Year 7 End of Year Exam Revision

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1 Year 7 End of Year Exam Revision Physical Education Starter Video

2 The Exam The exam you will sit is out of 40 marks. 25 of these are multiple choice, 7 are short answer and 8 are short explain answers. The questions will be on topics that you may have discussed during your PE lessons, especially fitness lessons, throughout the year. There may be some things you are unaware of but with this lesson and the revision booklet you have been given you should feel confident ahead of the exam. It is a great opportunity for you to show off your knowledge, especially if you are considering picking GCSE PE.

3 Section 1: The Muscular System Deltoid Pectorals Bicep Abdominals Quadriceps Trapezius Triceps Latissimus Dorsi Gluteals Hamstring Gastrocnemius

4 Section 1: Antagonistic Pairs As muscles can only pull, a muscle must work in partnership with another muscle to allow movement. These pairs of muscles are called antagonistic pairs. When working as an antagonistic pair one muscle will contract whilst the other relaxes. The two main examples of these in the body are the biceps and triceps (arm) and the hamstring and quadriceps (leg).

5 Section 2: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Key Terms Heart Rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute. Cardiac Output is the amount of blood leaving the heart per beat. Breathing Rate is the amount of breaths taken per minute. Minute Ventilation is the amount of air a person breathes in per minute.

6 Section 3: Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise There are two types of exercise and creating energy for exercise, these are known as aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Task: Spot the odd one out. Tip: Think about how long the activities take. What might aerobic mean?

7 Section 3: Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise Aerobic Exercises: Uses oxygen. Can be maintained for long periods of time and is a moderate intensity. Sports where the athlete participates in aerobic exercise are marathon running, cycling and swimming.

8 Section 3: Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise Anaerobic Exercises: Does not use oxygen. Only lasts a short period of time as it is high intensity. Sports where the athlete participates in anaerobic exercise are a 100m sprint, shot put throwing and high jumping.

9 Section 4: The Components of Fitness There are ten components of fitness which athletes must have high levels of in order to be good at their sport. Certain sports require some components more than others. Task: What do you think these might be?

10 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Cardiovascular Endurance Definition: The ability of the heart and circulatory system to meet the demands of the body for a long period of time. Sports person who would need it: Marathon Runner Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

11 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Muscular Endurance Definition: The ability to move your muscles repeatedly without tiring. Sports person who would need it: Cyclist Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

12 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Speed Definition: The ability to move quickly across the ground or move the limbs rapidly. Sports person who would need it: 100m Sprinter Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

13 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Strength Definition: The maximum force a muscle can apply against a resistance. Sports person who would need it: Weight Lifter Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

14 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Power Definition: A combination of strength and speed. Sports person who would need it: Shot Put Thrower Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

15 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Flexibility Definition: The range of movement available around a joint. Sports person who would need it: Gymnast Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

16 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Agility Definition: The ability to change direction at speed. Sports person who would need it: Rugby Player Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

17 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Balance Definition: The ability to retain the centre of mass over their base of support without falling. Sports person who would need it: Gymnast Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

18 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Coordination Definition: The ability to move two or more body parts at the same time. Sports person who would need it: Tennis Player Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

19 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Component: Reaction Time Definition: The time between the presentation of a stimulus and movement. Sports person who would need it: 100m Sprinter Task: Can you explain why they would need it in their sport?

20 Section 4: The Components of Fitness Task: Watch the following video which features several clips. Whilst the video is playing think about which components of fitness are being used in the sport.

21 Section 5: The Methods of Training Method of Training: Continuous Training Description: Exercising continuously for a long time without rest. Sports person who would need it: Marathon Runner Task: Can you explain why they would use it for their sport?

22 Section 5: The Methods of Training Method of Training: Fartlek Training Description: Running/exercising at different speeds (run, sprint, jog). Sports person who would need it: Footballer Task: Can you explain why they would use it for their sport?

23 Section 5: The Methods of Training Method of Training: Interval Training Description: Completing high intensity exercises with rest intervals in between. Sports person who would need it: 100m Sprinter Task: Can you explain why they would use it for their sport?

24 Section 5: The Methods of Training Method of Training: Circuit Training Description: Moving around different stations doing different exercises. Sports person who would need it: Rugby Player Task: Can you explain why they would use it for their sport?

25 Section 5: The Methods of Training Method of Training: Weight Training Description: Lifting weights to increase strength. Sports person who would need it: Shot Put Thrower Task: Can you explain why they would use it for their sport?

26 Section 6: Warming Up and Cooling Down Every exercise session should feature a warm up, the main activity and a cool down.

27 Unit 1.2.b Applying the Principles of Training Section 6: Warming Up What should it include: Reasons why we warm up: Pulse raising exercise (jogging/side steps). Stretching the muscles. To reduce the chance of injury. To gradually prepare the body for exercise. Practising the key skills of the sport (passing etc). To increase the body temperature. To increase the heart rate slowly.

28 Unit 1.2.b Applying the Principles of Training Section 6: Cooling Down What a cool down should include: Reasons why we cool down: Low intensity exercise (jogging). Stretching the muscles. To reduce the chance of being sore the next day. To gradually bring the body back to normal by lowering body temperature and heart rate. To recover from exercise by stretching.

29 Unit 1.2.b Applying the Principles of Training Section 7: Preventing Injury in Sport When participating in sport injuries can happen. There are several things we can do to reduce our chances of getting injured when exercising. Warm up before exercise Wear protective clothing Wear the correct clothing/footwear Appropriate competition (same age / sex / ability)

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