Table S10 Mortality Study

Transcription

1 Table S10 Mortality Study Framingham Heart Study, Benjamin (1998) 1 ELAT Study, Austria and Serbia Stollberger (2004) 2 Copenhagen City Heart study, Denmark Friberg (2004) 3 Patel (2004) 4 Invited residents of Framingham aged years in 1948; analysis restricted to participants aged years at biennial exam Patients with AF from a single hospital in Austria and a single hospital in Serbia recruited during Random sampling of residents of Copenhagen during , , Residents of Olmsted County with AF diagnosed during with AF (52) Women: 76.4 Men: (36) (40) Women: 69.0 ± 6.8 Men: 67.0 ± (44) 73 ± years NS for 40- year period 101 ± 2 months Followed up until years 2.7 ± 1.7 years Followed up until 2001 AF increases the risk of death in women and men (OR, 95% CI): Men: 1.5 ( ) Women: 1.9 ( ) Risk of death without AF (men vs : 1.6 ( ) Risk of death with AF (men vs : 1.2 ( ) 164 Female sex does not increase the risk of death in univariate analysis death: 63 (men: 35; women: 28) All- cause: 84 (men: 50; women: 34) AF increases the risk of cardiovascular death more in women than in men: 2.5 ( ) AF increases the risk of all- cause mortality more in women than in men: 2.1 ( ) 166 Female sex does not increase the risk of death in univariate analysis

2 Miyasaka (2007) 5 Canada Parkash (2007) 6 Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation Nieuwlaat (2008) 7 Sharma (2009) 8 AFFIRM trial Badheka (2010) 9 Belgrade Atrial Fibrillation study, Serbia Potpara (2012) 10 Residents of Olmsted County with incident AF diagnosed during Residents of Nova scotia with AF screened during Outpatient or hospitalized AF patients from 182 centres from 35 ESC countries enrolled during Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized with during AF AF patients randomized to rate control vs rhythm control Patients with first diagnosed AF and no structural heart disease from the Clinical Center of Serbia recruited during ,618 (49) 73.1 ± (40) Paroxysmal: 64 ± 13 Persistent: 66 ± 11 Permanent: 70 ± 11 13,067 (58) 79.8 ± 7.6 2,492 (39) 69.5 ± (37) 52.2 ± ± 5.0 years Followed up until ,085 Male sex increases risk of all- cause death: 1.25 ( ) Male sex is not a predictor of all- cause death: 1.06 ( ) 2 years 73 Male sex is a significant predictor of death: 2.10 ( ) Median (IQR): 379 ( ) days for patients alive at follow- up and 164 (78 312) days until deceased 221 Female sex is not associated with the risk of all- cause death: 0.78 ( ) Median: 12 months 3,665 Male sex is a significant risk factor for all- cause mortality: 1.24 ( ) 3 ± 0.9 years/patient 10.1 ± 6.1 years 304 Male sex is not a significant predictor of all- cause mortality (P = 0.73) Women: 16 Men: 33 No sex- specific difference in the risk of all- cause death (P >0.05)

3 Olsson (2013) 11 All first admissions with AF in patients aged years from 1987 to ,000 (44) in the overall cohort 328,907 included in the mortality analysis 3 years 90,835 Female sex significantly reduces the risk of death: 0.80 ( ) Spain Gallego (2013) 12 Turakhia (2013) 13 RE- LY trial Marijon (2013) 14 AF patients initiated on acenocoumarol at a single outpatient anticoagulation clinic in Murcia, 2009 Medicare beneficiaries with new AF diagnosed Participants of RE- LY trial; recruited from 44 countries 72.1 ± (51) Median (IQR): 76 (69 82) years 228,295 (56) 79.6 ± ,113 (36) 71.5 ± 9 years Median (IQR): 835 ( ) days 48 Sex is not a significant predictor of death Up to 2008 NS Male sex is a significant risk factor for death: 1.07 ( ) Median: 2 years 1,371 Male sex increases the risk of all- cause death: 1.21 ( ) Male sex increases the risk of overall cardiac death: 1.40 ( ) Male sex increases the risk of sudden cardiac death: 1.66 ( )

4 ARIC, Health Study, Chen (2013) 15 Loire valley Atrial Fibrillation Project, France Banerjee (2013) 16 ARIC: Residents of four communities in, aged years, enrolled Health Study: Medicare eligible residents (age 65 years) from four communities in with baseline examination in and Patients diagnosed with AF or atrial flutter at a single hospital in Tours between ARIC: Total: 154,39 (55) With AF: 8147 (56) 54.2 ± 5.8 Health study: Total: 5,479 (58) With AF: 4,021 (60) 72.7 ± 5.5 7,156 (38) Paroxysmal: 68.0 ± 16.2 Persistent: 67.4 ± 12.1 Permanent: 73.7 ± 12.9 ARIC: incident AF through 2001 Health Study: incident AF through 2006 Sudden cardiac death: ARIC: 238 in AF and 31 in no- AF groups Health study: 225 in AF and 67 in non- AF groups Non- sudden cardiac death: ARIC: 189 in AF and 44 in non- AF groups Health Study: 379 in AF and 202 in non- AF groups Risk of sudden cardiac death (AF vs no AF)does not differ by sex: ARIC: Women: 4.21 ( ) Men: 3.12 ( ) (P = 0.60 for interaction) Health Study: Women: 2.49 ( ) Men: 1.99 ( ) (P = 0.33 for interaction) NS 847 Female sex is not a significant predictor of all- cause mortality: 1.00 ( )

5 Sweden Andersson (2014) 17 Patients with incident lone AF from Nationwide cohort study based on Swedish registers recruited ,519 (% women NS) Women: 67.7 ± 10.4 Men: 54.9 ± 13.4 Until 31 December 2009 NS All- cause mortality is lower in women compared to men (age- adjusted): 0.74 ( ) All- cause mortality is lower in women than in men for 55 years of age: < 55 years: 1.32 ( ) years: 0.65 ( ) years: 0.67 ( ) years: 0.81 ( ) Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort, Denmark Overvad (2014) 18 J- RHYTHM registry, Japan Inoue (2014) 19 Patients with incident AF aged years residing in Copenhagen or Aarhus recruited during AF patients from outpatient clinics ,895 (36%) Median (10 th, 90 th percentile) Women: 67.6 ( ) Men: 66.5 ( ) 7,406 (23%) Women: 73 ± 9 Men: 69 ± 10 Median (10 th, 90 th percentile) Women: 4.9 ( ) Men: 5.1 ( ) 2 years of follow- up or until event 500 (349 men, 151 Risk of death is lower in women than in men: 0.65 ( ) 195 Male sex is a significant factor for all- cause mortality: OR 1.78, 95% CI

6 Chamberlain (2015) 20 Residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota most of whom receive care at Mayo clinic Age 18 years 3,344 total (45%) 72.6 ± ± 3.5 years 1,615 over the entire study period 433 during the first 90 days Sex is not a significant predictor of death within first 90 days Gulf region Gulf- SAFE Zubaid (2015) 21 AF patients presented to Emergency Departments of 23 hospitals in six countries recruited ,721 (44) year 263 Male sex is not a significant predictor of death: OR 0.83, 95% CI AF, atrial fibrillation; AFFIRM, Atrial Fibrillation Follow- up Investigation of Rhythm Management; ARIC, the Atherosclerotic Risk in Communities; ELAT, Embolism in Left Atrial Thrombi; ESC, European Society of Cardiology; Gulf- SAFE, Gulf Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Events; IQR, interquartile range; NS, not specified; RE- LY: The Randomized Evaluation of Long- Term Anticoagulation Therapy.

7 References 1. Benjamin, E.J. et al. Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on the Risk of Death: The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 98, (1998). 2. Stollberger, C. et al. Mortality and rate of stroke or embolism in atrial fibrillation during long- term follow- up in the embolism in left atrial thrombi (ELAT) study. Clin Cardiol 27, 40-6 (2004). 3. Friberg, J., Scharling, H., Gadsboll, N., Truelsen, T. & Jensen, G.B. Comparison of the impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of stroke and cardiovascular death in women versus men (The Copenhagen City Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 94, (2004). 4. Patel, P.J. et al. Outcome of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation at the Mayo Clinic and residing in that area. Am J Cardiol 94, (2004). 5. Miyasaka, Y. et al. Mortality trends in patients diagnosed with first atrial fibrillation: a 21- year community- based study. J Am Coll Cardiol 49, (2007). 6. Parkash, R. et al. The impact of warfarin use on clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation: a population- based study. Can J Cardiol 23, (2007). 7. Nieuwlaat, R. et al. Prognosis, disease progression, and treatment of atrial fibrillation patients during 1 year: follow- up of the Euro Heart Survey on atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 29, (2008). 8. Sharma, S., Gage, B.F., Deych, E. & Rich, M.W. Anemia: an independent predictor of death and hospitalizations among elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 157, (2009). 9. Badheka, A.O. et al. Influence of obesity on outcomes in atrial fibrillation: yet another obesity paradox. Am J Med 123, (2010). 10. Potpara, T.S. et al. Gender- related differences in presentation, treatment and long- term outcome in patients with first- diagnosed atrial fibrillation and structurally normal heart: The Belgrade atrial fibrillation study. Int J Cardiol 161, (2012). 11. Olsson, L.G., Swedberg, K., Lappas, G., Stewart, S. & Rosengren, A. Trends in mortality after first hospitalization with atrial fibrillation diagnosis in Sweden 1987 to Int J Cardiol 170, (2013). 12. Gallego, P. et al. Cessation of oral anticoagulation in relation to mortality and the risk of thrombotic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Thromb Haemost 110, (2013). 13. Turakhia, M.P. et al. Burden, timing, and relationship of cardiovascular hospitalization to mortality among Medicare beneficiaries with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 166, (2013). 14. Marijon, E. et al. Causes of death and influencing factors in patients with atrial fibrillation: a competing- risk analysis from the randomized evaluation of long- term anticoagulant therapy study. Circulation 128, (2013). 15. Chen, L.Y. et al. Atrial fibrillation and the risk of sudden cardiac death: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study and cardiovascular health study. JAMA Intern Med 173, (2013). 16. Banerjee, A. et al. Pattern of atrial fibrillation and risk of outcomes: the Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project. Int J Cardiol 167, (2013). 17. Andersson, T. et al. Gender- related differences in risk of cardiovascular morbidity and all- cause mortality in patients hospitalized with incident atrial fibrillation without concomitant diseases: A nationwide cohort study of 9519 patients. Int J Cardiol 177, (2014).

8 18. Overvad, T.F. et al. Female sex as a risk factor for thromboembolism and death in patients with incident atrial fibrillation. The prospective Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study. Thromb Haemost 112, (2014). 19. Inoue, H. et al. Impact of Gender on the Prognosis of Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 113, (2014). 20. Chamberlain, A.M. et al. Decade- long Trends in Atrial Fibrillation Incidence and Survival: A Community Study. Am J Med 128, e1 (2015). 21. Zubaid, M. et al. Management and 1- year outcomes of patients with atrial fibrillation in the Middle East: Gulf survey of atrial fibrillation events. Angiology 66, (2015).