Chemoreception. Taste, Smell, Touch

Transcription

1 Chemoreception Taste, Smell, Touch

2 Sensory receptors Rely on the transfer of matter and energy Molecular transfer Chemical receptors Energy transfer Conduction The transfer of heat (kinetic energy) by physical contact between molecules. Includes mechanical waves and pressure waves Convection The transfer of kinetic energy by moving groups of molecules from one area to another Radiation- The transfer of energy via electromagnetic waves. These include visible light, x-rays, UV- light.

3 (meaty) Sensory: taste Chemoreception Taste receptors Bitter Sweet Salty Sour Umami?

4 Each taste bud contains more than 100 taste receptor cells.

5 Sensory: taste Energy transfer? Convection movement of molecules by bulk flow

6 Sensory: smell Smell Receptor Types: Ethereal Floral Camphoraceous Peppermint Putrid (rotten) Musk (Animal or sweat) Pungent

7 Diffusion : surface area Turbinals; increased surface area for diffusion

8 Sensory: mechanoreceptors What type of energy transfer do these types of receptors detect?

9

10 Hair Cells Mechanosensory Directionally sensitive Fabulously sensitive Can respond to sub-nanometer displacement! synaptic vesicles

11 Proprioceptors What type of receptor? This receptor detects what kind of energy transfer? Body position, motion Muscle contraction Tendon stretch Ligament movement Proprioceptors are located within muscles, tendons, and joints.

12 Pain receptors

13 TOUCH AND RELATED SENSES 1. All Regions of our bodies are sensitive to TOUCH. 2. YOUR LARGEST SENSE ORGAN IS YOUR SKIN. 3. MECHANORECEPTORS located throughout the Skin make it possible to sense touch, pressure, and tension. 4. In humans, the receptors for touch are concentrated in the face, tongue, and fingertips. 5. Body hair also plays an important role in the ability to sense touch. Large numbers of Mechanoreceptors are found in the skin at the base of hair follicles. 6. Our Skin has several different types of Sensory Receptors that are just below the surface of the Skin. 7. Two Types respond to Heat or Cold - THERMORECEPTORS; Two others respond to TOUCH - MECHANORECEPTORS; one Type responds to TISSUE DAMAGE WHICH CAUSES PAIN - PAIN RECEPTORS. 8. Sensory receptors for Hot or Cold are scattered directly below the surface of the skin. There are THREE to FOUR WARM Receptors for every COLD Receptor. 9. Sensory Receptor can be more concentrated in different places of our bodies. 10. The MOST TOUCH-Sensitive areas are the FINGERS, TOES, AND LIPS. 11. Pain Receptors are located throughout the skin. The Sensation of Pain can be experienced as either Prickling Pain (FAST PAIN) or Burning and Aching Pain (SLOW PAIN). Pain receptors are Stimulated by mechanical, thermal, electrical, or chemical Energy.

14 Sense Energetic transfer used Sight Radiation -- electromagnetic waves Hearing Taste Smell Touch/heat Conduction mechanical (sound) waves Convection movement of molecules via bulk flow Convection movement of molecules via diffusion and bulk flow All Three!

15 Touch Receptor types Touch receptor type Pain receptors Thermoreceptors Mechanoreceptors What it senses Intense pressure or heat imminent or actual tissue damage Heat Pressure, vibration, Body position

16 Receptor type Pain Receptors Thermoreceptor Mechanoreceptors Chemoreceptors Electromagnetic receptors Senses Using Them Touch Touch Touch, Hearing Taste, Smell Sight

17 What you should be able to do: Identify which energetic process is responsible for transmitting information to each sense organ. Explain how the property of sensation derives from a pattern of responses from cells that sense different stimuli (Colors from 3 types of cones, taste from 4-5 types of receptors, etc.). Explain how receptor specificity for chemoreception works. Explain the importance of sensory information to survival. Identify the location of sensory cells for each sense (Taste bud, nasal passages, skin). Identify which senses detect energy patterns and which detect patterns in matter.