CT Imaging of Blunt and Penetrating Vascular Trauma DENNIS FOLEY MEDICAL COLLEGE WISCONSIN
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1 CT Imaging of Blunt and Penetrating Vascular Trauma DENNIS FOLEY MEDICAL COLLEGE WISCONSIN
2 THORACO ABDOMINAL TRAUMA cc/sec 30 secs 1.25 mm/ 55 mm Z mm/ 55 mm Z 1.375
3 Grade 1 Traumatic Aortic Injury
4 Initial scan Grade 2 Traumatic Aortic Injury 48 hour follow up
5 Differential Diagnosis TAI Grade 2 Ductus diverticulum Patent ductus arteriosus
6 DUCTUS DIVERTICULUM
7
8 Traumatic Aortic Injury Grade 1- small intimal tear or intramural hematoma Grade 2 pseudoaneurysm <50% aortic circumference Grade 3 pseudoaneurysm > 50% aortic circumference Grade 4 aortic transection and active hemorrhage
9 GRADE 2 TRAUMATIC AORTIC INJURY
10 3 MONTH FOLLOW UP
11 Management of TAI Observation ( Grade 1 and 2 ) TEVAR ( Grade 3 ) Surgery ( Grade 4 )
12 Thoracic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair TEVAR
13 GRADE 3 TRAUMATIC AORTIC INJURY
14 GRADE 4 TRAUMATIC AORTIC INJURY
15 Post TEVAR Complications Post TEVAR complications Endoleak Endograft collapse Stent migration Paraplegia Stroke Upper extremity ischemia
16 CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ANEURYSM
17 PSEUDOANEURYSM LCCA
18 TRAUMATIC TEAR INNOMINATE ARTERY
19 TRAUMATIC ANEURYSM DESCENDING AORTA
20 Intramural Hematoma RCA
21 Blunt Abdominal Aortic Injury Minimal ( injury limited to intima ) Significant ( associated hemorrhage / organ ischemia ) Dissection Pseudoaneurysm Branch Avulsion Thrombosis Transection
22 THORACO ABDOMINAL JUNC MINIMAL AORTIC INJURY
23 DISTAL ABDOMINAL AORTIC PS ANEURYSM PERI AORTIC HEMATOMA
24 Active Hepatic Hemorrhage ACTIVE SUBCAPSULAR HEPATIC HEMORHAGE PERI HEPATIC
25 Active Splenic Hemorrhage
26 GRADE 3 RENAL INJURY INTRA RENAL PERI RENAL HEMATOMA LACERATION> 1 CM, NO URINARY EXTRAVASATION
27 PERSISTENT HEMATURIA CLOT RETENTION ARTERIAL PHASE ACQUSITION SEGMENTAL ARTERIAL
28 Aorta Renal CT Angiogram
29 RIGHT RENAL ARTERIOGRAM
30 PDA ANEURYSM Focal saccular aneurysm of an hypertrophied pancreatico duodenal artery is usually related to Takayasu arteritis Segmental arterial mediolysis Median arcuate ligament compression of the Celiac Artery Blunt Abdominal Trauma
31 Median Arcuate Ligament Compression
32 Portal Vein Disruption
33 Abdominal Aortic Injury Risk Factors Blunt Abdominal Aortic Injury (BAAI ) Risk factors ( associated injuries ) Lumbar Spine Midline Intestine Retroperitoneal Organs Adjacent major arteries
34 BIFFL Grading Scheme Grade 1 intimal irregularity with dissection < 25% luminal narrowing Grade 2 Dissecting hematoma > 25% luminal narrowing of visible intramural flap Grade 3 Pseudoaneurysm or small AVF Grade 4 - Complete occlusion Grade 5 Transection ( active extrav ) or significant arteriovenous fistula
35 Cerebro Vascular CTA Injection / Acquisition MDCT CTA Arch, Carotid, Vertebral CCS / SEC 8 SECS FIRST CIRCULATION 64 X 0.625, 0.984:1, 0.5 SECS
36 Intimal Disruption / Dissection ICAs
37 RVA RCA LCA LVA
38 Cerebro Vascular Injury Clinical findings Neurological defecit Cervical hematoma Seat belt injury Fractures Cervical spine Skull base Facial
39 Cerebro Vascular Injury Mechanism Compression Inferior neck Inertial tear ( hyper extension ) High Cervical Transection Basal skull fracture
40 Vertebral Artery Aneurysm
41 Vertebral Artery Aneurysm Coil Embolisation
42 Lower Extremity Arterial Trauma CTA is an accurate modality for evaluating arterial lesions in patients with extremity trauma and can replace DSA. Jens S et al European Journal of Vascular / Endovascular Surgery 2013 Sept; 46 (3):
43 Lower Extremity CTA Injection / Acquisition 12 SECS ML/SEC 18 SECS FIRST CIRCULATION ACQUISITION INTERVAL ~TABLE SPEED BEAM WIDTH, PITCH, ROT SPEED
44 Aorto Popliteal Transit Time RT POP AT=30 S FLOW VEL 70 CM AORTA AT=19 S 6.36 CM/S LT POP AT=28 S 7.77 CM/S
45 Traumatic Arterial Occlusion
46 Traumatic Arterial Aneurysm
47 Traumatic Aneurysm Subclavian Artery
48 Laceration Subclavian Artery
49 CT Angiography: Trauma Detection of Vascular injuries is vital Appropriate Injection/ Acquisition is critical Routine Arterial Phase imaging Thorax Suspect Carotid/ Cerebral or Extremity Arterial Injury
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