Slow or Fast lsokinetic Training after

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Slow or Fast lsokinetic Training after"

Transcription

1 /87/ $02.00/0 THE JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY Copyright by The Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association Slow or Fast lsokinetic Training after - Knee Ligament Surgery* ROLAND THOMEE, PT,t PER RENSTROM,* MD, GUNNAR GRIMBY, MD,t LARS PETERSON, MD* In order to evaluate the importance of training speed and training dose and its effect on muscle morphology, 16 patients operated on for an anterior cruciate ligament injury were randomly divided into two groups for isokinetic training. One group trained with slow speed (60 O/sec), 10 x 10 repetitions and one group with fast speed (180 O/sec), 10 x 15 repetitions. The effect of 8 weeks training three times per week was evaluated with Cybex I/@ strength tests, muscle biopsies, and computed tomography of the thigh muscles. No significant differences between the two groups were noted although the fast speed training group showed tendencies to increase in strength more at higher speeds than did the slow speed training group. Within the fast speed training group the increases at higher speeds were significantly larger than at slower speeds. There was also a tendency toward a larger increase of the cross-sectional area of the fast twitch fibers in the fast speed training group. There was no significant difference in the increase of the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscles between the two groups. The large dose of training did not yield larger increases in strength compared to one of our earlier studies that used 3 x 10 repetitions. t An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to the knee is traumatic to the patient. The rehabilitation is usually long and demanding. Surgery can restore the passive stability of the knee and the following rehabilitation restores the functional stability, which is a combination of strength, flexibility, coordination, balance, and functional abilit~.~ To participate in most sports an athlete must be able to do fast turns in all directions, starts and stops, and different types of jumps. All these requirements put a great demand on the rehabilitation program, especially the strength training which is one of many important factors that contribute to full recovery after ACL surgery. Atrophy following surgery and a couple of weeks in a cast will lead to a large reduction in strength as compared to the noninjured After an ACL surgery it also takes several weeks until dynamic strength training can start. lsokinetic training has been reported to result in a strength increase of 0.7% per day. This 'This study was supported by a grant from the Swedish Medical Research Council (project 03888). increase was not accompanied with more marked changes in muscle morphology but the training period was only 6 weeks.7 Of great interest was to see how the muscle morphology reacted when a very intense strength training period of a somewhat longer duration was used. Speed specific increases in strength have been demonstrated in healthy young individual^.^^'^ The effect of two different speeds of training was therefore compared. The purpose of this study was to: -collect data regarding strength qualities from patients just starting the isokinetic training -see if the changes in strength were different in knee extension as compared to knee flexion -see if a larger training dose compared to an earlier study7 would result in a larger increase in strength -see if there were any differences between training at a slow speed (60 /sec) as compared to a fast speed (180 /sec) t Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgren's Hospital, Gothen- -follow the muscle morphological changes burg University, S Goteborg, Sweden. that take place during an intense strength S Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gothenburg University. Goteborg, Sweden. training period. 475

2 476 THOMEE ET AL JOSPT Vol. 8, No. 10 SUBJECTS Sixteen patients (14 men and 2 women) who had undergone a surgical reconstruction of the ACL participated in the study. The mean age was 24.6 years (range 17-31) at the time of surgery. The mean time from surgery to the start of the training was 6 months (range 3-12); 75% of the injuries occurred during soccer and the rest during other sport activities. There was no significant difference between the two training groups in the above data. The patients were chosen to participate in the study on the basis of the following criteria: -Surgical reconstruction of the ACL, 3 weeks. in a full leg cast and 3 weeks in a knee cast. During the cast period the knee was in of knee flexion. -Rehabilitated by a standard protocol at the Department of Physical Therapy at Sahlgrens Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Before the study started, all patients were informed about the test and training protocols and a written consent was signed. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Gothenburg. METHODS A clinical examination was done on all patients including knee stability tests. No patient was found to have a positive Lachman's sign or pivot shift. When the patients had a pain-free range of motion of ' of knee flexion and normal gait the patient was sent to the pretraining tests. Isometric and lsokinetic Strength The strength test was done twice with 3 days between using a Cybex II@ (Cybex, Division of Lumex, Inc., Ronkonkoma, NY 11779) muscle dynamometer modified with a strain gauge. The torque curves were recorded on a Tectronix x-y oscilloscope and photographed with a Polaroid camera. Before testing, a warm-up consisting of 5 minutes of bicycling on 75 Watts resistance and 5 minutes on 150 Watts was made on an ergometer bicycle. The patient was then seated in the testing chair and fastened around the waist and trunk with the hip at approximately 11 O0 in flexion. Both legs and the patients' back were supported by the chair, the arms were kept crossed over the chest, and the nontested leg was allowed to hang free. The axis of the knee joint was then aligned with the axis of the Cybex dynamometer resistance arm. The lower leg was fastened to the resistance arm at approximately 10 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus of the fibula. Ten submaximal contractions at an angular velocity of 90 /sec were then done and, for each test-setting, 2-3 submaximal warm-ups were made before the patient was allowed to make a maximal effort. The isometric tests for knee extension strength were made at 30,60, and 90' of knee flexion. On each setting, 3-5 maximal tries were made with 30 sec rest between each try and 1 minute rest between the different settings. The isokinetic tests for knee extension and knee flexion strength were done at angular velocities of 30,60,120,180, and 300 /sec. The same number of tries and the same rest periods were used as for the isometric tests. Peak torque values were recorded. Muscle Biopsy Muscle biopsies were made with the needle biopsy technique in both legs from the vastus lateralis muscle at a depth of 2-3 cm.' The site was chosen 20 cm proximal to the knee joint. The biopsies were trimmed, mounted, and frozen in cooled isopenthan and a histological evaluation was made as described earlier.' Only 10 patients participated in this part of the study; 4 patients refused or were unable to participate and 2 samples did not allow analysis. Computed Tomography Computed tomography using an EM1 CT-1010 head scanner was made on both legs at the same level of the thigh as the biopsies were taken. Due to technical problems with the scanner, only 6 patients were successfully evaluated both preand post-training. The tomography was displaced on a screen and polaroid pictures were taken. The areas of the quadriceps and the vastus lateralis muscles were measured with a planimeter from an enlargement (4.1 times) of the picture. Training The subjects were randomly assigned to either a slow speed training group (called the slow group) or a fast speed training group (called the

3 JOSPT April 1987 SLOW OR FAST ISOKlNETlC TRAINING fast group). The slow group trained at a slow speed of 60 /sec and the fast group trained at a fast speed of 1 80 /sec. The number of sets were gradually increased from 3 sets of 10 repetitions to 10 sets of 10 repetitions in the slow group. In the fast group the increase was made from 3 sets of 15 repetitions to 10 sets of 15 repetitions. After 8 weeks of training 3 days a week the patients were retested with the strength tests, muscle biopsies, and computed tomography. The statistical evaluation was made with the Wilcoxon signed rank test and rank sum test. RESULTS Muscle Strength There was no significant difference in results from the two strength tests that were done before training. Individual results varied up to 5%. Before training there was no significant difference in strength between the two groups. The 8 weeks of training showed a significant (p < 0.01) increase in both groups in knee extension and knee flexion strength in the operated leg on all isometric and isokinetic strength. tests (Figs. 1 and 2). there was no significant difference between the two groups. In the nonoperated leg there was no significant difference in strength between the two training groups and no significant increases were seen after training. Before training it was found that the average strength on all isometric and isokinetic strength tests was reduced to 56% [standard error of the mean (SEM) = 0.71 in knee extension Isomccric After Wq i Before trai-+q Fig. 1. Isometric and isokinetic quadriceps strength in the operated leg before and after training. Peak torque values (mean and SEM) are shown for the slow speed training group (S) and for the fast speed training group (F). Bdontrainhg Fig. 2. lsokinetic hamstring strength in the operated leg before and after training. Peak torque values (mean and SEM) are shown for the slow speed training group (S) and for the fast speed training group (F). TABLE 1 Average fiber distribution of slow twitch (ST), fast twitch type a (FTa), and fast twitch type b (FTb) in the operated and the nonoperated leg before training. Values are shown in percent for the slow speed training group (S) and the fast speed training group (F). Within parentheses are shown the SEM. Fiber type Operated leg Nonoperated leg S F S F ST SEM FTa (5.1) 32 (9.0) 33 (5.9) 37 (3.7) 41 SEM FTb (3.5) 21 (8.7) 22 (2.2) 17 (3.9) 22 SEM (5.5) (1.5) (5.2) (0.25) of the operated leg as compared to the nonoperated leg., the strength was increased to 74% (SEM = 2.0). The knee flexion strength increased from 78% (SEM = 1.3) to 102% (SEM = 1.I). In knee extension there was a tendency to speed-specific increase in strength at 300 /sec in the fast group. An increase of 82% (SEM = 29.9) was noted as compared to 38% (SEM = 38.8) in the slow group. Within the fast group there was a significantly (p c 0.05) larger increase in knee extension strength at 300 /sec as compared to 30 /sec. A tendency to speedspecific increase in strength was seen in knee flexion as well. At 1 80 /sec the increase was 51 % (SEM = 13.7) in the fast group as compared to 24% (SEM = 7.9) in the slow group. Within the fast group the knee flexion strength increased significantly ( p c 0.05) more at 1 80 /sec as compared to 30 /sec. Muscle Morphology The average fiber distribution in the operated and non-operated leg is shown in Table 1. No

4 478 THOMEE ET AL JOSPT Vol. 8, No. 10 significant difference in fiber area, relative fiber area, and fiber distribution was shown when comparing the two training groups or when comparing pre- and post-training. However, in the fast group there was a tendency to an increase of the crosssectional area of the fast twitch (FT-a) fibers after the 8 weeks of training. As shown in Figure 3, the mean cross-sectional area of the FT-a fibers in the fast group in the operated leg increased from 4.79 pm2 x (SEM = 0.82) to 6.31 pm2 x (SEM = 0.52). This tendency was not seen in the slow group. The cross-sectional fiber areas in the nonoperated leg was larger for all fiber types both before and after training than in the operated leg (Fig. 4). FIBER AREA T (WLEG) ST FTa FTb Mean Be* training Fig. 3. Cross-sectional fiber areas in the operated leg for the slow speed training group (S) and the fast speed training group (F) before and after training. Mean and SEM are shown for the slow twitch (ST), fast twitch type a (FTa), fast twitch type b (FTb), and for the average fiber (Mean). FIBER AREA 1 (NON Oi? LEG) Quadriceps Cross-sectional Area For the two groups combined, the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps and the vastus lateralis muscle increased in all subjects but one (Fig. 5). The average cross-sectional area of the quadriceps for the two groups combined increased from 67.7 cm (SEM = 4.7) to 71.8 cm2 (SEM = 4.2) in the operated leg and from 83.2 cm2 (SEM = 4.8) to 87.3 cm2 SEM = 3.6) in the nonoperated leg. For the vastus lateralis muscle the increase was from 36.0 (SEM = 3.7) to 38.8 (SEM = 3.4) for the operated leg and 45.4 (SEM = 3.1) to 47.9 (SEM = 2.3) in the nonoperated leg. The increases, however, were not significant. DISCUSSION As seen in the results from the present study, an ACL injury followed by surgery and immobilization will result in a large reduction in muscular strength as well as a reduction in the size of the muscle fibers and the cross-sectional area of the thigh muscles. This is in agreement with other author^.^^^^^^'' In this study, the isokinetic strength training started at about 6 months postsurgery. In the operated leg the knee extension strength in- 100 QUADRICEPS T VASTUS LAT. 1 Betore training Fig. 4. Cross-sectional fiber areas in the nonoperated leg for the slow speed training group (S) and the fast speed training group (F) before and after training. Mean and SEM are shown for the slow twitch (ST), fast twitch type a (FTa), fast twitch type b (FTb), and for the average fiber (Mean). Before training Fig. 5. Cross-sectional areas (mean and SEM) of the quadriceps and vastus lateralis muscles for the two training groups combined before and after training as measured by computed tomography.

5 JOSPT April 1987 SLOW OR FAST ISC )KINETIC TRAINING 479 creased from 56 to 74% and the knee flexion strength increased from 78 to 102% as compared to the nonoperated leg. In the study by Grimby et al7 the training started 14 months postsurgery and the knee extension strength increased from 78 to 100%. The increase in knee extension strength per day was the same in both studies (0.7%) despite the larger training dose used in this study. A number of studies show a selective atrophy of slow twitch fibers in the vastus lateralis in patients operated on for an ACL injury when biopsies are taken close to the removal of the The study by Grimby et a1.,7 as well as this study in which the biopsies are taken at a later stage of the rehabilitation, show a more general atrophy with a dominance of atrophy of the fast twitch fibers. Neither this nor the earlier study7 showed any large morphological changes from strength training at this stage of the rehabilitation and therefore the increases in strength from isokinetic strength training cannot be explained mainly by an increase in size of the muscle fibers. This is in agreement with the findings of lngemann and Halkjaer- Kristensen" who trained healthy individuals for 5 weeks and found that the increase of quadriceps cross-sectional area was significantly smaller than the increase in strength. The increases in strength could therefore partly be explained by some increase in the size of the muscle fibers, partly by a reduction in pain inhibition and partly by the influence of neural factors as the increased inflow of impulses to the motor neuron, motor endplate, and to the muscle fibers probably results in a better recruitment pattern with an increased number of motor units activated and with better synchr~nization.~~~~~~'~-'~ The specificity of training that is seen in healthy young individuals3*'* can also be seen after surgery as the fast group showed tendencies to make larger increases in strength at the higher speeds in both knee extension and flexion. Within the fast group a significantly larger increase in strength in knee extension as well as knee flexion was seen at fast speed as compared to slow. lngemann and Halkjaer-Kristensen,' on the contrary, found no specificity of training but this can be due to several factors. Their subjects started the training as early as 7 days after cast removal and therefore pain might be a limiting factor re- sulting in a lower training level. Also, one can expect an inflammatory reaction from dynamic training at this stage which would further lower the training level. Furthermore, they used a shorter training period and a lower training dose as compared to the present study. The tendency to increased cross-sectional area of the FT-a fibers in the fast group further supports the findings that there is some specificity of fast speed training. The authors are indebted to Laboratory Assistant Marita Hedberg for excellent work with the analysis of the muscle biopsies and for drawing all figures. REFERENCES 1. Bergstrijm J: Muscle electrolytes in man. Scand J Clin Lab Invest (Suppl68), Clark DH: Adaptations in strength and muscular endurance resulting from exercise. Exercise Sports Sci Rev 1 :73-102, Coyle EF, Feiring DC, Rotkis DC, Cote RW Ill, Roby FB, Lee W, Wilmore JH: Specificity of power improvements through slow and fast isokinetic training. J Appl Physiol 51: , Edgerton VR: Neuromuscular adaptations to power and endurance work. Can J Sports Sci 1 :49-58, Edstrom L: Selective atrophy of red muscle fibre in the quadriceps in long-standing knee-joint dysfunction. J Neurol Sci 11: , Goldberg AL, Etlinger JD, Goldspink DF, Jablecki C: Mechanism of hypertrophy of skeletal muscle. Med Sci Sports 7: , Grimby G, Gustafsson E, Peterson L, Renstrm P: Quadriceps function and training after knee ligament surgery. Med Sci Sports Exerc 12:70-75, Haggmark T, Jansson E, Eriksson E: Fiber type area and metabolic potential of the thigh muscle in man after knee injury and immobilisation. Int J Sports Med 2:12-17, Ingemann-Hansen T, Halkjaer-Kristensen J: Physical training of the hypotrophic quadriceps muscle in man. Scand J Rehabil Med (Suppl) 13:38-44, Ingemann-Hansen T, Halkjaer-Kristensen J: Physical training of the hypotrophic quadriceps muscle in man. Scand J Rehabil Med (Suppl) 13:50-55, Ingemann-Hansen T, Halkjaer-Kristensen J: Wasting of the human quadriceps muscle after knee ligament injuries. Scand J Rehabil Med (Suppl) 13:12-20, Jenkins WL, Thackaberry M, Killian C: Speed-specific isokinetic training. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 6: , Komi PV, Viitasalo JT, Raurama R, Vihko V: Effect of isometric strength training on mechanical, electrical and metabolic aspects of muscle function. Eur J Applied Physiol 40:45-55, McDonagh MJN, Davies CTM: Adaptive response of mammalian skeletal muscle to exercise with loads. Eur J Applied Physiol 52: , Stokes M, Young A: The contribution of reflex inhibition to arthrogenous muscle weakness. Clin Sci 67:7-14, Young A, Stokes M, Round JM. Edwards RHT: The effect of highresistance training on the strength and cross-sectional area of the human quadriceps. Eur J Clin Invest 13: ,1983

Effect of cold treatment on the concentric and eccentric torque-velocity relationship of the quadriceps femoris

Effect of cold treatment on the concentric and eccentric torque-velocity relationship of the quadriceps femoris Effect of cold treatment on the concentric and eccentric torque-velocity relationship of the quadriceps femoris By: Kerriann Catlaw *, Brent L. Arnold, and David H. Perrin Catlaw, K., Arnold, B.L., & Perrin,

More information

Intramachine and intermachine reproducibility of concentric performance: A study of the Con-Trex MJ and the Cybex Norm dynamometers

Intramachine and intermachine reproducibility of concentric performance: A study of the Con-Trex MJ and the Cybex Norm dynamometers Isokinetics and Exercise Science 12 (4) 91 97 91 IOS Press Intramachine and intermachine reproducibility of concentric performance: A study of the Con-Trex MJ and the Cybex Norm dynamometers C. Bardis

More information

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND BIO-SCIENCE

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND BIO-SCIENCE A STUDY TO ANALYSE THE ISOMETRIC STRENGTH AND ISOKINETIC PEAK TORQUES OF HAMSTRING AND QUADRICEPS AT DIFFERENT ANGLES AND ANGULAR VELOCITY OF KNEE USING ISOKINETIC DEVICE IN NORMAL INDIVIDUALS SHANTHI

More information

Resistive Eccentric Exercise: Effects of Visual

Resistive Eccentric Exercise: Effects of Visual Resistive Eccentric Exercise: Effects of Visual Feed back on Maximum Moment of Knee Extensors and Flexors Eleftherios Kellis, BScl Vasilios Baltzopoulos, Ph D, M Phil, BSc2 Copyright 1996. All rights reserved.

More information

Effect of Preload and Range of Motion on Isokinetic Torque in Women

Effect of Preload and Range of Motion on Isokinetic Torque in Women Effect of Preload and Range of Motion on Isokinetic Torque in Women By: Laurie L. Tis, David H. Perrin, Arthur Weltman, Donald W. Ball, and Joe H. Gieck * Tis, L.L., Perrin, D.H., Weltman, A., Ball, D.W.,

More information

The Reliability of Four Different Methods. of Calculating Quadriceps Peak Torque Angle- Specific Torques at 30, 60, and 75

The Reliability of Four Different Methods. of Calculating Quadriceps Peak Torque Angle- Specific Torques at 30, 60, and 75 The Reliability of Four Different Methods. of Calculating Quadriceps Peak Torque Angle- Specific Torques at 30, 60, and 75 By: Brent L. Arnold and David H. Perrin * Arnold, B.A., & Perrin, D.H. (1993).

More information

Eccentric and Concentric Force-Velocity Relationships of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle

Eccentric and Concentric Force-Velocity Relationships of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Eccentric and Concentric Force-Velocity Relationships of the Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Nancy M. Cress, MS, PT' Kristin S. Peters, MS, PT2 \die M. Chandler, MS, PT3 unctional activity involves patterns

More information

IJPHY. Effect of isometric quadriceps strengthening exercise at multiple angles in knee joint among normal adults. ABSTRACT ORIGINAL RESEARCH

IJPHY. Effect of isometric quadriceps strengthening exercise at multiple angles in knee joint among normal adults. ABSTRACT ORIGINAL RESEARCH IJPHY ORIGINAL RESEARCH Effect of isometric quadriceps strengthening exercise at multiple angles in knee joint among normal adults. Jibi Paul 1 Pradeep Balakrishnan 2 ABSTRACT Introduction: Strengthening

More information

POST-ACTIVATION POTENTIATION AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE. Cody Hardwick

POST-ACTIVATION POTENTIATION AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE. Cody Hardwick POST-ACTIVATION POTENTIATION AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE Cody Hardwick Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree Master of Science in Kinesiology In the School of Public Health

More information

Maximal isokinetic and isometric muscle strength of major muscle groups related to age, body weight, height, and sex in 178 healthy subjects

Maximal isokinetic and isometric muscle strength of major muscle groups related to age, body weight, height, and sex in 178 healthy subjects Maximal isokinetic and isometric muscle strength of major muscle groups related to age, body weight, height, and sex in 178 healthy subjects Test protocol Muscle test procedures. Prior to each test participants

More information

Strength is Speciic By Chris Beardsley Extract from version 2.0

Strength is Speciic By Chris Beardsley Extract from version 2.0 Strength is Speciic By Chris Beardsley Extract from version 2.0 Strength and Condiioning Research 1. WHY ARE STRENGTH GAINS SPECIFIC? Getting strong is really, really important. In fact, strength is probably

More information

Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System

Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System Hamill & Knutzen (Ch 3) Nordin & Frankel (Ch 5), or Hall (Ch. 6) Muscle Properties Ø Irritability Ø Muscle has the capability of receiving

More information

Validity of Data Extraction Techniques on the Kinetic Communicator (KinCom) Isokinetic Device

Validity of Data Extraction Techniques on the Kinetic Communicator (KinCom) Isokinetic Device Validity of Data Extraction Techniques on the Kinetic Communicator (KinCom) Isokinetic Device By: Laurie L. Tis, PhD, AT,C * and David H. Perrin, PhD, AT,C Tis, L.L., & Perrin, D.H. (1993). Validity of

More information

Comparison of N-K Table Offset Angles with the Human Knee Flexor Torque Curve

Comparison of N-K Table Offset Angles with the Human Knee Flexor Torque Curve Comparison of N-K Table Offset Angles with the Human Knee Flexor Torque Curve By: Daniel J. LaPlaca *, Douglas R. Keskula, Kristinn I. Heinrichs, and David H. Perrin LaPlaca, D.J., Keskula, D., Heinrichs,

More information

Can Muscle Power Be Estimated From Thigh Bulk Measurements? A Preliminary Study

Can Muscle Power Be Estimated From Thigh Bulk Measurements? A Preliminary Study Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 1999, 8.50-59 O 1999 Human Kinetics Publishers, Inc. Can Muscle Power Be Estimated From Thigh Bulk Measurements? A Preliminary Study Eric Maylia, John A. Fairclough, Leonard

More information

Rehabilitation Guidelines for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction

Rehabilitation Guidelines for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction Rehabilitation Guidelines for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction The knee is the body's largest joint, and the place where the femur, tibia, and patella meet to form a hinge-like joint. These

More information

Chapter 20: Muscular Fitness and Assessment

Chapter 20: Muscular Fitness and Assessment Chapter 20: Muscular Fitness and Assessment American College of Sports Medicine. (2010). ACSM's resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (6th ed.). New York: Lippincott, Williams

More information

Effects of cutaneous and joint receptors on the in vivo quadriceps femoris torque-velocity relationship

Effects of cutaneous and joint receptors on the in vivo quadriceps femoris torque-velocity relationship Effects of cutaneous and joint receptors on the in vivo quadriceps femoris torque-velocity relationship By: B.L. Arnold *, D.H. Perrin, D.M. Kahler, B.M. Gansneder, and J.H. Gieck ** Arnold, B.L., Perrin,

More information

Movement, Health & Exercise, 1(1), 39-48, 2012

Movement, Health & Exercise, 1(1), 39-48, 2012 Movement, Health & Exercise, 1(1), 39-48, 2012 Introduction Although strength training is a widespread activity and forms an important part of training for many sports, little is known about optimum training

More information

File: ISOCINETICS AD RECREATION2.doc

File: ISOCINETICS AD RECREATION2.doc File: ISOCINETICS AD RECREATION2.doc Nataša Desnica Bakrač Cybex Center for Isokinetic diagnostics and rehabilitation, Voćarska 106, Zagreb, Croatia ISOKINETICS AND RECREATION Introduction In today s world

More information

Clinical Use of the Johnson Anti-Shear Device: How and Why to Use It

Clinical Use of the Johnson Anti-Shear Device: How and Why to Use It 0196-6011 /86/0706-0304$02.00/0 THE JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY Copyr~ght 8 1986 by The Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association

More information

Exercise Effect of Modified Contralateral Stabilization Bar During One-Legged Isokinetic Exercise

Exercise Effect of Modified Contralateral Stabilization Bar During One-Legged Isokinetic Exercise 177 Exercise Effect of Modified Contralateral Stabilization Bar During One-Legged Isokinetic Exercise Seong Woong Kang, MD, Jae Ho Moon, MD, Sae ll Chun, MD ABSTRACT. Kang SW, Moon JH, Chun S-I. Exercise

More information

The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle

The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle AML2506 Biomechanics and Flow Simulation Day 03B The Biomechanics of Human Skeletal Muscle Session Speaker Dr. M. D. Deshpande 1 Session Objectives At the end of this session the delegate would have understood

More information

Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System

Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System Biomechanics of Skeletal Muscle and the Musculoskeletal System Hamill & Knutzen (Ch 3) Nordin & Frankel (Ch 5), or Hall (Ch. 6) Muscle Properties 1 Muscle Properties (cont.) Functions of Muscle Produce

More information

Neither Stretching nor Postactivation Potentiation Affect Maximal Force and Rate of Force Production during Seven One-Minute Trials

Neither Stretching nor Postactivation Potentiation Affect Maximal Force and Rate of Force Production during Seven One-Minute Trials Neither Stretching nor Postactivation Potentiation Affect Maximal Force and Rate of Force Production during Seven One-Minute Trials David M. Bazett-Jones Faculty Sponsors: Jeffery M. McBride & M. R. McGuigan

More information

REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING A TWO TUNNEL GRAFT. Brace E-Z Wrap locked at zero degree extension, sleep in Brace

REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING A TWO TUNNEL GRAFT. Brace E-Z Wrap locked at zero degree extension, sleep in Brace Therapist Phone REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING A TWO TUNNEL GRAFT I. IMMEDIATE POST-OPERATIVE PHASE (Week 1) Control Swelling and Inflammation Obtain Full Passive Knee Extension

More information

NONOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL INJURY ( Program)

NONOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL INJURY ( Program) Therapist: Phone: NONOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL INJURY (3-3-4-4 Program) IMMEDIATE INJURY PHASE (Day 1 to Day 7) Restore full passive knee extension Diminish joint swelling and pain Restore

More information

Ibrahim Mustafa Altubasi. B.S. PT, University of Jordan, M.S. University of Pittsburgh, Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of

Ibrahim Mustafa Altubasi. B.S. PT, University of Jordan, M.S. University of Pittsburgh, Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of THE EFFECT OF NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (NMES) IN INDUCING MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY AND IMPROVEMENT IN MUSCLE TORQUE WITHIN THE QUADRICEPS MUSCLE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE by Ibrahim Mustafa Altubasi B.S.

More information

A Comparison of Performance Enhancement

A Comparison of Performance Enhancement Weight Training of the Thigh Muscles Using Closed Vs. Open Kinetic Chain Exercises: A Comparison of Performance Enhancement )esper Augustsson, BSc, PT' Anders Esko, BSc, PT2 Roland Thorn&, PhD, PT3 Ulla

More information

EFFECT OF TRAINING WITH NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON ELBOW FLEXION

EFFECT OF TRAINING WITH NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON ELBOW FLEXION Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2006) 5, 276-281 http://www.jssm.org Research article EFFECT OF TRAINING WITH NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON ELBOW FLEXION STRENGTH William R. Holcomb University

More information

Isokinetic Evaluation of Internal/External Tibial Rotation Strength After the Use of Hamstring Tendons for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Isokinetic Evaluation of Internal/External Tibial Rotation Strength After the Use of Hamstring Tendons for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Isokinetic Evaluation of Internal/External Tibial Rotation Strength After the Use of Hamstring Tendons for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Tanya Armour,* PhD, Lorie Forwell, MSc, PT, Robert Litchfield,

More information

GK Jane Division of Physical Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

GK Jane Division of Physical Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa ISO-INERTIAL MEASUREMENT OF MUSCULAR STRENGTH: AN ASSESSMENT ALTERNATIVE GK Jane Division of Physical Education, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa INTRODUCTION Success in many

More information

D.O.I: GEORGIOS DASTERIDIS, THEOPHILOS PILIANIDIS, NIKOLAOS MANTZOURANIS, NIKOLAOS AGGELOUSIS

D.O.I:   GEORGIOS DASTERIDIS, THEOPHILOS PILIANIDIS, NIKOLAOS MANTZOURANIS, NIKOLAOS AGGELOUSIS BIOLOGY OF EXERCISE VOLUME 8.1, 2012 The effects of athletics training on isometric strength and EMG activity in adolescent athletes D.O.I: http:doi.org/10.4127/jbe.2012.0053 GEORGIOS DASTERIDIS, THEOPHILOS

More information

D: there are no strength gains typically at this early stage in training

D: there are no strength gains typically at this early stage in training Name: KIN 410 Final Motor Control (B) units 6, + FALL 2016 1. Place your name at the top of this page of questions, and on the answer sheet. 2. Both question and answer sheets must be turned in. 3. Read

More information

OMICS - 3rd Int. Conference & 2

OMICS - 3rd Int. Conference & 2 KNEE OBJECTIVE STABILITY AND ISOKINETIC THIGH MUSCLE STRENGTH AFTER ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT (ACL) RECONSTRUCTION: A Randomized Six-Month Follow-Up Study M. Sajovic Department of Orthopedics and Sports

More information

H igh resistance training is known to enhance muscular

H igh resistance training is known to enhance muscular 370 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Fatigue is not a necessary stimulus for strength gains during resistance training J P Folland, C S Irish, J C Roberts, J E Tarr, D A Jones... See end of article for authors affiliations...

More information

Understanding Your ACL Injury

Understanding Your ACL Injury Scott Bissell, MD Connecticut Orthopedic Associates www.ctorthoassociates.com Understanding Your ACL Injury The ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament) is a commonly injured ligament in the knee. Please see the

More information

A descriptive profile of age-specific knee extension flexion strength in elite junior tennis players

A descriptive profile of age-specific knee extension flexion strength in elite junior tennis players 728 ORIGINAL ARTICLE A descriptive profile of age-specific knee extension flexion strength in elite junior tennis players Todd S Ellenbecker, E Paul Roetert, Tetsuro Sueyoshi, Scott Riewald... Br J Sports

More information

Clinical Problem Solving 2: Increasing Strength In A Patient With Post Polio Syndrome

Clinical Problem Solving 2: Increasing Strength In A Patient With Post Polio Syndrome Clinical Problem Solving 2: Increasing Strength In A Patient With Post Polio Syndrome By Caroline Owen October 3 rd 2016 Purpose 1. To present the physical therapy evaluation and treatment of a patient

More information

Fitness Intro. Freshmen PE

Fitness Intro. Freshmen PE Fitness Intro Freshmen PE Physical Fitness Are you able to get through your day easily without tiring? Does your body respond quickly when it needs to? Are you mentally alert in class? Do you feel good

More information

The Effect of High Volt Galvanic Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Torque

The Effect of High Volt Galvanic Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Torque 0196-6011/86/0706-0314$02.00/0 THE JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY Copyright 0 1986 by The Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association

More information

REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL PTG RECONSTRUCTION

REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL PTG RECONSTRUCTION REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL PTG RECONSTRUCTION I. IMMEDIATE POST OPERATIVE PHASE POD 1 POD 2 to 3 Brace: EZ Wrap brace locked at zero degrees extension or Protonics Rehab System (PRS) as directed by physician

More information

differentiate between the various types of muscle contractions; describe the factors that influence strength development;

differentiate between the various types of muscle contractions; describe the factors that influence strength development; CHAPTER 6 Muscles at Work After completing this chapter you should be able to: differentiate between the various types of muscle contractions; describe the factors that influence strength development;

More information

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction & PCL Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction & PCL Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair Page 1 of 7 Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction & PCL Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair PREOPERATIVE PHASE Goals: Diminish inflammation, swelling, and pain Restore

More information

Original Rehabilitation Guidelines for autologous chondrocyte transplantation in the knee

Original Rehabilitation Guidelines for autologous chondrocyte transplantation in the knee Original Rehabilitation Guidelines for autologous chondrocyte transplantation in the knee By courtesy of Prof. Lars Peterson of the Göthenborg Medical Center. Introduction Rehabilitation after a chondrocyte

More information

REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING Allograft

REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING Allograft Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Center Therapist Phone REHABILITATION PROTOCOL FOLLOWING PCL RECONSTRUCTION USING Allograft I. IMMEDIATE POST-OPERATIVE PHASE (Week 1) Control Swelling and Inflammation

More information

Knee Movement Coordination Deficits. ICD-9-CM: Sprain of cruciate ligament of knee

Knee Movement Coordination Deficits. ICD-9-CM: Sprain of cruciate ligament of knee 1 Knee Movement Coordination Deficits Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL Tear ICD-9-CM: 844.2 Sprain of cruciate ligament of knee ACL Insufficiency ICD-9-CM: 717.83 Old disruption of anterior cruciate ligament

More information

Re-establishing establishing Neuromuscular

Re-establishing establishing Neuromuscular Re-establishing establishing Neuromuscular Control Why is NMC Critical? What is NMC? Physiology of Mechanoreceptors Elements of NMC Lower-Extremity Techniques Upper-Extremity Techniques Readings Chapter

More information

ISOKINETIC MUSCLE STRENGTH IN NORMAL ADULTS: REVISITED. Cindy L. Smith and Nasreen F. Haideri Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas TX USA

ISOKINETIC MUSCLE STRENGTH IN NORMAL ADULTS: REVISITED. Cindy L. Smith and Nasreen F. Haideri Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas TX USA ISOKINETIC MUSCLE STRENGTH IN NORMAL ADULTS: REVISITED Cindy L. Smith and Nasreen F. Haideri Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas TX USA PURPOSE. Isokinetic strength testing has been accepted

More information

CHAPTER 15: KINESIOLOGY OF FITNESS AND EXERCISE

CHAPTER 15: KINESIOLOGY OF FITNESS AND EXERCISE CHAPTER 15: KINESIOLOGY OF FITNESS AND EXERCISE KINESIOLOGY Scientific Basis of Human Motion, 12th edition Hamilton, Weimar & Luttgens Presentation Created by TK Koesterer, Ph.D., ATC Humboldt State University

More information

Appendix 2: KNGF Evidence Statement for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation

Appendix 2: KNGF Evidence Statement for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation Appendix 2: KNGF Evidence Statement for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction rehabilitation Inclusion and exclusion criteria for rehabilitation according to the Evidence Statement Inclusion of patients

More information

Peak Torque Comparison between isam 9000 and Biodex Isokinetic Devices

Peak Torque Comparison between isam 9000 and Biodex Isokinetic Devices International Journal of Health Sciences September 2016, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 7-13 ISSN: 2372-5060 (Print), 2372-5079 (Online) Copyright The Author(s). All Rights Reserved. Published by American Research

More information

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair Page 1 of 7 Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction with Medial Collateral Ligament Repair PREOPERATIVE PHASE Goals: Diminish inflammation, swelling, and pain Restore normal range of

More information

The effect of fatigue on reactive strength in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed individuals

The effect of fatigue on reactive strength in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed individuals Northern Michigan University The Commons Conference Papers in Published Proceedings 2009 The effect of fatigue on reactive strength in anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed individuals Randall L. Jensen

More information

ISOKINETIC TESTING AND DATA INTERPRETATION

ISOKINETIC TESTING AND DATA INTERPRETATION ISOKINETIC TESTING AND DATA INTERPRETATION PRINCIPLES OF ISOKINETIC The principle behind Isokinetic exercise and testing is that the lever arm moves at a preset fixed speed allowing for accommodating resistance

More information

ACL REHABILITATION PROTOCOL

ACL REHABILITATION PROTOCOL Name: ID: Date Of Surgery :DD / MM / YYYY Procedure: ACL REHABILITATION PROTOCOL Note :If another procedure like meniscus repair or OATS (Osteochondralautograft transfer) has been done along with ACL reconstruction

More information

REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL RECONSTRUCTION PROTOCOL. WEEK 1: Knee immobilizer locked in extension. WBAT with bilateral crutches.

REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL RECONSTRUCTION PROTOCOL. WEEK 1: Knee immobilizer locked in extension. WBAT with bilateral crutches. REHABILITATION FOLLOWING ACL RECONSTRUCTION PROTOCOL IMMEDIATE POST OPERATIVE PHASE Week 1: WEEK 1: Knee immobilizer locked in extension. WBAT with bilateral crutches. Ankle Pumps Passive knee extension

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Protocol

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Protocol Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Protocol Clarkstown Division This rehabilitation protocol has been designed for patients who have undergone an ACL reconstruction with other surgical

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury Prevention Program at St. Charles Hospital. St.Charles. Sports Medicine

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury Prevention Program at St. Charles Hospital. St.Charles. Sports Medicine Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury Prevention Program at St. Charles Hospital St.Charles Sports Medicine 200 Belle Terre Road Port Jefferson New York 11777 (631) 474-6797 www.stcharles.org www.stcharles.org

More information

Joshua D. Stein, M.D. Trinity Clinic Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine 1327 Troup Hwy Tyler, TX (903)

Joshua D. Stein, M.D. Trinity Clinic Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine 1327 Troup Hwy Tyler, TX (903) Joshua D. Stein, M.D. Trinity Clinic Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine 1327 Troup Hwy Tyler, TX 75701 (903) 510-8840 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab This rehabilitation protocol has

More information

Chapter 4. Muscular Strength and Endurance KIN 217 3/28/18 1

Chapter 4. Muscular Strength and Endurance KIN 217 3/28/18 1 Chapter 4 Muscular Strength and Endurance KIN 217 1 Functions of Muscle Tissues Functions: provide stability and postural tone, allow purposeful movement, heat production. Muscle mass constitutes: 40 to

More information

***Note: Figures may be missing for this format of the document ***Note: Footnotes and endnotes indicated with brackets

***Note: Figures may be missing for this format of the document ***Note: Footnotes and endnotes indicated with brackets Isokinetic Strength of the Trunk and Hip in Female Runners By: Laurie L. Tis, MEd, ATC *, David H. Perrin, PhD, ATC, David B. Snead, PhD, Arthur Weltman University of Virginia and Washington University

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Dr. Robert Klitzman

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Dr. Robert Klitzman Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Delayed Rehab Dr. Robert Klitzman This rehabilitation protocol has been designed for patients who have undergone an ACL reconstruction (HS graft/ptg/allograft)

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction Protocol. Hamstring Autograft, Allograft, or Revision

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction Protocol. Hamstring Autograft, Allograft, or Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction Protocol Hamstring Autograft, Allograft, or Revision As tolerated should be understood to perform with safety for the reconstruction/repair. Pain, limp,

More information

Meniscus Repair Rehabilitation Protocol

Meniscus Repair Rehabilitation Protocol Brian E. Camilleri, DO 2610 Enterprise Dr Anderson, IN 46013 Phone: (765) 683-4400 Fax: (765) 642-7903 www.ciocenter.com Meniscus Repair Rehabilitation Protocol The intent of this protocol is to provide

More information

The Effects of 4 and 10 Repetition Maximum Weight-Training Protocols on Neuromuscular Adaptations in Untrained Men

The Effects of 4 and 10 Repetition Maximum Weight-Training Protocols on Neuromuscular Adaptations in Untrained Men Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1999, 13(4), 353 359 1999 National Strength & Conditioning Association The Effects of 4 and 10 Repetition Maximum Weight-Training Protocols on Neuromuscular

More information

TREATMENT GUIDELINES FOR GRADE 3 PCL TEAR

TREATMENT GUIDELINES FOR GRADE 3 PCL TEAR GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries occur less frequently than anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, but are much more common than previously thought. The PCL is usually

More information

Comparison of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Conditions on Knee Joint Reposition Sense

Comparison of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Conditions on Knee Joint Reposition Sense Comparison of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Conditions on Knee Joint Reposition Sense By: Michael J. Higgins and David H. Perrin Higgins, M.J., Perrin, D.H. (1997). Comparison of weight bearing

More information

cant differences (p < 0.05) between subgroups

cant differences (p < 0.05) between subgroups 0196-6011 /88/09ll-0365$02.00/0 THE JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY Copyright Q 1988 by The Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy Sections of the American Physical Therapy Association

More information

IJPHY BACKWARD WALKING TRAINING IMPROVES KNEE PROPRIOCEPTION IN NON ATHLETIC MALES ABSTRACT

IJPHY BACKWARD WALKING TRAINING IMPROVES KNEE PROPRIOCEPTION IN NON ATHLETIC MALES ABSTRACT Int J Physiother. Vol 4(1), 33-37, February (2017) ISSN: 2348-8336 ORIGINAL ARTICLE IJPHY ABSTRACT BACKWARD WALKING TRAINING IMPROVES KNEE PROPRIOCEPTION IN NON ATHLETIC MALES *1 Magda Gaid Sedhom Background:

More information

MUSCLE BEHAVIOR IN ARTIFICIALLY ACTIVATED MUSCLE - MEASUREMENTS ON NEUROLOGICALLY INTACT AND PARAPLEGIC SUBJECTS METHODS

MUSCLE BEHAVIOR IN ARTIFICIALLY ACTIVATED MUSCLE - MEASUREMENTS ON NEUROLOGICALLY INTACT AND PARAPLEGIC SUBJECTS METHODS MUSCLE BEHAVIOR IN ARTIFICIALLY ACTIVATED MUSCLE - MEASUREMENTS ON NEUROLOGICALLY INTACT AND PARAPLEGIC SUBJECTS Margit Gföhler, Johann Wassermann 2, Prisca Eser 3, Tanja Kakebeeke 3, Helga E. Lechner

More information

ACL Reconstruction Protocol. Weeks 0 2

ACL Reconstruction Protocol. Weeks 0 2 ACL Reconstruction Protocol This is an outline of the major exercises that are commonly incorporated. Individual patient response should be considered and therefore modifications may need to be made. Communication

More information

5/13/2016. ACL I Risk Factors AAP Position Statement. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention.

5/13/2016. ACL I Risk Factors AAP Position Statement. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention. ACL I Risk Factors AAP Position Statement Timothy E. Hewett, PhD 2016 Chicago Sports Medicine Symposium Chicago, Illinois August 5-7, 2016 2015 MFMER slide-1 Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Diagnosis,

More information

ACL and Knee Injury Prevention. Presented by: Zach Kirkpatrick, PT, MPT, SCS

ACL and Knee Injury Prevention. Presented by: Zach Kirkpatrick, PT, MPT, SCS ACL and Knee Injury Prevention Presented by: Zach Kirkpatrick, PT, MPT, SCS ACL Anatomy ACL Mechanism of Injury Contact ACL Tear Noncontact ACL Tear ACL MOI and Pathology Common in young individual who

More information

4/21/2017. Outline. Quadriceps inhibition post-acl injury. Stephanie Di Stasi, PT, PhD, OCS

4/21/2017. Outline. Quadriceps inhibition post-acl injury. Stephanie Di Stasi, PT, PhD, OCS Stephanie Di Stasi, PT, PhD, OCS Research Scientist, Sports Medicine Research Institute Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics Outline Discuss the evidence for quadriceps activation deficits and

More information

Isometric Knee Extension Strength as a Function of Joint Angle, Muscle Length and Motor Unit Activity

Isometric Knee Extension Strength as a Function of Joint Angle, Muscle Length and Motor Unit Activity Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica ISSN: 0001-6470 (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/iort19 Isometric Knee Extension Strength as a Function of Joint Angle, Muscle Length and

More information

Hakan Giir, MD, PhD, Bedrettin Akova, MD, Selfuk Kiifiiko~lu, MD

Hakan Giir, MD, PhD, Bedrettin Akova, MD, Selfuk Kiifiiko~lu, MD 1024 Continuous Versus Separate Isokinetic Test Protocol: The Effect of Estradiol on the Reproducibility of Concentric and Eccentric Isokinetic Measurements in Knee Muscles Hakan Giir, MD, PhD, Bedrettin

More information

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL-PTG Reconstruction I. Phase I Preoperative Phase Goals: Diminish inflammation, swelling, and pain Restore normal range of motion (especially knee extension) Restore

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Accelerated Rehabilitation Protocol

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Accelerated Rehabilitation Protocol Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Accelerated Rehabilitation Protocol Clarkstown Division This rehabilitation protocol has been designed for patients with ACL reconstruction who anticipate returning

More information

Analyses of Isokinetic and Closed Chain Movements for Hamstring Reciprocal Coactivation

Analyses of Isokinetic and Closed Chain Movements for Hamstring Reciprocal Coactivation Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2007, 16, 319-325 2007 Human Kinetics, Inc. Analyses of Isokinetic and Closed Chain Movements for Hamstring Reciprocal Coactivation John P. Miller and Ronald V. Croce Context:

More information

Chapter 14 Training Muscles to Become Stronger

Chapter 14 Training Muscles to Become Stronger Chapter 14 Training Muscles to Become Stronger Slide Show developed by: Richard C. Krejci, Ph.D. Professor of Public Health Columbia College 11.22.11 Objectives 1. Describe the following four methods to

More information

ACL RECONSTRUCTION REHABILITATION PROTOCOL DELAYED DAVID R. MACK, M.D. INTRODUCTION

ACL RECONSTRUCTION REHABILITATION PROTOCOL DELAYED DAVID R. MACK, M.D. INTRODUCTION ACL RECONSTRUCTION REHABILITATION PROTOCOL DELAYED DAVID R. MACK, M.D. INTRODUCTION This DELAYED protocol is used if any of the following are present: meniscal repair, concomitant ligament repair or patellofemoral

More information

Effects of prolonged tendon vibration stimulation on eccentric and concentric maximal torque and EMGs of the knee extensors

Effects of prolonged tendon vibration stimulation on eccentric and concentric maximal torque and EMGs of the knee extensors Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2009) 8, 548-552 http://www.jssm.org Research article Effects of prolonged tendon vibration stimulation on eccentric and concentric maximal torque and EMGs of the

More information

NATURAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINABILITY OF PLYOMETRIC ABILITY DURING CHILDHOOD BY KIRSTY QUERL SPORT SCIENTIST STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACH

NATURAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINABILITY OF PLYOMETRIC ABILITY DURING CHILDHOOD BY KIRSTY QUERL SPORT SCIENTIST STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACH NATURAL DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINABILITY OF PLYOMETRIC ABILITY DURING CHILDHOOD BY KIRSTY QUERL SPORT SCIENTIST STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACH The truth... Youth are not as active as they used to be, Decline

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction- Delayed Rehabilitation Protocol

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction- Delayed Rehabilitation Protocol Robert K. Fullick, MD 6400 Fannin Street, Suite 1700 Houston, Texas 77030 Ph.: 713-486-7543 / Fx.: 713-486-5549 Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction- Delayed Rehabilitation Protocol This rehabilitation

More information

performance in young jumpers

performance in young jumpers BIOLOGY OF EXERCISE VOLUME 5.2, 2009 Isokinetic muscle strength and running long jump performance in young jumpers D.O.I: http:doi.org/10.4127/jbe.2009.0030 YIANNIS KOUTSIORAS, ATHANASIOS TSIOKANOS, DIMITRIOS

More information

ACL PATELLAR TENDON AUTOGRAFT RECONSTRUCTION PROTOCOL

ACL PATELLAR TENDON AUTOGRAFT RECONSTRUCTION PROTOCOL Dr. Matthew J. Boyle, BSc, MBChB, FRACS AUT Millennium, 17 Antares Place, Mairangi Bay & Ascot Hospital, 90 Green Lane E, Remuera P: (09) 281-6733 F: (09) 479-3805 office@matthewboyle.co.nz www.matthewboyle.co.nz

More information

Name /scre/18_127 01/26/ :53AM Plate # 0-Composite pg 144 # 1

Name /scre/18_127 01/26/ :53AM Plate # 0-Composite pg 144 # 1 Name /scre/18_127 01/26/2004 11:53AM Plate # 0-Composite pg 144 # 1 Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2004, 18(1), 144 148 2004 National Strength & Conditioning Association ISOLATED VS COMPLEX

More information

A Six Month Intervention Study on Strength Training in Youth Basketball Player in Albania

A Six Month Intervention Study on Strength Training in Youth Basketball Player in Albania A Six Month Intervention Study on Strength Training in Youth Basketball Player in Albania Spahi A. Bilali A. Jarani J.* Sports University of Tirana, Street Muhamet Gjollesha, Tirana, Albania *Corresponding

More information

A Discussion of Job Content Validation and Isokinetic Technology. Gary Soderberg, Ph.D., PT, FAPTA i March 2006

A Discussion of Job Content Validation and Isokinetic Technology. Gary Soderberg, Ph.D., PT, FAPTA i March 2006 A Discussion of Job Content Validation and Isokinetic Technology Gary Soderberg, Ph.D., PT, FAPTA i March 2006 Testing of human function is difficult because of the great capability associated with our

More information

ACL Rehabilitation and Return To Play

ACL Rehabilitation and Return To Play ACL Rehabilitation and Return To Play Seth Gasser, MD Director of Sports Medicine Florida Orthopaedic Institute Introduction Return to Play: the point in recovery from an injury when a person is safely

More information

Brennen Lucas, M.D. Advanced Orthopaedic Associates

Brennen Lucas, M.D. Advanced Orthopaedic Associates Brennen Lucas, M.D. Advanced Orthopaedic Associates 2778 N. Webb Rd. Wichita, KS 67226 316-631-1600 Fax: (316) 631-1674 1 (800) 362-0591 GUIDELINES FOR REHABILITATION FOLLOWING SURGICAL RECONSTRUCTION

More information

To return-to-play or not to return-to-play: Assessing quadriceps strain in a professional soccer player

To return-to-play or not to return-to-play: Assessing quadriceps strain in a professional soccer player To return-to-play or not to return-to-play: Assessing quadriceps strain in a professional soccer player Hembre, A. 1 and Eriksrud, O. 2 1 Apex klinikken, Oslo, Norway 2 1080 Motion AB, Stockholm, Sweden

More information

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Standard Rehabilitation Protocol Dr. Mark Adickes

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Standard Rehabilitation Protocol Dr. Mark Adickes Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Standard Rehabilitation Protocol Dr. Mark Adickes Introduction: This rehabilitation protocol has been designed for patients who have undergone an ACL reconstruction

More information

ACL Reconstruction Rehabilitation Protocol

ACL Reconstruction Rehabilitation Protocol ACL Reconstruction Rehabilitation Protocol 1. Pre-OP Visit: a. Patient Education b. Exercises c. Gait Outline rehabilitation timeline. Discuss: Swelling/effusion control (PRICE). Quadriceps inhibition

More information

BARBELL HIP THRUST. Eckert, RM 1 and Snarr, RL 1,2

BARBELL HIP THRUST. Eckert, RM 1 and Snarr, RL 1,2 Eckert, RM and Snarr, RL. Barbell hip thrust. J Sport Human Perf 2014;2(2):1-9. DOI: 10.12922/jshp.0037.2014 1 SHORT REPORT BARBELL HIP THRUST OPEN ACCESS Eckert, RM 1 and Snarr, RL 1,2 1 School of Nutrition

More information

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL Allograft Reconstruction

Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL Allograft Reconstruction Page 1 of 7 Accelerated Rehabilitation Following ACL Allograft Reconstruction PREOPERATIVE PHASE Goals: Diminish inflammation, swelling, and pain Restore normal range of motion (especially knee extension)

More information

Rehabilitation Following Acute ACL, PCL, LCL, PL & Lateral Hamstring Repair

Rehabilitation Following Acute ACL, PCL, LCL, PL & Lateral Hamstring Repair Page 1 of 7 Rehabilitation Following Acute ACL, PCL, LCL, PL & Lateral Hamstring Repair PREOPERATIVE PHASE Goals: Diminish inflammation, swelling, and pain Restore normal range of motion (gradual knee

More information