily the sme genetic muttion my present distinct phenotypes. In study y Demirci et l, 11 2-nucleotide deletion involving the sme loction, ORF _13delAG, ws shown to e ssocited with X-linked cone-rod dystrophy. A more severe form of X-linked RP ws elieved to e ssocited with muttions t the 5 region of RPGR-ORF15. 2 However, 1 of our ptients demonstrtes tht muttion t the 3 end of exon ORF15 my lso express severe form of X-linked RP, s mesured y visul field nd ERG testing. A similr oservtion ws reported y Snderg et l. 19 It would e vlule to identify the fctors responsile for the different phenotypes tht cn occur with the sme genotype. Our findings in the 2 presumed dizygotic twins crrying the sme RPGR-ORF15 muttion suggest tht modifier genes re likely to significntly contriute to n individul s phenotype. It is possile tht environmentl fctors my lso modulte disese phenotype to some degree. Nevertheless, dditionl genetic nlysis would seem prudent in fmilies tht show intrfmilil vrition in the phenotype of their retinl disese yet crry similr custive muttions. Sumitted for Puliction: June 8, 7; finl revision received July 26, 7; ccepted July, 7. Correspondence: Gerld A. Fishmn, MD, Deprtment of Ophthlmology nd isul Sciences, University of Illinois, Mil Code 648, Room 3.85, 1855 W Tylor St, Chicgo, IL Finncil Disclosure: None reported. Funding/Support: This study ws supported y funds from the Foundtion Fighting Blindness, Grnt Helthcre Foundtion (Dr Fishmn), nd Reserch to Prevent Blindness (Dr Fishmn). Additionl Contriutions: Shryn Ferrr, BA, provided dministrtive ssistnce. REFERENCES 1. Breuer DK, Yshr BM, Filippov E, et l. A comprehensive muttion nlysis of RP2 nd RPGR in North Americn cohort of fmilies with X-linked retinitis pigmentos. Am J Hum Genet. 2;(6): Shron D, Snderg MA, Re W, Stillerger M, Dryj TP, Berson EL. RP2 nd RPGR muttions nd clinicl correltions in ptients with X-linked retinitis pigmentos. Am J Hum Genet. 3;73(5): Pelletier, Jmou M, Delphin N, et l. Comprehensive survey of muttions in RP2 nd RPGR in ptients ffected with distinct retinl dystrophies: genotypephenotype correltions nd impct on genetic counseling. Hum Mutt. 7; 28(1): Shu X, Blck GC, Rice JM, et l. RPGR muttion nlysis nd disese: n updte. Hum Mutt. 7;28(4): ervoort R, Lennon A, Bird AC, et l. Muttionl hot spot within new RPGR exon in X-linked retinitis pigmentos. Nt Genet. ;25(4): Hong DH, Yue G, Admin M, Li T. Retinitis pigmentos GTPse regultor (RPGRr) intercting protein is stly ssocited with the photoreceptor ciliry xoneme nd nchors RPGR to the connecting cilium. JBiolChem. 1;276(15): Innccone A, Breuer DK, Wng XF, et l. Clinicl nd immunohistochemicl evidence for n X linked retinitis pigmentos syndrome with recurrent infections nd hering loss in ssocition with n RPGR muttion. J Med Genet. 3; (11):e Accessed My 18, Khnn H, Hurd TW, Lillo C, et l. RPGR-ORF15, which is mutted in retinitis pigmentos, ssocites with SMC1, SMC3, nd microtuule trnsport proteins. J Biol Chem. 5;28(39): Wng G, Seidmn MM, Glzer PM. Mutgenesis in mmmlin cells induced y triple helix formtion nd trnscription-coupled repir. Science. 1996;271(52): Roepmn R, Buer D, Rosenerg T, et l. Identifiction of gene disrupted y microdeletion in ptient with X-linked retinitis pigmentos (XLRP). Hum Mol Genet. 1996;5(6): Demirci FY, Rigtti BW, Wen G, et l. X-linked cone-rod dystrophy (locus COD1): identifiction of muttions in RPGR exon ORF15. Am J Hum Genet. 2; (4): Eenezer ND, Michelides M, Jenkins SA, et l. Identifiction of novel RPGR ORF15 muttions in X-linked progressive cone-rod dystrophy (XLCORD) fmilies. Invest Ophthlmol is Sci. 5;46(6): Mers AJ, Hiriynn S, ervoort R, et l. Rempping of the RP15 locus for X- linked cone-rod degenertion to Xp11.4-p21.1, nd identifiction of de novo insertion in the RPGR exon ORF15. Am J Hum Genet. ;67(4): Yokoym A, Mruiw F, Hykw M, et l. Three novel muttions of the RPGR gene exon ORF15 in three Jpnese fmilies with X-linked retinitis pigmentos. Am J Med Genet. 1;4(3): Bder I, Brndu O, Achtz H, et l. X-linked retinitis pigmentos: RPGR muttions in most fmilies with definite X linkge nd clustering of muttions in short sequence stretch of exon ORF15. Invest Ophthlmol is Sci. 3;44 (4): Yng Z, Pechey NS, Moshfeghi DM, et l. Muttions in the RPGR gene cuse X-linked cone dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet. 2;11(5): Ayygri R, Demirci FY, Liu J, et l. X-linked recessive trophic mculr degenertion from RPGR muttion. Genomics. 2;8(2): Pechey NS, Fishmn GA, Derlcki DJ, Alexnder KR. Rod nd cone dysfunction in crriers of X-linked retinitis pigmentos. Ophthlmology. 1988;95(5): Snderg MA, Rosner B, Weigel-DiFrnco C, Dryj TP, Berson EL. Disese course of ptients with X-linked retinitis pigmentos due to RPGR gene muttions. Invest Ophthlmol is Sci. 7;48(3): (REPRINTED) ARCH OPHTHALMOL / OL 126 (NO. 3), MAR Downloded From: on /17/18 8 Americn Medicl Assocition. All rights reserved.

Supernormal scotopic ERG in cone dystrophy

Supernormal scotopic ERG in cone dystrophy British Journl of Ophthlmology, 1984, 68, 69-78 Supernorml scotopic ERG in cone dystrophy KENNETH R. ALEXANDER AND GERALD A. FISHMAN From the Deprtment of Ophthlmology, University ofillinois Eye nd Er

More information

Case Report Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy with Atypical Findings

Case Report Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy with Atypical Findings Cse Reports in Medicine Volume 24, Article ID 29696, 7 pges http://dx.doi.org/.55/24/29696 Cse Report Acute Zonl Occult Outer Retinopthy with Atypicl Findings Dimitrios Krginnis, Georgios A. Kontdkis,

More information

Copy Number ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN. Copy Number MYCN DDX1 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2

Copy Number ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN. Copy Number MYCN DDX1 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2 Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer Copy Numer DIPG38 DIPG49 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN c DIPG01 d DIPG29 ID2 MYCN ID2 MYCN e STNG2 f MYCN DIPG01 Chr. 2 DIPG29 Chr. 1 MYCN DDX1 Chr. 2 ID2 KIDINS220 MBOAT2 ID2 Supplementry

More information

Identical twins with borderline lepromatous leprosy mimicking extensive alopecia areata: A rare presentation

Identical twins with borderline lepromatous leprosy mimicking extensive alopecia areata: A rare presentation Lepr Rev (2018) 89, 301 305 CASE REPORT Identicl twins with orderline lepromtous leprosy mimicking extensive lopeci ret: A rre presenttion RUBINA JASSI*, KRISHNA DEB BURMAN**, BHAVYA SWARNKAR** & RADHIKA

More information

Electroretinogram b/a wave ratio improvement in central retinal vein obstruction

Electroretinogram b/a wave ratio improvement in central retinal vein obstruction BritishJournl ofophthlmology 1994; 78: 191-198 Schepens Eye Reserch Institute, 20 Stniford Street, Boston, USA Y Mtsui O Ktsumi T Hirose Retin Assocites, 100 Chrles River Plz, Boston, USA O Ktsumi T Hirose

More information

PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended by the CDC for all your appropriate adult patients at increased risk for pneumococcal disease 1,2 :

PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended by the CDC for all your appropriate adult patients at increased risk for pneumococcal disease 1,2 : PNEUMOVAX 23 is recommended y the CDC for ll your pproprite dult ptients t incresed risk for pneumococcl disese 1,2 : Adults ged

More information

Bright Futures Medical Screening Reference Table 2 to 5 Day (First Week) Visit

Bright Futures Medical Screening Reference Table 2 to 5 Day (First Week) Visit Bright Futures Medicl Reference Tle 2 to 5 Dy (First Week) Visit Universl Action Metolic nd Verify documenttion of neworn metolic screening results, pproprite rescreening, nd needed follow-up. Document

More information

Rhodopsin mutations in a Scottish retinitis pigmentosa population, including a novel splice site mutation in intron four

Rhodopsin mutations in a Scottish retinitis pigmentosa population, including a novel splice site mutation in intron four British Journl ofophthlmology 14; 78: 33-38 33 Medicl Genetics, Deprtment of Moleculr nd Cell Biology, University of Aberdeen Medicl School, Foresterhili, Aberdeen AB 2ZD C Bell A Osborne N E Hites Deprtment

More information

Meat and Food Safety. B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikeman, L.C. Hollis, R.A. Phebus, A.N. Ray, T.A. Houser, and J.P. Grobbel

Meat and Food Safety. B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikeman, L.C. Hollis, R.A. Phebus, A.N. Ray, T.A. Houser, and J.P. Grobbel Met nd Food Sfety Needle-Free Injection Enhncement of Beef Strip Loins with Phosphte nd Slt Hs Potentil to Improve Yield, Tenderness, nd Juiciness ut Hrm Texture nd Flvor B.A. Crow, M.E. Dikemn, L.C. Hollis,

More information

Effects of physical exercise on working memory and prefrontal cortex function in post-stroke patients

Effects of physical exercise on working memory and prefrontal cortex function in post-stroke patients Effects of physicl exercise on working memory nd prefrontl cortex function in post-stroke ptients M Moriy, C Aoki, K Sktni Grdute School of Helth Sciences Reserch, Mjor of Physicl Therpy, TeikyoHeisei

More information

Clinical studies on progressive retinal atrophy in 31 dogs

Clinical studies on progressive retinal atrophy in 31 dogs Irnin Journl of Veterinry Reserch, Shirz University 119 Clinicl studies on progressive retinl trophy in 31 dogs Kelwl, D. N. 1 ; Ptil, D. B. 2* ; Prikh, P. V. 2 ; Sheth, M. J. 3 ; Joshi, C. G. 4 nd Reddy,

More information

Evidence for preserved direct pupillary light

Evidence for preserved direct pupillary light 442 Deprtment of Ophthlmology, Kitsto niversity School of Medicine, Sgmihr, Jpn M Wkkur J Yokoe Correspondence to: Msto Wkkur, MD, Deprtment of Ophthlmology, Kitsto niversity School of Medicine, 1-15-1

More information

The Dynamics of Varicella-Zoster Virus Epithelial Keratitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus

The Dynamics of Varicella-Zoster Virus Epithelial Keratitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Chpter 2 The Dynmics of Vricell-Zoster Virus Epithelil Kertitis in Herpes Zoster Ophthlmicus The morphology of n individul VZV lesion reflects sequence of events triggered y the virus impct on cornel epithelil

More information

MUTATIONS. Mutagens. Point mutations substitutions. Mutations. Sickle-cell disease. Point mutations insertions & deletions

MUTATIONS. Mutagens. Point mutations substitutions. Mutations. Sickle-cell disease. Point mutations insertions & deletions MUTTIONS Mutgens Mutgens re physicl or chemicl gents tht give rise to muttions. High energy rdition UV, X, gmm. se nlogues, intercltors, chemicl chnge inducers. ffect DN structure, se piring, etc. 2004

More information

EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE

EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE Swine Dy 22 Contents EFFECTS OF AN ACUTE ENTERIC DISEASE CHALLENGE ON IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN PORCINE SKELETAL MUSCLE B. J. Johnson, J. P. Kyser, J. D. Dunn, A. T. Wyln, S. S. Dritz 1, J.

More information

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for high-ocular tension

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for high-ocular tension Interntionl Journl of Oesity (2010) 1 9 & 2010 Mcmilln Pulishers Limited All rights reserved 0307-0565/10 $32.00 www.nture.com/ijo ORIGINAL ARTICLE Metolic syndrome s risk fctor for high-oculr K Imi 1,

More information

Ultrasound Energy in Phacoemulsification: A Comparative Analysis of Phaco-Chop and Stop-and-Chop Techniques According to the Degree of Nuclear Density

Ultrasound Energy in Phacoemulsification: A Comparative Analysis of Phaco-Chop and Stop-and-Chop Techniques According to the Degree of Nuclear Density c l i n c i l s c i e n c e Ultrsound Energy in Phcoemulsifiction: A Comprtive Anlysis of Phco-Chop nd Stop-nd-Chop Techniques According to the Degree of Nucler Density Jung Hyun Prk, MD; Sng Mok Lee,

More information

Effect of fungicide timing and wheat varietal resistance on Mycosphaerella graminicola and its sterol 14 α-demethylation-inhibitorresistant

Effect of fungicide timing and wheat varietal resistance on Mycosphaerella graminicola and its sterol 14 α-demethylation-inhibitorresistant Effect of fungicide timing nd whet vrietl resistnce on Mycospherell grminicol nd its sterol 14 α-demethyltion-inhiitorresistnt genotypes Didierlurent L., Roisin-Fichter C., Snssené J., Selim S. Pltform

More information

Assessment of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis. Validity of Including Somatic Items on the Beck Depression Inventory II

Assessment of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis. Validity of Including Somatic Items on the Beck Depression Inventory II Assessment of Depression in Multiple Sclerosis Vlidity of Including Somtic Items on the Beck Depression Inventory II Peggy Crwford, PhD; Noh J. Webster, MA Signs nd symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS)

More information

Summary: American Red Cross-Northeast Region, Dedham, MA; 11 Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; 12

Summary: American Red Cross-Northeast Region, Dedham, MA; 11 Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM; 12 (2000) 25, 385 393 2000 Mcmilln Pulishers Ltd All rights reserved 0268 3369/00 $15.00 www.nture.com/mt The extent of HLA clss II llele level disprity in unrelted one mrrow trnsplnttion: nlysis of 1259

More information

Tales of the Unexpected: Incidental Findings in Ophthalmic Imaging

Tales of the Unexpected: Incidental Findings in Ophthalmic Imaging 62 The Journl of Ophthlmic Photogrphy Volume 35, Numer 2 Fll 2013 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Angel J Chppell B.App.Sci, CRA, OCT-C Jmie E Crig MBBS(hons), D.Phil., FRANZCO Ophthlmology Deprtment Flinders Medicl

More information

Global Intellectual Deficits in Cystinosis

Global Intellectual Deficits in Cystinosis Americn Journl of Medicl Genetics 49:83-87 (1994) Globl Intellectul Deficits in Cystinosis Brbr L.H. Willims, Jerry A. Schneider, nd Doris A. Truner Deprtments of Neurosciences (B.L.H.W.. D.A.T.) nd Peditrics

More information

Health-Related Quality of Life and Symptoms of Depression in Extremely Obese Persons Seeking Bariatric Surgery

Health-Related Quality of Life and Symptoms of Depression in Extremely Obese Persons Seeking Bariatric Surgery Oesity Surgery, 15, 3-39 Helth-Relted Qulity of Life nd Symptoms of Depression in Extremely Oese Persons Seeking Britric Surgery Anthony N. Frictore, PhD; Thoms A. Wdden, PhD; Dvid B. Srwer, PhD; Myles

More information

Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Macular Edema due to Retinal Vein Occlusions: A Comparative Study of 1 mg and 4 mg Doses

Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Macular Edema due to Retinal Vein Occlusions: A Comparative Study of 1 mg and 4 mg Doses Originl Article DOI: 10.17354/ijss/2015/548 Intrvitrel Trimcinolone Acetonide in Mculr Edem due to Retinl Vein Occlusions: A Comprtive Study of 1 mg nd 4 mg Doses Siknder A K Lodhi 1, Sntosh Devulplly

More information

Feeding state and age dependent changes in melaninconcentrating hormone expression in the hypothalamus of broiler chickens

Feeding state and age dependent changes in melaninconcentrating hormone expression in the hypothalamus of broiler chickens Supplementry Mterils Epub: No 2017_23 Vol. 65, 2018 https://doi.org/10.183/bp.2017_23 Regulr pper Feeding stte nd ge dependent chnges in melninconcentrting hormone expression in the hypothlmus of broiler

More information

Study of Stress Distribution in the Tibia During Stance Phase Running Using the Finite Element Method

Study of Stress Distribution in the Tibia During Stance Phase Running Using the Finite Element Method Ksetsrt J. (Nt. Sci.) 48 : 729-739 (2014) Study of Stress Distriution in the Tii During Stnce Phse Running Using the Finite Element Method Thepwchr Ruchirh 1, Tumrong Puttpitukporn 1, * nd Siriporn Ssimontonkul

More information

Correspondence should be addressed to Jung-Kai Tseng;

Correspondence should be addressed to Jung-Kai Tseng; Interntionl Journl of Endocrinology, Article ID 631549, 7 pges http://dx.doi.org/1.1155/214/631549 Reserch Article Investigtion of the Protective Effects of Turine ginst Alloxn-Induced Dibetic Retinl Chnges

More information

NappHS. rrna. transcript abundance. NappHS relative con W+W 0.8. nicotine [µg mg -1 FM]

NappHS. rrna. transcript abundance. NappHS relative con W+W 0.8. nicotine [µg mg -1 FM] (A) W+OS 3 min 6 min con L S L S RNA loding control NppHS rrna (B) (C) 8 1 k NppHS reltive trnscript undnce 6 4.5 *** *** *** *** 3 k. + + + line 1 line (D) nicotine [µg mg -1 FM] 1..8.4. con W+W Supplementl

More information

Effect of supplemental fat from dried distillers grains with solubles or corn oil on cow performance, IGF-1, GH, and NEFA concentrations 1

Effect of supplemental fat from dried distillers grains with solubles or corn oil on cow performance, IGF-1, GH, and NEFA concentrations 1 Effect of supplementl ft from dried distillers grins with solules or corn oil on cow performnce, IGF-1, GH, nd NEFA concentrtions 1 Aigil Brtosh 2, Cody Wright 3, Aimee Wertz-Lutz 4, nd George Perry 5

More information

Patterns of Single Gene Inheritance

Patterns of Single Gene Inheritance M1 Humn Genetics Types of Genetic Disese Ptterns of Single Gene Inheritnce Virgini A. Pllnte, M.S. vpllnte@mcvh-vcu.edu Chromosoml Single gene (Mendelin) Multifctoril Tertogenic 1 2 3 4 A A A 1 2 homozygote

More information

Supplementary information for: Low bone mass and changes in the osteocyte network in mice lacking autophagy in the osteoblast lineage

Supplementary information for: Low bone mass and changes in the osteocyte network in mice lacking autophagy in the osteoblast lineage Supplementry informtion for: Low one mss nd chnges in the osteocyte network in mice lcking utophgy in the osteolst linege Mrilin Piemontese, Meld Onl, Jinhu Xiong, Li Hn, Jeff D. Thostenson, Mri Almeid,

More information

Consumer perceptions of meat quality and shelf-life in commercially raised broilers compared to organic free range broilers

Consumer perceptions of meat quality and shelf-life in commercially raised broilers compared to organic free range broilers Consumer perceptions of met qulity nd shelf-life in commercilly rised roilers compred to orgnic free rnge roilers C.Z. ALVARADO 1 *, E. WENGER 2 nd S. F. O KEEFE 3 1 Texs Tech University, Box 42141 Luock,

More information

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report July September 2018

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report July September 2018 Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July Septemer Introduction Since 17 Octoer 2008, invsive pneumococcl disese (IPD) hs een notifile to the locl Medicl Officer of Helth under the Helth Act 1956.

More information

Geographical influence on digit ratio (2D:4D): a case study of Andoni and Ikwerre ethnic groups in Niger delta, Nigeria.

Geographical influence on digit ratio (2D:4D): a case study of Andoni and Ikwerre ethnic groups in Niger delta, Nigeria. Journl of Applied Biosciences 27: 1736-1741 ISSN 1997 5902 Geogrphicl influence on digit rtio (2D:4D): cse study of Andoni nd Ikwerre ethnic groups in Niger delt, Nigeri. Gwunirem, Isrel U 1 nd Ihemelndu,

More information

ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Accommodative Changes After Photorefractive Keratectomy in Myopic Eyes

ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Accommodative Changes After Photorefractive Keratectomy in Myopic Eyes 1040-5488/10/8711-0833/0 VOL. 87, NO. 11, PP. 833 838 OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE Copyright 2010 Americn Acdemy of Optometry ORIGINAL ARTICLE Accommodtive Chnges After Photorefrctive Kertectomy in Myopic

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION . Norml Physiologicl Conditions. SIRT1 Loss-of-Function S1. Model for the role of SIRT1 in the regultion of memory nd plsticity. () Our findings suggest tht SIRT1 normlly functions in coopertion with YY1,

More information

Agilent G6825AA MassHunter Pathways to PCDL Software Quick Start Guide

Agilent G6825AA MassHunter Pathways to PCDL Software Quick Start Guide Agilent G6825AA MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL Softwre Quick Strt Guide Wht is Agilent Pthwys to PCDL? Fetures of Pthwys to PCDL Agilent MssHunter Pthwys to PCDL converter is stnd-lone softwre designed to fcilitte

More information

Input from external experts and manufacturer on the 2 nd draft project plan Stool DNA testing for early detection of colorectal cancer

Input from external experts and manufacturer on the 2 nd draft project plan Stool DNA testing for early detection of colorectal cancer Input externl experts nd mnufcturer on the 2 nd drft project pln Stool DNA testing for erly detection of colorectl cncer (Project ID:OTJA10) All s nd uthor s replies on the 2nd drft project pln Stool DNA

More information

Genetic polymorphisms in the TERT-CLPTM1L region and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese males

Genetic polymorphisms in the TERT-CLPTM1L region and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese males 1588 Genetic polymorphisms in the TERT-CLPTM1L region nd lung cncer susceptibility in Chinese mles XUYANG XIAO 1 nd WUBIN HE 2 1 Deprtment of Thorcic Surgery nd 2 Biologicl Therpy Center Lbortory, The

More information

Introduction. These patients benefit less from conventional chemotherapy than patients identified as MMR proficient or microsatellite stable 3-5

Introduction. These patients benefit less from conventional chemotherapy than patients identified as MMR proficient or microsatellite stable 3-5 Nivolumb + Ipilimumb Combintion in Ptients With DNA Mismtch Repir-Deficient/Microstellite Instbility-High Metsttic Colorectl Cncer: First Report of the Full Cohort From CheckMte-142 Abstrct 553 André T,

More information

Autosomal dominant cone dystrophy caused by a novel mutation in the GCAP1 gene (GUCA1A)

Autosomal dominant cone dystrophy caused by a novel mutation in the GCAP1 gene (GUCA1A) H j H Q M oleculr Vision 2005; 11:143-51 t" Received 29 November 2004 I Accepted 18 Jnury 2005 I Published 19 Februry 2005 Autosoml dominnt cone dystrophy cused by

More information

AR Rice Performance Trials (ARPT) Color as a Quality Indicator. Functional Property Analyses. Cause of Chalkiness in Rice Kernels

AR Rice Performance Trials (ARPT) Color as a Quality Indicator. Functional Property Analyses. Cause of Chalkiness in Rice Kernels Chlk, Color, n Milling Qulity Trens in AR Rice Performnce Tril Dt Srh Lnning, Rusty Butist, Terry Sieenmorgen, Pul Counce, n Amogh Amrekr 1 Inustry Allince Meeting Center for Excellence in Poultry Science

More information

Severe Gummy Smile with Class II Malocclusion Treated with LeFort I Osteotomy Combined with Horseshoe Osteotomy and Intraoral Vertical Ramus

Severe Gummy Smile with Class II Malocclusion Treated with LeFort I Osteotomy Combined with Horseshoe Osteotomy and Intraoral Vertical Ramus 2013 67 1 5560 Severe Gummy Smile with Clss II Mlocclusion Treted with LeFort I Osteotomy Comined with Horseshoe Osteotomy nd Introrl Verticl Rmus Osteotomy * 56 Shimo et l. Act Med. Okym Vol. 67, No.

More information

Thallium-201 chloride scintigraphy in soft tissue tumors

Thallium-201 chloride scintigraphy in soft tissue tumors 136 ORIGINAL Thllium-201 chloride scintigrphy in soft tissue tumors Hideki Otsuk, Kori Terzw, Nomi Morit, Yoichi Otomi, Shoichiro Tko, Seiji Iwmoto, Kyosuke Oski, Msfumi Hrd, nd Hiromu Nishitni Deprtment

More information

Improvement in Vision Parameters for Participants Treated With Alternative Therapies in a 3-day Program

Improvement in Vision Parameters for Participants Treated With Alternative Therapies in a 3-day Program This rticle is protected by copyright. To shre or copy this rticle, plese visit copyright.com. Use ISSN#178-6791. To subscribe, visit lterntive-therpies.com ORIGINAL RESEARCH Improvement in Vision Prmeters

More information

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT COPPER SOURCES AS A GROWTH PROMOTER IN SWINE FINISHING DIETS 1

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT COPPER SOURCES AS A GROWTH PROMOTER IN SWINE FINISHING DIETS 1 Swine Dy 2001 Contents EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT COPPER SOURCES AS A GROWTH PROMOTER IN SWINE FINISHING DIETS 1 C. W. Hstd, S. S. Dritz 2, J. L. Nelssen, M. D. Tokch, nd R. D. Goodbnd Summry Two trils were

More information

Optimizing Metam Sodium Fumigation in Fine-Textured Soils

Optimizing Metam Sodium Fumigation in Fine-Textured Soils Optimizing Metm Sodium Fumigtion in Fine-Textured Soils Neil C Gudmestd University Distinguished Professor & Endowed Chir of Potto Pthology Deprtment of Plnt Pthology North Dkot Stte University Erly Dying

More information

WSU Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Wenatchee (509) ext. 265;

WSU Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Wenatchee (509) ext. 265; FINAL REPORT WTFRC Project # AH-1-5 WSU Project # 13C-355-3 Project title: PI: Orgniztion: Coopertors: of Sunburn in Apples with RAYNOX Lrry Schrder, Horticulturist WSU Tree Fruit Reserch nd Extension

More information

Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Diabetes Patients in an Ambulatory Setting

Impact of Pharmacist Intervention on Diabetes Patients in an Ambulatory Setting Impct of Phrmcist Intervention on Dibetes Ptients in n Ambultory Setting Julie Stding, PhrmD, CDE, Jmie Herrmnn, PhrmD, Ryn Wlters, MS, Chris Destche, PhrmD, nd Aln Chock, PhrmD Dibetes is the seventh-leding

More information

ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Diagnostic Signs of Accommodative Insufficiency. PILAR CACHO, OD, ÁNGEL GARCÍA, OD, FRANCISCO LARA, OD, and M A MAR SEGUÍ, OD

ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Diagnostic Signs of Accommodative Insufficiency. PILAR CACHO, OD, ÁNGEL GARCÍA, OD, FRANCISCO LARA, OD, and M A MAR SEGUÍ, OD 1040-5488/02/7909-0614/0 VOL. 79, NO. 9, PP. 614 620 OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE Copyright 2002 Americn Acdemy of Optometry ORIGINAL ARTICLE Dignostic Signs of Accommodtive Insufficiency PILAR CACHO,

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi: 10.1038/nture07679 Emryonic Stem (ES) cell Hemngiolst Flk1 + Blst Colony 3 to 3.5 Dys 3-4 Dys ES differentition Sort of Flk1 + cells Supplementry Figure 1. Chrcteristion of lst colony development.

More information

The β-globin nuclear compartment in development and erythroid differentiation

The β-globin nuclear compartment in development and erythroid differentiation The β-gloin nucler comprtment in development nd erythroid differentition Roert-Jn Plstr 1,2, Bs Tolhuis 1,2, Erik Splinter 1, Rin Nijmeijer 1, Frnk Grosveld 1 & Wouter de Lt 1 Efficient trnscription of

More information

Not for Citation or Publication Without Consent of the Author

Not for Citation or Publication Without Consent of the Author Not for Cittion or Puliction Without Consent of the Author AN AUTOMATED SEX PHEROMONE TRAP FOR MONITORING ADULT CM AND OFM AND THE INFLUENCE OF TRAP COLOR ON MOTH AND NON-TARGET CAPTURES Brin L. Lehmn

More information

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy associated with Doyne s familial choroiditis: treatment with thermal laser

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy associated with Doyne s familial choroiditis: treatment with thermal laser E u ropen Journl of Ophthlmology / Vol. 14 no. 3, 2004 / pp. 2 6 4-2 6 8 S H O RT COMMUNICAT I O N Cse re p o r t Polypoidl horoidl vsulopthy ssoited with Doyne s fmilil horoiditis: tretment with therml

More information

supplementary information

supplementary information DOI: 10.1038/nc2089 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 5 PN N1-2 PN H3K4me1 H3K4me1 H3K4me1 2-cell stge 2-c st cell ge Figure S1 Pttern of loclistion of H3K4me1 () nd () during zygotic development

More information

Effect of orthodontic treatment on oral health related quality of life

Effect of orthodontic treatment on oral health related quality of life Originl Article Effect of orthodontic tretment on orl helth relted qulity of life Dniel Feu ; Jose Augusto M. Miguel ; Roger K. Celeste c ; Brnc Helois Oliveir d ABSTRACT Ojective: To ssess chnges in orl

More information

PROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION

PROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION PROVEN ANTICOCCIDIAL IN NEW FORMULATION Coxidin 100 microgrnulte A coccidiosttic dditive for roilers, chickens rered for lying nd turkeys Contins 100 g of monensin sodium per kg Aville s homogenous grnules

More information

SYNOPSIS Final Abbreviated Clinical Study Report for Study CA ABBREVIATED REPORT

SYNOPSIS Final Abbreviated Clinical Study Report for Study CA ABBREVIATED REPORT Finl Arevited Clinicl Study Report Nme of Sponsor/Compny: Bristol-Myers Squi Ipilimum Individul Study Tle Referring to the Dossier (For Ntionl Authority Use Only) Nme of Finished Product: Yervoy Nme of

More information

A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF β CYCLODEXTRIN AND POLOXAMER 407 ON THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF PIROXICAM

A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF β CYCLODEXTRIN AND POLOXAMER 407 ON THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF PIROXICAM IJRPC 20, (3) Chowdry et l. ISSN: 223 278 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY Aville online t www.ijrpc.com Reserch Article A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF β CYCLODEXTRIN AND

More information

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a group

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by a group ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prevlence of Metolic Syndrome in Lrge Integrted Helth Cre System in North Crolin Rohn Mhleshwrkr, Yhenneko J. Tylor, Melnie D. Spencer, Svet Mohnn ckground Metolic syndrome (MetS) is cluster

More information

Association of genetic polymorphisms in DNMT3A with the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy and susceptibility to gastric cancer in Japan

Association of genetic polymorphisms in DNMT3A with the progression of gastric mucosal atrophy and susceptibility to gastric cancer in Japan ONCOLOGY LETTERS Assocition of genetic polymorphisms in DNMT3A with the progression of gstric mucosl trophy nd susceptibility to gstric cncer in Jpn WU JING 1, TOSHIMI OTSUKA 1, MASAKATSU NAKAMURA 1, NAOKO

More information

Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy predicts regression of echocardiographic left ventricular mass: the LIFE study

Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy predicts regression of echocardiographic left ventricular mass: the LIFE study (2004) 18, 403 409 & 2004 Nture Pulishing Group All rights reserved 0950-9240/04 $30.00 www.nture.com/jhh ORIGINAL ARTICLE Regression of electrocrdiogrphic left ventriculr hypertrophy predicts regression

More information

The effect of encapsulated butyric acid and zinc on performance, gut integrity and meat quality in male broiler chickens 1

The effect of encapsulated butyric acid and zinc on performance, gut integrity and meat quality in male broiler chickens 1 The effect of encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc on performnce, gut integrity nd met qulity in mle roiler chickens 1 Astrct This study evluted the impct of encpsulted utyric cid nd zinc (ButiPEARL Z) on performnce

More information

American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and Clinicopathological High-Risk Predictors of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging and Clinicopathological High-Risk Predictors of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Americn Joint Committee on Cncer Stging nd Clinicopthologicl High-Risk Predictors of Oculr Surfce Squmous Neoplsi A Study From Tertiry Eye Center in Indi Sheetl Chuhn, MSc; Seem Sen, MD; Anjn Shrm, PhD;

More information

The Effect of Substituting Sugar with Artificial. Sweeteners on the Texture and Palatability of Pancakes

The Effect of Substituting Sugar with Artificial. Sweeteners on the Texture and Palatability of Pancakes The Effect of Sustituting Sugr with Artificil NUTR 453 Sweeteners on the Texture nd Pltility of Pnckes Jmie Wldron, Rquel Reyes, nd Reecc Legi 1 I. Astrct The effects of replcing sugr with Stevi nd Splend

More information

Using Paclobutrazol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phalaenopsis Orchids

Using Paclobutrazol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phalaenopsis Orchids Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress Inflorescence Height of Potted Phlenopsis Orchids A REPORT SUBMITTED TO FINE AMERICAS Linsey Newton nd Erik Runkle Deprtment of Horticulture Spring 28 Using Pcloutrzol to Suppress

More information

Enhanced Chemopreventive Effect by Combining Quercetin and Green tea in Prostate Cancer

Enhanced Chemopreventive Effect by Combining Quercetin and Green tea in Prostate Cancer Enhnced Chemopreventive Effect y Comining Quercetin nd Green te in Prostte Cncer Piwen Wng, MD, PhD Assistnt Professor, Division of Cncer Reserch nd Trining Chrles R. Drew University of Medicine nd Science

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:1.138/nture17 Men tumour dimeter (mm) 2 Rg2-/- 2 1 2 2 1 Control IgG!-CD8!-CD4 1 2 3 1 2 3 c Men tumour dimeter (mm) 2 2 1 d Ifnr1-/- Rg2-/- 2 2 1 Ifngr1-/- d42m1!ic 1 2 3 Dys post trnsplnt 1 2 3 Supplementry

More information

BMI and Mortality: Results From a National Longitudinal Study of Canadian Adults

BMI and Mortality: Results From a National Longitudinal Study of Canadian Adults nture publishing group BMI nd Mortlity: Results From Ntionl Longitudinl Study of Cndin Adults Hether M. Orpn 1, Jen-Mrie Berthelot 2,3, Mrk S. Kpln 4, Dvid H. Feeny 5,6, Bentson McFrlnd 7 nd Nncy A. Ross

More information

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Carica papaya Dry Root Powder on Lactation of Albino Rats

Effect of Aqueous Extract of Carica papaya Dry Root Powder on Lactation of Albino Rats Effect of Aqueous Extrct of Cric ppy Dry Root Powder on Lcttion of Alino Rts G. Tosswnchuntr nd S. Aritjt Deprtment of Biology Fculty of Science Ching Mi University Ching Mi 50200 Thilnd Keywords: mmmry

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION TM TM tip link horizontl top connectors 1 leucine-rich (21 %) otoncorin-like 1809 ntigenic peptides B D signl peptide hydrophoic segment proline/threonine-rich (79 %) Supplementry Figure 1. () The outer

More information

Supplementary figure 1

Supplementary figure 1 Supplementry figure 1 Dy 8 post LCMV infection Vsculr Assoc. Prenchym Dy 3 post LCMV infection 1 5 6.7.29 1 4 1 3 1 2 88.9 4.16 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 5 1.59 5.97 1 4 1 3 1 2 21.4 71 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 5.59.22

More information

Emerging Options for Thromboprophylaxis After Orthopedic Surgery: A Review of Clinical Data

Emerging Options for Thromboprophylaxis After Orthopedic Surgery: A Review of Clinical Data Emerging Options for Thromboprophylxis After Orthopedic Surgery: A Review of Clinicl Dt Bob L. Lobo, Phrm.D. In four rndomized, controlled studies of ptients undergoing orthopedic surgery, the ntithrombotic

More information

Common genetic variation in the melatonin receptor 1B gene (MTNR1B) is associated with decreased early-phase insulin response

Common genetic variation in the melatonin receptor 1B gene (MTNR1B) is associated with decreased early-phase insulin response Dietologi (2009) 52:1537 1542 DOI 10.1007/s00125-009-1392-x ARTICLE Common genetic vrition in the meltonin receptor 1B gene (MTNR1B) is ssocited with decresed erly-phse insulin response C. Lngenerg & L.

More information

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report. July September 2017

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Quarterly Report. July September 2017 Invsive Pneumococcl Disese Qurterly Report July September 2017 Prepred s prt of Ministry of Helth contrct for scientific services by Rebekh Roos Helen Heffernn October 2017 Acknowledgements This report

More information

The Effects of Small Sized Rice Bowl on Carbohydrate Intake and Dietary Patterns in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

The Effects of Small Sized Rice Bowl on Carbohydrate Intake and Dietary Patterns in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Originl Article doi: 10.4093/kdj.2010.34.3.166 pissn 1976-9180 eissn 2093-2650 The Effects of Smll Sized Rice Bowl on Crbohydrte Intke nd Dietry Ptterns in Women with Type 2 Dibetes Hee-Jung Ahn 1, *,

More information

TLR7 induces anergy in human CD4 + T cells

TLR7 induces anergy in human CD4 + T cells TLR7 induces nergy in humn CD T cells Mrgrit Dominguez-Villr 1, Anne-Sophie Gutron 1, Mrine de Mrcken 1, Mrl J Keller & Dvid A Hfler 1 The recognition of microil ptterns y Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is

More information

Analysis of detection results of thyroid function-related indexes in pregnant women and establishment of the reference interval

Analysis of detection results of thyroid function-related indexes in pregnant women and establishment of the reference interval EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE Anlysis of detection results of thyroid function-relted indexes in pregnnt women nd estblishment of the reference intervl QI ZHOU 1*, YANLI ZHANG 1*, JIANHUA ZHOU

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:1.138/nture1794 BR EPFs BRI1? ERECTA TMM BSKs YDA PP2A BSU1 BIN2 pbzr1/2 BZR1/2 MKK4/5/7/9 MPK3/6 SPCH Cell growth Stomtl production Supplementry Figure 1. The model of BR nd stomtl signling pthwys.

More information

Hyperplastic dental follicle or peri-follicle fibrosis, is. Hyperplastic Dental Follicle Review of Literature and Report of Two Cases in One Family

Hyperplastic dental follicle or peri-follicle fibrosis, is. Hyperplastic Dental Follicle Review of Literature and Report of Two Cases in One Family Puliction Hyperplstic Dentl Follicle Review of Literture nd Report of Two Cses in One Fmily Chun Xio SUN 1, Crig RIRIE 1, Jeffrey M HENKIN 1 Hyperplstic dentl follicle is n extremely rre lesion. The prctitioner

More information

XII. HIV/AIDS. Knowledge about HIV Transmission and Misconceptions about HIV

XII. HIV/AIDS. Knowledge about HIV Transmission and Misconceptions about HIV XII. HIV/AIDS Knowledge bout HIV Trnsmission nd Misconceptions bout HIV One of the most importnt prerequisites for reducing the rte of HIV infection is ccurte knowledge of how HIV is trnsmitted nd strtegies

More information

The RUTHERFORD-2 trial in heterozygous FH: Results and implications

The RUTHERFORD-2 trial in heterozygous FH: Results and implications The RUTHERFORD-2 tril in heterozygous FH: Results nd implictions Slide deck kindly supplied s n eductionl resource by Professor Derick Rl MD PhD Crbohydrte & Lipid Metbolism Reserch Unit University of

More information

Real-world outcomes of anti-vegf treatment for retinal vein occlusion in Portugal

Real-world outcomes of anti-vegf treatment for retinal vein occlusion in Portugal EJO ISSN 1120-6721 Eur J Ophthlmol 2017; 00 (00): 000-000 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000943 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Rel-world outcomes of nti-vegf tretment for retinl vein occlusion in Portugl Sr Vz-Pereir 1,2,

More information

Optimisation of diets for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) broodstock: effect of arachidonic acid on egg & larval quality

Optimisation of diets for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) broodstock: effect of arachidonic acid on egg & larval quality Optimistion of diets for Atlntic cod (Gdus morhu) roodstock: effect of rchidonic cid on egg & lrvl qulity Dr Gordon Bell, Ms. An Blnco, Dr Bill Roy, Dr Derek Roertson, Dr Jim Henderson nd Mr Richrd Prickett,

More information

Computed Tomography for Localization of Intra- Abdominally Dislocated Intrauterine Devices

Computed Tomography for Localization of Intra- Abdominally Dislocated Intrauterine Devices Act Rdiologic ISSN: 0284-1851 (Print) 1600-0455 (Online) Journl homepge: https://www.tndfonline.com/loi/ird20 Computed Tomogrphy for Locliztion of Intr- Adominlly Dislocted Intruterine Devices Esjörn Hederström,

More information

Review article. Key words non specific low back pain, exercise therapy, stretching, motor control. Grade D

Review article. Key words non specific low back pain, exercise therapy, stretching, motor control. Grade D Spinl Surgery 31 2 140 144 2017 総説 Review rticle Astrct Exercise therpy is useful for low ck pin. Exercise therpy ims to improve posturl lignment, muscle strength, nd endurnce, nd lso contriutes to pin

More information

Abstract ABSTRACT #69. Abstract. Introduction & Methods. Methods & Results. Results. Results & Conclusions

Abstract ABSTRACT #69. Abstract. Introduction & Methods. Methods & Results. Results. Results & Conclusions Effects of dietry β-glucn on Growth Performnce, Dirrhe, nd Gut Permeility of Wening Pigs Experimentlly Infected with Pthogenic E. coli Kwngwook Kim, Amy Ehrlich, Vivin Perng, Jennifer Chse, Helen Ryould,

More information

Reducing the Risk. Logic Model

Reducing the Risk. Logic Model Reducing the Risk Logic Model ETR (Eduction, Trining nd Reserch) is nonprofit orgniztion committed to providing science-bsed innovtive solutions in helth nd eduction designed to chieve trnsformtive chnge

More information

CRISPR/Cas9: An inexpensive, efficient loss of function tool to screen human disease genes in Xenopus

CRISPR/Cas9: An inexpensive, efficient loss of function tool to screen human disease genes in Xenopus CRISPR/Cs9: An inexpensive, efficient loss of function tool to screen humn disese genes in Xenopus Frgment nlysis to test the efficcy of CRISPR Cs9 protein is more effective nd less toxic CRISPR/Cs9 provides

More information

% Inhibition of MERS pseudovirus infection. 0 h 0.5 h 1 h 2 h 4 h 6 h Time after virus addition

% Inhibition of MERS pseudovirus infection. 0 h 0.5 h 1 h 2 h 4 h 6 h Time after virus addition % Inhiition of MERS pseudovirus infection 1 8 h.5 h 1 h 2 h 4 h 6 h Time fter virus ddition Supplementry Figure S1. Inhiition of on MERS pseudovirus infection t the different intervls postinfection. A

More information

Receiving family physician s advice and the stages of change in smoking cessation among Arab minority men in Israel

Receiving family physician s advice and the stages of change in smoking cessation among Arab minority men in Israel Fmily Prctice, 2016, Vol. 33, No. 6, 626 632 doi:10.1093/fmpr/cmw090 Advnce Access puliction 2 Septemer 2016 Epidemiology Receiving fmily physicin s dvice nd the stges of chnge in smoking cesstion mong

More information

Paper-based skin patch for the diagnostic screening of cystic fibrosis

Paper-based skin patch for the diagnostic screening of cystic fibrosis Electronic Supplementry Mteril (ESI) for ChemComm. This journl is The Royl Society of Chemistry 2015 Supplementry informtion Pper-bsed skin ptch for the dignostic screening of cystic fibrosis Xun Mu,*

More information

Appendix J Environmental Justice Populations

Appendix J Environmental Justice Populations Appendix J Environmentl Justice s [This pge intentionlly left blnk] Tble of Contents REFERENCES...J-2 Pge LIST OF TABLES Pge Tble J-1: Demogrphic Overview of Bruinsburg Site Project Are... J-3 Tble J-2:

More information

Nicholas James Boddicker Iowa State University. Dorian J. Garrick Iowa State University, Raymond Rowland Kansas State University

Nicholas James Boddicker Iowa State University. Dorian J. Garrick Iowa State University, Raymond Rowland Kansas State University Animl Science Pulictions Animl Science 2-2014 Vlidtion nd Further Chrcteriztion of Mjor Quntittive Trit Locus Associted with Host Response to Experimentl Infection with Porcine Reproductive nd Respirtory

More information

Factor XIII Deficiency (Fibrin Stabilizing Factor Deficiency)

Factor XIII Deficiency (Fibrin Stabilizing Factor Deficiency) Helthline VOLUME 18 Corm s Continuing Eduction Progrm Fctor XIII Deficiency (Firin Stilizing Fctor Deficiency) Fctor XIII (FXIII) is protein mde y the ody tht stilizes the formtion of lood clot. When FXIII

More information

N. J. Boddicker*, D. J. Garrick*, R. R. R. Rowland, J. K. Lunney, J. M. Reecy* and J. C. M. Dekkers* Summary. Introduction. doi: /age.

N. J. Boddicker*, D. J. Garrick*, R. R. R. Rowland, J. K. Lunney, J. M. Reecy* and J. C. M. Dekkers* Summary. Introduction. doi: /age. Vlidtion nd further chrcteriztion of mjor quntittive trit locus ssocited with host response to experimentl infection with porcine reproductive nd respirtory syndrome virus N. J. Boddicker*, D. J. Grrick*,

More information

Visualization of Stent Lumen in MR Imaging: Relationship with Stent Design and RF Direction

Visualization of Stent Lumen in MR Imaging: Relationship with Stent Design and RF Direction 0 66 0 Visuliztion of Stent Lumen in MR Imging: Reltionship with Stent Design nd RF Direction,*,c d e f f c d e 0 66 ʼ ʼ ʼʼ ʼʼ ʼ ʼ ʼ ʼ ʼ ʼ ʼ ʼʼ ʼ June 0 Visuliztion of Stent Lumen in MR Imging Stent Stent

More information

Recall Bias in Childhood Atopic Diseases Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study

Recall Bias in Childhood Atopic Diseases Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study Syddnsk Universitet Recll Bis in Childhood Atopic Diseses Among Adults in The Odense Adolescence Cohort Study Mørtz, Chrlotte G; Andersen, Klus Ejner; Bindslev-Jensen, Crsten Published in: Act Dermto-Venereologic

More information

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION DOI: 10.1038/nc2824 Hcn4 Tx5 Mlc2 c Hcn4- ISH d Tx5- ISH e Mlc2-ISH Hcn4-ISH f e Tx5-ISH f -ISH Figure S1 Section in situ hyridistion nlysis of crescent stge mouse emryos (E7.5). () More nterior section

More information

Arthroscopic Anatomy of Shoulder

Arthroscopic Anatomy of Shoulder Arthroscopic Antomy of Shoulder Murt Bozkurt, Mehmet Emin Simsek, nd Hlil İrhim Açr 2 2.1 Introduction In the lst 30 yers, shoulder rthroscopy hs ecome of greter importnce in the dignosis nd tretment of

More information