Dermomyofascial Restoration. The ProSport Academy Therapist Mentorship Dave O Sullivan
|
|
- Lydia Pearson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dermomyofascial Restoration The ProSport Academy Therapist Mentorship Dave O Sullivan
2 Dermomyofascial Restoration Includes: 1. Dermomyofascial Testing 2. Dermomyofascial Restorative Mobilisations
3 Dermomyofascial Testing
4 What is it in a nutshell? Has replaced Manual Muscle Testing in my system and the new thought process brings an easy to change system with long term results because we are focusing on the clients nervous system output versus muscles Easily understandable with easy to implement changes, no hocus pocus bullsh*t Is an important part of Dermomyofascial Restorative Output
5 Traditional MMT Applied Kinesiology and other manual muscle testing techniques use various concepts and techniques. Go to various points in the body and use various options with no real clear common sense approach or very limited evidence. Essentially it is the ability of the nervous system to give a motor output on demand. If the nervous system does not give a desirable output then we need to ask why? What has to happen for it to give a normal output?
6 Understanding Dermomyofascial Testing To understand Dermomyofascial Testing (and MMT), we need to understand the physiology of the muscle contraction, i.e the process of the nervous system allowing an appropriate motor output. We need to understand and be aware of the implications of the nervous system providing protective tension to the body. Dermomyofascial testing is simply a method to detect nervous system protection, nothing more!
7 Key Components Excitability - Receive & Respond To A Stimulus Conductivity - Receive A Stimulus & Transmit A Wave Of Excitation (Electrochemical Activity) Contractility - Fibres Engage When Stimulated Extensibility - Ability To Be Lengthened Elasticity - Ability Return To Original Legnth
8 Don t Waste Too Much Energy Worrying About This Too Much, It Is Hard To Influence Directly
9 This, On The Other Hand Is Much Easier To Influence
10 Physiology of the Muscle Contraction An impulse for a motor DIRECTION and NOT a specific muscle is generated in the brain (INTENTION) Descends the spinal cord and arrives at the muscle by passing along the motor nerves via the gamma fibres.
11 The gamma circuit excites the intrafusal contractile fibres of the muscle spindles. When these contract, they stretch the annulospiral terminations, which are coiled around them, as well as the connective tissue in which they are innervated.
12 The contraction of these fibres is insufficient to exert a force on the tendons but it does propagate a stretch along the connective tissue structure. Due to the conformation of the muscle, a part of this stretch propagates towards the inelastic tendon and a part goes along the fascia towards a centre of coordination, which is elastic and adapts to the stretch.
13 The adaptation of the fascia to this stretch allows the muscle spindle to shorten and the primary spindle afferents are excited. These convey impulses via Ia fibres to the motorneurone pool and from here, secondary motor efferents part via the alpha fibres in the direction of the muscle. This secondary efferent stimulus activates the extrafusal fibres, or the voluntary muscle fibres.
14 The contraction causes articular movement, which stretches the joint capsule and the receptors. A second afference then parts from the fascial centre of coordination, arrives at the spinal cord and ascends to the brain, conveying information that the programmed movement has taken place in the periphery.
15 Regulation of movement would not be possible without these circuits, especially considering all of the possible movement variables combinations for any given movement. These reflex adaptations are organised within the myofascial units according to tensional adjustments (This is the reason that muscle spindles, ruffini corpuscles and golgi tendon organs are sensitive to stretch).
16 Golgi Tendon Organs Consist of a mesh of collagen fibres entwined in series with muscle fibres along with a part of nerve axon arranged in spiral form. According to the direction of the muscular traction these spirals rotate around themselves compressing the nerve or they open themselves out and don t provoke any nerve discharge.
17
18
19 Isometric Contraction Of Gastrocnemius Gastrocnemius Tendon
20
21
22 So Practically What Do You Need To Understand? TENSION and DIRECTION of superficial and deep fascia precede a muscle contraction output When we Muscle Test we are essentially applying a minimal stretch of the deep fascial system and asking for an appropriate motor output response that happens with a normal physiological muscle contraction Practically; placing a muscle in a shortened position, applying a stretch stimulus which should respond with an appropriate muscle contraction. I.e can the contractile units overcome the muscle slack in the system.
23 + Intention Locally; force in a certain direction depends on Fascia To Elongate & Direct The Force Contractile Parts Of The Muscle To Overcome Muscle Slack And Send Energy To Tendon
24 Hamstring With Fascia Unable To Lengthen
25 Hennemann s Size Principle Hennemann s size principle states that under load, motor units are recruited from smallest to largest. In practice, this means that slow-twitch, low-force, fatigue-resistant muscle fibers are activated before fasttwitch, high-force, less fatigue-resistant muscle fibers.
26
27 Normal Motor Output
28 Co-activation between muscles Hennmann s size principle appears to work with coactivation also
29 Pain (or nociception) Changes EVERYTHING
30 *Conduction Velocity Not Affected
31 Reduced Motor Output
32 Is the reduced motor output RELEVANT to the patients STORY and/or the TRUE DRIVER! Is the direction of force altered and hence the reduced motor output here a result and not a cause Is there a reason for the reduced motor output here? Higher threshold motor units may be recruited during the painful contraction to maintain force.
33 ? Different Motor Units Take Up The Work Load Higher threshold motor units may be recruited during the painful contraction to maintain force.
34 Hypertonic Motor Output
35 Hypothesis 1 Hypothesis 2 Adapted From Kylie Tucker, Private Seminar, 2016 Hypothesis 1 = Hypertonic Motor Output;? Long Standing Adaptations Hypothesis 2 = Decreased Motor Output In A Specific Direction;? Acute Strategy OR Extreme Strategy
36 Dermomyofascial Testing Outputs Efficient Output: Portrays Car Pedal Brake Qualities To Meet Your ADAPTING RESISTANCE & DIRECTION, not handbrake testing, is able to excite and inhibit output on demand to tension as happens in gait. Protective Output: Nervous system has caused protective tension elsewhere to the body causing a secondary inhibition of the dermomyofascia area of the body (physiological criteria unable to be met to elicit an appropriate muscle contraction output). Hypertonic Output: Nervous system has caused a HANDBRAKE output, extreme protection displaying reversible hypertonia qualities similar to spastic muscles or mild lower motor neuron disease.
37 Hypertonic Output Hypertonic Outputs are the jokers in the pack! These outputs will essentially be the reason your rehabilitation exercises are not effective at making fast changes. Want fast changes in motor output then need to address the hypertonic outputs first and foremost.
38 Hypertonic Muscles Muscles need to inhibit also to allow a balanced axis of rotation Hypertonic Muscles are Unable to Inhibit On Demand Due To Normal Physiological Response => Compression instead of Tension/Stretch of the Skin/Fascia Just Prior to Muscle Contraction Should Disrupt the Normal Physiological Response => If it doesn t then we potentially have decreased elasticity of the tissues due to perceived threat of the nervous system
39 Practical Tips For Assessing Hypertonicity Compress the skin in the direction of the muscle fibres and retest,? increasing muscle slack Retest again but even lighter pressure Change amplitude of movements
40 Restoring Hypertonic Outputs Lederman (2015) A Process Approach In Manual And Therapies: Beyond The Structural Model
41 When To Restore Hypertonic Output? Lederman (2015) A Process Approach In Manual And Therapies: Beyond The Structural Model
42 How To Restore Hypertonic Output Find a direction of tension of the connective tissues that allows the nervous system to restore the correct motor output for the action.
43 Restoring Efficient Motor Output Start With The Skin Stretch And Then Progress To Deeper Fascia Directional Tension
44 Restoring Efficient Motor Output The Direction of Tension That Normalises The Physiological Output Is The Direction of Force We Will Apply While Encouraging Normal Motion Of The Joints (Reducing The Threat). Start With The Skin Stretch And Then Progress To Deeper Fascia Directional Tension
45 Inflammatory substances travels between the skin and deep fascia - Assess skin directions first and encourage movement with joint to reduce threat - For both joints and over muscles to help the indirect effect Deep fascia between muscle intersections to reduce threat and allow coordination of muscles and normal physiological output to remain. (Inhibition is essentially a response to nervous system protection/threat - You know how to reduce this threat!)
46 Practical Example of Hypertonic Dermomyofascial Restoration
47 Questions?
The Nervous System S P I N A L R E F L E X E S
The Nervous System S P I N A L R E F L E X E S Reflexes Rapid, involuntary, predictable motor response to a stimulus Spinal Reflexes Spinal somatic reflexes Integration center is in the spinal cord Effectors
More informationStretch reflex and Golgi Tendon Reflex. Prof. Faten zakareia Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University 2016
Stretch reflex and Golgi Tendon Reflex Prof. Faten zakareia Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University 2016 Objectives: Upon completion of this lecture, students should be able to
More informationMUSCLE STRETCH REFLEX:
MUSCLE STRETCH REFLEX: Components and Process Description Introduction The muscle stretch reflex is an unconscious action caused by the collaboration between a person s nervous and muscular systems. The
More informationNeuroPsychiatry Block
NeuroPsychiatry Block Stretch reflex and Golgi Tendon Reflex By Prof. Faten zakareia Physiology Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University 2017 Email: Faten@ksu.edu.sa Ext:52736 NeuroPsychiatryBlock
More informationHUMAN MOTOR CONTROL. Emmanuel Guigon
HUMAN MOTOR CONTROL Emmanuel Guigon Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique Université Pierre et Marie Curie CNRS / UMR 7222 Paris, France emmanuel.guigon@upmc.fr e.guigon.free.fr/teaching.html
More informationSession 748 Moving From Function To Dysfunction By: Greg Roskopf, MA
Session 748 Moving From Function To Dysfunction By: Greg Roskopf, MA We Must Determine The Physical Characteristics Of Each Client Proper Assessments will dictate each clients physical capabilities I don
More informationThe Physiology of the Senses Chapter 8 - Muscle Sense
The Physiology of the Senses Chapter 8 - Muscle Sense www.tutis.ca/senses/ Contents Objectives... 1 Introduction... 2 Muscle Spindles and Golgi Tendon Organs... 3 Gamma Drive... 5 Three Spinal Reflexes...
More informationChapter 13. The Nature of Muscle Spindles, Somatic Reflexes, and Posture
Chapter 13 The Nature of Muscle Spindles, Somatic Reflexes, and Posture Nature of Reflexes A reflex is an involuntary responses initiated by a sensory input resulting in a change in the effecter tissue
More informationSo far in our discussion of receptors we
CHAPTER 11 MUSCLE RECEPTORS So far in our discussion of receptors we have dealt only with exteroceptors. Now we will deal briefly with three kinds of enteroceptors, all found in muscle. These are sometimes
More informationCardiovascular system progress chart
Neural muscular system Topic 3A: Characteristics and functions of different muscle fibre types for a variety of sporting activities Term Muscle fibre Slow twitch (type I) Fast oxidative glycolytic (type
More informationPhysiology. D. Gordon E. Robertson, PhD, FCSB. Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
Electromyography: Physiology D. Gordon E. Robertson, PhD, FCSB Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Nervous System Central Nervous System (cerebellum,
More informationDR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) Medical Educator & Researcher
1 DR. JITENDRA PATEL (MBBS, MD) Medical Educator & Researcher Associate Professor in Physiology Email: dr.jrpatel84@gmail.com Web: www.esphys.weebly.com 2 OUTLINE Stretch reflex overview Muscle spindle
More informationPSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM
PSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM REVIEW Review of muscle so we can see how the neuromuscular system works This is not on today's note Skeletal Muscle Cell: Cellular System A) Excitation System Electrical
More informationLesson 6.4 REFLEXES AND PROPRIOCEPTION
Lesson 6.4 REFLEXES AND PROPRIOCEPTION (a) The Reflex Arc ~ ~ ~ TOPICS COVERED IN THIS LESSON (b) Proprioception and Proprioceptors 2015 Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 1 What Are Reflexes? Reflexes
More informationMotor systems.... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington
Motor systems... the only thing mankind can do is to move things... whether whispering or felling a forest. C. Sherrington 1 Descending pathways: CS corticospinal; TS tectospinal; RS reticulospinal; VS
More informationThe Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle
AML2506 Biomechanics and Flow Simulation Day 03B The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle Session Speaker Dr. M. D. Deshpande 1 Session Objectives At the end of this session the delegate would have understood
More informationMuscle and Muscle Tissue
Muscle and Muscle Tissue Make up about half of total body mass Exerts force by converting chemical energy, ATP, to mechanical energy Muscle tissue is classified based on Shape Number and position of nuclei
More informationMUSCULAR TISSUE. Dr. Gary Mumaugh
MUSCULAR TISSUE Dr. Gary Mumaugh MUSCLE OVERVIEW The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth These types differ in structure, location, function, and means of activation FUNCTIONAL
More informationMuscles & Physiology
Collin County Community College BIOL 2401 Muscles & Physiology 1 Tension Development The force exerted by a contracting muscle cell or muscle group on an object is called muscle tension, and the opposing
More informationMuscular System. Honors Anatomy & Physiology. Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School
Muscular System Honors Anatomy & Physiology Susan Chabot Lemon Bay High School Skeletal, Smooth, or Cardiac SKELETAL Striated Voluntary Multinucleated Bound to bones Moves skeleton SMOOTH Not striated
More informationRe-establishing establishing Neuromuscular
Re-establishing establishing Neuromuscular Control Why is NMC Critical? What is NMC? Physiology of Mechanoreceptors Elements of NMC Lower-Extremity Techniques Upper-Extremity Techniques Readings Chapter
More information10/4/18. Muscular System. 1 Copyright 2016 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Introduction. Anatomy. Physiology. Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
Introduction Muscular System Chapter 20 Shortening or lengthening of a muscle results from changes in relative positions of one small part of a muscle cell to another To understand contraction, we will
More information7/10/18. Introduction. Muscular System. Anatomy. Physiology. Skeletal Muscle Anatomy. Muscle Fiber
Introduction Muscular System Chapter 20 Shortening or lengthening of a muscle results from changes in relative positions of one small part of a muscle cell to another To understand contraction, we will
More informationExcitation-Contraction Coupling & Reflexes, Proprioception and Movement. PSK 4U Unit 4, Day 4
Excitation-Contraction Coupling & Reflexes, Proprioception and Movement PSK 4U Unit 4, Day 4 Excitation-Contraction Coupling Muscles work by converting electrical and chemical energy into mechanical energy!
More informationIntroduction from Dr Paul Crozier.
Introduction from Dr Paul Crozier. Retired. Former Medical Director A&E Ascot White Cross Remeura. Medical Director Bodywall Ltd. Repetitive stress on the body whether through emotional and physiological
More informationRestoring Range of Motion and Improving Flexibility.
Restoring Range of Motion and Improving Flexibility www.fisiokinesiterapia.biz Importance of Flexibility Important Goal: Restore or improve to normal pre-injury range of motion With injury there is generally
More information17/06/2010. Dean Somerset BSc. Kinesiology, CSCS, CEP, MES
STRENGTH TRAINING LOW BACK INJURIES WITH MYOFASCIAL SLING SYSTEMS Dean Somerset BSc. Kinesiology, CSCS, CEP, MES A little about myself... BSc. Kinesiology CSCS NSCA CEP CSEP MES AAHFRP PRO Trainer, Can
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy
Chapter 21 Adapted form Tortora 10 th ed. LECTURE OUTLINE A. Overview of Sensations (p. 652) 1. Sensation is the conscious or subconscious awareness of external or internal stimuli. 2. For a sensation
More informationBASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS
BASICS OF NEUROBIOLOGY NERVE ENDINGS ZSOLT LIPOSITS 1 11. előadás. Prof. Liposits Zsolt NERVE ENDINGS I. Effectors and receptors 2 NERVE ENDINGS NEURONS COMMUNICATE WITH NON-NEURONAL ELEMENTS VIA SPECIALIZED
More informationNeuroscience with Pharmacology 2 Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes. Prof Richard Ribchester
Neuroscience with Pharmacology 2 Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes Prof Richard Ribchester René Descartes Cogito, ergo sum The 21st century still holds many challenges to Neuroscience and Pharmacology
More informationPhysiologic Anatomy and Nervous Connections of the Bladder
Micturition Objectives: 1. Review the anatomical organization of the urinary system from a physiological point of view. 2. Describe the micturition reflex. 3. Predict the lines of treatment of renal failure.
More information2/28/18. Muscular System. 1 Copyright 2016 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Introduction. Physiology. Anatomy. Muscle Fiber
Introduction Muscular System Chapter 20 Shortening or lengthening of a muscle results from changes in relative positions of one small part of a muscle cell to another To understand contraction, we will
More information2/28/18. Muscular System. Introduction. Anatomy. Chapter 20
Muscular System Chapter 20 1 Introduction Shortening or lengthening of a muscle results from changes in relative positions of one small part of a muscle cell to another To understand contraction, we will
More informationBiomechanics of Skeletal Muscle
Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle Contents I. Composition & structure of skeletal muscle II. Mechanics of Muscle Contraction III. Force production in muscle IV. Muscle remodeling V. Summary 2 Muscle types:
More informationFollow this and additional works at:
St. Cloud State University therepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in Kinesiology Department of Kinesiology 5-2015 Does the Use of the Antagonist Facilitated Specialization and Oscillatory
More informationOther Kinds of Vertebrate Muscle
Other Kinds of Vertebrate Muscle -Lacks sarcomeres, isn t striated -Walls of hollow organs visceral functions (GI tract, urinary bladder, uterus, blood vessels) -Heterogeneous -Innervated by autonomic
More informationMaking Things Happen: Simple Motor Control
Making Things Happen: Simple Motor Control How Your Brain Works - Week 10 Prof. Jan Schnupp wschnupp@cityu.edu.hk HowYourBrainWorks.net The Story So Far In the first few lectures we introduced you to some
More informationReflexes. Handout on The Basic Reflex Arc and Stretch and Tendon Reflexes. -55 mv -70 mv EPSP. By Noel Ways
Reflexes Handout on The Basic Reflex Arc and Stretch and Tendon Reflexes By Noel Ways Basic Reflex Arch 2. : s are always unipolar and will conduct and impulse to a control center. In this case the control
More informationSENSORY NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSORY RECEPTORS. Dr. Ayisha Qureshi Professor MBBS, MPhil
SENSORY NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSORY RECEPTORS Dr. Ayisha Qureshi Professor MBBS, MPhil Sensory Deprivation Tank Is the world really as we perceive it? Is the world really as we perceive it? NO. The world
More information211MDS Pain theories
211MDS Pain theories Definition In 1986, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defined pain as a sensory and emotional experience associated with real or potential injuries, or described
More informationNerve regeneration. Somatic nervous system
Somatic nervous system Signals from CNS are sent to skeletal muscles. Final result is a muscle contraction. Motor neuron starts in CNS and its axon ends at a muscle cell. Alpha motor neuron Alpha motor
More informationNerve meets muscle. Nerve regeneration. Somatic nervous system
Somatic nervous system Signals from CNS are sent to skeletal muscles. Final result is a muscle contraction. Alpha motor neurons branch into several terminals (can be over 1000), each contacting a separate
More informationCogs 107B A01: Monday 2pm. Ricardo Trujillo
Cogs 107B A01: Monday 2pm Ricardo Trujillo ratrujil@ucsd.edu The Basics Email: ratrujil@ucsd.edu Office Hours: Thursdays 11am-12pm, Mandeville Coffee Cart Sections are not mandatory, but strongly recommended
More informationCOGS 107B Week 2. Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm
COGS 107B Week 2 Hyun Ji Friday 4:00-4:50pm Lecture 3: Proprioception Principles: The Neuron Doctrine and The Law of Dynamic Polarization Proprioception Joint-protecting reflexes (ex. Knee jerk reflex)
More information(C) Muscles provide structural support, are involved in thermoregulation, but have no effect on organ function.
OAT Biology - Problem Drill 13: The Muscular System Question No. 1 of 10 1. Which statement about muscles is correct? Question #01 (A) Muscles have an origin that is usually attached to a movable bone,
More informationOutline. Fascia. Myofascial system. move beyond foam rolling and take your clients with you
Outline move beyond foam rolling and take your clients with you 1. Understanding myofascial restrictions 2. Identifying and correcting postural imbalances 3. Releasing muscle tension with self bodywork
More informationPhysiology of motor control (1)
Physiology of motor control (1) Physiology of somatomotor system 1. Task: It controls the skeletal muscles 2. Content: Simple reflexes Muscle tone Posture Movement Sexual functions Motor component of emotions
More informationAuthor: Max Schmarzo Draft. Purpose
Author: Max Schmarzo Draft Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concepts of accessible strength and strength ceiling and its relationship with muscular force in regards to both the structural
More informationHEAD AND NECK PART 2
HEAD AND NECK PART 2 INTEGRATED CURRICULUM = Integrate Basic Science and Clinical Training 1- ENT PATIENT EXAM IN ICS COURSE - Today and next week - Review/Preview Anatomy underlying ENT exam 2- NEUROANATOMY/NEUROLOGY
More informationDescribe fully how the structures shown in the diagram bring about this reflex action (6)
Q. A person accidentally touches a hot pan. Her hand automatically moves away from the pan. The diagram shows the structures involved in this action. (a) Describe fully how the structures shown in the
More informationCollin County Community College. BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS
Collin County Community College BIOL 2401 : Anatomy/ Physiology PNS Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS all neural structures outside the brain and spinal cord Includes sensory receptors, peripheral nerves,
More informationHumans make voluntary decisions to talk, walk, stand up, or sit down. The
2 E X E R C I S E Skeletal Muscle Physiology O B J E C T I V E S 1. To define motor unit, twitch, latent period, contraction phase, relaxation phase, threshold, summation, tetanus, fatigue, isometric contraction,
More informationSkeletal Muscle. Connective tissue: Binding, support and insulation. Blood vessels
Chapter 12 Muscle Physiology Outline o Skeletal Muscle Structure o The mechanism of Force Generation in Muscle o The mechanics of Skeletal Muscle Contraction o Skeletal Muscle Metabolism o Control of Skeletal
More informationMuscle Tissue- 3 Types
AN INTRODUCTION TO MUSCLE TISSUE Muscle Tissue- 3 Types Skeletal muscle (focus on these) Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle FUNCTIONS OF SKELETAL MUSCLES Produce movement of the skeleton Maintain posture and
More informationReaction time MATERIALS. - Pencil - Chair - Ruler
Reaction time NAME DATE A hand accidentally touches the hot plate of an oven and is withdrawn immediately. A young child runs out in front of your car and you hammer on the brakes. A lottery ball falls
More informationChapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages ! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension!
! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle Chapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages 308-324! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension! 2! 1 Tension Production - MUSCLE FIBER! All-or-none
More informationNeurology. Hollie Wilson
Neurology Hollie Wilson Objectives Anatomy Physiology: Functional centres of brain UMN lesion vs. LMN lesion Spinal cord Main tracts ascending and descending Nerve roots and peripheral nerves action potentials
More informationDepartment of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences
Spinal Cord I Lecture Outline and Objectives CNS/Head and Neck Sequence TOPIC: FACULTY: THE SPINAL CORD AND SPINAL NERVES, Part I Department of Neurology/Division of Anatomical Sciences LECTURE: Monday,
More informationDendrites Receive impulse from the axon of other neurons through synaptic connection. Conduct impulse towards the cell body Axon
Dendrites Receive impulse from the axon of other neurons through synaptic connection. Conduct impulse towards the cell body Axon Page 22 of 237 Conduct impulses away from cell body Impulses arise from
More informationراما ندى أسامة الخضر. Faisal Muhammad
22 راما ندى أسامة الخضر Faisal Muhammad Revision Last time we started talking about sensory receptors, we defined them and talked about the mechanism of their reaction. Now we will talk about sensory receptors,
More information1-Apley scratch test.
1-Apley scratch test. The patient attempts to touch the opposite scapula to test range of motion of the shoulder. 1-Testing abduction and external rotation( +ve sign touch the opposite scapula, -ve sign
More informationChapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2
NAME PER DATE Chapter Six Review Sections 1 and 2 Matching: 1. afferent nerves 2. autonomic nervous system 3. cell body 4. central nervous system (CNS) 5. dendrites 6. efferent nerves 7. myelin sheath
More informationChapter 10! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle. Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages !
! Chapter 10, Part 2 Muscle Chapter 10! Muscle Tissue - Part 2! Pages 308-324! SECTION 10-5! Sarcomere shortening and muscle fiber stimulation produce tension! 2! Tension Production - Muscle FIBER! All-or-none
More informationChapter 7. Objectives
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationSession 3-Part 2: Skeletal Muscle
Session 3-Part 2: Skeletal Muscle Course: Introduction to Exercise Science-Level 2 (Exercise Physiology) Presentation Created by Ken Baldwin, M.ED, ACSM-H/FI Copyright EFS Inc. All Rights Reserved. Skeletal
More informationChapter 7. The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement
Chapter 7 The Nervous System: Structure and Control of Movement Objectives Discuss the general organization of the nervous system Describe the structure & function of a nerve Draw and label the pathways
More informationReflexes. Dr. Baizer
Reflexes Dr. Baizer 1 Learning objectives: reflexes Students will be able to describe: 1. The clinical importance of testing reflexes. 2. The essential components of spinal reflexes. 3.The stretch reflex.
More informationTerminology, Muscle Structure, and Muscle Function
Terminology, Muscle Structure, and Muscle Function 1 Terminology International anatomic terminology Terminologia Anatomica (TA): international standard on human anatomic terminology Latin is basis for
More informationSkin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand)
Lecture 19 revised 03/10 The Somatic Sensory System Skin- the largest sensory organ we have Also protects from evaporation, infection. Skin types: hairy and glabrous (e.g. back vs. palm of hand) 2 major
More informationLesson 33. Objectives: References: Chapter 16: Reading for Next Lesson: Chapter 16:
Lesson 33 Lesson Outline: Nervous System Structure and Function Neuronal Tissue Supporting Cells Neurons Nerves Functional Classification of Neuronal Tissue Organization of the Nervous System Peripheral
More informationNeuromuscular Junction (NMJ) Skeletal Muscle Structure. Motor Unit. Motor Units. Chapter 12 Outline
Chapter 12 Outline Skeletal Muscles Mechanisms of Contraction Contractions of Skeletal Muscle Energy Requirements of Skeletal Muscle Neural Control of Skeletal Muscles Cardiac and Smooth Muscle Muscle
More informationPathways of proprioception
The Autonomic Nervous Assess Prof. Fawzia Al-Rouq Department of Physiology College of Medicine King Saud University Pathways of proprioception System posterior column& Spinocerebellar Pathways https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pmeropok6v8
More informationWhen a muscle contracts, it knows no direction; it simply shortens. Lippert
When a muscle contracts, it knows no direction; it simply shortens. Lippert Muscle is the sole producer of active force in the body which makes it responsible for all active motions. Muscles also control
More informationSpinal nerves. Aygul Shafigullina. Department of Morphology and General Pathology
Spinal nerves Aygul Shafigullina Department of Morphology and General Pathology Spinal nerve a mixed nerve, formed in the vicinity of an intervertebral foramen, where fuse a dorsal root and a ventral root,
More informationMCAT Biology Problem Drill 18: The Muscular System
MCAT Biology Problem Drill 18: The Muscular System Question No. 1 of 10 Question 1. Which statement about muscles is correct? Question #01 A. Muscles have an origin that is usually attached to a movable
More informationINTEGRATED SKELETAL MUSCLE FUNCTION 1
INTEGRATED SKELETAL MUSCLE FUNCTION 1 Summary: The events of isometric and isotonic twitches and tetany in skeletal muscles are discussed with special attention on the role of the series elastic elements.
More informationNeuromuscular Mechanics
Schematic Representation of Motor Units in Skeletal Muscle Neuromuscular Mechanics Hamill & Knutzen (Ch 4) Whatever text you read do not focus on motorneuron structure and sensory receptors Muscle Fibres
More informationCh. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile
Ch. 47 Somatic Sensations: Tactile and Position Senses (Reading Homework) - Somatic senses: three types (1) Mechanoreceptive somatic senses: tactile and position sensations (2) Thermoreceptive senses:
More informationChapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation.
Chapter 14: Integration of Nervous System Functions I. Sensation A. General Organization 1. General senses have receptors a. The somatic senses provide information about & 1. Somatic senses include: a.
More informationTHE MOTOR INNERVATION OF A TRIPLY INNERVATED CRUSTACEAN MUSCLE
THE MOTOR INNERVATION OF A TRIPLY INNERVATED CRUSTACEAN MUSCLE A. VAN HARREVELD The William G. Kerckhoff Laboratories of the Biological Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
More informationσυν together απτειν to clasp 2h Neuroscience with Pharmacology Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes Cogito, ergo sum ( I think therefore I am ) Down
2h Neuroscience with Pharmacology Functions and Mechanisms of Reflexes Neuroscience is studied at many different levels: from brain, to system, network, neurone, synapse, and molecule... Top Up Down René
More informationAssignment 4: Muscle Structure and Function
Assignment 4: Muscle Structure and Function Unit 2: Chapter 5 Part A Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle is true: A) Skeletal muscles are usually linked
More informationNEURONS Chapter Neurons: specialized cells of the nervous system 2. Nerves: bundles of neuron axons 3. Nervous systems
NEURONS Chapter 12 Figure 12.1 Neuronal and hormonal signaling both convey information over long distances 1. Nervous system A. nervous tissue B. conducts electrical impulses C. rapid communication 2.
More informationFÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE DE GYMNASTIQUE. Av. de la Gare Lausanne Suisse Tél. (41-32) Fax (41-32)
FÉDÉRATION INTERNATIONALE DE GYMNASTIQUE Av. de la Gare 12 1003 Lausanne Suisse Tél. (41-32) 494 64 10 Fax (41-32) 494 64 19 e-mail: info@fig-gymnastics.org www. fig-gymnastics.com FIG ACADEMY Physiology
More information(Received 10 April 1956)
446 J. Physiol. (I956) I33, 446-455 A COMPARISON OF FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR REFLEXES OF MUSCULAR ORIGIN BY M. G. F. FUORTES AND D. H. HUBEL From the Department ofneurophysiology, Walter Reed Army Institute
More information1. Differences in function of the 3 muscle types: a) Skeletal Muscle b) Cardiac Muscle c) Smooth Muscle
Ch 9: Muscle Physiology Objectives: 1. Review 3 muscle types and how they are regulated. 2. Review muscle anatomy. 3. Sliding filament theory of how muscles contract and relax. 4. Energetics of muscle
More informationMUSCLE HYPOTONIA, MUSCLE IMBALANCE AND PAIN
MUSCLE HYPOTONIA, MUSCLE IMBALANCE AND PAIN А. Subject of Study 1.Topical Character In manual medicine the subject of study is the muscular-skeletal system dysfunction such as Muscle shortening, Trigger
More informationExercise associated muscle cramps & Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
Exercise associated muscle cramps & Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Dr Rob Collins Sports Physician www.ilovesport.co.za Exercise Associated Muscle Cramps Definition Painful, spasmodic, involuntary contractions
More informationMUSCLE TISSUE (MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY) PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE
PART I: MUSCLE STRUCTURE Muscle Tissue A primary tissue type, divided into: skeletal muscle cardiac muscle smooth muscle Functions of Skeletal Muscles Produce skeletal movement Maintain body position Support
More informationMuscular System - Part III. Tension, Contractions, & Metabolism
Do Now: What is the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron at the NMJ? When it binds to sarcolemma receptors, what occurs? To what does calcium bind? What occurs when this bond forms? Muscular
More informationChapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue
Chapter 9 - Muscle and Muscle Tissue I. Overview of muscle tissue A. Three muscle types in the body: B. Special characteristics 1. Excitability: able to receive and respond to a stimulus 2. Contractility:
More informationNeurophysiology Lab (Adapted From the Joy of Lab )
Neurophysiology Lab (Adapted From the Joy of Lab ) Introduction: The nervous system operates by receiving input, processing information, and then providing output. The input is detected by structures called
More informationPain. Pain. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Pain: One definition. Psyc 2906: Sensation--Introduction 9/27/2006
Pain Pain Pain: One Definition Classic Paths A new Theory Pain and Drugs According to the international Association for the Study (Merskey & Bogduk, 1994), Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
More informationSITES OF FAILURE IN MUSCLE FATIGUE
of 4 SITES OF FAILURE IN MUSCLE FATIGUE Li-Qun Zhang -4 and William Z. Rymer,2,4 Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Departments of 2 Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,
More informationCHAPTER 6 2/9/2016. Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common.
Learning Objectives List the four traits that all muscle types have in common. CHAPTER 6 The Muscular System Demonstrate and explain the use of antagonistic muscle pairs. Describe the attachment of muscle
More informationEQA DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: INFLUENCE OF MUSCLE FIBER TYPE ON MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Influence of Muscle Fiber Type on Muscle Contraction
0907T_c13_205-218.qxd 1/25/05 11:05 Page 209 EXERCISE 13 CONTRACTION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE 209 Aerobic cellular respiration produces ATP slowly, but can produce large amounts of ATP over time if there is
More informationPOSITIONAL RELEASE: Strain-Counterstrain. Theresa A. Schmidt, DPT,MS,OCS,LMT,CEAS,CHy.
To comply with professional boards/associations standards: I declare that I or my family do not have any financial relationship in any amount, occurring in the last 12 months with a commercial interest
More informationMuscle Tissue. General concepts. Classification of muscle. I. Functional classification is based on the type of neural control.
Muscle Tissue LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Identify the three types of muscle tissue at the light microscopic level. 2. List and compare the structural and functional features of each of the three muscle fiber
More informationCHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 10 THE SOMATOSENSORY SYSTEM 10.1. SOMATOSENSORY MODALITIES "Somatosensory" is really a catch-all term to designate senses other than vision, hearing, balance, taste and smell. Receptors that could
More informationTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM III
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM III Small Review Review What is this? A neuron What does it do? Receives and transmits information Sending a signal How are signals sent in the nervous system? Message travels from neuron
More information