Introduction to Canine Anatomy and Physiology. Anatomical Vocabulary, Basic Functions and Anatomy of the Dog Lecture 1

Transcription

1 Introduction to Canine Anatomy and Physiology Anatomical Vocabulary, Basic Functions and Anatomy of the Dog Lecture 1 1

2 Lecture Content Basic Anatomical Concepts Anatomy and Physiology terminology Anatomy Scales and Levels of Organization Directional Terms Anatomical Positions Anatomical Planes and Axes Organs and Organ Systems Nervous System Organization Central NS Reflexes Peripheral NS Sympathetic NS Parasympathetic NS Neurons and other NS Cells 2

3 Body Cavities Digestive System Organization Cranial Portion Abdominal Portion Accessory Glands Cardiovascular System Organization The Blood The Heart Blood Vessels Circulation Respiratory System Organization Conduction System 3

4 Urinary System The Kidneys Ureters, Bladder and Urethra Reproductive System Female Reproductive System The Heat Cycle Male Reproductive System Testosterone Endocrine System Endocrine Glands The Senses The Sense of Sight The Sense of Hearing The Sense of Smell 4

5 Canine Skeletal System and Arthrology Anatomy and Physiology of the Skeleton and Joints of the Dog Lecture 2

6 Lecture Content Basic Concepts Functions of the Skeletal System Bone Tissue Bone Cells Connective Tissue Cartilage Joints Synarthrosis Fibrous Joints Cartilaginous Joints Synovial Joints Inconstant Structures Movements in Synovial Joints Types of Synovial Joints 6

7 Axial Skeleton Functions and Organization The Skull Skull Bones Neurocranium Facial Skeleton The Mandible The Vertebral Column Vertebrae Cervical Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacral Bone Caudal Vertebrae and Ribs The Sternum Important Ligaments of the Axial Skeleton 7

8 Thoracic Limb Functions and Organizations Pectoral Girdle The Arm The Forearm The Forepaw Thoracic Limbs Joints Shoulder Joint Elbow Joint Carpal Joints Phalangeal Joints Pelvic Limb Functions and Organization Pelvic Girdle The Leg The Crus The Hindpaw 8

9 Pelvic Limb (cont.) Pelvic Limb Joints The Hip Joint The Stifle Joint Tarsal Joint Statics and Dynamics Basic Concepts Architecture of the Trunk The Forelimb The Hindlimb Normal Gaits of the Dog The Walk The Trot The Pace The Gallop 9

10 Canine Muscular System and Exercise Anatomy and Physiology of the Muscles of the Dog and Exercise Physiology Lecture 3 10

11 Lecture Content Basic Concepts Functions of The Muscles The Sarcomere Types of Muscle Connective Tissue Muscles of the Head and Trunk Cutaneous Muscles Muscles of the Head Facial Musculature Mandibular Muscles Muscles of the Neck Epaxial Muscles Muscles of the Thoracic Wall Muscles of the Abdominal Wall Muscles of the Tail 11

12 Thoracic Limb General Structure Girdle Musculature Muscles of the Shoulder Joint Muscles of the Elbow Joint Muscles of the Radioulnar Joint Muscles of the Carpal Joints Muscles of the Digits Pelvic Limb General Structure Pelvic Girdle Musculature Rump Muscles Hamstring Muscles Medial Muscles of the Thigh 12

13 Pelvic Limb (cont.) Inner Pelvic Muscles Muscles of the Stifle Muscles of the Crus Cráneo Lateral Muscles Caudal Muscles Exercise Physiology What is Exercise? Exercise Substrates Hormonal Regulation in Exercise Exercise Limiting Factors Systems of the Body During Exercise 13

14 Physical exercise through life stages: What happens when your dog doesn t exercise? Why should your dog exercise? Exercise tips for Puppies Puppy s Exercise Requirements Considerations for Adult Dogs Dog Exercise Alternatives Exercise tips for Senior Dogs Other ways to Exercise Senior Dogs 14