CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: BLOOD + BLOOD VESSELS. October 21, 2016
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1 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: BLOOD + BLOOD VESSELS October 21, 2016
2 Review AGENDA Questions Activity Notes
3 HEART
4 HEART = A BIG, WET, MUSCLY PUMP
5 Body temperature ph levels Volume of body fluid REGULATES HEART TRANSPORTS nutrients oxygen waste heat hormones immune cells
6 3 TYPES OF CIRCULATION - Coronary = blood (vessels) around the heart - Pulmonary = blood (vessels) from heart to lungs - Systemic = blood (vessels) from heart to rest of the body
7 BLOOD
8 COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
9 COMPONENTS OF BLOOD 1. RED BLOOD CELLS (RBCs) / ERYTHROCYTES O2 transporter Simple little cells from stem cells of the bone marrow 45% total blood volume Bi-concave shape Large surface Ideal for gas exchange NO nucleus Flexible able to change shape as they travel through capillaries Surviving an average of only 120 DAYS
10 ERYTHROCYTES 4 irons/hb 250 million Hb/RBC 1 billion O2/RBC RBC Hemoglobin Hemoglobin Heme
11 COMPONENTS OF BLOOD 2. WHITE BLOOD CELLS / LEUKOCYTES Defense system Stem cells of the bone marrow <1% YES nucleus 2 Types Granulocytes Acquired immune response Agranulocytes macrophages
12 COMPONENTS OF BLOOD 2. PLATELETS / THROMBOCYTES Blood clotting Stem cells of the bone marrow <1% NO nucleus
13 COMPONENTS OF BLOOD 3. PLASMA Little bit of everything ~55% of total blood volume 90% water 10% solutes Ions Proteins Nutrients Wastes Gases
14 QUESTIONS
15 QUESTION #1 OXYGENATION OF BLOOD
16 QUESTION #2 PLASMA FUNCTION Little bit of everything ~55% of total blood volume 90% water 10% solutes Ions ph levels Osmotic pressure Muscle contraction Action potentials Proteins Albumins: osmotic pressure Globulins: antibodies Fibrinogens: blood clotting Nutrients Wastes Gases
17 QUESTION #3 TIMING OF BLOOD DOPING?
18 QUESTION #4 LOCATION OF SPLEEN
19 QUESTION #5 FUNCTION OF GRANULES Contain enzymes that damage or digest pathogens and release inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream Pathogen = disease-causing bacterium, virus, or microorganism
20 BLOOD
21 BLOOD TYPES
22 RHESUS FACTOR Another chemical identification tag in blood Rh + person has Rh factor Rh - develops antibodies against Rh + problem in pregnancy
23 RHESUS FACTOR
24 ACTIVITY
25 FIND A DONOR! EVEN numbers, find a donor! Go around ask people for their blood types, how fast can you find your donor?
26 BLOOD COMPATIBILITY
27 BLOOD TYPE DISTRIBUTION Blood Type Distribution Rh + (%) Rh - (%) O 39 7 A 36 6 B AB
28 BLOOD VESSELS
29 FUNCTION Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body Carry away waste products Part of maintaining blood pressure
30 FORM + FUNCTION Active and dynamic organs that are capable of contracting and expanding Three layers of tissue Inner = smooth epithelial cells reduce friction Middle = made of smooth muscle cells and sheets of the protein elastin Key role in blood flow, pressure Outer = made mostly of loosely woven collagen-fiber Protects and reinforces the whole blood vessel
31 3 MAJOR TYPES Arteries carry blood away from the heart arterioles = mini-arteries that branch out into the capillaries Veins carry blood towards the heart Venules = the smallest vein components that suck blood out of the capillaries Capillaries Transfer station between the two
32 ARTERY High pressure Aorta and major branches = ELASTIC - contain more elastin than any other blood vessel type Muscular arteries = THICKEST middle layer additional smooth muscle tissue
33 CAPILLARIES Made of single layer of epithelial tissue Able to deliver the oxygen and other nutrients in your blood to their cellular destinations through diffusion Cells dump their carbon dioxide and other waste back into the blood and send it away
34 VEIN Low pressure Has to work against gravity Venous valve: to help keep the blood from flowing backward
35 QUESTION #1 OXYGENATION OF BLOOD
36 EXIT CARD 1. vessels involved in Pulmonary circulation OR Systemic circulation 2. Feedback! Too fast?
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