PrimalPatern Movements. ANeurodevelopmental ApproachtoConditioning

Transcription

1 PrimalPatern Movements ANeurodevelopmental ApproachtoConditioning

2 Primal Pattern Movements A Neurodevelopmental Approach to Conditioning by Paul Chek A C.H.E.K Institute Publication San Diego, CA Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology

3 Primal Pattern Movements - A Neurodevelopmental Approach to Conditioning Copyright 2003, 2011, Apriori Anatomikos, Inc. Layout design: Joling Lee Editor: Penthea Crozier Proof readers: Clare Nelson, Ruth Pyszczynski and Holli Clepper Illustrations: Charlie Aligaen All rights reserved. All written and artistic content of this publication is protected under international copyright law. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no portion of this publication may be used, reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including fax, photocopy, recording or otherwise by anyone but the purchaser for his or her own personal use. This book may not be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the copyright owner, Paul Chek, or the publisher, C.H.E.K Institute. C.H.E.K Institute San Diego, CA, USA info@chekinstitute.com Printed in the USA Chek, Paul W. Warning - Disclaimer The workouts and other health-related activities described in this publication and program presented by the C.H.E.K Institute were developed by the author to be used as an adjunct to improved strengthening, conditioning, health and fitness. These programs may not be appropriate for everyone. All individuals, especially those who suffer from any disease or are recovering from any injury, should consult their physician regarding the advisability of undertaking any of the activities suggested in these programs. The author has been painstaking in his research. However, he is neither responsible nor liable for any harm or injury resulting from this program or the use of the exercises or exercise devices described herein. Primal Pattern is a registered trademark of Apriori Anatomikos and used with permission.

4 Primal Pattern Movements A WORD ABOUT COPYRIGHT The information presented in this, or any C.H.E.K Institute publication, seminar, video, DVD or course is the sole property of the author. Copying this material in any form whatsoever is strictly prohibited without written consent from the copyright holder. If you wish to use any materials, such as lecture or workshop handouts, correspondence course manuals, diagrams and text or concepts developed or taught by Paul Chek or his certified instructors, please use the following guidelines to avoid legal action: 1. If you wish to make significant use of any copyrighted material, e.g. duplicate a page for a client or use an illustration in a presentation, prior written permission must be sought from the author. Request for Pemission forms are available from the C.H.E.K Institute. 2. Whenever using information gained from any secondary source, always credit the referenced source completely and professionally. In the case of C.H.E.K Institute source, this means the author, C.H.E.K Institute and the course material. Paraphrasing without proper referencing is considered plagiarism. Whether intentional or not, this is theft of intellectual property and the plagiarist may be prosecuted under copyright law (depending upon the form and amount of the plagiary). Any type of impersonation of another s ideas is entirely unethical and heavily frowned upon in professional circles. 3. Professional referencing usually takes one of two forms: either the original author is indicated by name in the body of the text and a complete reference is included in the list of source material at the end or a number is inserted in the main text beside the borrowed material, with that number corresponding to the reference in the list of credits. There are many accepted methods of citing works. The following are standard; the author s name; title of book, article, course, video, DVDs etc. Title of journal or magazine (if applicable); publisher or producer (if applicable), date of publication/communication (if oral); page number (if applicable). 4. Any C.H.E.K Institute materials or concepts may not be sold, published or made part of any program for which a fee is charged without the prior written permission of the author. Vista CA 92081, USA 3

5 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements PLEASE READ. Important Registration Information This manual and exam are registered to the original purchaser of the course, under the number below. This number matches the number on the exam answer sheet. This number can only be used once. To complete the exam and to receive credit for the course, this registration number must be entered online or the original answer sheet with this number must be sent in to the C.H.E.K Institute. Only one certificate will be given for each registration number. Please Note: If you are part of the course sharing program you will need your own manual with registration number. THIS NUMBER CAN ONLY BE USED ONCE. Registration Number: PLEASE NOTE *If you have taken this course as a live seminar and you wish to use it as a prerequisite for the C.H.E.K Institute s Advanced Training Programs, then you will need to complete the exam. Please see page 49 for information on submitting the exam. *If you purchased this course through the C.H.E.K Institute e-learning Platform, you will need to log into your account and take the exam online. 4 Vista, CA USA

6 Primal Pattern Movements Contents HOW TO COMPLETE THIS COURSE... 6 COURSE OBJECTIVES... 7 HIGH-TECH OR LOW-TECH?... 8 Isolation = Specialization... 8 The Orthopedic Dilemma Software or Hardware Problem? GOOD MATERIALS McCarrison Experiments BASE CONDITIONING Base Conditioning Goals MOTOR ENGRAM PROGRAMMING Righting and Tilting Reflexes Feed Forward Recruitment of Stabilizers Maintaining Center of Gravity Base of Support Open- vs. Closed-Chain Compatibility General Motor Program Compatibility Relative Timing PRIMAL PATTERN MOVEMENTS Selecting Exercises Biomechanical Analysis Primal Standard Motor Engram Programming Benefits of Primal Pattern Training BIOMOTOR ABILITIES Biometer Co-Dependence REFERENCES HOW TO COMPLETE YOUR EXAM CORRESPONDENCE COURSE EXAM ANSWER SHEET GRADING REQUEST REQUEST FOR PAPER CERTIFICATE COURSE CRITIQUE REQUEST FOR TESTIMONIALS PAUL CHEK BIOGRAPHY Vista CA 92081, USA 5

7 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements How to Complete this Course as CORRESPONDENCE COURSE ONLY To maximize your learning potential, it is recommended that you complete the course in the following manner: 1. Review the DVDs. The first time through, just watch, listen and absorb the information. 2. At this point, you should read the exam thoroughly. The purpose is not only to pass the exam, but also to be proficient in applying the techniques. The exam questions will help direct your attention to important concepts and information. 3. Read the manual. 4. The second time through the DVDs, follow along in the manual and take notes! It is recommended that you stop the DVD rewind and review as often as necessary to clarify points that you may not understand. 5. Perform all the assessments and exercises you are capable of performing with good form. Repeat this process at least twice - not necessarily on the same day - and if possible, also practice them on a willing friend or family member. 6. Now that you have viewed the instructional DVDs twice and have read the exam, it s time to take the exam. Instructions for completing the exam are found on pages The purpose of this correspondence course is not to trick you, but to make sure that you are proficient in the areas of knowledge presented. The exam is designed to direct your attention to the areas of importance. The exam is designed to be taken online; the exam in the back of this manual is for you to practice on and keep for reference. 7. If you cannot take the exam online for any reason, you may complete the exam in the manual and return the exam answer sheet and grading request sheet via mail, or fax to: C.H.E.K Institute Exam Grading Vista, CA USA Fax: (+1) Please note: there is an additional fee for submitting your test to be graded by hand. Please see page 61 for details. 6 Vista, CA USA

8 Primal Pattern Movements Course Objectives 1. Recognize the need for a holistic approach to developing optimal resiliency of the body. Realize that exercise is stress and the stress-structure relationship must be respected. Realize that the strength of any structure is dictated by the quality and strength of the materials it is composed of. 2. Understand the difference between an allopathic (isolationist) and holistic (integrative) approach to rehabilitation and exercise. 3. Appreciate the software programming vs. hardware building approach to rehabilitation and exercise. 4. Understand the importance of a base conditioning program and what such programs should address. 5. Learn the key concepts behind optimal motor engram programming. 6. Review Paul Chek s Primal Pattern Movement system. 7. Learn what biomotor abilities are and how to best address them in your exercise programs. Vista CA 92081, USA 7

9 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements High-tech or Low-tech? Today, we have more technology than ever before. There are gadgets to test everything and a pill to cure just about anything that ails us. The problem is that these items don t seem to be helping. If anything, the declining health of our race as a whole is due to these so called advances. Since the advent of the microscope, the health of humans has for the most part declined. Medical professionals today are trained in high-tech quantitative assessment techniques. Unfortunately, many of the basic, holistic approaches that have been used for centuries have been forgotten about. There are more doctors, physical therapists, chiropractors and nutritionists per capita than ever. 1 Research and reports from traditional sources would like us to believe that orthopedic injuries have declined and that our health is better. However, if you look at alternative reports the opposite appears to be true. Figures on degenerative diseases show that the rates are skyrocketing. Why is this? The state of health today is a definite sign that something is wrong with the current approach of the medical field which is to treat the symptom, not to find the cause of the symptom. The good news is that there is a trend toward alternative health. As the public is becoming more aware of the issues we are facing, they are putting their trust in allied practitioners over traditional doctors and therapists. One of the current problems in the field of rehabilitation is the isolation approach that is used by most therapists. If someone injures a knee, the doctor works on the knee. Instead, they should determine if there is an imbalance elsewhere in the body that led to the injury to the knee. ISOLATION = SPECIALIZATION Each piece of the body fits together neurologically, chemically, mentally and physically. Today there are specialists for all the separate parts of the body. As we have become overly specialized, we have lost sight of what really makes people better. Specialists should be used when the software (diet and organs) and hardware (physical body) are working. Figure 1: Each piece of the body fits together 8 Vista, CA USA

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11 Primal Pattern Movements Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology THE ORTHOPEDIC DILEMMA Figure 2: The body is like a bicycle wheel The body is like a bicycle wheel. Imbalances in the muscles around the spine lead to abnormal stress on the spine. Spokes = Core & Muscles Rim = Spine If a bicycle wheel is out of alignment, you need to tighten the loose spokes and loosen the tight ones. The same is true with the body. You need to tighten (strengthen) the loose muscles and loosen (stretch) the tight ones. Another good analogy is that of a suspension bridge with cracks. If you just weld the cracks, but don t analyze the balance of the structure, cracks will keep occurring. When you treat the body, you need to assess the structure before you load it, to prevent future breakdown. In most cases, treatment should start with the least invasive processes first. Surgery should be the last option when all else fails. SOFTWARE OR HARDWARE PROBLEM? Software: Nervous system, digestive system, hormonal system Hardware: Your physical body, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage and bones You can determine a hardware problem with x-rays, bone scans and MRIs. A sign of degenerative disc disease, which shows up on an x-ray, is decreased spaces between the vertebrae. Joint degeneration can be seen on bone scans and MRIs. What you need to determine is, what wore that disc out? And, why is it worn out? Why do young athletes present with spines that look like 70 year-old spines? The materials you are made up of are only as good as what you supply your body with. Poor quality food + Poor exercise program = Poor hardware Figure 3: Joint degeneration 10 Vista, CA USA

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13 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Optimal structure allows force to attenuate out of the spine - the anchor of the body. When the spine becomes a load bearing structure it will break down. Optimal structure allows for optimal function and optimal function will, in return, maintain optimal structure. Stress fractures are a common injury in athletes. They should be looked at as a sign of a poor diet, poor training techniques and/or improper periodization. The body is capable of extreme neurological demands. To reach the body's potential, you must create smart muscles, not just big muscles. Figure 4: Spinal Vertabrae What does it take to build a resilient wheel? Good materials Good mechanic Good structural design or plan What does it take to build a good body? Good materials (high-quality foods) Good mechanic (coach) Good plan (exercise program based on an evaluation and assessment) Everyone is unique. You cannot successfully treat the same problems with one approach every time. You must consider the individual software of each client when treating the hardware. Give a man a fish (treatment), you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish (coach), feed him for a lifetime." We need to stop treating clients and start coaching them. If you don t evaluate your clients, you are just guessing when you write a program. 12 Vista, CA USA

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15 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Good Materials The quality of our food supply is dependent on the quality of the soil. Many people think of dirt as dead (only conventionally farmed soils may be dead). This is far from true. In half a teaspoon of organic soil there are over 10 million living organisms. These organisms are there to improve the quality of the soil and the plants that grow in the soil. A huge problem today is the overuse of pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and chemical fertilizers - all of which kill these important microorganisms. One of the important tasks these friendly microorganisms perform is the production of vitamin B12. Without adequate B12, you will likely become anemic and suffer from fatigue. Plants are only as healthy as the soil they grow in. Organic plants have been found to display better structure, are more disease resistant and have higher quality proteins than plants grown conventionally (with pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and chemical fertilizers). Just as plants rely on the soil for nutrients, many animals rely on plants for their nutrients. Humans then eat these animals and plants. Industrial farming and modern lifestyle does not complete the natural closed cycle. Manure is not always returned to the soil as it is meant to be by nature. Much of our waste goes into the ocean instead of the soil. Different species contribute different microorganisms to the soil. Without all of these species, the soils become deficient. The sea, on the other hand, is not meant to be a toilet and our wastes are killing much of the sea life in our waters. Figure 5: Organic Closed Cycle Are you a Ferrari or a beat-up sedan? 14 Vista, CA USA

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17 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements The best materials lead to peak performance. Poor materials lead to poor structure and decreased performance. McCarrison Experiments ( ) Sir Robert McCarrison performed a couple of very interesting experiments. His first experiment involved feeding rats a diet based on the Hunza (Sikh) of Northern India. The Hunza are known for their health and great physiques. They are skilled agriculturists working in extreme conditions. Hunza diet: freshly ground wheat flour made into cakes of unleavened bread, fresh milk and milk products (butter, curds, butter milk), pulses (peas, beans, lentils), fresh green-leaf vegetables, root vegetables, fruit, meat occasionally. The rats in the Hunza group were fed this diet for two years, equivalent to 50 rat years. They grew well. There was little disease among them, and they lived happily together. In McCarrison s second study, he compared two groups of rats, one fed the same diet of the Hunza and the other fed a traditional English diet, which is much like our modern diet, but with less processed foods. Figure 6: McCarrison Experiments (Reproduced from Reff. 11 p. 178) English diet: white bread, margarine, tinned meat, boiled vegetables, tinned jam and tea with sugar and milk. (McCarrison noted that this diet was not adequate in protein, fat, micronutrients and vegetables for fiber.) The results for the group fed the English diet were quite different. Rats on the English diet did not grow as well as those on the Hunza diet, became ill and violent. By the 16 th day of the experiment, the stronger rats began to kill and eat the weaker rats. The diseases suffered from these rats included: diseases of the lungs, stomach, intestines and nerves. Interestingly, these were the same diseases that one in every three sick persons among the insured classes in England and Wales suffered during the same time period Vista, CA USA

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19 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements THE VITAMINS WILL SAVE ME MENTALITY Many people believe that because they take vitamins, they do not have to consume high-quality foods. This is a dangerous belief. Vitamins are micronutrients that can support the macronutrients, but not replace them. We are still learning about vitamins, enzymes and other micronutrients. Only 20 years ago we knew of only of a few hundred enzymes, today there are over 3,000 known enzymes. Vitamins = Nails Figure 7: Vitamins = Nails 95% of orthopedic surgery is unnecessary. Alf Nachemson (orthopedic surgeon) 3 Base Conditioning Any rehabilitation program should begin with a base conditioning phase. The base conditioning phase of a program is the foundation for the specificity phases. If you do not set a good base, you will not achieve your desired results in the long run. Some clients will achieve short-term results on an ill-prescribed program. Just because a client is losing fat does not mean they are on a good program. They may be thin, but if their bodies are beat-up and in pain, their program was not effective. In martial arts, a white belt starts off with stretching, calisthenics and basic moves. This is in preparation for the increased physical and mental demands of the progressive levels. After time and grading, they are then able to progress to more complicated moves and perform them at higher speeds. Base Conditioning Goals 1. Improve health. The body needs to be healthy to be able to handle exercise, which is a form of stress. 2. Cardiovascular fitness, as needed. 3. Psychological fitness. Participation in exercise, especially resistance training, usually increases the sense of autonomy and well-being. 4. Improve flexibility and muscle balance. 5. Improve function through optimal motor engram programming. Understand how the nervous system works. 18 Vista, CA USA

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21 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements 6. Address relevant biomotor deficiencies. Most people train what they are good at, reinforcing imbalances. Instead, we should focus on improving the patterns clients are weak in. 7. Prepare for specific conditioning. Most programs start at this point, skipping the much needed base conditioning and transition phases. Programming Tip: Your base conditioning programs should build towards the end product, preparing the client for their specificity phases. Motor Engram A series of processes or commands associated with any cognitive goal or task. Once automatic, an engram is expressed at the subconscious level. A physical habit or memory trace made on the protoplasm of an organism by the repetition of stimuli. 4 Technically, an engram is associated with cognitive tasks. The brain needs some cognitive awareness to perform these functions. For example, when you pick up a grocery bag, you may not consciously think, pick up the grocery bag, but from experience your brain puts that command through and your body will respond accordingly. The more specific a command, the quicker the brain can act. The more frequently you perform an action, the quicker you react to that command. This is because patterns that are performed frequently are progressively stored at the spinal cord level, not in the brain. Examples: A boxer who is knocked unconscious may remain on his feet and fight because the patterns he uses to fight are base reflexes and come directly from the spinal cord. This is the same phenomenon that occurs when a chicken runs around after its head is chopped off. The body is functioning at a subconscious level, performing basic patterns that it is familiar with. An engram is formed progressively through repetition. It takes reps to develop a new engram. 5 Clinical experience suggests that to override a faulty engram takes reps. Therefore it is much easier to learn the skill correctly the first time than to have to go back and correct a poor engram. Because engrams are progressively stored at the spinal cord level, the more you perform a specific pattern, the easier it will become. 20 Vista, CA USA

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23 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements RIGHTING AND TILTING REFLEXES Motor Engram Programming Relevant reflex information is needed to maintain balance. Humans are designed to function in a three-dimensional environment to do what we need to do to survive. We are not designed to sit in chairs all day or train on gym equipment. In the past, the sport of bodybuilding was about health, but now it s focus in on looking good on the outside. The equipment bodybuilders use to achieve their asthetic goals does not train the necessary reflexes or stabilizer systems that improve functional movements. Programming Tip: When prescribing exercises, you need to consider which reflexes are dominant for your client in his work and/or sports environments. Many people will require strength in both types of reflexes. You must then determine if he needs to focus on one over the other, due to a weakness or by requirement. A righting reflex is used to keep the body upright when moving across a stable object, such as a street curb or balance beam. A tilting or equilibrium reflex, is used to keep your body upright when atop a moving object or surface, such as a moving sidewalk at the airport or water skis. 1. An example of a sport that requires a tighting reflex is tennis. The game is played on a stable surface. An example of a sport that requires tilting reflexes is water skiing. There are several influences that affect balance in this sport: the water, the boat and a constantly changing surface. Your body has to integrate all this information from the environment to develop a reaction. Your response must occur at a reflex level - be automatic - or you will not be able to stay upright. Center of Gravity It takes about milliseconds to generate a new movement. If you cannot respond at a reflex level, your chance of injury increases. The best place to develop these reflexes is in a training environment. As previously stated, you must learn to create programs specific to an individual client. Part of this is identifying the optimal response profile for the client s environment. Figure 8: Single Arm Press on Swiss Ball 22 Vista, CA USA

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25 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements An excellent exercise to train tilting reflexes is the Single Arm Press on a Swiss ball (Figure 8 on page 22). The center of gravity during this exercise is away from the body, providing a constant challenge to the postural system. Maintenance of your own center of gravity over your own base of support involves: Segmental stabilizer activation Gross stabilizer activation Static postural component Dynamic postural component 10,000 years ago, if you broke a leg, you would probably die. We are therefore designed not to fall. Our modern lifestyles, unfortunately, do not necessitate the athleticism required up until the last 50 years or so. People are much less active, and thus a lot less functional than they should be. Machines in the gym just compound this problem. People may be developing individual muscles, but they are not strong functionally. While the improved confidence people acquire from machine based training may be good for them emotionally, it can lead to injury in situations requiring functional strength. Many individuals take on tasks that they think their bodies can handle (such as carrying a heavy box or piece of equipment for an extended distance), because they feel strong, but in reality their body cannot handle the load properly and they end up injured. FEED FORWARD RECRUITMENT OF STABILIZERS Researchers have shown through controlled studies that the muscles of the Inner Unit (multifidus, diaphragm, pelvic floor and TVA) fire prior to the larger Outer Unit muscles. Whenever the brain is cognitively tasked with a motor command, there is a feed forward, or preceding command, to the core muscles to stiffen the axial skeleton in preparation for movement. As any movement skill is refined through practice, the feed forward command may also be improved with repetition, resulting in improved performance. 6 Extrinsic load: A load generated from an outside source on the body, for example a punch in boxing. Intrinsic load: A load generated from within the body, such as muscle tension from poor posture or activation of a muscle or muscles. The brain has to send information out before movement begins. Once a signal has been sent down the cortico- 24 Vista, CA USA

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27 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements spinal tracts, or the movement begins, no adjustments can occur. For example, if you take a poor swing in golf, you will often know before you hit the ball. However, at that point it is too late to change the motion. In a closed response system, you do have time to make adjustments. An example of this is when driving a car. If you feel the car drifting off the road, you can adjust the steering wheel and bring the car back on track. Most movements within our bodies are on a feed forward system. The body estimates what response is needed and reacts accordingly. Stabilization must precede force generation. If the body does not stabilize properly, increased torsion, compression and shear will most likely result. Insufficient stability will lead to injury. This is the rationale behind the statement, You can t fire a cannon from a canoe. The body calculates intrinsic and extrinsic loads very quickly. The only way to correctly select the optimal pathway is proper training in a similar environment that requires similar responses. The training demands must be comparatively similar to the environment of execution or transfer is limited or non-existent. Dynamic posture: The ability to maintain an optimal instantaneous axis of rotation in any/all working joints in any spatial/temporal combination. If you don t have optimal feed forward recruitment of your stabilizer system, your ability to maintain optimal instantaneous axis of rotation in working joints is going to be deficient. The job of the stabilizer system is to keep joints from derangement or self-destruction. If recruitment of stabilizers is correct, a concentric axis of rotation will result and ideal rotation occurs. If not, an eccentric rotation results. An example is lateral tracking of the patella in a runner due to instability of the pelvis and/or knee joint. The average runner takes about 9,300 strides in a 10 km run. Over time, the underside of the patella wears down. Surgeons will often shave the cartilage down, but often the pain continues to occur. Depending on the severity, surgery may be necessary, but the client needs to learn how to stabilize to prevent re-occurrence of the injury. 26 Vista, CA USA

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29 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements MAINTAINING CENTER OF GRAVITY For optimal performance, static and dynamic interaction must be reflexive. If it is not, you must train your nervous system so that the interaction becomes automatic. Example: The address posture in golf (static) is a necessary foundation for the dynamic golf swing. Poor strength or endurance at address can be improved with the Bent Over Row. But this strength/endurance must then be incorporated into the golf swing through integration training. An example of progression from static to dynamic integration is seen in Figure 9: Prone Cobra (A) Bent Over Row (B) Single Arm Bent Over Row Medicine Ball Power Swing (C) Swinging a golf club (the club can be integrated at any point when the client can maintain good form in the swing) Figure 9: Static to Dynamic Integration A. Prone Cobra B. Bent Over Row C. Medicine Ball Power Swing BASE OF SUPPORT As conditioning improves, athletes should be able to maintain their center of gravity over a progressively decreased base of support. The less the base of support, the greater the neurological demand placed on the system. To best train the nervous system for situations where the base of support is challenged, you need to challenge the client during training. The more control an athlete has during unstable situations, the better he/she will be able to perform, particularly if the environment of application is more stable than the training stage. OPEN- VS. CLOSED-CHAIN COMPATIBILITY Open-chain exercise: An exercise in which the distal extremity is free to move and the exerciser can overcome the object that force is being applied to. Closed-chain exercise: An exercise in which the distal extremity is fixed and the exerciser is unable to overcome the object that the body is pushing or pulling against. 28 Vista, CA USA

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31 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Motor engrams are highly specific. The lat pull-down (Figure 11) and the pull-up (Figure 10) appear to be very similar movements, but your brain has two distinct engrams for these exercises. The lat pull-down is considered an open-chain exercise. During this exercise, the distal extremity is free - the humerus moves across the scapula. The pull-up, on the other hand, is a closed-chain exercise as the distal extremity is fixed - the scapula moves across a relatively fixed humerus. The way the brain recruits muscle activation for these two exercises is 180 off. The recruitment pathways are therefore different, and you will not see a large carryover between the two movements. If you train a gymnast, for example, with predominantly openchain exercises, you will not get optimal results. But, if you train the gymnast with more closed-chain exercises, which have a higher carry over to their sport, the results would likely be better. Open- and closedchain compatibility is another variable you need to think about when you are choosing specific exercises for each individual. Figure 10: Pull Up = Closed Chain Figure 11: Lat Pull-down = Open-chain General Motor Program Compatibility The body only knows movements, not muscles. Consider the following two questions when writing your programs. If you answer no to either question, you should reconsider using that exercise in the program. Will the movement being developed contribute to your client s general motor skills development? Is the movement being developed or reinforced useful in your client s work or sports environment? A generalized motor program is thought to exist for movements that seem to vary along one or more well-defined dimensions. For example, there could be a single generalized motor program for all kicking movements. 7 The brain has a template for a kick, it just changes the amplitude, time and relative timing for different situations. 30 Vista, CA USA

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33 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements RELATIVE TIMING Movements within a class have the same relative timing. Examples of different movement classes are: Squat Lunge Dead Lift Gait (walk, jog, run) Example: A jump is a version of the squat (Figure 12). The relative timing of the joints involved in the two movements (ankle, knee, hips, arms) is the same. That is why you can improve your jumping ability by increasing your strength and power in the squat. Knee extensions will not have as much of a carryover because there is no movement at the ankle or hip joints, as there is in a jump. The brain is therefore not going to store the knee extension in the same class of movements as the squat or jump, so increased strength will not carry over. Programming Tip: Consider the relative timing of movement class, speed, amplitude and that of the exercises used in training. For example, an Olympic lift (high amplitude, high velocity, dynamic) is not likely to improve rowing performance (high amplitude, low velocity, isokinetic). Figure 12: Front Squat 32 Vista, CA USA

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35 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements PRIMAL PATTERN MOVEMENTS There are seven primary movements (plus jogging and sprinting) that are the base for most movements we perform. I have termed these Primal Pattern Movements, as they would have been necessary for our ancestors to survive. Prior to more modern times, anyone who could not perform these patterns would have a limited chance of surviving in the wild. In addition to the seven Primal Pattern Movements, there are a few specialized movements. These actions tend to be more sport-specific, for example, movements in figure skating. Figure 13: Twist TWIST: Throwing a spear, rock or bone to hunt are examples of the twist pattern in our primal (developmental) ancestors. As Grakovestky states in The Spinal Engine, if the spine is deficient, your motor engrams will be deficient, and your ability to use the ligamentous system will be deficient. You therefore will not be able to store potential energy of gravity or use energy stored in the facial system effectively. 8 Basically, the less you can rotate, the less functional you will be. Figure 14: Pull PULL: Pulling on vines, logs and branches, plants, tools and even a fresh downed animal were all movements tied to survival as a primal man. Figure 15: Bend BEND: Cooking was one of the hundreds of situations in which primal man was required to bend. 34 Vista, CA USA

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37 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Figure 16: Lunge LUNGE: Carrying food home to feed his family was one of numerous situations in which primal man performed the lunge pattern. During hiking, climbing and work (building & harvesting situations) the lunge was necessary. Figure 17: Squat SQUAT: Although primal man did squat to pick up a rock big enough to crack his coconuts open, squatting was a necessity in his environment. Primal man did not use furniture. His activities were predominantly ground based. To harvest, work, eat, and even rest, primal man would frequently squat. Figure 18: Push PUSH: Primal man had no bench press to strengthen his pushing muscles; he did it through exposure to the duties associated to survival. His duties were centered around hunting, gathering food, and building and maintaining shelter. Figure 19: Gait GAIT: Gait is broken down to walking, jogging and sprinting. Walk Jog Sprint 36 Vista, CA USA

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39 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Selecting Exercises BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS To select the optimal Primal Pattern Movements for general and sport specific motor development, you must determine: 1. Which patterns are dominant in your client s activities. 2. Which ones he is deficient at and needs to work on. Example: A baseball pitcher needs to be proficient at the lunge, twist and push patterns (Figure 20). If the pitcher is unable to perform a proper lunge, his delivery will be affected, and he will most likely compensate with his arm. This is a common cause of shoulder injuries among pitchers. Another cause is inadequate core strength and/or stability, resulting in a poor twist pattern. If the Inner Unit does not adequately stiffen the spine and control segmental movement of the working joints, the nervous system will inhibit the legs and trunk muscles to protect the joints. This usually results in excessive use of the shoulder to propel the ball, often leading to shoulder injury. Figure 20: Baseball Pitcher's Primal Patterns Lunge Twist Push 38 Vista, CA USA

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41 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements PRIMAL STANDARD Everyone should be able to correctly perform the Primal Pattern Movements with just their own body weight. Assess your client s ability at the primal standard. If the client cannot perform any of the movements with good form, you will need to descend the movement to a level at which he can perform the exercise. You will then need to work on getting him to at least the primal standard. For a client who can perform the movement patterns correctly with his own body weight (primal standard), you will be able to load him during the movement, or ascend the exercises to more advanced levels. THIRD DESCENT SECOND DESCENT FIRST DESCENT PRIMAL PATTERN Smith Machine squat Smith Machine lunge Ball on wall squat Lunge with 2 - arm support Squat - hand holding support Lunge with pole - single arm hold Squat Lunge Bend from seated Bend from knees Support by spotter Bend PRIMAL PATTERN FIRST ASCENT SECOND ASCENT THIRD ASCENT Squat 1-leg squat Balance board squat Squat on Swiss ball Lunge Walking lunge Jumping lunge Wobble board lunge Bend Bend 1-leg Bend on move Bend and generate/ receive force 40 Vista, CA USA

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43 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements Motor Engram Programming 1. Does the exercise or movement task selected address your client s relevant biomotor weakness? Base conditioning phases should address weaknesses. Specific conditioning should develop biomotor abilities specific to the task. 2. Isolation to Integration Isolation exercises generally develop isolated biomotor abilities not skills or functional movements. An example of an isolation exercise is the bench press. This exercise develops strength, but does not effectively train other biomotor abilities. Integration exercises generally develop multiple biomotor abilities and when properly prescribed, will develop relevant motor patterns. A cable-push is a more functional exercise than the bench press, as it trains the push pattern while also developing several biomotor abilities (balance, strength, coordination). 3. Improve Inter-muscular Coordination Inter-muscular coordination is developed through use of exercises targeting multiple joint and muscle actions. Optimal functional carryover is most likely when compound exercises necessitate use of centrally generated motor patterns. BENEFITS OF PRIMAL PATTERN TRAINING 1. Development of biomechanically sound general motor patterns. 2. Automation of Primal Patterns Movements and general motor skills allowing: Prevention of orthopedic injury through improved static and dynamic postural engram programming. Development of higher level motor skills. Improved ability to focus on game strategy or the task at hand, due to freedom from the physical body. 3. Increased neuromuscular reserve, resulting in: The ability to maintain one's center of gravity over a reduced base of support and improved sports performance. Decreased chance of injury late in games due to poor motor control. 42 Vista, CA USA

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45 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements 4. Multi-joint Primal Pattern exercises result in greater central nervous system fatigue than isolation and/or machine exercises, strengthening the nervous system. 5. Prevention of injury through prophylactic conditioning. BIOMOTOR ABILITIES Needs vs. Current Ability Tudar Bompa first presented the concept of biomotor abilities in his book, Theories and Methodologies of Strength Training. 9 He included the following qualities as biomotor abilities. Strength Power Endurance Speed Coordination Flexibility Agility Balance 44 Vista, CA USA

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47 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements BIOMOTOR CO-DEPENDENCE Different sports and work situations require different selections of biomotor abilities. A rugby player, for example, needs to be fast, but must also have agility, endurance and strength. On the other hand, a sprinter has to be fast, but does not need to be as agile or coordinated as the rugby player, who has to change directions and still be fast. Figure 21: Biomoter Co-dependence 46 Vista, CA USA

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49 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements References 1. Meeker, William. How Many Doctors of Chiropractic? Something to Consider. Dynamic Chiropractic. Online: Original reference: Copper and Stoflet. Health Affairs, Trends in the Education and Practice of Alternative Medicine Clinicians. Vol. 15, Number Balfour, E.B. The Living Soil and The Haughley Experiment. UK: Faber & Faber 1943, Euro Trans Med, videocassette of television show Stedman s Plus Medical/Pharmaceutical Spellchecker, premium edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Vol. I, Schmit, R. Motor Learning and Performance 2nd edition. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, Richardson, Jull, Hodges & Hides. Therapeutic Exercise for Spinal Segmental Stabilization in Low Back Pain. London: Churchill Livingstone, Shapiro, Diane. The Learning of Generalized Motor Programs. Dissertation presented to the faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Southern California, Grakovestky, Serge. The Spinal Engine. New York: Springer-Verlag Wien, Bompa, Tudar. Theory and Methodology of Training 3rd edition. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Abreu, B.C. Physical Disabilities Manual Additional references for further study Chek, Paul. You Are What You Eat. Audio series. San Diego, CA: A C.H.E.K Institute production, Chek, Paul. Flatten Your Abs Forever. DVD. San Diego, CA: A C.H.E.K Institute production, Vista, CA USA

50 Primal Pattern Movements How to Complete Your Exam If you purchased this exam through the C.H.E.K Instiute e-learning Platform, you will need to log into your account and take the exam online. When you have grasped the concepts and techniques presented in this course, you are ready to take the exam. Taking Your Exam Online This exam is designed to be taken online. This is also the quickest way of completing your exam and receiving your certificate of completion immediately. To take your exam: 1. Go to & follow the instructions to access the exam. 2. Full instructions to complete your exam can be found with the exam. 3. There is only one correct answer for each question. Select the best possible answer. 4. Choose one correct letter (A/B/C/D) for the multiple choice answers or the correct option (A/B) for True/False questions. General Instructions Only one person may take this exam, receive a certificate of completion and receive continuing education credits for this exam. Please contact the C.H.E.K Institute or your local distributor if you would like more information on our Course Share program, where two or more people can share one set of course DVDs. This is an open book exam. There is only one correct answer for each question. Select the best possible answer. Choose the correct letter (A/B/C/D) for your answers to the multiple choice questions or the correct option for True/False questions (A or B). You must apply what you have learned from the concepts and techniques presented in this course in order to answer some of the exam questions. Pass Mark The pass mark is 80%. Each question is worth 1 point. You will need to score at least 32 points of the possible 40 points. Retake Information * The majority of people pass the exam the first time, as long as they have thoroughly studied both the manual and the DVDs. * If you do not pass the exam, you may retake it twice more online for no additional fee. If you fail to pass on the third attempt you will need to purchase a new exam with a new registration number for $25. Vista CA 92081, USA 49

51 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements If You Do Not Have Access to the Internet 1. Complete the answer sheet on page 59 in the manual. 2. Circle the correct letter (A/B/C/D) for your answers to the multiple choice questions or the correct option (A or B) for True/False questions. 3. Keep a copy of your exam for your records, as your exam will not be returned to you. 4. Complete the Grading Request sheet on page 61 of the manual. There is a $30 grading fee, which includes a paper certificate, with results in 2-3 weeks. There is also a rush grading option for $50, with results in 2 business days. You can pay by US check, money order, Pay Pal or credit card. 5. Mail, or fax your Exam Answer Sheet, including registration number and Grading Request Sheet to: The C.H.E.K Institute - Exam Grading Sycamore Business Center 2105 Industrial Court Vista, CA USA Fax: (+1) Duplicate or Paper Certificate If you completed your exam online, you can log into your account and re-print the certificate of completion at no charge. If you require a paper certificate from the C.H.E.K Institute, there is a $10 per certificate charge. Simply complete the form on page 63 and send it to us. You can pay by US check, money order, Pay Pal or credit card. Course Critique We would appreciate your feedback and comments on this course, so we can improve this and future courses. Please take a few moments to fill in the course evaluation when you take the test online, or complete the critique on page 65 and send it in to the C.H.E.K Institute with your test. Testimonials We love to hear how you have benefited from this course in particular and C.H.E.K Institute education in general. We also use testimonials in our marketing, and offer a thank-you gift to anyone who provides a powerful testimonial that we use in our marketing. If you would like to share your thoughts and successes with us, please complete the Testimonial form on page 67, or send us an via the Customer Feedback link on our website. 50 Vista, CA USA

52 Primal Pattern Movements Primal Pattern Movements Correspondence Course Exam (Revised 2010) 1. Rehabilitation specialists (i.e. professionals who specialize in knee or shoulder therapy) would be most appropriate for a client who. A. Has an acute injury (i.e. a torn ligament or dislocation). B. Has an acute injury (i.e. a torn ligament or dislocation) and is experiencing localized pain, even after addressing nutrition and structural issues. C. Is suffering from a chronic condition and is experiencing localized pain, even after addressing nutrition and structural issues. D. Has an acute injury (i.e. a torn ligament or dislocation) and is ready to begin an exercise program after an injury. 2. It is important to create muscles. A. Smart B. Stupid C. Big D. Small 3. To correct muscular imbalances, you must. A. Stretch all muscles. B. Strengthen all muscles. C. Stretch tight muscles and strengthen weak muscles. D. Strengthen tight muscles and stretch weak muscles. 4. In McCarrison s second study, the rats fed the diet grew very well. A. Irish B. English C. Hunza D. American Vista CA 92081, USA 51

53 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements 5. As presented on the video, stress fractures can be correlated with. A. Poor diet. B. Poor diet and poor training technique. C. Poor diet, poor quality shoes, and running on hard surfaces. D. Poor training technique and running on hard surfaces. 6. If a young athlete presents with a spine that looks like a 70 year old spine, this could be a sign of. A. Lateral de-conditioning, Improper foot wear, Poor exercise program B. Poor quality food, Improper foot wear, Poor exercise program C. Lateral de-conditioning, Poor quality food, Poor exercise program D. Lateral de-conditioning, Poor quality food, Improper foot wear 7. Good quality supplements can make up for any nutritional deficiencies caused by a poor diet. A. True B. False 8. An athlete who has recently recovered from a knee injury comes to you for an off-season training program. What phase will you begin this athlete s program with? A. Power B. Sport Specific C. Strength D. Base Conditioning 9. Allopathic is defined as an approach to rehabilitation and exercise. A. Energy B. Integrative C. Isolationist D. Holistic 10. What is a motor engram? A. A series of processes, associated with a cognitive task, formed through repetition B. A series of movements that your brain recognizes as a specific command C. A movement pattern that is the basis for more complex movements D. A series of processes or commands that we are born with and are refined through childhood 52 Vista, CA USA

54 Primal Pattern Movements 11. Your body s software is comprised of the following systems: A. Central Nervous System, Musculoskeletal System, Digestive (Enteric) Nervous System B. Central Nervous System, Digestive (Enteric) Nervous System, Hormonal System C. Musculoskeletal System, Digestive (Enteric) Nervous System, Hormonal System D. Central Nervous System, Musculoskeletal System, Hormonal System 12. The knee is part of your software system. A. True B. False 13. Motor engrams that are performed repetitively are progressively stored. A. In the brain. B. At the spinal cord level. C. In the central nervous system. D. In muscles. 14. Correcting a faulty engram may take up to: A. 500 reps B. 1,000 reps C. 2,000 reps D. 5,000 reps 15. An extrinsic load is generated from inside the body. A. True B. False What is the dominant reflex profile for the following activities? A. Righting reflexes B. Tilting reflexes 16. Climbing a ladder 17. Wakeboarding Vista CA 92081, USA 53

55 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements 18. Tennis 19. Trail running 20. Mountain biking through gravel 21. When training a furniture mover, which exercises would be most appropriate in the base conditioning program? A. Dead lift, leg press B. Dead lift, squats C. Leg press, squats D. Squats, leg curl 22. Our core stabilizer system is. A. A closed response system. B. A feed forward system. C. A dynamic intervention system. D. An open response system. 23. An individual with poor dynamic posture. A. Has an increased chance of injury and will have a hard time learning new tasks. B. Will likely excel in activities that require high levels of flexibility and will not perform at his genetic potential. C. Has an increased chance of injury and will not perform at his genetic potential. D. Will likely excel in activities that require high levels of flexibility and will have a hard time learning new tasks. 24. How many reps does it take to develop a new engram? A B C D Vista, CA USA

56 Primal Pattern Movements 25. When catching a basketball there should be a feed forward recruitment sequence to which core muscles? A. Multifidus, rectus abdominis, diaphragm B. Transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis, diaphragm C. Multifidus, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis D. Multifidus, transversus abdominis, diaphragm 26. Which push exercise is highly integrated? A. Bench press B. Cable push C. Dumbbell incline press D. Cable cross over The following activities take place in predominately what type of environment? A. Open-chain B. Closed-chain 27. The legs in throwing 28. Hiking 29. Lifting an object from the ground 30. The arms in a golf swing 31. Half a teaspoon of soil contains about living organisms. A. 10 million B. 1 million C. 5 million D. 8 million Vista CA 92081, USA 55

57 Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology Primal Pattern Movements 32. What variables can be changed for a generalized motor program to make it more specific, without actually changing the template for that pattern? A. Amplitude and speed of movement B. Relative timing and speed of movement C. Force generation and relative timing D. All of the above 33. Which muscles are part of the Inner Unit? A. Transversus abdominis, multifidus, rectus abdominis, external oblique B. Diaphragm, transversus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique C. Tranversus abdominis, multifidus, rectus abdominis, diaphragm D. Tranversus abdominis, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm 34. Which exercise would be most likely to improve the performance of a motor cross rider? A. Swiss ball bicep curl B. Swiss ball bent-over row C. Cable push D. Bent-over row 35. Which of the following sports requires the most agility and coordination? A. Triathlon B. Rugby C. Cross country racing D. Tennis 36. In order to progress from static to dynamic integration, which of the following exercise sequences is appropriate? A. Prone cobra, bent-over row, medicine ball power swing B. Prone cobra, medicine ball power swing, bent-over row C. Bent-over row, prone cobra, medicine ball power swing D. Medicine ball power swing, bent-over row, prone cobra 56 Vista, CA USA

58 Primal Pattern Movements 37. Which exercise is most appropriate for improving jumping ability? A. Dead lift B. Squat C. Leg extension D. Lunge 38. When throwing a javelin, which primal movement patterns are being used? A. Lunge, twist, push B. Lunge, bend, push C. Squat, twist, push D. Bend, twist, push 39. A squat is an example of a closed-chain exercise. A. True B. False 40. A golfer would require more than. A. Power, balance B. Agility, strength C. Endurance, power D. Flexibility, agility Congratulations! You have completed this course. Vista CA 92081, USA 57

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60 Primal Pattern Movements Registration Number: (Please write your registration # from page 4) Answer Sheet for Primal Pattern Movements Exam This exam is designed to be taken online. If you are unable to take exam online, you will need to submit: 1. Answer Sheet - page Grading Request - page 61 Directions: Circle the correct letter (A/B/C/D etc) for your answers to the multiple choice questions. There is only one correct answer for each question. You must apply what you have learned from the concepts and philosophies presented in this course in order to answer some of the questions. Name: (as you would like it to appear on your certificate) Billing Address: Date: Apt./Ste. City: State: Zip Code: Country: Phone: Fax: Providing this information constitutes your permission for C.H.E.K Institute and authorized distributors to contact you regarding related information via mail, , fax and phone. Please check this box if you do not wish to be contacted about future educational opportunities. 1. A B C D 11. A B C D 21. A B C D 31. A B C D 2. A B C D 12. A B 22. A B C D 32. A B C D 3. A B C D 13. A B C D 23. A B C D 33. A B C D 4. A B C D 14. A B C D 24. A B C D 34. A B C D 5. A B C D 15. A B 25. A B C D 35. A B C D 6. A B C D 16. A B 26. A B C D 36. A B C D 7. A B 17. A B 27. A B 37. A B C D 8. A B C D 18. A B 28. A B 38. A B C D 9. A B C D 19. A B 29. A B 39. A B 10. A B C D 20. A B 30. A B 40. A B C D Mail, or fax your completed Exam Answer Sheet, and payment to: C.H.E.K Institute Vista, CA Vista CA 92081, USA 59

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62 Primal Pattern Movements Grading Request for Primal Pattern Movements Exam This exam is designed to be taken online. Directions for taking this exam are on pages You can use the preceding answer sheet to practice on before taking the exam online. If you need to send this Exam Answer Sheet in to the C.H.E.K Institute to be graded, there is a US$30 fee. The normal turn around time for exams mailed, ed or faxed to the C.H.E.K Institute is 2-3 weeks. Yes, please grade my test for a US$30 fee with 2-3 weeks turn around time. Yes, please grade my test for a US$50 fee with 2 business days turn around time. Please send my certificate of completion by: mail to the address below fax to the fax number below Name: (as you would like it to appear on your certificate) Billing Address: Date: Apt./Ste. City: State: Zip Code: Country: Phone: Credit card type : Visa MasterCard Discover Amex Amount to be charged: US$ Credit Card # Exp. Date: CID#: Fax: Signature: I am paying by check: check enclosed for US$ I am paying by PayPal: send payment to paypal@chekinstitute.com to the address below (Three-digit number printed on back of Visa, MasterCard and Discover; four-digit number printed on front of AmEx card above card number) Providing this information constitutes your permission for C.H.E.K Institute and authorized distributors to contact you regarding related information via mail, , fax and phone. Please check this box if you do not wish to be contacted about future educational opportunities. Mail, or fax your completed Grading Request form, and payment to: C.H.E.K Institute Vista, CA Vista CA 92081, USA 61

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64 Primal Pattern Movements Request for Paper Certificate Please send me a paper certificate for a US$10 fee. My course registration number (found on page 4) is: Name: (as you would like it to appear on your certificate) Billing Address: Date: Apt./Ste. City: State: Zip Code: Country: Phone: Credit card type : Visa MasterCard Discover Amex Amount to be charged: US$ Credit Card # Exp. Date: CID#: Fax: Signature: I am paying by check; check enclosed for US$ I am paying by PayPal: send payment to paypal@chekinstitute.com My mailing address is the same as my billing address. (Three-digit number printed on back of Visa, MasterCard and Discover; four-digit number printed on front of AmEx card above card number) Mailing Address (if different): Apt./Ste. City: State: Zip Code: Country: Providing this information constitutes your permission for C.H.E.K Institute and authorized distributors to contact you regarding related information via mail, , fax and phone. Please check this box if you do not wish to be contacted about future educational opportunities. Mail, or fax your completed Request for Paper Certificate form, and payment to: C.H.E.K Institute Vista, CA Vista CA 92081, USA 63

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66 Primal Pattern Movements Course Critique Name: Date: Occupation: Where did you purchase this course? (Please rate on scale of 1 to 5; 1 being the lowest and 5 being the highest circle one) Quality of materials presented Information was academically accurate and educationally sound Requirements for course completion were explained well The post-completion test was a valuable tool for measuring the amount of knowledge gained The level of difficulty was appropriate for my profession The course provided useful information for my profession My expectations were met What did you like most about this course? How would you like to see this course improve for future participants? Would you recommend this course to a friend or professional colleague? Why or why not? Y/N What other courses or topics would interest you in the future? Do you know anyone who would be interested in receiving information on C.H.E.K Institute? If you do, please list their names, addresses and/or phone numbers on the back of this page. We would be delighted to send them a brochure on seminars, courses, books/articles, DVDs, inventions, etc. Thank you for your participation. Providing this information constitutes your permission for C.H.E.K Institute and authorized distributors to contact you regarding related information via mail, , fax and phone. Please check this box if you do not wish to be contacted about future educational opportunities. Vista CA 92081, USA 65

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68 Primal Pattern Movements Request for Testimonials We are always appreciative of testimonials from C.H.E.K students that we can use to show prospective students how the programs can benefit them. Please take a moment to help us to help you! You can also submit a testimonial online via the Customer Comments section of the C.H.E.K Institute website. We give small thankyou gifts for any testimonials that we use in our marketing. Thanks for taking the time to write something the more great quotes that we have to let the world know about the program, the more successful we shall be! Here are a few ideas to get you going: How has this C.H.E.K Institute correspondence course helped you in your profession? What specific skills or knowledge have you learned that have been particularly beneficial? Can you tell us about any particular success that you have achieved with a client? I, (print name) authorize the C.H.E.K Institute and distributors of the C.H.E.K Institute s products to use the following statement(s) for promotional purposes. Signature: Date: My occupation: My testimonial: Providing this information constitutes your permission for C.H.E.K Institute and authorized distributors to contact you regarding related information via mail, , fax and phone. Please check this box if you do not wish to be contacted about future educational opportunities. Mail, or fax your completed Testimonials to: C.H.E.K Institute Vista, CA Vista CA 92081, USA 67

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70 Primal Pattern Movements Paul Chek HHP is a prominent expert in the field of holistic health and corrective and high-performance exercise. For over twenty-six years, Paul s unique, holistic approach to clinical assessment, intervention, treatment rehabilitation and education has changed the lives of countless individuals worldwide. By treating the body as a whole system and finding the root cause of a problem, Paul has successfully coached clients toward complete resolution of their health and performance challenges, where traditional approaches have consistently failed. Paul is the founder of the C.H.E.K (Corrective Holistic Exercise Kinesiology) Institute and the PPS Success Mastery Program based in San Diego, California. He developed the C.H.E.K Advanced Training Programs in 1995, which currently have over 6000 C.H.E.K Institute Trained Professionals worldwide. For over twenty-six years, Paul s unique, holistic approach to clinical intervention, treatment and education has changed the lives of countless individuals worldwide. As a walking, talking definition of success, Paul is above all an educator: teaching and applying his methods to benefit others. His programs are not only cutting-edge, students leave his courses and trainings with practical information that can be applied to achieve successful results right away. Paul is a sought after presenter and has consulted for organizations such as the Chicago Bulls, Australia s Canberra Raiders, New Zealand s Canterbury Crusader s and the US Air Force Academy. Paul was the keynote speaker for the NZ Musculoskeletal Conference in 1998 and was rated number one speaker by participants at the 1998 IHRSA conference. From 1992 to present, Paul has produced over 50 DVDs and advanced level home study courses designed for the fitness and clinical professional, such as his Scientific Core Conditioning and Scientific Back Training series. He is a regular contributor to several publications and websites. His book, The Golf Biomechanics Manual and course are PGA approved, and has been adopted for use by professional golf schools, as well as featured on the Golf Channel in Certifications: Holistic Health Practitioner (California), Certified Neuromuscular Therapist, Clinical Exercise Specialist (ACE), Massage Therapist (CAMTC) Testimonials From Peers Paul Chek s courses will give you a greater understanding and appreciation of the role that core strength and stability play in the development of an athlete -Al Vermeil, Strength Coach, Chicago Bulls Paul s workshops and videos are easily understood and provide excellent tips on proper biomechanics. These programs are a must for anyone in the rehabilitative or exercise fields." -Darryl Curl, D.D.S., D.C. Paul s approach reflects a unique synthesis of scientific principles and clinical experience that the practitioner can immediately apply. -Jay Smith, MD Vista CA 92081, USA 69