suspected KPC and other carbapenemase producers among species of Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)- ANLIS Dr. Carlos G.
|
|
- Drusilla Joseph
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 1 December 0 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:./jcm.0- Copyright 0, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved. 1 Can we use imipenem and meropenem VITEK MICs for the detection of suspected KPC and other carbapenemase producers among species of Enterobacteriaceae? Running Title: Detection of carbapenemases with VITEK Authors: Fernando Pasteran 1, Celeste Lucero 1, Rolando Soloaga, Melina Rapoport 1, and Alejandra Corso 1 Author s affiliation: 1 Servicio Antimicrobianos, Departamento Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI)- ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Ministerio de Salud y Ambiente de la Nación, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Naval Buenos Aires Cirujano Mayor Dr. Pedro Mallo, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Address of the Institution at which the work was performed: Servicio Antimicrobianos, INEI-ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Av. Velez Sarsfield (C1AFF), Buenos Aires, Argentina. Corresponding author: Alejandra Corso Address: Servicio Antimicrobianos, INEI - ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Velez Sarsfield Ave. (C1AFF), Buenos Aires, Argentina. acorso@anlis.gov.ar Phone/FAX: Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
2 ABSTRACT Imipenem and meropenem VITEK MICs were evaluated against a panel of Enterobacteriaceae for identification of carbapenemase producers. The sensitivity and specificity values for the new CLSI interpretative criteria (M0-S0-U) were: %/% for imipenem and %/% for meropenem, respectively. We propose an algorithm that is highly sensitive (%) and specific (%) for carbapenemase screening based on the combined use of imipenem and meropenem MICs. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
3 Carbapenems are increasingly utilized as drugs of last resort against a variety of infections due to the emergence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-(esbl)- producing Enterobacteriaceae (). The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is therefore worrisome as the antimicrobial armamentarium is consequently restricted (, 1). Resistance to carbapenems in Enterobacteriaceae could be related to carbapenemases or to a dual mechanism associating an outer membrane permeability defect and β-lactamases such as AmpC cephalosporinase and ESBL, particularly the presence of CTX-M variants (-, 1, 1,, ). The vast majority of acquired carbapenemases belong to three of the four known classes of β-lactamases, namely Ambler class A (KPC, Sme, NMC-A, IMI and some allelic variants of the GES/IBC enzymes), Ambler class B (metallo- β-lactamases, MBLs), and Ambler class D (oxacillinases, OXAs) (). The location of carbapenemase genes on highly mobile genetic elements has contributed to their rapid spread and the frequent cotransfer of multiple other antibiotic resistance factors (, 1, 1). The ability to limit the spread of carbapenemase producers will require effective laboratory screening methods to rapidly identify patients infected with these organisms. Automated antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems, such as VITEK (biomérieux, Marcr LÈtoile, France), are commonly used in microbiology laboratories to decrease the laboratory turn-around-time. However, several reports have questioned the ability of VITEK to identify carbapenemase producers (1,, 1,, ). Previous reports suggest an ertapenem MIC.0 µg/ml (formerly, an ertapenem resistance result; ) as the most accurate way to detect KPC carbapenemase (, 1). In Argentina, among several other countries with endemic CTX-M, a large proportion of nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae display ertapenem resistance (about %, 1%, 0%, % of the Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii and Enterobacter spp., respectively, WHONET- Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
4 Argentina Network, n=.1), although most of them did not produce carbapenemases by molecular methods. The selection of CTX-M--producing mutants with porin loss was responsible for this ertapenem resistance. Using ertapenem and meropenem as indicators (MICs µg/ml and µg/ml, respectively), the VITEK was not able to differentiate true resistance mediated by carbapenemases from that mediated by AmpC cephalosporinases and ESBLs in combination with an outer membrane permeability defect, largely overestimating carbapenemase producers (). Therefore, in areas where these alternative mechanisms of carbapenem resistance are common, the use of indicators with such low specificity could significantly delay the identification of patients infected with true carbapenemases, affecting the appropriate infection control policies. In addition, the need to confirm a larger number of strains could also cause an increase in the lab costs. For these reasons, it is necessary to find a screening strategy based on the use of carbapenems other than ertapenem for a more accurate identification of suspicious isolates with true carbapenemases. In addition, many VITEK cards do not contain ertapenem, therefore, having an alternative strategy for carbapenemase screening also benefit users of these models. The Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recently changed the susceptibility breakpoint for meropenem, imipenem, and doripenem to 1.0 µg/ml and the ertapenem susceptible cutoff was modified to 0. µg/ml (M-0S-0-U) (). While the resistant breakpoints were moved to µg/ml for imipenem, meropenem and doripenen and 1 µg/ml for ertapenem. Detection of carbapenemase producers by VITEK based on these new susceptibility breakpoints has not been evaluated so far. Herein, we evaluated the ability of VITEK to screen carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae using imipenem and meropenem MICs and the updated CLSI breakpoints. We also assessed the capability of these carbapenems to distinguish true Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
5 carbapenemases from carbapenem resistance resulting from combinations of impermeability and AmpC or an ESBL. In addition, we propose an algorithm that will help clinical laboratories to detect true resistance mediated by carbapenemase producers in scenarios with high baseline resistance to ertapenem due to non-carbapenemase mechanisms (The findings of this study were partly presented at the 1th International Congress on Infectious Diseases, abstr. 1, 0) A panel of genotypically characterized Enterobacteriaceae (n=) composed of diverse bacterial genera with distinct carbapenem susceptibility patterns were included in this study. The genotypes of the isolates were characterized previously (1, ) by PCR for bla VIM, bla IMP, bla SPM, bla KPC, bla Sme, bla OXAs (subgroups I, II and III as defined in reference ), bla OXA-, bla IMI/NMC-A, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla PER, bla SHV, bla AmpC. In addition, to exclude the possible presence of other not yet described carbapenemases among the negative control panel, imipenemase activity of cell-free extracts from overnight broth culture was determined by spectrophotometric assays (1). Outer membrane protein detection was performed by SDS-PAGE among ertapenem resistant carbapenemase nonproducers. () AmpC hyperproduction was initially screened by isolectric focusing (IEF) using a substrate-base development method. Crude extracts with positive AmpC IEF bands and in situ inhibition with oxacillin (1 mm) were subjected to spectrophotometric analysis as describe previously (). The carbapenemases represented were: KPC ( K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, C. freundii, 1 E. coli, 1 Serratia marcescens, Salmonella), Sme ( S. marcescens), IMI/NMC-A ( E. cloacae), GES ( K. pneumoniae, 1 E. agglomerans), OXA-1, a novel carbapenemase closely related to OXA-, with an extended activity to expanded- Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
6 spectrum cephalosporins ( K. pneumoniae, 1 E. cloacae) (), IMP- (1 E. cloacae) and VIM- (K. pneumoniae, 1 E. cloacae, 1 Providencia retgeri). The carbapenemase nonproducers were (n=): K. pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, 1 E. coli, 1 K. oxytoca and 1 P. penneri isolates with diverse ESBLs (CTX-M-, CTX-M-, CTX-M- 1, PER-, SHV- or SHV-1), K. pneumoniae isolates with CTX-M- and porin loss, E. cloacae isolates with hyperproduction of AmpC plus porin loss, E. cloacae and 1 C. freundii isolates with hyperproduction of AmpC, S. marcescens isolates with inducible AmpC and ESBLs (CTX-M-) plus porin loss, E.cloacae, C. freundii, 1 S. marcescens, 1 Morganella morganii and 1 P. stuartii isolates with inducible AmpC with inducible expression, K. pneumoniae, 1 E. coli, 1 P. mirabilis and 1 Shigella flexneri with diverse plasmidic AmpCs (CMY, AAC-1, DHA-1 or FOX-), 1. E. coli and 1 C. koseri isolates with penicillinases, and, E. coli, 1 E. cloacae and 1 Samonella sp. quality control strains. By using agar dilution, we determined that % and % of the carbapenemase producers and nonproducers, respectively, were non-susceptible to ertapenem. Strains were subcultured twice before testing. The isolates were from clinical source (with the exception of the quality control strains and two Salmonella with KPC that were obtained by conjugation assays) and they were single isolates from each patient. All the isolates corresponded to different clonal types as revealed by PFGE, with the exception of K. pneumoniae possessing KPCs (strains were divided into six pulse types). Isolates of the major PFGE pattern of K. pneumoniae possessing KPC (0% of the strains) corresponded to the molecular type ST (1). Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest The MICs of carbapenems were determined in duplicate by VITEK using the AST- N0 card, which included imipenem (range 1-1 µg/ml) and meropenem (0.-1 µg/ml), according to the manufacturer's instructions. Inoculums were adjusted to the
7 required optical density using the VITEK Densi-Check. Plate counts of representative samples were analyzed to corroborate the compliance with the required inoculum size We evaluated two criteria for carbapenemase screening using VITEK : (i) we assessed the ability of the Advanced Expert System (AES), a software that uses the antimicrobial susceptibility results to suggest a presumed mechanism of resistance of the tested isolate; ii) we analyzed the carbapenem susceptibility results to identify isolates suspected of carbapenemase production. The VITEK AES compares each MIC result of the tested isolate with the modal MIC distribution of bacteria with known resistance mechanisms included in the database. Based on this comparison, the system indicates the potential presence of carbapenemases. (It is required that, at least, all but one of the MICs obtained for the tested strains fit the modal distribution of the presumed resistance mechanism). The AES software predicted the presence of carbapenemases in / (%) of carbapenemase producers (the highest efficiency for OXA-1 with 0% of correct detection, followed by KPCs with %, Sme %, other class A carbapenemases 0% and MBLs %). The AES offered no interpretation (isolates were erroneously reported with an inconsistent result) for carbapenemase producers ( S. marcescens isolates with Sme, E. cloacae with IMI/NMC-A, 1 E. agglomerans with GES, 1 K. pneumoniae and 1 P. retgeri with VIM and 1 E. coli and 1 S. marcescens with KPC), even though all of them were resistant to imipenem (MICs µg/ml). The remaining carbapenemase producers ( K. pneumoniae isolates with KPC, 1 K. pneumoniae with KPC plus PER-, 1 S. marcescens with Sme plus CTX-M- and 1 K. pneumoniae with VIM plus CTX-M-) were inferred by the AES to have ESBL production alone or in combination with impermeability. Nine out of (1%) isolates without true Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
8 carbapenemases (all nine isolates with permeability defects, with CTX-M- and with AmpC) were also inferred to produce a carbapenemase giving % specificity To address the usefulness of the second criteria, the VITEK MIC s of the isolates were defined as susceptible, intermediate and resistant to imipenem and meropenem according to the updated 0 CLSI breakpoints (). Intermediate susceptibility or resistance (a carbapenem MIC µg/ml) was detected in % and % of the carbapenemase producers with imipenem (Figure 1a) and meropenem (Figure 1b), respectively. Strains that remained susceptible to at least one of the carbapenem tested (MIC 1 µg/ml) were: 1 K. pneumoniae isolate (VIM) with imipenem (Figure 1a) and K. pneumoniae ( KPC and 1 VIM), S. marcescens (Sme), 1 E. coli (KPC) and 1 E. cloacae (KPC) isolates with meropenem (Figure 1b). Only the K. pneumoniae isolate with VIM retained susceptibility to both carbapenems (Figure 1a and 1b). Intermediate susceptibility or resistance (a carbapenem MIC µg/ml) was also detected in 1% and 1% of the carbapenemase nonproducers with imipenem (Proteae members were excluded because these isolates have naturally elevated imipenem MICs as shown in Figure 1a) and meropenem (Figure 1b), respectively. Strains that showed MICs in the non-susceptible categories were: E. cloacae (with AmpC plus porin loss) isolates with imipenem (Figure 1a), K. pneumoniae (CTX-M- plus porin loss), S. marcescens (CTX-M- plus porin loss) and 1 E. cloacae (AmpC) isolates with meropenem (Figure 1b), and E. cloacae (AmpC plus porin loss) and 1 K. pneumoniae (CTX-M- plus porin loss) isolates with both carbapenems (Figure 1a and 1b). Thus, the recently approved CLSI breakpoints for meropenem and imipenem, which define nonsusceptibility by a MIC µg/ml, increased the capture of carbapenemase producers, especially with imipenem. However, these changes also enhanced the poor ability of the Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
9 commercial system to distinguish carbapenemase producers from isolates with an ESBL and/or AmpC combined with porin loss resulting in poor specificity (Figure 1a and 1b). Thus, we explored other screening cutoff points for a more specific detection of suspected carbapenemases by VITEK, while retaining the highest possible sensitivity. As the overlap in the MICs for isolates with these contrasting resistance mechanisms mostly involved only one of the two carbapenems tested, we explored a screening strategy based on the combined use of imipenem and meropenem MICs. As shown in the figure 1c, almost all of the carbapenemase producers (with the exception of 1 K. pneumoniae isolate with VIM-) showed simultaneously an imipenem MIC µg/ml and a meropenem MIC 1 µg/ml. Conversely, most of the strains with alternative carbapenem resistant mechanisms, including the proteae members, had at least one carbapenem MIC below these cutoff values (an imipenem MIC 1 µg/ml or a meropenem MIC 0. µg/ml). Only 1 K. pneumoniae isolate (CTX-M- plus porin loss) and E. cloacae isolates (AmpC plus porin loss) displayed MICs µg/ml for both carbapenem (Figure 1c). Based on these findings, we propose an algorithm for carbapenemase screening by VITEK (Figure ): when an isolate has both an imipenem MIC µg/ml and meropenem MIC 1 µg/ml (this means that both MICs have to be above their respective cutoff points), carbapenemase producer should be suspected. Subsequently it should be confirmed by the means of more specific methods (1, ). On the contrary, if the MIC to imipenem is 1 µg/ml (susceptible according to the updated CLSI interpretative criteria) or that of meropenem 0. µg/ml, the presence of carbapenemases can be excluded. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for screening suspected carbapenemase producers ( imipenem MIC µg/ml and a meropenem MIC 1 µg/ml) were: %, %, % and %, respectively (Figure 1c). It should be mentioned that this algorithm is based Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
10 on an epidemiological cutoff value of meropenem (MIC 1 µg/ml) within the redefined CLSI susceptible category (). It has been recently published that the VITEK system tends to produce meropenem MICs significantly lower than the broth microdilucion for the KPCs (). This tendency to give lower meropenem MICs by VITEK in carbapenemase producers could explain why we find that the meropenem epidemiological cutoff value is within the susceptible category. Based on our results, several recommendations can be offered to clinical microbiology laboratories to improve routine detection of carbapenemases by VITEK : i) considering that the AES software failed to infer carbapenemase as the resistance mechanism in several isolates, including those with KPCs, laboratories should avoid using the AES recommendations to detect carbapenemase production. A similar problem of lack of sensitivity of the AES was recently reported (), although in this report, several OXA- isolates (but not KPCs) were miss-detected. The differences observed between both studies (we observed that several class A enzymes, including KPCs, and MBLs, were the most undetected carbapenemases by the AES) could be due to the different carbapenems used in the cards. The discrepancy in the detection between OXA-1 and OXA- could also be due to differences in the hydrolytic profile between these enzymes (). ii) Ertapenem nonsusceptibility (MIC µg/ml as was defined with previous CLSI breakpoints; ) has been proposed as the carbapenem that most accurately detects the presence of KPC by several methods, including VITEK (,, 1). But for those areas or institutions where ertapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by dual mechanisms have become more prevalent, routine laboratories using VITEK commercial system can identify strains with true carbapenemases using the imipenem and meropenem MICs (1). Isolates suspected to produce carbapenemases will have an Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
11 imipenem MIC µg/ml (a non-susceptible result) and at the same time, a meropenem MIC 1 µg/ml (Figure ) by VITEK. Our data indicates that laboratories using this VITEK algorithm will detect >% of Enterobacteriaceae with true carbapenemase production. iii) The shortcomings of using a screening strategy that is different than current CLSI interpretative criteria might be overcome by customizable rules that can be added to the VITEK system by routine laboratories. iv) It is important to mention that the algorithm proposed here is not intended to replace the use of ertapenem in those areas where ertapenem has already demonstrated optimal performance as screening test for KPCs,(, 1). However, key ertapenem issues could arise in the near future for two main reasons: a) The recently approved CLSI breakpoints, which define ertapenem non-susceptibility by a MIC 0. µg/ml (), could be associated with a large number of interfering isolates and may even affect those areas with low prevalence of dual mechanisms; b) In addition, the worldwide emergence of E. coli ST producing bla CTX-M-1 as a major cause of serious multidrug-resistant infections could produce a dramatic epidemiological change (1, 0), as this ESBL has a high potential to contribute to the selection of ertapenem resistant mutants by binding with high affinity to this molecule (, ). Thus, in our opinion, laboratories should be prepared for a new evolutionary scenario with rising levels of resistance to ertapenem due to the mobilization of bla CTX-M-1 by this dominant strain. v) Finally, laboratories that cannot test ertapenem on their current VITEK systems, as it is not available in many cards, may consider using the approach proposed in this study. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest In conclusion, we reviewed the strategies for identification of KPC and other carbapenemases by VITEK for scenarios with high base-line ertapenem resistance. The use of a strategy based on the combined use of imipenem and meropenen MICs
12 (cutoff values of µg/ml and 1 µg/ml, respectively) will enable routine labs to identify, with high confidence levels those isolates suspected of producing carbapenemases. This includes one of the most important epidemiological challenges of recent times, the KPCs. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
13 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We are indebted to the valuable cooperation of WHONET-Argentina Network for their proficiency in detecting bacteria with unusual resistance mechanism and to Dr. R. Melano, Dr. A. Medeiros, Dr. D. Marcano, Dr. L. Martinez-Martinez, Dr. J. Smayevsky and Dr. L. Fernandez Canigia, for providing reference strains for this study. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
14 REFERENCES Anderson, K., D. Lonsway, J. Rasheed, J. Biddle, B. Jensen, L. McDougal, R. Carey, A. Thompson, S. Stocker, B. Limbago, and J. Patel. 00. Evaluation of methods to identify the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae. J. Clin. Microbiol. :-.. Boyd, N. K., R. Mercier, D. Burgess, P. Schreckenberger, K. Singh, and S. Young. 00. Abstr. th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., abstr. D-1/1.. Bratu, S., M. Mooty, S. Nichani, D. Landman, C. Gullans, B. Pettinato, U. Karumudi, P. Tolaney, and J. Quale. 00. Emergence of KPC-possessing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Brooklyn, New York: epidemiology and recommendations for detection. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. : Bulik, C., K. Fauntleroy, S. Jenkins, M. Abuali, V. Labombardi, D. Nicolau, and J. Kuti. 0. Comparison of meropenem MICs and susceptibility for carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae by various testing methods. J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:./jcm Bush, K., and G. Jacoby. 0. Updated functional classification of betalactamases. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. :-.. Carmeli,Y., M. Akova, G. Cornaglia, G. Daikos, J. Garau, S. Harbarth, G. Rossolini, M. Souli, and H. Giamarellou. 0. Controlling the spread of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negatives: therapeutic approach and infection control. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 1:-. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
15 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 0. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: 0th Informational Supplement, CLSI publication M0-S0. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, Wayne, PA.. Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute. 0. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: Twentieth Informational Supplement (June 0 Update), CLSI publication M0-S0-U. Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute, Wayne, PA. Doumith, M., M. J. Ellington, D. M. Livermore, and N. Woodford. 00. Molecular mechanisms disrupting porin expression in ertapenem-resistant Klebsiella and Enterobacter spp. clinical isolates from the UK. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. :.. Girlich, D., L. Poirel, and P. Nordmann. 00. Do CTX-M beta-lactamases hydrolyse ertapenem? J. Antimicrob. Chemother. :-.. Girlich, D., L. Poirel, and P. Nordmann. 00. CTX-M expression and selection of ertapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. :-. 1. Giske, C., L. Gezelius, Ø. Samuelsen, M. Warner, A. Sundsfjord, and N. Woodford. 0. A sensitive and specific phenotypic assay for detection of metallo-β-lactamases and KPC in Klebsiella pneumoniae with the use of meropenem disks supplemented with aminophenylboronic acid, dipicolinic acid and cloxacillin. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. doi:./j Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1. Gomez, S., D. Faccone, M. Rapoport, R. Melano, M. Galas, Whonet Argentina Network, A. Corso, F. Pasteran, and A. Petroni. 0. Abstr. 0th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., abstr. C-. 1
16 Johnson, J.R., B. Johnston, C. Clabots, M. Kuskowski, and M. Castanheira. 0. Escherichia coli sequence type ST as the major cause of serious multidrug-resistant E. coli infections in the United States. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1:-. 1. Lartigue, M.F., L. Poirel, C. Poyart, H. Réglier-Poupet, and P. Nordmann. 00. Ertapenem resistance of Escherichia coli. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1: Leavitt, A., I. Chmelnitsky, R. Colodner, I. Ofek, Y. Carmeli, and S. Navon- Venezia. 00. Ertapenem resistance among extended-spectrum-beta-lactamaseproducing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. :-. 1. McGettigan, S., K. Andreacchio, and P. Edelstein. 00. Specificity of ertapenem susceptibility screening for detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases. J. Clin Microbiol. :-. 1. Miriagou, V., G. Cornaglia, M. Edelstein, I. Galani, C. G. Giske, M. Gniadkowski, E. Malamou-Lada, L. Martinez-Martinez, F. Navarro, P. Nordmann, L. Peixe, S. Pournaras, G. M. Rossolini, A. Tsakris, A. Vatopoulos, and R. Cantón. 0. Acquired carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacterial pathogens: detection and surveillance issues. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 1:-. 1. Nordmann, P., G. Cuzon, and T. Naas. 00. The real threat of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing bacteria. Lancet Infect. Dis. :-. 0. Oteo, J., M. Pérez-Vázquez, and J. Campos. 0. Extended-spectrum β- lactamase producing Escherichia coli: changing epidemiology and clinical impact. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. :0-. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
17 Pasteran, F., T. Mendez, L. Guerriero, M. Rapoport, and A. Corso. 00. Sensitive screening tests for suspected class A carbapenemase production in species of Enterobacteriaceae. J. Clin. Microbiol. :-.. Pasteran, F., T. Mendez, L. Guerriero, M. Rapoport, and A. Corso. 0. Controlling false-positive results obtained with the Hodge and Masuda assays for detection of class A carbapenemase in species of enterobacteriaceae by incorporating boronic acid. J. Clin. Microbiol. :1-.. Pitout, J.D. 0. Infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae: changing epidemiology and drug treatment choices. Drugs. 0:1-.. Poirel, L., M. Castanheira, A. Carrer, R. N. Jones, C. A. Parada Rodriguez, J. Smayevsky, and P. Nordmann. 0. Abstr. 0th Intersci. Conf. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., abstr. C1-.. Tenover, F., R. Kalsi, P. Williams, R. Carey, S. Stocker, D. Lonsway, J. Rasheed, J. Biddle, J. McGowan, and B. Hanna. 00. Carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae not detected by automated susceptibility testing. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 1:-1.. Walther-Rasmussen, J., and N. Høiby. 00. OXA-type carbapenemases. J Antimicrob. Chemother. :-.. Wang, X.D., J. Cai, H. Zhou, R. Zhang, G. Chen. 00. Reduced susceptibility to carbapenems in Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase production and OmpK porin deficiency. J Med Microbiol. :-0. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
18 . Woodford, N., A. Eastaway, M. Ford, A. Leanord, C. Keane, R. Quayle, J. Steer, J. Zhang and D. Livermore. 0. Comparison of BD Phoenix, Vitek, and MicroScan Automated Systems for Detection and Inference of Mechanisms Responsible for Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. Microbiol. :-00. J. Clin.. Woodford, N., J. W. T. Dallow, R. L. R. Hill, M. F. Palepou, R. Pike, M. E. Ward, M. Warner, and D. M. Livermore. 00. Ertapenem resistance among Klebsiella and Enterobacter submitted in the UK to a reference laboratory. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents :. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
19 FIGURES LEGENDS Figure Scattergrams showing number of isolates at the indicated carbapenem MICs (average of duplicates values, in µg/ml, of imipenem-ipm- and meropenem-mem-) obtained by VITEK for carbapenemase producers and carbapenemase nonproducers. The sensitivity (SN), specificity (SP), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for carbapenemase screening using: a) the imipenem M0 S0-U CLSI non-susceptible breakpoint (a MIC µg/ml). (Members of the Proteae tribe were excluded from the carbapenemase nonproducers group for the calculation of SP, PPV and NPV); b) the meropenem M0 S0-U CLSI nonsusceptible breakpoint (a MIC µg/ml, dash lines); and c) the cutoff values recommended in this work, a combination of imipenem MIC µg/ml and a meropenem MIC 1 µg/ml. The mechanisms of resistance were indicated for undetected carbapenemases or isolates with interfering mechanisms (Prot: Proteae; CTX-M: production of CTX-M- ESBL plus porin loss; AmpC: derrepressed expression of chromosomal cephalosporinase plus porin loss) Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
20 FIGURE 1 Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 0
21 Figure. Proposed flowchart for screening suspected carbapenemase production in Enterobacteriaceae with VITEK. IPM, imipenem; MEM, meropenem; R, resistant; I, intermediate; S, susceptible (as defined by CLSI M0 S-0-U, reference ); APB, aminophenylboronic acid; DPA, dipicolinic acid. a Phenotypic confirmation by more specific methods such as the double modified Hodge test (as indicated in reference ), or by the use of meropenem disks supplemented with APB, DPA and cloxacillin (as indicated in reference 1) is recommended for these isolates. Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest 1
22 FIGURE Downloaded from on August 1, 01 by guest
Sensitive and specific Modified Hodge Test for KPC and metallo-beta-lactamase
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 19 October 2011 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.05602-11 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All
More informationReceived 31 January 2011/Returned for modification 2 March 2011/Accepted 15 March 2011
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, May 2011, p. 1965 1969 Vol. 49, No. 5 0095-1137/11/$12.00 doi:10.1128/jcm.00203-11 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Comparative
More informationDetermining the Optimal Carbapenem MIC that Distinguishes Carbapenemase-Producing
AAC Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 8 August 2016 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.00838-16 Copyright 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 1 2 Determining the
More informationFernando Pasteran, Tania Mendez, Melina Rapoport, Leonor Guerriero, and Alejandra Corso*
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Apr. 2010, p. 1323 1332 Vol. 48, No. 4 0095-1137/10/$12.00 doi:10.1128/jcm.01771-09 Copyright 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Controlling
More informationOriginal Article Clinical Microbiology
Original Article Clinical Microbiology Ann Lab Med 2015;35:212-219 http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/alm.2015.35.2.212 ISSN 2234-3806 eissn 2234-3814 Combined Use of the Modified Hodge Test and Carbapenemase Inhibition
More informationSensitive Screening Tests for Suspected Class A Carbapenemase Production in Species of Enterobacteriaceae
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, June 2009, p. 1631 1639 Vol. 47, No. 6 0095-1137/09/$08.00 0 doi:10.1128/jcm.00130-09 Copyright 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Sensitive
More informationScreening and detection of carbapenemases
Screening and detection of carbapenemases For many isolates with carbapenemases the MICs of carbapenems are around the susceptible breakpoint making resistance difficult to detect - particularly with automated
More informationALERT. Clinical microbiology considerations related to the emergence of. New Delhi metallo beta lactamases (NDM 1) and Klebsiella
ALERT Clinical microbiology considerations related to the emergence of New Delhi metallo beta lactamases (NDM 1) and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) amongst hospitalized patients in South Africa
More informationControlling the false positive results of the Hodge and Masuda assays for class A. carbapenemase detection in species of Enterobacteriaceae
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on February 0 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:./jcm.0-0 Copyright 0, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.
More informationGuideline for phenotypic screening and confirmation of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae
Guideline for phenotypic screening and confirmation of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae James Cohen Stuart, Maurine A. Leverstein-Van Hall To cite this version: James Cohen Stuart, Maurine A. Leverstein-Van
More information#Corresponding author: Pathology Department, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College. Road, Academia, Level 7, Diagnostics Tower, , Singapore
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 21 October 2013 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.01754-13 Copyright 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 Title: Escherichia
More informationSupplementary Material Hofko M et al., Detection of carbapenemases by real-time PCR and melt-curve analysis on the BD MAX TM System
Supplementary Material Hofko M et al., Detection of carbapenemases by real-time PCR and melt-curve analysis on the BD MAX TM System Supplementary Material and Methods Characterization of isolates by the
More informationNONFERMENTING GRAM NEGATIVE RODS. April Abbott Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN
NONFERMENTING GRAM NEGATIVE RODS April Abbott Deaconess Health System Evansville, IN OBJECTIVES Discuss basic limitations to assessing carbapenem resistance in nonfermenting GNRs Discuss antimicrobial
More informationDetection of Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriacae from Clinical Isolates
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 5 (2016) pp. 864-869 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.505.089
More informationDiscussion points CLSI M100 S19 Update. #1 format of tables has changed. #2 non susceptible category
Discussion points 2009 CLSI M100 S19 Update Nebraska Public Health Laboratory Changes most important to routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Documents available Janet Hindler discussion slide
More informationEmergence of KPC-2 and KPC-3 in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ACCEPTED
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 11 June 2007 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.00299-07 Copyright 2007, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions.
More informationUse of Faropenem as an Indicator of Carbapenemase Activity
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 10 April 2013 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.00720-13 Copyright 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 Use of Faropenem as
More informationDetecting carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae
Detecting carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae David Livermore Health Protection Agency, Colindale, London 12 August 2003 Mechanisms of carbapenem R in Enterobacteria Impermeability + AmpC or ESBL Metallo
More informationAAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 13 October 2008 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi: /aac
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 13 October 2008 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.00931-08 Copyright 2008, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions.
More informationCarbapenem Disks on MacConkey agar as screening methods for the detection of. Carbapenem-Resistant Gram negative rods in stools.
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 7 November 2012 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.02878-12 Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 Carbapenem Disks
More informationSpread of carbapenems resistant Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa; report from National Antimicrobial Resistance Reference Laboratory
Spread of carbapenems resistant Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa; report from National Antimicrobial Resistance Reference Laboratory Olga Perovic*, Ashika Singh-Moodley, Samantha Iyaloo 5 th November
More informationon July 8, 2018 by guest
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 16 January 2013 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.03316-12 Copyright 2013, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
More informationIn Vitro Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Against Isolates. in a Phase 3 Open-label Clinical Trial for Complicated
AAC Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 21 November 2016 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.01820-16 Copyright 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
More informationCarbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae: Prof P. Nordmann Bicêtre hospital, South-Paris Med School
Carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae: 2012 Prof P. Nordmann Bicêtre hospital, South-Paris Med School March 21, 2012 Trends in Molecular Medecine NDM IMP OXA-48 KPC VIM ALERT VI M KPC KPC NDM I MP OXA-
More informationRevised AAC Version 2» New-Data Letter to the Editor ACCEPTED. Plasmid-Mediated Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing β-lactamase KPC-2 in
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 3 December 2007 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.01180-07 Copyright 2007, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions.
More informationRapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from blood cultures
ORIGINAL ARTICLE BACTERIOLOGY Rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from blood cultures L. Dortet 1,L.Brechard 1, L. Poirel 1,2 and P. Nordmann 1,2 1) Service de Bacteriologie-Virologie,
More informationIdentification and screening of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
REVIEW 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03815.x Identification and screening of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae P. Nordmann 1, M. Gniadkowski 2, C. G. Giske 3, L. Poirel 1, N. Woodford 4, V. Miriagou
More informationEvaluation of Six Phenotypic Methods for the Detection of Carbapenemases in Gram-Negative Bacteria With Characterized Resistance Mechanisms
Original Article Clinical Microbiology Ann Lab Med 2017;37:305-312 https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2017.37.4.305 ISSN 2234-3806 eissn 2234-3814 Evaluation of Six Phenotypic Methods for the Detection of Carbapenemases
More informationDevelopment of a phenotypic method for fecal carriage detection of OXA-48-producing
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 11 May 2011 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.00055-11 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights
More informationEmergence of non-kpc carbapenemases: NDM and more
Emergence of non-kpc carbapenemases: NDM and more --- David Livermore Health Protection Agency, UK The first acquired carbapenemase to be recognised in gram-negative bacteria was IMP-1, a metallo-type,
More informationComparison of phenotypic methods for the detection of carbapenem non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae
Bartolini et al. Gut Pathogens 2014, 6:13 RESEARCH Comparison of phenotypic methods for the detection of carbapenem non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae Andrea Bartolini 1, Ilaria Frasson 2, Antonietta Cavallaro
More informationEducational Workshops 2016
Educational Workshops 2016 Keynote CPE Screening We are grateful to Dr Andrew Dodgson, Consultant Microbiologist, Public Health England and Central Manchester Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Terminology
More informationST11 KPC-2 Klebsiella pneumoniae detected in Taiwan
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 30 January 2012 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.05576-11 Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 3 4 5
More informationCarbapenemases: A Review
Review Article Carbapenemases: A Review Shalley Dahiya 1, Pooja Singla 2, Uma Chaudhary 3, Bijender Singh 4 1 Medical Offi cer, Department of Microbiology, BPS Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur
More informationDifferentiation of Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae by Triple disc Test
Original article: Differentiation of Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae by Triple disc Test Manish Bansal 1, Nitya Vyas 2, Babita Sharma 3, R.K.Maheshwari 4 1PG Resident, 2 Professor, 3 Assistant
More informationPhenotypic detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases
Phenotypic detection of ESBLs and carbapenemases Standardized susceptibility testing residential workshop 2016 Katie Hopkins PhD Clinical Scientist Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections
More informationNew Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance and Methods for Carbapenemase Detection
New Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance and Methods for Carbapenemase Detection Stephen G. Jenkins, PhD, F(AAM), D(ABMM) Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Professor of Pathology in Medicine
More informationEvaluation of Updated Interpretative Criteria for Categorizing Klebsiella pneumoniae with Reduced Carbapenem Susceptibility
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Dec. 2010, p. 4417 4425 Vol. 48, No. 12 0095-1137/10/$12.00 doi:10.1128/jcm.02458-09 Copyright 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Evaluation
More informationCarbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae 2012 CNR Associé Résistance aux Antibiotiques Prof. P. Nordmann Carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae May, 2012 Penicillins Cephalosporins Carbapenems Extended-spectrum
More informationDetecting CRE. what does one need to do?
5 th ICAN Conference, Harare 4 th November 2014 Room 2: 10:30-12:00 Detecting CRE (Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae) what does one need to do? Dr Nizam Damani Associate Medical Director Infection
More informationCombined disk methods for the detection of KPC- and/or VIM-positive. Klebsiella pneumoniae: improving reliability for the double carbapenemase
Received Date : 27-Dec-2012 Revised Date : 30-Mar-2013 Accepted Date : 31-Mar-2013 Article type : Research Note - online only Combined disk methods for the detection of KPC- and/or VIM-positive Klebsiella
More informationCarbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Taiwan
Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Taiwan An Infection Control Emergency Speaker: L Kristopher Siu Principal Investigator Division of Infectious Diseases National Institute
More informationAcademic Perspective in. David Livermore Prof of Medical Microbiology, UEA Lead on Antibiotic resistance PHE
Academic Perspective in Emerging No, we can t Issues treat of carbapenemase Resistance and ESBL in Gram-ve producers Bacteria based on MIC David Livermore Prof of Medical Microbiology, UEA Lead on Antibiotic
More informationRapid identification of emerging resistance in Gram negatives. Prof. Patrice Nordmann
Rapid identification of emerging resistance in Gram negatives Prof. Patrice Nordmann Emerging Resistance threats, CDC USA-2013 Enterobacteriaceae producing extendedspectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) Multi-resistant
More informationDetection of the KPC-2 Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Enzyme in Clinical Isolates of ACCEPTED
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on April 00 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:./jcm.00-0 Copyright 00, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.
More informationCARBAPENEMASE PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
CARBAPENEMASE PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Veroniek Saegeman Veroniek Saegeman UZLeuven Carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) Introduction on antibiotic resistance Classification of ß-lactamases
More informationORIGINAL ARTICLE. Julie Creighton and Clare Tibbs. Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Evaluation of the MAST indirect carbapenemase test and comparison with a modified carbapenem inactivation method for the detection of carbapenemase enzymes in Gram-negative bacteria Julie
More informationCarbapenems and Enterobacteriaceae
Title Carbapenems and Enterobacteriaceae Presenter s details NHLS Dr Khine Swe Swe/Han FC Path ( Micro), SA MMed( micro), SA DTMH(Wits univ),sa PDIC(Stellen univ)sa MB,BS(Yangon),Myanmar Pathologist,Consultant/Lecturer,
More informationEvaluation of carbapenemase screening and confirmation tests in. Enterobacteriaceae and development of a practical diagnostic algorithm
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 29 October 2014 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01692-14 Copyright 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 Evaluation of carbapenemase
More informationIn recent years, the emergence of diverse carbapenemases in
Evaluation of Carbapenemase Screening and Confirmation Tests with Enterobacteriaceae and Development of a Practical Diagnostic Algorithm Florian P. Maurer, Claudio Castelberg, Chantal Quiblier, Guido V.
More information(Plasmid mediated) Carbapenemases. Timothy R. Walsh, Cardiff University, Wales
(Plasmid mediated) Carbapenemases Timothy R. Walsh, Cardiff University, Wales What is a carbapenemase? How much carbapenem do they need to breakdown before they are called a carbapenemase? ESBL-enzymes
More informationRapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Pseudomonas spp.
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 12 September 2012 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01597-12 Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 Rapid detection
More informationPhenotypic Detection Methods of Carbapenemase Production in Enterobacteriaceae
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 6 (2015) pp. 547-552 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Phenotypic Detection Methods of Carbapenemase Production in Enterobacteriaceae Sathya Pandurangan 1,
More informationA new diagnostic microarray (Check-KPC ESBL) for detection and. identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in highly resistant
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 8 June 2011 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.02087-10 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights
More informationUpdate on CLSI and EUCAST
Update on CLSI and EUCAST 1 Completed work» Cephalosporin breakpoints for Enterobacteriaceae ESBL screens MIC versus resistance mechanism» Carbapenem breakpoints for Enterobacteriaceae Modified Hodge Test»
More informationAbstract. a Jann-Tay Wang 1, Un-In Wu 2, Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale 3, Mei-Chen Chen 3, Shu-Ying Li 4, Le-Yin Hsu 5, Shan-Chwen Chang 1,6 *
RESEARCH ARTICLE Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae in Taiwan Jann-Tay Wang 1, Un-In Wu 2, Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale 3, Mei-Chen Chen 3, Shu-Ying Li 4, Le-Yin Hsu 5, Shan-Chwen Chang 1,6 * 1
More informationInsert for Kit 98006/98010/ KPC/Metallo-B-Lactamase Confirm Kit KPC+MBL detection Kit KPC/MBL and OXA-48 Confirm Kit REVISION: DBV0034J
Insert for Kit 98006/98010/98015 KPC/Metallo-B-Lactamase Confirm Kit KPC+MBL detection Kit KPC/MBL and OXA-48 Confirm Kit REVISION: DBV0034J DATE OF ISSUE: 09.02.2017 LANGUAGE: English FOR IN VITRO DIAGNOSTIC
More informationExpert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing: State of the art
Expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing: State of the art ESCMID Postgraduate Education Course Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Surveillance: from Laboratory to Clinic Hospital Universitario
More informationRecommendations for the Management of Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Acute and Long-term Acute Care Hospitals
Recommendations for the Management of Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Acute and Long-term Acute Care Hospitals Minnesota Department of Health 11/2011 Infectious Disease Epidemiology,
More informationAcquired carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacterial pathogens: detection and surveillance issues
REVIEW 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.03116.x Acquired carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacterial pathogens: detection and surveillance issues V. Miriagou 1, G. Cornaglia 2, M. Edelstein 3, I. Galani 4, C. G.
More informationEnterobacteriaceae with acquired carbapenemases, 2016
Enterobacteriaceae with acquired carbapenemases, 2016 Background The acquired or transferable (as opposed to chromosomally encoded) carbapenemases found in Enterobacteriaceae belong to three of the four
More informationDetection of NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Kenya
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 29 November 2010 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.01247-10 Copyright 2010, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions.
More informationSurveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae pathogens isolated from intensive care units and surgical units in Russia
Feb. 2016 THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS 69 1 41 41 Surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae pathogens isolated from intensive care units and surgical units in Russia IRINA
More informationMHSAL Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Antimicrobial Resistant Organisms (AROs) - Response to Questions
MHSAL Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Antimicrobial Resistant Organisms (AROs) - Response to Questions Dr. Andrew Walkty Medical Microbiologist, Diagnostic Services Manitoba (DSM) June. 17,
More informationDetection of NDM-1, VIM-1, KPC, OXA-48, and OXA-162 carbapenemases by MALDI- TOF mass spectrometry
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 2 May 2012 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01002-12 Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
More informationGuidance on screening and confirmation of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriacae (CRE) December 12, 2011
Guidance on screening and confirmation of carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriacae (CRE) December 12, 2011 Objectives: To discuss the guidelines for detection of CRE in the laboratory setting. To review
More informationDetection of SPM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and CHDL-producing. Acinetobacter baumannii using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
JCM Accepts, published online ahead of print on 24 October 2012 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.02365-12 Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. [Brief Report] Carvalhaes
More informationAbstract. Introduction. Editor: R. Canton
ORIGINAL ARTICLE BACTERIOLOGY A simple, robust and rapid approach to detect carbapenemases in Gram-negative isolates by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: validation with triple quadripole tandem mass spectrometry,
More informationImpact of the isolation medium for detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae using an updated version of the Carba NP test
Published in which should be cited to refer to this work. Impact of the isolation medium for detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae using an updated version of the Carba NP test Carbapenem
More informationResults and experience of BARN ESBL project. Marina Ivanova and project team Tallinn
Results and experience of BARN ESBL project Marina Ivanova and project team Tallinn 13.05.2013 Aim of the project Improvement of detection and surveillance of resistance caused by extended spectrum betalactamase
More informationActivity of tigecycline alone and in combination with colistin and meropenem against carbapenemase
Activity of tigecycline alone and in combination with colistin and meropenem against carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains by time-kill assay Spyros Pournaras, Georgia Vrioni, Evangelia
More informationβ CARBA Test Rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains Contents 1. INTENDED USE
β CARBA Test 25 68260 Rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae strains 881159 2015/05 Contents 1. INTENDED USE 2. SUMMARY AND EXPLANATION OF THE TEST 3. PRINCIPLE OF THE PROCEDURE
More informationPrevalence of Extended Spectrum -Lactamases In E.coli and Klebsiella spp. in a Tertiary Care Hospital
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 10 (2014) pp. 474-478 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Prevalence of Extended Spectrum -Lactamases In E.coli and Klebsiella spp. in a Tertiary Care Hospital
More informationTHE INVASION BY CARBAPENEMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE
ANKEM Derg 2012;26(Ek 2):31-35 THE INVASION BY CARBAPENEMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE Patrice NORDMANN Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, South-Paris Medical
More informationMultidrug-resistant organisms are a major public health
Improved Phenotype-Based Definition for Identifying Carbapenemase Producers among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Nora Chea, Sandra N. Bulens, Thiphasone Kongphet-Tran, Ruth Lynfield, Kristin M.
More informationAffinity of Doripenem and Comparators to Penicillin-Binding Proteins in Escherichia coli and ACCEPTED
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on February 00 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:./aac.01-0 Copyright 00, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights
More informationβ-lactamase inhibitors
β-lactamase inhibitors Properties, microbiology & enzymology DAVID M LIVERMORE Professor of Medical Microbiology, UEA Lead on Antibiotic Resistance, Public Health England β-lactamase classes A B C D Serine
More informationARTICLE IN PRESS International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents xxx (2010) xxx xxx
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents xxx (2010) xxx xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ijantimicag
More informationKPC around the world Maria Virginia Villegas, MD, MSC
KPC around the world Maria Virginia Villegas, MD, MSC Scientific Director Bacterial Resistance and Nosocomial Infections Research Area International Center for Medical Research and Training, CIDEIM, Cali,
More informationPhenotypic Detection of Carbapenem Resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suez Canal University Hospitals, Ismailiya, Egypt
ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 2 (2015) pp. 10-18 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article Phenotypic Detection of Carbapenem Resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae in Suez Canal University Hospitals,
More informationIn-House Standardization of Carba NP Test for Carbapenemase Detection in Gram Negative Bacteria
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 01 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.701.342
More informationESCMID Online Lecture Library. by author
www.eucast.org EXPERT RULES IN ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING Dr. Rafael Cantón Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal SERVICIO DE MICROBIOLOGÍA Y PARASITOLOGÍA Departamento de Microbiología II Universidad
More informationMolecular Epidemiology, Sequence Types, and Plasmid Analyses of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains in Israel
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY, July 2010, p. 3002 3006 Vol. 54, No. 7 0066-4804/10/$12.00 doi:10.1128/aac.01818-09 Copyright 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Molecular
More informationHigh Stringency Evaluation of the Automated BD Phoenix CPO Detect and. Running Title: Phenotypic Carbapenemase Detection and Classification
JCM Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 4 October 2017 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01215-17 Copyright 2017 Thomson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
More informationThe Public Health Benefit of CRE Colonization Testing
The Public Health Benefit of CRE Colonization Testing Allison C Brown, PhD MPH Team Lead, AR Capacities and Special Studies Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion CDC Carbapenem Resistance Serious threat
More informationInternational transfer of NDM-1-producing Klebsiella. pneumoniae from Iraq to France
AAC Accepts, published online ahead of print on 18 January 2011 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi:10.1128/aac.01761-10 Copyright 2011, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions.
More informationLaboratory CLSI M100-S18 update. Paul D. Fey, Ph.D. Associate Professor/Associate Director Josh Rowland, M.T. (ASCP) State Training Coordinator
Nebraska Public Health Laboratory 2008 CLSI M100-S18 update Paul D. Fey, Ph.D. Associate Professor/Associate Director Josh Rowland, M.T. (ASCP) State Training Coordinator Agenda Discuss 2008 M100- S18
More informationPresence of the KPC carbapenemase gene in Enterobacteriaceae causing bacteremia and its correlation with in vitro carbapenem susceptibility
Washington University School of Medicine Digital Commons@Becker ICTS Faculty Publications Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences 2009 Presence of the KPC carbapenemase gene in Enterobacteriaceae
More informationDetection of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae: a challenge for diagnostic microbiological laboratories
REVIEW 10.1111/1469-0691.12678 Detection of carbapenemases in Enterobacteriaceae: a challenge for diagnostic microbiological laboratories J. Hrabak, E. Chudackova and C. C. Papagiannitsis Department of
More informationConsultation on the Revision of Carbapenem Breakpoints
Consultation on the Revision of Carbapenem Breakpoints July 2018 Please send comments to the EUCAST Scientific Secretary at jturnidge@gmail.com by September 15. EUCAST revision of carbapenem breakpoints
More informationCarbapenem resistance has emerged worldwide in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae. crossm
SUSCEPTIBILITY crossm In Vitro Activity of Meropenem-Vaborbactam against Clinical Isolates of KPC-Positive Enterobacteriaceae Meredith A. Hackel, a Olga Lomovskaya, b Michael N. Dudley, b James A. Karlowsky,
More informationGlobal Epidemiology of Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
Global Epidemiology of Carbapenem- Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Mitchell J. Schwaber, MD MSc Director, National Center for Infection Control Ministry of Health State of Israel November 27, 2012 1
More informationRisk factors for fecal carriage of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae among intensive care unit patients from a tertiary care center in India
Mittal et al. BMC Microbiology (2016) 16:138 DOI 10.1186/s12866-016-0763-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Risk factors for fecal carriage of carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae among intensive care unit patients
More informationDetecting Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: why isn t there a single best method?
Detecting Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae: why isn t there a single best method? Professor Neil Woodford Antimicrobial Resistance & Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit Crown
More informationStrains characterization Testing procedure of commercial carbapenemase detection assays
JCM Accepted Manuscript Posted Online 7 December 2016 J. Clin. Microbiol. doi:10.1128/jcm.01853-16 Copyright 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Comparative evaluation of four
More informationPerformance of chromid ESBL, a chromogenic medium for detection of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum b-lactamases
Journal of Medical Microbiology (2008), 57, 310 315 DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.47625-0 Performance of chromid ESBL, a chromogenic medium for detection of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum b-lactamases
More informationClinical Microbiology Newsletter
Clinical Microbiology Newsletter $88 Vol. 30, No. 10 www.cmnewsletter.com May 15, 2008 Newer β-lactamases: Clinical and Laboratory Implications, Part I * Ellen Smith Moland, B.S.M.T., Soo-Young Kim, M.D.,
More informationThe Prevalence of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Clinical Urine Specimens in University Teaching Hospitals, Iran
International Journal of Medical Laboratory 2017;4(3):172-179. Original Article The Prevalence of Carbapenemase Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated from Clinical Urine Specimens in University
More informationJournal of Infectious Diseases and
Journal of Infectious Diseases & Therapy ISSN: 2332-0877 Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy Santanirand et al., J Infect Dis Ther 2018, 6:5 DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877.1000378 Research Article Open
More information