Duus' Topical Diagnosis in Neurology

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1 Duus' Topical Diagnosis in Neurology Anatomy - Physiology - Signs - Symptoms Bearbeitet von Michael Frotscher 1. Auflage Taschenbuch. 532 S. Paperback ISBN Format (B x L): 19 x cm Weitere Fachgebiete > Medizin > Klinische und Innere Medizin > Neurologie, Neuropathologie, Klinische Neurowissenschaft schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.

2 VII Contents 1 Elements of the Nervous System... 2 Information Flow in the Nervous System... 2 Neurons and Synapses... 3 Neurons... 3 Synapses... 7 Neurotransmitters and Receptors Functional Groups of Neurons Glial Cells Development of the Nervous System Somatosensory System Peripheral Components of the Somatosensory System and Peripheral Regulatory Circuits Receptor Organs Peripheral Nerve, Dorsal Root Ganglion, Posterior Root Peripheral Regulatory Circuits Central Components of the Somatosensory System Posterior and Anterior Spinocerebellar Tracts Posterior Columns Anterior Spinothalamic Tract Lateral Spinothalamic Tract Other Afferent Tracts of the Spinal Cord Central Processing of Somatosensory Information Somatosensory Deficits due to Lesions at Specific Sites along the Somatosensory Pathways Motor System Central Components of the Motor System and Clinical Syndromes of Lesions Affecting Them... 57

3 VIII Contents Motor Cortical Areas Corticospinal Tract (Pyramidal Tract) Corticonuclear (Corticobulbar) Tract Other Central Components of the Motor System Lesions of Central Motor Pathways Peripheral Components of the Motor System and Clinical Syndromes of Lesions Affecting Them Clinical Syndromes of Motor Unit Lesions Complex Clinical Syndromes due to Lesions of Specific Components of the Nervous System Spinal Cord Syndromes Vascular Spinal Cord Syndromes Nerve Root Syndromes (Radicular Syndromes) Plexus Syndromes Peripheral Nerve Syndromes Syndromes of the Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle Brainstem Surface Anatomy of the Brainstem Medulla Pons Midbrain Cranial Nerves Origin, Components, and Functions Olfactory System (CN I) Visual System (CN II) Eye Movements (CN III, IV, and VI) Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) Facial Nerve (CN VII) and Nervus Intermedius Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII) Cochlear Component and the Organ of Hearing Vestibulocochlear Nerve (CN VIII) Vestibular Component and Vestibular System Vagal System (CN IX, X, and the Cranial Portion of XI) Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII) Topographical Anatomy of the Brainstem Internal Structure of the Brainstem

4 Contents IX Brainstem Disorders Ischemic Brainstem Syndromes Cerebellum Surface Anatomy Internal Structure Cerebellar Cortex Cerebellar Nuclei Afferent and Efferent Projections of the Cerebellar Cortex and Nuclei Connections of the Cerebellum with Other Parts of the Nervous System Cerebellar Function and Cerebellar Syndromes Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Cerebrocerebellum Cerebellar Disorders Cerebellar Ischemia and Hemorrhage Cerebellar Tumors Diencephalon and Autonomic Nervous System Location and Components of the Diencephalon Thalamus Nuclei Position of the Thalamic Nuclei in Ascending and Descending Pathways Functions of the Thalamus Syndromes of Thalamic Lesions Thalamic Vascular Syndromes Epithalamus Subthalamus Hypothalamus Location and Components Hypothalamic Nuclei

5 X Contents Afferent and Efferent Projections of the Hypothalamus Functions of the Hypothalamus Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System Fundamentals Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System Autonomic Innervation and Functional Disturbances of Individual Organs Visceral and Referred Pain Limbic System Anatomical Overview Internal and External Connections Major Components of the Limbic System Hippocampus Amygdala Functions of the Limbic System Types of Memory Memory Dysfunction The Amnestic Syndrome and Its Causes Basal Ganglia Preliminary Remarks on Terminology The Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Motor System: Phylogenetic Aspects Components of the Basal Ganglia and Their Connections Nuclei Connections of the Basal Ganglia Function and Dysfunction of the Basal Ganglia Clinical Syndromes of Basal Ganglia Lesions

6 Contents XI 9 Cerebrum Development Gross Anatomy and Subdivision of the Cerebrum Gyri and Sulci Histological Organization of the Cerebral Cortex Laminar Architecture Cerebral White Matter Projection Fibers Association Fibers Commissural Fibers Functional Localization in the Cerebral Cortex Primary Cortical Fields Association Areas Frontal Lobe Higher Cortical Functions and Their Impairment by Cortical Lesions Coverings of the Brain and Spinal Cord; Cerebrospinal Fluid and Ventricular System Coverings of the Brain and Spinal Cord Dura Mater Arachnoid Pia Mater Cerebrospinal Fluid and Ventricular System Structure of the Ventricular System Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation and Resorption Disturbances of Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation Hydrocephalus Blood Supply and Vascular Disorders of the Central Nervous System Arteries of the Brain Extradural Course of the Arteries of the Brain Arteries of the Anterior and Middle Cranial Fossae Arteries of the Posterior Fossa Collateral Circulation in the Brain

7 XII Contents Veins of the Brain Superficial and Deep Veins of the Brain Dural Sinuses Blood Supply of the Spinal Cord Arterial Anastomotic Network Venous Drainage Cerebral Ischemia Arterial Hypoperfusion Particular Cerebrovascular Syndromes Impaired Venous Drainage from the Brain Intracranial Hemorrhage Intracerebral Hemorrhage (Nontraumatic) Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Subdural and Epidural Hematoma Vascular Syndromes of the Spinal Cord Arterial Hypoperfusion Impaired Venous Drainage Spinal Cord Hemorrhage and Hematoma Further Reading Index

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