What is it? A severe painful headache with no cure Accompanied or preceded by sensory warning signs such as. Usually affects one side of the brain

Transcription

1 Migraines

2 What is it? A severe painful headache with no cure Accompanied or preceded by sensory warning signs such as flashes of light blind spots, tingling in the arms and legs nausea vomiting increased sensitivity to light and sound Usually affects one side of the brain

3 Effects of Migraines According to research the pain is caused by the release of certain brain chemicals, alterations in blood flow linked with constriction, dilation of arteries carrying blood to the brain, and inflammation. Among the biochemical changes associated with migraine are abnormal levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. In more than 40% of cases, however, the pain may be bilateral and neck pain is commonly associated with it. Bilateral pain is particularly common in those who have migraines without an aura. Less commonly pain may occur primarily in the back or top of the head. The pain usually lasts 4 to 72 hours in adults

4 13% Canadian have migraines 1,000 Canadians sufferer from migraines,2/3 women; 1/3 men, aged 18 to 50. Seven per cent of female migraine sufferers admit to not being able to care for their children, 13 per cent of migraine sufferers have had to take days off work, and 18 per cent report that they "can't do anything" and had to stop their daily activities and/or sleep. No reports of death due to migraines.

5 Causes It remains unsure what causes the migraine headache. Main factors can be categorized into two subgroups. Passive factors Genetics hereditary Active factors Stress Diet Exercise Sleep Barometric Pressure

6 Prevention Drugs that may reduce the frequency of attacks Beta blockers such as propranolol Heterocyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline Calcium channel blockers such as verapamil Anticonvulsants such as valproic acid. Beta blockers reduce blood pressure by blocking out adrenaline. heterocyclic antidepressant inhibits the nerve cells' ability to reuptake norepinphrine and serotonin. Calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from entering cells of the heart and blood vessel walls, resulting in lower blood pressure. Calcium channel blocker. Anticonvulsants increasie the amount of a certain natural substance in the brain.

7 Other Ways Of Prevention Besides medicine migraine can be prevented by changing lifestyles. Maintain a healthy diet. Take rest. Work out daily. Sleep enough. Quit smoking, it is one of the main factor to cause headache. Make a schedule to record when the headache happens, so it is easier to know when to prevent it.

8 Three Categories of Migraines Retinal migraine Chronic migraine Probable migraine Migraine headaches accompanied by visual disturbances or even temporary blindness in one eye Complication of migraines, a headache that fulfills diagnostic criteria for migraine headache and occurs for a greater time interval. Specifically, greater or equal to 15 days/month for longer than 3 months Probable migraine describes conditions that have some characteristics of migraines. However there is not enough evidence to diagnose it as a migraine with certainty (in the presence of concurrent medication overuse).

9 History An early description consistent with migraines is contained in the Ebers papyrus, written around 1500 BCE in ancient Egypt Trepanation, the deliberate drilling of holes into a skull, was practiced as early as 7,000 BCE. While sometimes people survived, many would have died from the procedure due to infection. It was believed to work via "letting evil spirits escape". William Harvey recommended trepanation as a treatment for migraines in the 17th century. In 200 BCE, writings from the Hippocratic school of medicine described the visual aura that can precede the headache and a partial relief occurring through vomiting.

10 Further Inquiry Acupuncture is said to remedy migraines that have already begun. More research should be done to prove or disprove that theory.

11 Bibliography s/ php Migraine. Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia [serial online]. 2015;:1p. 1. Available from: Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 25, Duane Hickey, Veteran, Diagnosed with Migranes.