E-Day Topic Resource Page

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1 E-Day Resource E-Day Topic Resource Page Grade 2 Topic Human Body Skeletal and Muscular Systems Brief Overview/objective: To introduce the children to the intricate and amazing systems of the human body - specifically the bones and muscles. To explore, celebrate and stand in awe of the intricate and wonderful way God created us. This unit ties to a second unit on the Human body the circulatory systems and organs. These two units tie to a study of food, nutrition and healthy living. After completing this Enrichment Day, the students will be able to: Identify the digestive, circulatory, skeletal, muscular and respiratory systems Describe the skeletal system (number and makeup of bones) and list at least three major functions of the skeletal system. Describe the muscular system of the body the number and makeup of muscles, and at least three major functions of the muscular system Identify at least three ways to keep the muscular and skeletal systems of the body healthy. Resources in workroom: Human Body 3-ring binder- information, recipes and suggested activities ***There is a life-size skeleton for your use*** it is stored in a Middle School classroom just ask we can get it for you! The Human Body (picture cards) Activity books Human body diagram kit (located on top shelf) The human body puzzle bones on one side, body systems on the other Posters can be found in the bottom cabinet labeled 1 st -2 nd Grade Resources. Ideas to get you started: Read and discuss the creation of Adam and Eve in Genesis 2. Read and discuss Psalm 139 and other passages about life and creation. Dissect a chicken to find skin, muscle, bones, blood vessels Outline a child on butcher paper, and add the body systems as you discuss them. Show x-rays of various bones of the body human and/or animal. Make a clay model of bones tri-sided beads on a pipe cleaner represent the spinal column. Sing the bone song and play the operation game. Create a pulley to show how muscles work, to demonstrate that they only pull - never push. PERIME TE R SCHOOL E-DAY RE SOURCE last updated

2 The muscular system is the largest system in the body. Muscles are located in practically every region of the human body. The muscular system is made up of tissues that work with the skeletal system to control movement of the human body. PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [2 of 8] last updated

3 Muscles function is to produce force and cause motion. Muscles can cause either locomotion of the organism itself or movement of internal organs. There are three distinct types of muscles: skeletal muscles, cardiac or heart muscles, and smooth muscles. Muscles provide strength, balance posture, movement and heat for the body to keep warm. Cardiac and smooth muscle contraction occurs without conscious thought and is necessary for survival. Examples are the contraction of the heart and peristalsis which pushes food through the digestive system. Skeletal muscle or "voluntary muscle" is anchored by tendons to bone and is used to effect skeletal movement such as locomotion and in maintaining posture. Though this postural control is generally maintained as a subconscious reflex, the muscles responsible react to conscious control like nonpostural muscles. An average adult male is made up of 42% of skeletal muscle and an average adult female is made up of 36% (as a percentage of body mass). Smooth muscle or "involuntary muscle" is found within the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, urethra, bladder, blood vessels, and the arrector pili in the skin (in which it controls erection of body hair). Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle is not under conscious control. Cardiac muscle is also an "involuntary muscle" but is more akin in structure to skeletal muscle, and is found only in the heart. There are approximately 639 skeletal muscles in the human body. There are three distinct types of muscles: cardiac or heart muscles, skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [3 of 8] last updated

4 The Human Body Skeletal System Our skeleton is tough and flexible. It supports weight and protects our internal organs. Bone tissue PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [4 of 8] last updated

5 stores minerals, such as calcium, and it is constantly renewed, which is how our bones are able to heal. Bones are cleverly designed to allow movement at the joints and provide great stability. The bones provide a light but strong framework for the bodies soft tissues. The number of bones in the human body actually varies from person to person but the average number is 206. There are two sections of the body, the central bones which include the skull, ribs, spine and sternum. The arms, legs, shoulder blades, collar bone and pelvis make up the appendicular skeleton. PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [5 of 8] last updated

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7 PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [7 of 8] last updated

8 Some fun ideas to get your brain thinking about hands-on projects for bones: (lots of other cool ideas on Pinterest!) PE RIMETE R SCHOOL E-DAY RESOURCE [8 of 8] last updated