This is not a required assignment but it is recommended.

Transcription

1 SU 12 Name: This is not a required assignment but it is recommended. BIO Anatomy & Physiology II Practice Assignment 2 - The Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems 1. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and blood in the lungs is called A. Ventilation B. Systemic respiration C. Internal respiration D. External respiration E. Cellular respiration 2. In this sagittal section showing the upper respiratory tract, what structure does number 1 indicate? A. Uvula B. Soft palate C. Hard palate D. Nasal conchae E. Epiglottis 3. Into what region of the pharynx do auditory tubes open? A. Oropharynx B. Nasopharynx C. Laryngopharynx

2 4. What structure is also known as the voice box? A. Larynx B. Pharynx C. Esophagus D. Bronchus E. Trachea 5. Which structure is highlighted? A. laryngeal cartilages B. hyoid bone C. thyrohyoid ligament D. tracheal cartilages E. cricothyroid ligament 6. What type of tissue lines the trachea? A. Cuboidal epithelium B. Simple squamous epithelium C. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium D. Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium E. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium 7. What prevents the trachea from collapsing? A. The internal air pressure within the trachea B. The surrounding muscles C. The internal epithelium D. The C-shaped cartilaginous rings E. Nothing, it pulsates (expands and contracts) with each breath

3 8. On each side of the chest, the pleura lines the internal thoracic wall and the pleura tightly covers the lung. A. Thoracic; pulmonary B. Parietal; visceral C. Visceral; parietal D. Fibrous; serous E. Respiratory; pleural 9. In this close-up image of a lung, what structure does number 3 indicate? A. Alveolus B. Alveolar duct C. Terminal bronchiole D. Secondary bronchiole 10. The respiratory membrane, across which gas exchange occurs, is formed by the wall of the respiratory bronchiole and the pulmonary capillary. True False 11. Gasses diffuse because of differences in pressures from areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure. True False 12. During inspiration thoracic cavity volume increases. True False 13. As the diaphragm relaxes, it is depressed (moves inferiorly). True False

4 14. During expiration... A. Decreased alveolar volume causes increased alveolar pressure B. Increased alveolar volume causes increased alveolar pressure C. Increased alveolar volume causes decreased alveolar pressure D. Decreased alveolar volume causes decreased alveolar pressure 15. The result of the process of inspiration is... A. Increased alveolar volume causes decreased alveolar pressure B. Increased alveolar volume causes increased alveolar pressure C. Decreased alveolar volume causes increased alveolar pressure D. Decreased alveolar volume causes decreased alveolar pressure 16. The involuntary, rhythmic activities that deliver and remove respiratory gases are regulated in the A. Brainstem B. Midbrain C. Cerebellum D. Cerebral nuclei E. Occipital lobe of the brain 17. Contraction of these muscles depresses the ribs, but only during forced exhalation. A. External intercostals B. Scalenes C. Transversus thoracis D. Internal intercostals E. Serratus posterior inferior 18. Which can be used to characterize blood flow in the human body? a: There is a unidirectional blood flow b: Arteries always carry oxygenated blood c: Veins always carry deoxygenated blood d: Arteries carry blood away from the heart e: Veins carry blood toward the heart A. a, c, d, e B. a, b, c, d, e C. a, d, e D. b, c, d, e E. d, e

5 19. In this figure showing an anterior view of the heart, the left atrium is noted by number A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E In this figure showing an anterior view of the heart, number 7 depicts the A. Aortic semilunar valve B. Right atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right atrioventricular valve E. Pulmonary semilunar valve

6 21. In this figure showing an oblique section of the heart, the pulmonary semilunar valve is number A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5 E Which of the following statements correctly lists the layers of the outer serous membranous sac lining the pericardial cavity? A. Myocardium, endocardium, parietal pericardium, myocardium, epicardium B. Fibrous pericardium, endocardium, parietal pericardium, myocardium C. Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, epicardium, myocardium, endocardium 23. Which heart chambers pump deoxygenated blood? A. Left atrium and right atrium B. Left ventricle and right ventricle C. Right atrium and right ventricle D. Left atrium and left ventricle E. Right atrium and left ventricle

7 24. The base of the heart is formed primarily by the A. Right atrium B. Right ventricle C. Left atrium D. Left ventricle E. None of these choices 25. Which correctly describes the heart s apex? A. Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body B. Projects slightly anteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body C. Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the left side of the body D. Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the right side of the body E. Projects slightly posteroinferiorly toward the midline of the body 26. Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions? A. Pulmonary circuit B. Innards circuit C. Vagus circuit D. Systemic circuit E. Vanguard circuit 27. Which valve prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle when the ventricles relax? A. Left atrioventricular valve B. Aortic semilunar valve C. Right atrioventricular valve D. Pulmonary semilunar valve E. None of these answers is correct 28. Which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart? A. Pulmonary arteries B. Pulmonary veins C. Pulmonary trunk D. Inferior vena cava E. Superior vena cava

8 29. During ventricular diastole A. Only the AV valves open B. Only the AV valves close C. Only the semilunar valves close D. The semilunar valves close and the AV valves open E. The semilunar valves open and the AV valves close 30. The sequence of events in the transmission of an impulse through the heart muscle is a: AV node b: AV bundle c: SA node d: through the atria e: through the ventricles f: bundle branches g: Purkinje fibers A. c, d, a, b, f, g, e B. d, b, a, c, f, g, e C. b, a, d, c, f, g, e D. f, g, d, c, b, a, e E. c, d, a, f, b, g, e 31. As an arterial pathway moves farther from the heart, the arteries A. Get smaller B. Get larger C. Show no change in their lumen size 32. Blood pressure is lowest in A. Arteries B. Veins C. Arterioles D. Venules E. Capillaries 33. Increased cardiac output the blood pressure. A. Decreases B. Increases C. Will not affect

9 34. Which sequence indicates the correct pathway for blood in the arterial flow of the upper appendage? A. Axillary artery - brachial artery - subclavian artery - ulnar artery B. Brachial artery - subclavian artery - axillary artery - radial artery C. Axillary artery - subclavian artery - radial artery - ulnar artery D. Subclavian artery - brachial artery - axillary artery - radial artery E. Subclavian artery - axillary artery - brachial artery - ulnar artery 35. Vasoconstriction of the arterioles will result in in blood pressure. A. An increase B. A decrease C. No change 36. Which of the following arteries extends from the abdominal aorta to supply the arteries and tissues of the lower extremities. A. Dorsalis pedis B. Femoral C. Popliteal D. Posterior tibial E. Common iliac

10 37. In the figure showing an anterior view of the veins, which number indicates the left subclavian vein? A. 1 B. 2 C. 5 D. 6 E In the figure showing an anterior view of the arteries, number 3 indicates the A. Abdominal aorta B. Left external carotid artery C. Left common carotid artery D. Brachialcephalic artery E. Right coronary artery