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1 EFFECT OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON GROWTH OF SPINACH (AMARANTHUS SPP.) AND CHILI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM) ON VEGETATIVE PHASE Msluki 1, Mutminnh 2, Muhmm Nim 3, Nining Trini Thmrin 4 Agrotehnology Deprtment, Agriulture Fulty of Cokrominoto Plopo University (lukims886@gmil.om) 1, (mutminnh08@ymil.om) 2 Astrt Plnt Growth Promoting Rhizoteri (PGPR) n liqui orgni fertilizer is one of lterntive replement for syntheti fertilizer in improving plnt growth. This reserh were ime to etermine the influene of PGPR n liqui orgni fertilizer on growth of spinh n hili on vegettive phse. The reserh were one in Mros Sulwesi Seltn. Dt of numer of lef, lef re n plnt height were ollete. Dt were nlyze y using nlysis of vrine oring to Rnomize Blok Design when three ws ifferene mong the tretment, it ws ontinue with Lest Signifint Differene (p 0.05) (BNT) signifition level. This reserh with 4 tretments, P1= PGPR 500/10 liters n liqui orgni fertilizer 500 /10 liters, P2= PGPR 500/10 liters, P3= liqui orgni fertilizer 500 /10 liters n P4= without tretment. Oservtion t 7 HST, 14 HST n 21 HST. The result showe P1 (PGPR 500/10 liters n liqui orgni fertilizer 500 /10 liters) ws the tretment to plnt height, numer of lef n lef re on spinh. On hili P2 (PGPR 500/10 liters ) ws the est tretment. Keywors: PGPR, liqui orgni fertilizer, Amrnthus spp., Cpsium nnuum Bkgroun Bkgroun griulturl setor is extrtion of iologil resoures who performe y humn eings to proue foostuffs, rw mterils inustry, or soure of energy, n to mnge the environment his life.extrtion of iologil resoures inlue in griulturl orinry unerstoo s the ultivtion of plnts or frming, lthough their sope n lso of the use of PGPR ( plnt growth promoting rhizoteri n po ( orgni liquis fertilizers) in ultivtion prouts hortiulture hili n spinh so s to proue prouts efenseless the results of high, helthy n environmentlly frienly. PGPR (Plnt Growth Promoting Rhizoteri) is teri tht live n evelope in the re roun rooting plnts.rhizokteri n serve s pemker of the growth of plnts n s gens ntgonisti to pthogeni in rooting plnts hili n spinh.avntge of the use of rhizokteri n fertilizer liqui orgni tht is they i not hve nger or sie effets so nger environmentl pollution n e voie.severl speies rhizokteri who re le to rise the growth of plnts mong others genus-genus rhizoium, zototer, zospirilium, illus, rthroter, terium, myoterium, n pseuomons (Bisws et l., 2000). The results of reserh onute y Munuksel in 2004 n Thkuri in 2004 reporte tht some groups rhizokteri is s gens iologil hve the ility spur the growth of plnts.this rhizokteri ome from the Billus spp., Pseuomons fluoresens n Serrti spp. Whih hs reporte ple of prouing hormone growing suh s n i inol eti (IAA).The result of this reserh in line with reserh onute y tufik et l.( 2005 n the yer 2010 tht pplition pgpr le to inrese the growth of plnts hili n spinh. Inoultion gens iologil Billus formis through tretment on sees efore plnting n inrese the growth of plnts. Hene reserh ojetives is test the role of PGPR n fertilizer liqui orgni to inrese the growth of plnts hili n spinh. This pper hs een presente t Shi Jy Hotel Mkssr- Interntionl Conferene on Nturl n Soil Sienes Plopo Cokrominoto University, Mkssr, Mrh 12-13, B28-215

2 Metho Reserh Design This reserh using Rnomize Blok esign with 4 tretment n 3 replitions. P1 = PGPR 500 / 10L n POC 500 / 10L P2 = PGPR500 / 10L P3 = POC 500 / 10L P4 = without tretment The Reserh Phse. Mking Plnt Growth Promoting Rhizoteri (PGPR) 250 grm roots moo steepe in wter tht hs een ooke in the ol stte for 3 night, strin n gr the wter s soure og PGPR. Mix together 1 kg rn, 20 grm tersi, 1 grm of wter whiting n 400 grm sugr. Strin n interfering with 1 liters of PGPR in uket n the meeting. Let sit 1-2 weeks n solution rey.. Mking Liqui Orgni Fertilizer Green leves, the skin oo, the top sqush, eggshell, wter rie, oonut wter, sugr n EM-4 mixe n put into uket who hs fille with wter. Stir in every y n let sit for 2 weeks until proue of smellfermenttion.. Plnting hili n spinh Unultivte ln n me with gp etween took them 25 m with into 5-7 m to plnt the plnt spinh while for hili plnts me holes ropping 5 entimeters n gp etween ropping 80 m. Aove took them n the hole ropping sprinkle ompost.then sown the see of row took them in the hili while sees we grow in holes whih it hs lrey een prepre n next lose k with ompost.. Applition of PGPR n POC PGPR pplie for 2 times of 10 DAP n 20 DAP while the POC is pplie one every 7 ys. e. Prmeter oservtions Oservtions plnt height, lef with, n numer of leves is one for 3 times, nmely 7 DAP, 14 DAP, n 21 DAP. Results n Disussion. Plnt Height, Lef Are n Numer of Leves of Chili (Cpsium nnum) Plnt height prmeters inite n inrese in ily oservtions with ifferent tretments. Tretment P2 (PGPR) showe higher yiel thn the other tretments with n verge height of m wheres the plnt rehes P1, P3 n P0 show suessive plnt height m, m n 10.9 m. Lef re showe n inrese in ily oservtions with ifferent tretments. Tretment P2 (PGPR) showe higher yiel thn the other tretments with n verge lef re rehe 3.47 m while the P0, P3 n P1 showe plnt height respetively of 1.81 m, 2.67 m n 3.39 m. This is in orne with Setii (1989) tht require the ssoition synergisti etween teri with plnts to rete n environment for the survivl of the teri phosphte solvent, so tht the performne of the teri s peromk n solvent orgni mtter oun, it woul e optiml prtiulrly in synthesizing n relesing reover mterils into orgni mterils tht re ville n n e use y plnts to inrese growth y wy of sving issolving phosphte soure tht n not e tken up y the root surfe to limit the iffusion, miroil synergisti intertion shoul improve the vilility of P in plnts (Breet l.2005). Aoring Thkuri et l. (2004), the This pper hs een presente t Shi Jy Hotel Mkssr- Interntionl Conferene on Nturl n Soil Sienes Plopo Cokrominoto University, Mkssr, Mrh 12-13, B28-216

3 ility rizokteri in issolving the phosphte tht is roun rooting n help inrese the supply of phosphte to e use for plnt growth. Bteri isolte phosphte solvent n inrese rie proution from 5.4 to 21.6%. In ition n improve the vilility of phosphte, some teri n lso inrese the vilility of some of the elements nitrogen n nutrients plnt, n n stimulte the plnt to form lterl roots. Lterl roots is espeilly useful to expn the re of nutrient uptke y plnts, so tht nutritionl nees re met more quikly n improve plnt growth (Vsuevn et l.2002) P1 P2 P3 P0 P1 P2 P3 P0 P1 P2 P3 P0 7 HST 3 14 HST 21 HST Plnt Height Lef Are Numer of Leves Figure 1. Effet of PGPR n liqui orgni fertilizer on plnt height, lef re n numer of leves of hili. Mens of eh prmeter in the sme time followe y sme letter re not signifintly ifferent oring to lest signifint ifferene (p 0.05). While the prmeters of n inrese in the numer of leves eh y of oservtion with ifferent tretment. Tretment of P1 (PGPR + POC) n P2 (PGPR) showe higher yiel thn the other tretments with n verge lef re rehe 6 strns while P0 n P3 inite the height of the plnts in row 5 strns n 4 strns (figure 1). The ition of plnt height n numer of leves, hili is suspete estimte tht the liqui orgni fertilizer n use or terpuny n enourge stem ell t the en to hol ivision n ell enlrgement, espeilly in res meristemtis. This is in orne with the opinion of Bonner & Glston1951) who si tht the ivision is ntilinl n periklinl n mgnifition meristemtis ells t the stem en, lthough the rte of spee is not the sme. Liqui orgni fertilizer tht ontins elements of N, P, K, Mg n C) will use the m terpuny synthesis ivision is ntilinl ell wll so tht it will elerte the retion of plnt height..plnt Height, Lef Are n Numer of Leves of Spinh (Amrnthus spp.) While the prmeters of n inrese in the numer of leves eh y of oservtion with ifferent tretment. Tretment of P1 (PGPR + POC) n P2 (PGPR) showe higher yiel thn the other tretments with n verge lef re rehe 6 strns while P0 n P3 inite the height of the plnts in row 5 strns n 4 strns This pper hs een presente t Shi Jy Hotel Mkssr- Interntionl Conferene on Nturl n Soil Sienes Plopo Cokrominoto University, Mkssr, Mrh 12-13, B28-217

4 (figure 1). The ition of plnt height n numer of leves, hili is suspete estimte tht the liqui orgni fertilizer n use or terpuny n enourge stem ell t the en to hol ivision n ell enlrgement, espeilly in res meristemtis. This is in orne with the opinion of Bonner & Glston1951) who si tht the ivision is ntilinl n periklinl n mgnifition meristemtis ells t the stem en, lthough the rte of spee is not the sme. Liqui orgni fertilizer tht ontins elements of N, P, K, Mg n C) will use the m terpuny synthesis ivision is ntilinl ell wll so tht it will elerte the retion of plnt height HST 14 HST 21 HST P1 P2 P3 P0 P1 P2 P3 P0 P1 P2 P3 P0 Plnt Height Lef Are Numer of Leves Figure 2. Effet of PGPR n liqui orgni fertilizer on plnt height, lef re n numer of leves of spinh. Mens of eh prmeter in the sme time followe y sme letter re not signifintly ifferent oring to lest signifint ifferene (p 0.05). PGPR isoltes s plnt growth promoter is losely relte to the hormones proue y rizokteri.hormon growth-hormones suh s uxin, IAA, gierellins, ytokinins n ethylene. In ition to these hormones, my lso e ssoite with severl importnt hrters generte y rizokteri in inresing the growth, suh s the ility to fix N, issolving phosphte, s well s the ility to egre n use lrge numer of orgni ompouns n inorgni tht will intert with the plnt n ssoitions in the rhizosphere. Aoring to Wtne et l. (1987), Pseuomons fluoresens s prouer group fitohormon in lrge numers, espeilly in stimulting the growth of IAA ws very influentil in the formtion of the hrteristis of the root zone of plnts. Tjonronegoro et l. (1989) lso e tht the IAA is the growth hormone group uxin useful to stimulte plnt growth, whih serves to enhne the growth of stem ells, inhiits the proess of efolition, stimulte fruit formtion, stimulte the growth of mium, n inhiits the growth of xillry us. This is presumly euse liqui orgni fertilizer tht is pplie to ontin mro n miro nutrients. Nutrients N funtion in elerting the growth of plnts in this se ing plnt height, numer of tillers, inresing the size of leves n lrge grin n improve the qulity of rops n grin, inrese the protein ontent of rie, inresing the numer of grins n the perentge of fille grin to provie foo for the This pper hs een presente t Shi Jy Hotel Mkssr- Interntionl Conferene on Nturl n Soil Sienes Plopo Cokrominoto University, Mkssr, Mrh 12-13, B28-218

5 miroes (miroorgnisms tht work estroys the orgni mterils in the soil) (Doermnn n Firhust, 2000). P element plys role in inresing the numer of tillers of py, root evelopment erly flowering n ripening (espeilly where low tempertures). Potssium inrese the numer of grins per pnile, perentge of fille grin, n 1000 grin weight. K inreses the tolerne of rie plnts ginst verse limti onitions n pests n iseses (Doermnn n Firhust, 2000). Conlusion. P2 (PGPR500 / 10L ) is the est tretment for Plnt Height, Lef Are n Numer of Leves of Chili (Cpsium nnum). P1 ((PGPR500 / 10L + Orgni liqu fertilizer 500/L) is the est tretment for Plnt Height, Lef Are n Numer of Leves of Spinh (Amrnthus spp.) Referenes Bre, J.M., Pozo, M.J., Azon, R. & Azon-Aguilr, C. (2005) Miroil o-opertion in the rhizosphere. J ExpBot 56: Bisws, J.C., Lh, J.K., Dzzo, F.B., Ynni, Y.G. & Rolfe, B.G. (2000). Rhizoilinoultion influenes seelingvigorn yiel of rie. Agron J. 92: Bonner, J. & Glston, W. (1951) Priniple of Plnt Physiologi. Wh Freemn An Compny, Sn Frniso Munuksel, L. (2004) Moleulr AnPhysiologil Chrteriztion OfRhizosphere Bteri An FrnkiIn Forest Soils Devoi of Atinorhizl Plnts. Disserttiones Bioentri Wikki Universittis Helsingiensis. mnuksel/ moleul.pf. Aesse on Mrh, 10th 2017 Setii, Y. (1989) Pemnftn Mikroorgnisme lm Kehutnn. Institut Pertnin Bogor, Bogor. Tufik, M., Hiyt, S.H., Sustik, G., Sumrw, S.M. & Sujiprihti, S. (2005) Kjin Plnt Growth Promoting Rhizioteri segi gens proteksi Cuumer mosi virus n Chilliveinl mottle virus p i. Hyti 12 (4): Tufik, M., Rhmn, A. & Hiyt, S.H. (2010) Meknisme kethnn terinuksi oleh PGPR (Plnt Growth Promoting Rhizioteri) p tnmn i terinfeksi CMV. J.Hortikultur 20(3): Thkuri D. N, Tlukr, C., Goswmi, C., Hzrik, S., Boro, R.C. & Khn, M. R. (2004) Chrteriztion n sreening of teri from rhizosphere of rie grown in ii soils of Assm. Current Si 86: Vsuevn, P.K., Priyrisini, S., Bujee, V.B. & Gnnmnikm, S.S. (2002) Biologil ontrol of rie iseses. Mrel Dekker In. New York. Wtne, I., So, R., Lh, J.K., Ktym-Fujimur, Y. & Kurishi, H. (1987). A new Nitrogen-fixing speies of Pseuomons:Pseuomons izotrophihus,nov.isolte from rie.cn J Miroiol 33: This pper hs een presente t Shi Jy Hotel Mkssr- Interntionl Conferene on Nturl n Soil Sienes Plopo Cokrominoto University, Mkssr, Mrh 12-13, B28-219