Monday, November 13, 2017 A & P 2401

Transcription

1 Monday, November 13, 2017 A & P 2401 Today you will complete the following handouts. Study the last part of the handout for this will be on your quiz, which will be on Wednesday. It is titled steps of a muscular contraction. This is due Wednesday. For Wednesday we will do an article analysis on muscular disorders. I will provide the abstracts later on tonight for you all to read and review. Thanks Mr B

2 Label the muscles of the anterior side of the body. Name

3 Label the muscles of the posterior side of the body: 1. Fill in the following figure of the facial and neck muscles.

4 2. Label the following figure of the trunk and upper arm muscles.

5

6 Name: Muscles Worksheet 1. Match the muscle to the location Frontalis Latissimus dorsi Orbicularis oculi Platysma Buccinator Zygomaticus Masseter External intercostals Sternocleidomastoid Trapezius Pectoralis major Deltoid Rectus abdominus External oblique Internal oblique Internal intercostals Transverse abdominus Temporalis Orbicularis oris Covers the lower back Fibers run in circles around your eye Paired muscles deep to external oblique Runs from the sternum & clavicle to the mastoid process of the temporal bone Extends from the corner of the mouth to cheek bone Muscle that is the prime mover of inhalation Overlying the temporal bone Runs from the lower ribs & iliac crest to pubis Runs horizontally across the cheek Large triangular muscle located on chest Rounded shape of the shoulder Run from pubis to the ribcage Covers the anterolateral neck Lateral walls of abdomen Fibers run in circles around your lips Runs from zygomatic process to mandible Deep muscles found between the ribs Covers the frontal bone Muscles that are synergists for inspiration Muscles posterior of the neck/upper trunk

7 Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles Facial and Neck Muscles Frontalis Orbicularis Oculi Orbicularis Oris Buccinator Zygomaticus Masseter Temporalis Platysma Sternocleidomastoid Trunk muscles External intercostals Internal intercostals Diaphragm Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Back Muscles Erector Spinae Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis Scapula Muscles Trapezius Muscles of the humerus Pectoralis major Latissimus Dorsi Deltoid Muscles of the elbow Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachiordialis Triceps Brachii Muscles of the wrist Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis Muscles of the hip Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Adductors Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Iliopsoas Muscles of the hip and knee Sartorius Quadriceps Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus femoris Vastus medialis Gracilis Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Muscles causing movement at the Ankle and Foot Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis Gastrocnemius Soleus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior

8 Name: Naming the Muscles Worksheet Give an example of a muscle that explains the way to name muscles and then explain the reason. Ex: rectus abdominus is named for direction/location. Rectus = straight & abdominus = abdomen Direction of the muscle fibers: Relative size of the muscle Location of the muscle Number of origins Location of the muscle s origin and insertion Shape of the muscle Action of the muscle Two or more ways to name a muscle

9 Steps of Muscle Contraction -A signal is sent from the brain or the spinal cord to the muscle via neurons -An action potential is generated in the neuron, releasing Ca++ in the neuromuscular junction -The influx of calcium ions causes acetylcholine (AcH) to be released in the synaptic cleft -AcH binds to the AcH receptors present in the sarcolemma, increasing its permeability -Na++enter the sarcolemma, changing its polarity and creating an action potential -Ca++ are released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, as the action potential travels down the T- tubules in the muscle fiber -Ca++ bind with troponin C, causing the myosin to bind on actin sites -ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP and phosphorus, releasing energy -Myosin head bends and actin slides over the myosin surface (contraction) -Myosin releases the ADP molecule -Actin is released and returns to original position (relaxation)

10 Steps of Muscle Contraction -A signal is sent from the brain or the spinal cord to the muscle via neurons -An action potential is generated in the neuron, releasing Ca++ in the neuromuscular junction -The influx of calcium ions causes acetylcholine (AcH) to be released in the synaptic cleft -AcH binds to the AcH receptors present in the sarcolemma, increasing its permeability -Na++enter the sarcolemma, changing its polarity and creating an action potential -Ca++ are released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, as the action potential travels down the T- tubules in the muscle fiber -Ca++ bind with troponin C, causing the myosin to bind on actin sites -ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP and phosphorus, releasing energy -Myosin head bends and actin slides over the myosin surface (contraction) -Myosin releases the ADP molecule -Actin is released and returns to original position (relaxation)