Chapter 15. Nervous System and Behavioral Health. Copyright 2018, Elsevier Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Transcription

1 Chapter 15 Nervous System and Behavioral Health

2 Chapter 15 Objective 1: Pronounce organs and anatomic structures of the nervous system.

3 Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

4 Simplified View of the Nervous System

5 Cerebrum and Ventricles VENTRICLE CEREBRUM

6 Brainstem Pons, Medulla Oblongata, and Midbrain

7 Spinal Cord Showing Layers of Meninges

8 Cranial Nerves

9 Chapter 15 Objective 2: Define and spell word parts related to the nervous system.

10 Can You Define These Suffixes? 1. -iatrist 2. -iatry 3. -ictal 4. -paresis 1. specialist, physician 2. treatment, specialty 3. seizure, attack 4. slight paralysis

11 Helpful Information The combining form myel/o is defined as spinal cord in Chapter 15, although it also means bone marrow, as presented in Chapter 14. The suffix -paresis means slight paralysis, while the suffix -plegia means paralysis (Chapter 12).

12 Review Question Which of the following means slight paralysis? a) -paresis b) -plegia

13 Chapter 15 Objective 3: Define, pronounce, and spell disease and disorder terms related to the nervous system.

14 Disease and Disorder Terms Built from Word Parts tumor composed of developing glia GLIOBLASTOMA

15 Meningomyelocele

16 A Disease and Disorder Term Built from Word Parts... WE MIGHT HAVE EXPERIENCED Ice Cream, anyone? Why might some decline this offer? sphenopalatine ganglioneuralgia -algia is a suffix meaning pain neur/o is a combining form meaning nerve neuralgia is translated as pain in a nerve Nerve pain of the sphenopalatine ganglion BRAIN FREEZE

17 pertaining to below the dura mater, tumor of blood SUBDURAL HEMATOMA

18 Bell Palsy

19 Types of Dementia Common Types of Dementia Alzheimer disease Vascular or multiple infarct dementia Lewy body dementia Parkinson dementia Frontotemporal dementia (Pick disease) Less Common Forms of Dementia Normal pressure hydrocephalus Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Infections Tumors and chronic subdural hematomas

20 Alzheimer Disease A. Normal brain B. Changes from Alzheimer disease sulci (plural of sulcus): grooves or furrows in brain are widened gyri (plural of gyrus): folds of brain s outer layer shrink in size

21 Shingles

22 Causes of Stroke

23 Review Question A general term given to a group of neurologic disorders, all characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain is called? a) epilepsy b) Bell palsy

24 Chapter 15 Objective 4: Define, pronounce, and spell surgical terms related to the nervous system.

25 incision into a nerve root radic o tomy rhiz o tomy

26 Chapter 15 Objective 5: Define, pronounce, and spell diagnostic terms related to the nervous system.

27 Diagnostic Terms Built from Word Parts Diagnostic imaging cerebral angiography CT myelography Neurodiagnostic procedures electroencephalogram (EEG) electroencephalograph electroencephalography

28 Cerebral Angiogram process of recording the (blood) vessels of the cerebrum cerebral angiography

29 Review Question myel o graphy

30 Lumbar Puncture with Needle in Place

31 Review Question The correct spelling to label the diagram is: a) PET scan: positron emission tomography b) PT scan: positron emmision tomography

32 Chapter 15 Objective 6: Define, pronounce, and spell complementary terms related to the nervous system.

33 Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts Hematoma Pertaining to Below the Dura Mater sub dur al

34 A Closer Look at ESTHESI/O sensation, sensitivity, feeling ANESTHESIA: without (loss of) feeling or sensation DYSESTHESIA: painful sensation HYPERESTHESIA: excessive sensitivity (to stimuli) PARESTHESIA: abnormal sensation

35 Types of Paralysis hemi plegia paraplegia quadr i plegia

36 Chapter 15 Objective 7: Define, pronounce, and spell behavioral health terms.

37 Differences: Clinical Psychologist or Psychiatrist PSYCHIATRIST is a physician who has had additional training and experience in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. Psychiatrists often prescribe medications for patients with these disorders. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGIST is one who has had graduate training in clinical psychology and who administers psychological tests and treats individuals with disturbances of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders by counseling therapy.

38 Review Question PTSD is the abbreviation for a) posttraumatic schizophrenia disease b) posttraumatic stress disorder

39 Chapter 15 Objective 8: Interpret the meaning of abbreviations related to the nervous system.

40 Abbreviations Quick Review (1 of 2) Name the abbreviation for this sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain lasting a short time. TIA

41 Abbreviations Quick Review (2 of 2) These samples tracings represent what might be seen on a record of electrical activity of the brain, or EEG

42 Chapter 15 Objective 9: Apply medical language in clinical contexts.

43 Pronounce Medical Terms in Use

44 Comprehend Medical Terms in Use (1 of 2) Test your comprehension of terms in the previous medical document by answering the following questions. 1. While in the emergency department, the patient had: a. inability to swallow and paralysis from the waist down b. inability to speak and slight paralysis of the right side of the body c. inability to swallow and slight paralysis of the right side of the body d. inability to speak and paralysis from the waist down

45 Comprehend Medical Terms in Use (2 of 2) 2. T F A diagnosis of stroke was made after an MRI of the brain was performed. 3. The patient had a history of: a. sudden deficient supply of blood to the brain b. sudden loss of consciousness c. slight paralysis of one side d. a clot in the cerebrum