2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

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1 2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system

2 Essential questions What are the structures of blood? What are the structures of the circulatory system? circulatory system 2

3 Structures of the circulatory system Blood Heart Arteries Veins Capillaries circulatory system 3

4 Blood Hemat- = blood -ology = the study of The average adult has 8 10 pints. circulatory system 4

5 Blood One drop of blood contains: 5 million RBCs 250, ,000 platelets 7,500 WBCs Red blood cells live 120 days. Make new blood cells 2 million per second! circulatory system 5

6 Structures of the blood Plasma Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes circulatory system 6

7 Plasma Plasma Cellular elements circulatory system 7

8 Plasma proteins Plasma Cellular elements circulatory system 8

9 Erythrocytes Biconcave disk Hemoglobin Transportation Oxygen Carbon dioxide circulatory system 9

10 Leukocytes Larger than erythrocytes Five types Leuk/o/cytes white cells circulatory system 10

11 Leukocytes Agranulocytes Lymphocytes Monocytes circulatory system 11

12 Leukocytes Granulocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils circulatory system 12

13 Thrombocytes Smallest of solid components of blood Synthesized in red marrow Not cells, composed of fragments of megakaryocytes Necessary for the initiation of the blood clotting process circulatory system 13

14 circulatory system 14

15 Blood types Inherited from parents Determined by presence or absence of an antigen on the surface of the red blood cell circulatory system 15

16 In 1901, the Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner discovered that blood may be grouped into four main types. Based on the reaction that resulted when blood from different individuals were mixed. circulatory system 16

17 Blood types Someone with type A antigen has B antibodies Someone with type B antigen has A antibodies Someone with type AB antigen has no antibodies Someone with type O antigen has A and B antibodies circulatory system 17

18 Rh factor Rhesus (Rh) factor is an inherited trait that refers to a specific protein found on the surface of red blood cells (antigen). Although Rh factor doesn't affect the patient s health, it can affect pregnancy. Blood used in transfusions must match donors for Rh status as well as for ABO blood type. circulatory system 18

19 Rh factor In 1940, the Rh factor was discovered as a result of studying Rhesus monkeys. When blood from monkeys was injected into rabbits and guinea pigs, it clotted. circulatory system 19

20 Rh factor If the blood has the protein, the patient is Rh positive. If the blood lacks the protein, the patient is Rh negative. circulatory system 20

21 Structures of the circulatory system Heart circulatory system 21

22 Heart The heart is a double pump. circulatory system 22

23 Heart Superior vena cava Aortic semilunar valve Right atrium Tricuspid valve Inferior vena cava Right ventricle Septum Aorta Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid (mitral) valve Pulmonary semilunar valve Left ventricle Apex circulatory system 23

24 Layers of the heart Right atrium Left atrium Pericardium Myocardium Right ventricle Endocardium Left ventricle circulatory system 24

25 Conduction system of heart beats Refer to your textbook to identify the structures of the heart s conduction system in the correct sequence for the heart to beat. circulatory system 25

26 Structures of the circulatory system ARTERIES circulatory system 26

27 Vessels of the circulatory system ARTERIES Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries Elastic, muscular and thick-walled Transport blood under very high pressure Arteries > arterioles > capillaries circulatory system 27

28 Vessels of the circulatory system Arterial blood Oxygen rich Bright red, spurts circulatory system 28

29 Structures of the circulatory system VEINS circulatory system 29

30 Vessels of the circulatory system VEINS Carry deoxygenated blood away from capillaries to the heart Veins contain a muscular layer, but less elastic and muscular than arteries Thin walled veins collapse easily when not filled with blood Veins have values that permit flow of blood only in direction of the heart Veins > Venules > Capillaries circulatory system 30

31 Vessels of the circulatory system Venous blood Oxygen poor Dark crimson, oozes circulatory system 31

32 Vessels of the circulatory system circulatory system 32

33 Structures of the circulatory system Capillaries The smallest blood vessels Connect arterioles to venules circulatory system 33

34 Structures of the circulatory system Trace the flow of blood through the body circulatory system 34

35 Flow of blood through the body Right side Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary valve Pulmonary artery Left Side Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle Aortic valve Aorta Body Lungs CO2 and O2 exchange circulatory system 35

36 Pulse sites Alternating expansion and contraction of an artery as blood flows through it. circulatory system 36

37 Common pulse sites circulatory system 37

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