Toolbox for Reducing Sprains and Strains

Transcription

1 Toolbox for Reducing Sprains and Strains 2011 Oregon Landscape Expo Oregon Landscape Contractors Association (OLCA) Eric Connelly, CSP Illa Gilbert-Jones, CIH, CSP

2 Agenda Defining safety culture Material handling and body mechanics Warming up and stretching out Simple steps to ladder safety

3 What is safety culture? Culture: Behaviors, ideas, meanings, beliefs, and values of a group Is passed along through communication and imitation, mostly unconsciously

4 Safety and Compliance OSHA Safety

5 What about common sense?

6 SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 6

7 Common sense = good judgment Good judgment is the result of bad experience which is most often the result of bad judgment. CS = Experience + Training + Focus Good people can make bad decisions when good decisions are not rewarded Good people can make bad decisions when good choices are not available SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 7

8 The Safety Cycle Action Action Upper Limit Recordable Incident Rate Lower Limit Withdrawal SAIF CORPORATION Page 8

9 MANUAL MATERIAL HANDLING AND SAFER LIFTING

10 SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 10 Page 37

11 Manual Material Handling Use equipment whenever possible to lift, push, pull and carry heavy materials If you don t have the equipment use techniques to reduce stress on the body and get help Use good techniques on and off work SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 11

12 USE BETTER LEVERAGE BY KEEPING ELBOWS CLOSE

13 Leverage Zones The Green Zone Elbows in close to the body Pivot point is the elbow Weight is closer to the body provides better leverage requires less force to lift with your hands SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 13

14 Leverage Zones The Yellow Zone About 6 inches out from your side (about the distance between thumb & little finger) The pivot point has moved to the shoulder Force on the shoulder can be up to 6 times that of Green Zone SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 14

15 Leverage Zones The Red Zone Elbows stretch beyond the 6-inch string Pivot point changes to the low back Force on the low back can be 50:1 in the far red zone SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 15

16 6 inches closer reduces force 50%

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22 SUPPORT YOUR UPPER BODY

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26 MAINTAIN YOUR BALANCE DON T TWIST TRUNK

27 Line of Strength & Balance What is it? Imagine an elastic line stretched between your ankles You can easily shift weight from side to side One leg for power, one leg for balance SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 27

28 Your Line of Weakness Find the center of your line of strength and balance Make a line 90 degrees straight out and straight back This is your line of weakness SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 28

29 One Foot Forward! When you move one foot forward: The line of strength and balance changes direction The line of weakness also changes direction Instantly providing you with additional strength in front of you and less stress on your back SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 29

30 Why is this important? People often attempt to work along their line of weakness: Lifting boxes off the floor Picking up a pen off the floor Pulling a trash liner out of a can Transferring a resident from a bed/chair Vacuuming Putting a child in a stroller SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 30

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35 3-point contact

36 MAINTAIN GOOD POSTURE THROUGHOUT THE TASK AVOID AWKWARD POSTURE

37 Neutral spine

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42 Neutral Postures Postures in the mid-range of motion where the stress to joints, muscles, vertebrae and tissue is the least Arms relaxed at sides and not reaching Wrists straight Torso and Neck Upright The Body is strongest and most at rest in these postures. SAIF CORPORATION November 18, 2011 Page 42

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45 THE VALUE OF WORK HARDENING AND WARM-UP EXERCISES

46 How to over-do it Overworking cold or weak muscles can result in strained muscles and tendons Reducing your risk Stay (get in) shape New hires and workers returning from leave should be eased into harder work Allow your muscles time to warm up prior to engaging in strenuous activity

47 Implementing a Stretching routine

48 LADDER SAFETY

49 General Safety Rules Use the right ladder Inspect your ladder don t use a defective ladder Set up the ladder properly. Get help when moving or setting up long or heavy ladders. Climb facing the ladder. Center your body between the rails and keep your hips square to the rungs. Hold the side rails with both hands; Use 3-point contact

50 General Safety Rules Hold the ladder with one hand and work with the other hand whenever possible. Attach light, compact tools or materials to the ladder or to yourself. Raise and lower heavy, awkward loads with a hand line or a hoist. Use extreme caution when you re pushing or pulling materials. Inspect your ladder each time you use it

51 Safety tips for specific ladders Step ladder Fully open to lock the spreader. Do not use the top of the step ladder Do not use the bracing for climbing. Orchard ladder Do not stand on the top cap of the ladder or the first step down. Use the third leg of the ladder to increase stability not a branch. Do not overreach waist stays within the ladder side rails keep both feet on the same rung or step.

52 Safety tips for specific ladders Extension ladder Place the upper end against a solid wall that will support the weight of the ladder and the climber. Be sure the top of the ladder extends at least three feet above the support point. Do not stand on the top three rungs Use the 4:1 rule Non-slip feet are firmly and evenly planted. Place the ladder in a vertical position before raising the extension. The sliding upper section should be on top of the base.

53 References SAIF ergonomics webpage Leverage zone poster English SAIF Leverage zone poster Spanish SAIF 22.pdf Entry exit poster SAIF SAIF stretch & flex webpage with links to poster and handout in English and Spanish SAIF ladder safety website with links to posters and related websites SAIF agriculture safety website with poster and links to related information Orchard Ladder Safety ety_ver2010.mp4?sequence=2

54 Questions? Thank you