The Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth

Transcription

1 The Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth (energy cost values derived from child measures are in bold) Code Activity MET Rationale for energy cost Reference SEDENTARY listening to music/radio lying 1.2 a lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = listening to music/radio sitting 1.3 listening to radio, sitting study, n = lying awake 1.2 lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = reading - lying down 1.2 a lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = reading - sitting 1.3 a Ainsworth sitting - reading book, newspaper, etc [21-25] [20] [21-25] [21-25] sending text messages (SMS) - lying down sending text messages (SMS) sitting sending text messages (SMS) - standing 1.2 a lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = sitting playing game on a mobile phone study, n = Ainsworth standing talking or talking on the phone [21-25] [26] sitting - talking 1.5 Ainsworth sitting talking, or talking on the phone sitting at the movies/cinema/theatre 1.2 a sitting watching TV measured in 5 child studies, n = 470 [8, 33-36] sitting quietly 1.4 sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = sleeping 0.9 Ainsworth sleeping standing - talking 1.8 Ainsworth standing talking or talking on the phone [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] standing quietly - e.g. standing in a line 1.5 standing quietly measured in 6 child studies, n = 211 [19, 21, 22, 25, 27, 32]

2 talking on phone - lying down 1.2 a lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = talking on phone - sitting 1.5 Ainsworth sitting talking, or talking on the phone talking on phone - standing 1.8 Ainsworth standing talking or talking on the phone watching TV - lying quietly 1.1 watching TV lying down study, n = watching TV sitting 1.2 sitting watching TV measured in 5 child studies, n = writing - lying down 1.2 a lying awake measured in 5 child studies, n = 130 [21-25] [24] [8, 33-36] [21-25] TRANSPORT climbing stairs climbing stairs - light 5.3 climbing stairs measured in 2 child studies, n = climbing stairs - moderate 7.0 climbing stairs measured in 2 child studies, n = climbing stairs - hard 8.8 climbing stairs measured in 2 child studies, n = 224 [8, 35] [8, 35] [8, 35] riding a motorcycle or motor scooter 2.5 Ainsworth motor scooter, motorcycle riding in a bus 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = riding in a plane 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = riding in a train/tram/ferry 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = riding in/driving a car 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = 288 [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] walking walking - light 2.9 b regression equation developed by Ridley and Olds: METs = 0.07 age 1.21 speed (m.s -1 ) speed 2 (m.s -1 ) , r = 0.65, SEE = 1.0 MET, n = 1187 Light speed c = 0.97 m.s -1 [9]

3 walking - moderate 3.6 b As above Moderate speed c = 1.25 m.s walking - hard 4.6 b As above Hard speed c = 1.53 m.s -1 [9] [9] walking carrying a load walking carrying a load - light walking carrying a load - moderate walking carrying a load - hard moderate value 4.2 walking carrying an 8.5 kg backpack measured in 1 child study, n = moderate value [32] walking using crutches 4.0 Ainsworth walking using crutches PLAY/SPORT aerobics/health hustle aerobics/health hustle - light aerobics/health hustle - moderate aerobics/health hustle - hard 5.0 Ainsworth aerobic, low impact 6.2 aerobics (step) study, n = Ainsworth aerobic, step [35] archery 3.5 Ainsworth archery (non-hunting) athletics (track and field): hurdles steeplechase athletics (track and field): hurdles steeplechase - light athletics (track and field): hurdles steeplechase - moderate athletics (track and field): hurdles steeplechase - hard athletics (track and field): jumping athletics (track and field): jumping - light moderate value 10.0 Ainsworth track and field (steeplechase, hurdles) moderate value moderate value

4 athletics (track and field): jumping - moderate athletics (track and field): jumping - hard athletics (track and field): throwing athletics (track and field): throwing - light athletics (track and field): throwing - moderate athletics (track and field): throwing - hard badminton 6.0 Ainsworth track and field (high, long, triple jump) moderate value moderate value 4.0 Ainsworth track and field (shot, discus, hammer throw) moderate value badminton - light moderate value badminton - moderate 4.5 Ainsworth badminton, general badminton - hard moderate value ballet ballet - light moderate value ballet - moderate 4.8 dancing measured in one child study, n = ballet - hard moderate value baseball baseball - light moderate value baseball - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth baseball or softball, general baseball - hard moderate value basketball basketball - light 7.2 shooting hoops study, n = basketball - moderate 8.2 basketball game study, n = 12 [35] [37] basketball - hard 10.1 basketball fast dribbling and shooting measured in 1 child study, n = 19. [26]

5 bobsled toboggan luge bobsled toboggan luge - light bobsled toboggan luge - moderate bobsled toboggan luge - hard broomball/floorball moderate value 7.0 Ainsworth sledding, tobogganing, bobsledding, luge moderate value broomball/floorball - light moderate value broomball/floorball - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth broomball broomball/floorball - hard moderate value calisthenics calisthenics - light 3.5 Ainsworth calisthenics, light calisthenics - moderate 5.8 mean of light and hard values calisthenics - hard 8.0 Ainsworth calisthenics, vigorous chasey/tag/tips/tiggy chasey/tag/tips/tiggy - light chasey/tag/tips/tiggy - moderate chasey/tag/tips/tiggy - hard moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = moderate value climbing trees 8.0 movement pattern similar to rock climbing - Ainsworth cricket cricket - light moderate value cricket - moderate 3.5 cricket measured in 1 child study, n = cricket - hard moderate value croquet 2.5 Ainsworth curling

6 curling - light moderate value curling - moderate 4.0 Ainsworth curling curling - hard moderate value dancing (general) dancing (general) - light moderate value dancing (general) - moderate 5.5 dancing measured in one child study, n = dancing (general) - hard moderate value dodge ball/poison ball/brandy/speed ball dodge ball/poison ball/brandy/speed ball - light dodge ball/poison ball/brandy/speed ball - moderate dodge ball/poison ball/brandy/speed ball - hard European handball (team) European handball (team) - light European handball (team) - moderate European handball (team) - hard moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = moderate value moderate value 8.0 Ainsworth handball, team moderate value fishing 3.0 Ainsworth fishing, general football (Australian/American) football (Australian/American) - light football (Australian/American) - moderate football (Australian/American) - hard frisbee (general) moderate value 8.8 a movement pattern similar to soccer study, n = moderate value frisbee (general) - light moderate value

7 frisbee (general) - moderate 3.0 Ainsworth frisbee playing, general frisbee (general) - hard moderate value frisbee (ultimate) frisbee (ultimate) - light moderate value frisbee (ultimate) - moderate 8.0 Ainsworth frisbee, ultimate frisbee (ultimate) - hard moderate value golf golf - light 3.0 Ainsworth golf, miniature, driving ranges golf - moderate 4.3 Ainsworth golf, walking and pulling clubs golf - hard 4.5 Ainsworth golf, general gymnastics gymnastics - light moderate value gymnastics - moderate 4.0 gymnastics measured in 1 child study, n = gymnastics - hard moderate value hacky sack hacky sack - light moderate value hacky sack - moderate 4.0 Ainsworth hacky sack hacky sack - hard moderate value hand tennis (four-square) hand tennis (four-square) - light hand tennis (four-square) - moderate hand tennis (four-square) - hard moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = moderate value hide and seek 4.0 Ainsworth walk/run - playing with children, moderate hockey (field) hockey (field) - light moderate value

8 hockey (field) - moderate 8.0 Ainsworth field hockey hockey (field) - hard moderate value hockey (ice) hockey (ice) - light moderate value hockey (ice) - moderate 8.0 Ainsworth ice hockey hockey (ice) - hard moderate value hopscotch hopscotch - light moderate value hopscotch - moderate 5.9 hopscotch measured in two child studies, n = 51 [14, 15] hopscotch - hard moderate value horseback riding horseback riding - light 2.5 Ainsworth horseback riding, walking horseback riding - moderate 4.0 Ainsworth horseback riding, general horseback riding - hard 6.5 Ainsworth horseback riding, trotting ice skating ice skating - light 5.5 Ainsworth ice skating, 4 m.s ice skating - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth ice skating, general ice skating - hard 9.0 Ainsworth ice skating, > 4 m.s juggling 4.0 Ainsworth juggling karate/martial arts/judo/kick boxing karate/martial arts/judo/kick boxing - light karate/martial arts/judo /kick boxing - moderate karate/martial arts/judo/kick boxing - hard moderate value 10.0 Ainsworth judo, jujitsu, karate, kick boxing, tae kwan do moderate value

9 kayaking kayaking - light moderate value kayaking - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth kayaking kayaking - hard moderate value kickball kickball - light moderate value kickball - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth kickball kickball - hard moderate value lacrosse lacrosse - light moderate value lacrosse - moderate 6.4 lacrosse measured in 1 child study, n = lacrosse - hard moderate value lawn bowls 3.0 Ainsworth lawn bowling lifting weights lifting weights - light moderate value lifting weights - moderate 2.8 weight lifting (bench press and leg press) study, n = 510 [8] lifting weights - hard x moderate value mini golf or putt putt 3.0 Ainsworth golf, miniature, driving range unstructured indoor play - walk/run 4.0 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with child(ren), moderate only active periods unstructured indoor play - sitting 2.3 Ainsworth sitting, playing with child(ren): light, only active periods unstructured outdoor play unstructured outdoor play - light unstructured outdoor play - moderate x moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = 37

10 unstructured outdoor play - hard moderate value netball netball - light 7.2 a movement pattern similar to shooting hoops study, n = netball - moderate 8.2 a movement pattern similar to basketball study, n = netball - hard 10.1 a movement pattern similar to basketball fast dribbling and shooting, study, n = 19. [35] [37] [26] orienteering orienteering - light moderate value orienteering - moderate 9.0 Ainsworth orienteering orienteering - hard moderate value paddleball paddleball - light moderate value paddleball - moderate 6.0 Ainsworth paddleball paddleball - hard moderate value playground equipment (e.g. monkey bars) playground equipment (e.g. monkey bars) - light playground equipment (e.g. monkey bars) - moderate playground equipment (e.g. monkey bars) - hard playing catch moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = moderate value playing catch - light moderate value playing catch - moderate 2.6 catching measured in 2 child studies, n = 51 [14, 15] playing catch - hard moderate value

11 playing in sandpit 1.6 a movement pattern similar to sitting, playing puzzles measured in 3 child study, n = playing with animals - sitting 2.5 Ainsworth sitting, playing with animals [8, 23, 42] playing with animals - walk/run playing with animals - walk/run - light playing with animals - walk/run - moderate playing with animals - walk/run - hard playing with toys/lego/dolls/action figures playing with young children playing with young children - light playing with young children - moderate playing with young children - hard pogo stick 2.8 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with animals, light 4.0 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with animals, moderate 5.0 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with animals, vigorous 1.6 a movement pattern similar to sitting, playing puzzles measured in 3 child study, n = Ainsworth standing, playing with children, light 4.0 Ainsworth walk/run - playing with children, moderate 5.0 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with children, vigorous [8, 23, 42] pogo stick - light moderate value pogo stick - moderate 8.7 movement pattern similar to trampoline study, n = 19. [26] pogo stick - hard moderate value pool/billiards/snooker 2.5 Ainsworth billiards quoits 3.0 Ainsworth horse pitching, quoits race walking race walking - light moderate value

12 race walking - moderate 6.5 Ainsworth race walking race walking - hard moderate value racquetball racquetball - light moderate value racquetball - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth racquetball, general racquetball - hard moderate value red rover/octopus tag/british bulldog/bullrush red rover/octopus tag/british bulldog/bullrush - light red rover/octopus tag/british bulldog/bullrush - moderate red rover/octopus tag/british bulldog/bullrush - hard riding a bicycle/bike riding a bicycle/bike - light riding a bicycle/bike - moderate riding a bicycle/bike - hard riding a scooter moderate value 5.0 playground games study, n = moderate value moderate value 6.2 riding a bicycle outdoors at 5.3 m.s -1 measured in 1 child study, n = moderate value [35] riding a scooter - light moderate value riding a scooter - moderate 6.5 riding a scooter study, n = 30 [39] riding a scooter - hard moderate value riding a skateboard riding a skateboard - light moderate value riding a skateboard - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth skateboarding riding a skateboard - hard moderate value rockclimbing rockclimbing - light moderate value

13 rockclimbing - moderate 8.0 Ainsworth rock climbing, rapelling rockclimbing - hard 11.0 Ainsworth rock climbing, ascending rock rollerblading (in-line skating) rollerblading (in-line skating) - light rollerblading (in-line skating) - moderate rollerblading (in-line skating) - hard rollerskating moderate value 6.5 rollerblading measured in 1 child study, n = moderate value [39] rollerskating - light 4.9 a 0.75 moderate value rollerskating - moderate 6.5 a movement pattern similar to rollerblading study, n = 26 [39] rollerskating - hard 8.1 a 1.25 moderate value rowing/canoeing rowing/canoeing - light 3.0 Ainsworth (canoeing, rowing mph, light ) rowing/canoeing - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth (canoeing, rowing mph, mod ) rowing/canoeing - hard 12.0 Ainsworth (canoeing, rowing >6 mph, vig ) rugby league rugby league - light moderate value rugby league - moderate 8.8 a movement pattern similar to soccer study, n = rugby league - hard moderate value rugby union rugby union - light moderate value rugby union - moderate 8.8 a movement pattern similar to soccer study, n = 25

14 rugby union - hard moderate value running /jogging running/jogging - light 7.7 b regression equation developed based on 31 child studies: METs = 0.27 age speed (m.s -1 ) , r = 0.61, SEE = 1.4 METs, n = Light speed d = 2.08 m.s -1 [9] running/jogging - moderate 8.5 b As above Moderate speed d = 2.50 m.s -1 [9] running/jogging - hard 9.3 b As above Hard speed d = 2.92 m.s -1 [9] sailboard/windsurfing sailboard/windsurfing - light sailboard/windsurfing - moderate sailboard/windsurfing - hard sailing/boating moderate value 3.0 Ainsworth windsurfing moderate value sailing/boating - light moderate value sailing/boating - moderate 3.0 Ainsworth sailing, boat sailing, wind surfing sailing/boating - hard moderate value shuffleboard shuffleboard - light moderate value shuffleboard - moderate 3.0 Ainsworth shuffleboard, lawn bowling shuffleboard - hard moderate value skiing (cross-country) skiing (cross-country) - light skiing (cross-country) - moderate skiing (cross-country) - hard 7.0 Ainsworth cross country skiing, slow or light 8.0 Ainsworth cross country skiing, moderate speed and 9.0 Ainsworth cross country skiing, fast

15 skiing (downhill) skiing (downhill) - light 5.0 Ainsworth skiing, downhill, light skiing (downhill) - moderate 6.0 Ainsworth skiing, downhill, moderate skiing (downhill) - hard 8.0 Ainsworth skiing, downhill, vigorous skindiving (SCUBA) skindiving (SCUBA) - light 7.0 Ainsworth skindiving, scuba diving, general skindiving (SCUBA) - moderate 12.5 Ainsworth skindiving, moderate skindiving (SCUBA) - hard 16.0 Ainsworth skindiving - fast skipping/jump rope skipping/jump rope - light moderate value skipping/jump rope - moderate 8.3 skipping measured in 1 child study, n = 262 [8] skipping/jump rope - hard moderate value snorkelling snorkelling - light moderate value snorkelling - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth snorkeling snorkelling - hard moderate value soccer (field/indoor) soccer (field/indoor) - light soccer (field/indoor) - moderate soccer (field/indoor) - hard softball or t-ball moderate value 8.8 soccer measured in 1 child study, n = moderate value softball or t-ball - light moderate value softball or t-ball - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth baseball or softball, general softball or t-ball - hard moderate value speed skating (competitive)

16 speed skating (competitive) - light speed skating (competitive) - moderate speed skating (competitive) - hard squash 7.0 Ainsworth ice skating, general 9.0 Ainsworth ice skating, > 4 m.s Ainsworth speed skating, competitive squash - light moderate value squash - moderate 7.0 movement pattern similar to racquetball - Ainsworth squash - hard moderate value stretching exercises 2.5 stretching exercises study, n = 264 [8] surfing (body or board) surfing (body or board) - light surfing (body or board) - moderate surfing (body or board) - hard swimming (playing in pool) swimming (playing in pool) - light swimming (playing in pool) - moderate swimming (playing in pool) - hard swimming laps moderate value 5.0 Ainsworth surfing, body or board moderate value 3.0 Ainsworth water volleyball 4.0 Ainsworth swimming, treading water moderate moderate value swimming laps - light 8.4 swimming at 0.9 m.s -1 study, n = 11 [40] swimming laps - moderate 9.9 swimming at 1.0 m.s -1 study, n = 21 [40] swimming laps - hard 11.6 swimming at 1.1 m.s -1 study, n = 11 [40] table tennis

17 table tennis - light moderate value table tennis - moderate 4.0 Ainsworth table tennis, ping pong table tennis - hard moderate value tai chi/yoga 2.5 a stretching exercises study, n = 264 [8] tap dancing tap dancing - light moderate value tap dancing - moderate 4.8 dancing measured in one child study, n = tap dancing - hard moderate value tennis (court) tennis (court) - light moderate value tennis (court) - moderate 7.0 Ainsworth tennis, general tennis (court) - hard moderate value tenpin bowling 4.9 bowling measured in 1 child study, n = 12 [37] totem tennis totem tennis - light moderate value totem tennis - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth children s games, tetherball totem tennis - hard moderate value touch football touch football - light moderate value touch football - moderate 8.8 a movement pattern similar to soccer study, n = touch football - hard 11.0 a 1.25 moderate value trampoline trampoline - light moderate value trampoline - moderate 8.7 trampoline measured in 1 child study, n = 19. [26] trampoline - hard moderate value volleyball (beach)

18 volleyball (beach) - light moderate value volleyball (beach) - moderate 8.0 Ainsworth beach volleyball volleyball (beach) - hard moderate value volleyball (court) volleyball (court) - light moderate value volleyball (court) - moderate 4.0 Ainsworth volleyball volleyball (court) - hard moderate value wallyball/modified volleyball wallyball/modified volleyball - light wallyball/modified volleyball - moderate wallyball/modified volleyball - hard water skiing moderate value 7.0 Ainsworth wallyball, general moderate value water skiing - light moderate value water skiing - moderate 6.0 Ainsworth skiing, water water skiing - hard moderate value whitewater rafting whitewater rafting - light moderate value whitewater rafting - moderate 5.0 Ainsworth whitewater rafting, kayaking, canoeing whitewater rafting - hard moderate value wrestling with mates 4.0 Ainsworth walk/run, playing with child(ren), moderate only active periods SCHOOL WORK arts and crafts - sitting 1.6 arts and crafts, sitting measured in 2 child studies, n = arts and craft - standing 1.9 drawing, standing study, n = 19 [27, 36] [38]

19 carrying sports equipment 4.2 a walking carrying an 8.5 kg backpack measured in 1 child study, n = 35 [32] computer work (e.g. typing/internet) 1.8 Ainsworth sitting, typing crayoning 1.4 crayoning measured in 2 child studies, n = drama class 2.3 structure of drama class assumed to be 0.5 schoolwork (e.g. sitting, listening) and 0.5 acting (theatre actor) drawing - sitting 1.4 a movement pattern similar to crayoning measured in 2 child studies, n = drawing - standing 1.9 drawing, standing study, n = giving a talk/presentation 1.6 a movement pattern similar to standing, singing measured in 1 child study, n = 17 [14, 15] [14, 15] [38] [20] morning organisation/books and pens out packing up/chairs up - end of school 1.4 school work, sitting measured in 5 studies, n = movement pattern similar to Ainsworth cleaning, light (dusting, straightening up, changing linen, carrying out trash) [8, 23, 27, 29, 36] packing/unpacking bag 2.5 Ainsworth home activities, putting away groceries reading - sitting 1.3 a Ainsworth sitting - reading book, newspaper, etc reading - standing 1.8 Ainsworth standing reading roll call/class organisation 1.4 sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = 288 [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] school crossing monitor 2.0 Ainsworth standing, miscellaneous

20 science experiments sitting 1.5 Ainsworth sitting, chemistry lab work science experiments standing 2.5 Ainsworth machine tooling sitting quietly (e.g. assembly/listening to teacher) 1.4 sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = 288 [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] studying/homework 1.4 school work, sitting measured in 5 studies, n = taking notes/class discussion 1.4 school work, sitting measured in 5 studies, n = 442 [8, 23, 27, 29, 36] [8, 23, 27, 29, 36] technical studies - standing light (e.g. electronics/machining etc) technical studies - standing moderate (e.g. carpentry/welding) 2.5 Ainsworth machine tooling 3.0 Ainsworth carpentry, general writing - sitting 1.4 school work, sitting measured in 5 studies, n = 442 [8, 23, 27, 29, 36] SELF CARE brushing or combing hair (standing) 2.5 Ainsworth hairstyling brushing teeth 2.0 Ainsworth grooming, brushing teeth dressing & undressing 2.7 dressing and undressing measured in 2 child studies, n = drinking - sitting 1.5 movement pattern similar to Ainsworth eating, sitting drinking while standing 2.0 movement pattern similar to Ainsworth eating, standing eating - sitting 1.5 Ainsworth eating, sitting eating while standing 2.0 Ainsworth eating, standing getting ready for bed 2.7 movement pattern is dressing and undressing measured in 2 child studies, n = 93 [27, 38] [27, 38]

21 having hair done by someone else putting on makeup/sunscreen/contact lenses/grooming etc 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = Ainsworth grooming, putting on make-up [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] showering & towelling off 2.0 Ainsworth showering, towelling off sitting in bath 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = sitting on toilet 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = taking medicine 1.5 Ainsworth eating, sitting washing hands/face 2.0 Ainsworth grooming, washing [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] CHORES bathing dog 2.5 caring for animals study, n = carrying small children 3.0 Ainsworth carrying small children carrying very heavy items (e.g. moving furniture) 6.0 Ainsworth carrying very heavy furniture child care (e.g. dressing) 3.0 Ainsworth child care standing, dressing child care (e.g. feeding) 2.5 Ainsworth child care sitting/kneeling, feeding chopping wood 6.0 Ainsworth chopping wood cooking standing 2.0 Ainsworth cooking or food preparation doing the laundry 2.6 a hanging out washing study, n = dusting 4.2 dusting measured in 1 child study, n = feeding pets or farm animals 2.5 caring for animals study, n = 17 [39] [23]

22 fixing things up (e.g. bike/toys/mechanical work on car etc) 2.5 Ainsworth 05025, multiple household tasks all at once, light gardening 3.7 gardening measured in 1 child study, n = hanging out washing 2.6 hanging out washing study, n = 14 [39] ironing 2.3 Ainsworth ironing knitting or sewing 1.5 Ainsworth sitting, knitting, sewing making recess or lunch 2.0 Ainsworth cooking or food preparation making the bed 3.4 making bed measured in 2 child studies, n = mopping 3.6 a sweeping measured in 4 child studies, n = mowing lawn 5.5 Ainsworth mowing lawn, walk, power mower [27, 39] [8, 23, 35, 37] picking flowers fruit or vegetables 3.0 Ainsworth picking fruit/vegetables pulling up weeds 3.7 gardening measured in 1 child study, n = putting away clothes 2.3 Ainsworth putting away clothes, implied walking putting away or carrying groceries 2.5 Ainsworth putting away groceries raking leaves 4.3 Ainsworth raking lawn scrubbing floors in bathroom or bathtub 3.8 Ainsworth scrubbing floors serving food 2.6 setting table measured in 1 child study, n = setting the table 2.6 setting table measured in 1 child study, n = shopping 2.3 Ainsworth food shopping shoveling/digging 4.3 shoveling measured in 1 child study, n = 285 [39] [39] [8]

23 sweeping floor 3.6 sweeping measured in 4 child studies, n = sweeping outside 3.6 sweeping measured in 4 child studies, n = 378 [8, 23, 35, 37] [8, 23, 35, 37] taking out the rubbish/garbage bin 2.5 Ainsworth cleaning, light, carrying out trash tidying/cleaning room 3.4 making bed and cleaning room measured in 2 child studies, n = 78 [27, 39] unpacking boxes 3.5 Ainsworth standing - unpacking, packing boxes vacuuming 4.2 vacuuming measured in 3 child studies, n = washing car or windows 3.0 Ainsworth cleaning, heavy, washing car or windows washing or clearing dishes 1.9 washing dishes measured in 2 child studies, n = watering plants 2.5 Ainsworth watering plants wheelbarrowing 5.0 Ainsworth loading/unloading or carrying lumber [8, 23, 29] [29, 39] OTHER amusement/theme park rides 1.5 movement pattern similar to Ainsworth watching sporting events camping sitting 2.5 Ainsworth camping involving standing, walking, sitting computer/playstation games 1.5 playing video games sitting measured in 4 child studies, n = 426 [8,23,36,41] playing active video games (e.g. EyeToy/dance mat/arcade games) playing active video games (e.g. EyeToy/dance mat/arcade games) - light 1.7 playing video centre games measured in 2 child studies, n = 303 [8, 33]

24 playing active video games (e.g. EyeToy/dance mat/arcade games) - moderate playing active video games (e.g. EyeToy/dance mat/arcade games) - hard 3.4 playing moderate intensity video centre games (e.g. air hockey) study, n = playing high intensity video games (e.g. simulated horse racing) study, n = 10 [41] [41] darts 2.5 Ainsworth darts, wall or lawn family get-togethers (eat talk sit relax) part time work - child care sitting (e.g. feeding/bathing) part time work - child care standing (e.g. carrying/dressing/playing) part time work - door to door sales/delivery - paper rounds etc (long periods of walking) part time work - door to door sales/delivery - paper rounds etc (riding bike) part time work - serving standing (e.g. checkout/fast food) part time work - sitting office work part time work - stacking shelves part time work - waitressing etc (short periods of walking) 1.5 Ainsworth retreat/family reunion activities involving sitting, relaxing, talking, eating 2.5 Ainsworth child care, general 3.0 Ainsworth child care 2.9 a based on walking light (see code ) 4.7 a based on riding a bicycle light (see code ) 2.3 Ainsworth standing light (bartending, store clerk, etc) 1.5 Ainsworth sitting, light office work 3.0 Ainsworth standing; light/moderate (stocking) 2.0 Ainsworth walking on job, very slow partying (mostly dancing) 3.2 a based on 60% light dancing (4.1 METs) & 40% standing talking (1.8 METs) partying (mostly sitting) 1.5 Ainsworth sitting talking, or talking on the phone

25 partying (mostly standing) 1.8 Ainsworth standing talking or talking on the phone performing on stage at assembly playing cards/puzzles/board games 3.0 Ainsworth theatre actor 1.6 playing with puzzles measured in 3 child studies, n = 312 [8, 23, 42] playing the accordion 1.8 Ainsworth music playing, accordion playing the cello 1.7 cello playing measured in 1 child study, n = playing the drums 4.0 Ainsworth music playing, drums [34] playing the flute/recorder - sitting 2.0 Ainsworth music playing, flute (sitting) playing the guitar - sitting 2.0 Ainsworth music playing, guitar (sitting) playing the guitar standing 3.0 Ainsworth music playing, guitar, standing playing the horn 2.0 Ainsworth music playing, horn playing the piano or organ 1.7 playing the piano study, n = playing the trombone 3.5 Ainsworth music playing, trombone playing the trumpet 2.5 Ainsworth trumpet playing the violin 1.7 violin playing measured in 2 child studies, n = playing woodwind instruments 1.6 Ainsworth music playing, woodwind instruments praying 1.4 a sitting quietly measured in 9 child studies, n = singing sitting 1.4 singing, sitting measured in 1 child study, n = singing standing 1.6 singing, standing study, n = 17 [27, 34] [19, 21, 22, 25, 27-31] [38] [38]

26 sitting in church 1.5 Ainsworth sitting in church, talking or singing watching live sporting events 1.5 Ainsworth watching sporting events wrapping/unwrapping presents 1.5 Ainsworth wrapping presents Note: MET = metabolic equivalent; TV = television; SEE = standard error of estimate; Adult = Adult compendium codes - code descriptions are not consistently presented in full. Some code descriptions have been edited to SI units and only relevant descriptions presented to conserve table space; a = in some instances, the child specific energy cost for an activity with an identical movement pattern is used rather than an adult Ainsworth value with a more similar activity description; b = walking and running energy costs based on a 12 year old child; c = light, moderate and hard walking speeds based on speeds commonly reported in the Ridley and Olds energy cost review [9] and the customary slow, normal and fast walking speeds of 6-19 year olds reported by Waters and colleagues [16]; d = light, moderate and hard running speeds based on speeds commonly reported in the Ridley and Olds energy cost review [9].