2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

Transcription

1 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

2 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Essential questions: What are the functions of blood? What are some disorders of the blood? How are blood disorders treated? How do you relate the body s use of nutrients to the blood? What are the functions of the circulatory system? What are some disorders of the circulatory system? How are disorders of the circulatory system treated? How do you relate the body s use of nutrients to the circulatory system? of the circulatory system 2

3 What are the functions of blood? Transportation What does the blood transport? Why is this an important function? of the circulatory system 3

4 What are the functions of blood? Regulation How does the blood regulate heat? How does the blood regulate acid/base balance? of the circulatory system 4

5 What are the functions of blood? Protection What function of the blood serve to protect the body? What is the relevance to health? of the circulatory system 5

6 Functions of the blood components Plasma Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes of the circulatory system 6

7 Plasma Plasma Cellular elements 2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system 7

8 Erythrocytes What are the functions of erythrocytes? hemo= blood globin= protein What is the function of hemoglobin? of the circulatory system 8

9 Erythrocytes Starts here hemolysis What is it? Where does it occur? What is the lifetime of an erythrocyte? What happens to old erythrocytes? of the circulatory system 9

10 Rh factor of the circulatory system 10

11 Leukocytes What is the function of leukocytes? Compare leukocytes to erythrocytes. of the circulatory system 11

12 Leukocytes Agranulocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes of the circulatory system 12

13 Leukocytes Granulocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils of the circulatory system 13

14 Inflammation of the circulatory system 14

15 Inflammation of the circulatory system 15

16 Thrombocytes What is the composition of thrombocytes? What is their function? of the circulatory system 16

17 Thrombocytes of the circulatory system 17

18 Blood types of the circulatory system 18

19 Blood types Compare blood types. (antigen/antibodies) A B AB O Who can receive type O blood? of the circulatory system 19

20 Rh factor of the circulatory system 20

21 Blood Disorders Anemia Review the symptoms of anemia. Discuss why these symptoms occur. of the circulatory system 21

22 Blood disorders of the circulatory system 22

23 Blood disorders of the circulatory system 23

24 Blood disorders Review the symptoms of hemophilia. Discuss why these symptoms occur. of the circulatory system 24

25 Blood disorders Leukemia What is leukemia? Review the symptoms of leukemia. Discuss why these symptoms occur. of the circulatory system 25

26 Blood disorders Multiple myeloma What is multiple myeloma? What are the symptoms? How is it treated? of the circulatory system 26

27 Blood disorders Polycythemia What is polycythemia? What are the symptoms? How is it treated? of the circulatory system 27

28 Blood disorders Septicemia of the circulatory system 28

29 Blood disorders Sickle cell anemia What is sickle cell anemia? What are the symptoms? How is it treated? of the circulatory system 29

30 What are the functions of the heart? of the circulatory system 30

31 Functions of the heart Did you know? At rest, 2 ounces of blood is circulated with each heart beat. of the circulatory system 31

32 Functions of the heart It s a PUMP What do pumps do? How does this relate to heart function? of the circulatory system 32

33 Hear the beat! of the circulatory system 33

34 Blood Pressure FYI Blood pressure is the surge of blood when heart pumps creates pressure against the walls of the arteries SYSTOLIC PRESSURE Measured during the contraction phase DIASTOLIC PRESSURE Measured when the ventricles are relaxed What is the normal range of blood pressure for an adult? of the circulatory system 34

35 Functions of the heart It s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It s electric! Explain the electrical activity of the heart. of the circulatory system 35

36 It s electric! Discuss the function of the heart s conduction system. of the circulatory system 36

37 Electrocardiogram EKG or ECG SYSTOLE = contraction phase DIASTOLE = relaxation phase Baseline of an EKG is a flat line: P = Atrial contraction QRS = Ventricular contraction T = Ventricular relaxation of the circulatory system 37

38 Functions of the heart It s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It s electric! of the circulatory system 38

39 Functions of the heart Transportation What does the heart transport? What is involved in the transportation process? How is this a circulatory system function? of the circulatory system 39

40 Normal Heart rate At rest, your heart rate should average between beats per minute. of the circulatory system 40

41 The transportation process Discuss systemic circulation of the circulatory system 41

42 The transportation process Right side Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary valve Pulmonary artery Left Side Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle Aortic valve Aorta Body Lungs CO2 and O2 exchange (Schematic of systemic circulation) of the circulatory system 42

43 The transportation process Discuss cardiopulmonary circulation Compare Systemic Circulation To Cardiopulmonary Circulation of the circulatory system 43

44 Vessels of the circulatory system ARTERIES What are the functions of arteries? What are the characteristics of arteries? Which direction do arteries flow? of the circulatory system 44

45 Vessels of the circulatory system Describe arterial blood. of the circulatory system 45

46 Vessels of the circulatory system VEINS What is the function of arteries? What are the characteristics of arteries? Which direction do arteries flow? Compare arterial and venous blood. of the circulatory system 46

47 Vessels of the circulatory system of the circulatory system 47

48 Vessels of the circulatory system of the circulatory system 48

49 Vessels of the circulatory system Capillaries What is the function of capillaries? What happens if this action is obstructed? of the circulatory system 49

50 Remember Pulse Sites? Where do they come from? of the circulatory system 50

51 of the circulatory system 51

52 Circulatory disorders Aneurysm- ballooning out of an artery. of the circulatory system 52

53 Circulatory disorders Angina pectoris of the circulatory system 53

54 Circulatory disorders Arrhythmia Is any change from normal heart rate or rhythm BRADYCARDIA Slow heart rate (<60 beats per minute) TACHYCARDIA Rapid heart rate (>100 beats per minute) of the circulatory system 54

55 Circulatory disorders Arteriosclerosis- arterial walls thicken and lose elasticity as aging occurs. of the circulatory system 55

56 Circulatory disorders Atherosclerosis- occurs when fatty substances form along the walls of the arteries. of the circulatory system 56

57 Circulatory disorders Coronary artery disease-narrowing of the arteries that supply oxygen and nutrient-filled blood to the heart muscle. of the circulatory system 57

58 Circulatory disorders Hypertension What is hypertension? What factors influence the development of hypertension? How is it treated? Why is it called the silent killer? of the circulatory system 58

59 Circulatory disorders Heart failure- occurs when the ventricles are unable to contract effectively and blood Pools in the heart. of the circulatory system 59

60 Circulatory disorders Murmurs- indicate a defect in the valves of the heart of the circulatory system 60

61 Circulatory disorders Myocardial infarction- heart attack. Lack of blood supply to the heart muscle. of the circulatory system 61

62 Circulatory disorders Peripheral vascular disease- Caused by blockage of the arteries, especially in the legs. of the circulatory system 62

63 Circulatory disorders Pulmonary edema of the circulatory system 63

64 Circulatory disorders Transient ischemic attack- temporary interruption of the blood flow to the brain. of the circulatory system 64

65 Circulatory disorders Varicose veins- swollen veins. Prevention Elevate legs when resting Wear elastic support stockings Eating fiber diets Exercise Weight control of the circulatory system 65

66 Circulatory disorders Leading Causes of Death: The Impact of Circulatory Disorders of the circulatory system 66

67 Relevance of nutrients to the blood and circulatory system The circulatory system plays a vital role in homeostasis Absorption and transport of nutrients to cells, tissues, organs, and systems of the circulatory system 67