Cannabis trends in France TDI data

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1 Cannabis trends in France TDI data Tanja Bastianić High risk drug use and drug treatment in Europe 2014 Lisbon, September 2014

2 Cannabis in general population in France 2 2

3 Cannabis in France Cannabis is by far the most widely used illicit substance in France (~ 3.8 million people consumed cannabis in the last year). In 2010, among adults aged 18 to 64 years, around 33% admitted having used cannabis during their lifetime, and 4% in the past 30 days. France is one of the countries with highest cannabis prevalence especially among teenagers. Cannabis use amongadolescents 2010/2011 (%) years old Lifetime 17 Past 30 days Source: HBSC 2010, ESPAD 2011, ESCAPAD 2011, OFDT 3 3

4 Cannabis use among young adults (15-30 years old) Cannabis use mainly concern the youngest age group and this is especially true with current cannabis use: The proportion of cannabis users during the last 30 days is less than 2% in age group versus 10% among years old. The proportions reach nearly zero among 50 years old or older Lifetime use in the past Source: Health Barometer survey 2010, yearinpes 10.7 use in the past month years years regular use daily use 4 4

5 Problem cannabis use Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) CAST a tool to identify problem cannabis use. Cannabis use is decreasing with age while addiction risk (low or high) remains stable (about 20%) until the age of 54. Men more likely to have problem cannabis use than women. Among users in the last year (%) Among total (%) Low addiction risk High addiction risk Low addiction risk High addiction risk Total years 21,1 20,2 1,8 1, years 18,1 14,6 3,4 2, years 20,8 22,8 4,6 5, years 24,0 23,2 3,3 3, years 19,0 20,9 1,0 1, years 25,2 16,4 0,6 0, years 14,9 4,7 0,1 0,0 Men 23,8 22,7 2,8 2,7 Women 14,9 14,7 0,8 0,8 Source: Health Barometer survey 2010, INPES 5 5

6 Trends in cannabis use Among young adults (15-30 years old), trends appear relatively stable. Among 17 years old, a long trend from 2000 to 2011 can be observed. There has been a significant decrease since Lifetime use since 2000 (%) Boys (17 year olds) Girls (17 year olds) Source : ESCAPAD 2000/2002/2003/2005/2008/2011, OFDT 6 6

7 What about cannabis users treated in specialized treatment centres in France? 7 7

8 TDI in France Since questions: TDI questions + 4 other drugs + hospitalisation + imprisonment + suicide attempt + others Collecting data also on alcohol as a primary drug Collecting data on new clients but also on continuous treatments More than 200 specialized treatment centres collecting TDI data (coverage rate about 75%) In 2012: clients in treatment centres and among them with cannabis problem 8 8

9 Total number of cannabis users in specialised treatment centres Nb of treatment centres % cannabis among all 24,000 22, , , ,000 14,000 12,000 10, Nb of cannabis users 12,264 16,458 17,320 19,371 21,072 18,951 21,017 22,963 Source: RECAP , OFDT 9 9

10 Three groups of clients in treatment centres: based on primary drug and OST Cannabis Users with cannabis problem (primary drug) Not under OST Mean age 26 years Illicit drugs other than cannabis Mostly problem with opioids and/or cocaine Under OST Often poly-drug users Mean age 36 years Alcohol Received in alcohol treatment centres Mean age 42 years 10 10

11 Mean age Not increasing since 2010 for cannabis users Cannabis Illicit drugs other than cannabis Alcohol Source: RECAP , OFDT 11 11

12 Sociodemographic profile (1) Cannabis Living with the family (49%) Without children (81%) Stable accommodation (85%) Students (23%) Never previously treated (77%) Illicit drugs other than cannabis Living alone (36%) With children (44%) Less often in stable accommodation (74%) Receiving social benefits (44% vs 23% in cannabis group) Previously treated (68%) Alcohol Living alone (37%) With children (56%) Stable accommodation (88%) Regularly employed (42%) Previously treated (68%) 12 12

13 Sociodemographic profile (2) Stability... especially since Men Stable independent accomodation Without children Living with parents Employement income Secondary level of education Source: RECAP , OFDT 13 13

14 Source of referral Court/Probation/Police decreasing Self referred increasing Self refered 40.0 Family / Friends Other drug treatment General Practicioner Hospital / Other medical source Social services Court / Probation / Police Other Source: RECAP , OFDT 14 14

15 Frequency of use Women are more often regular consumers Men Women Total Source: RECAP 2012, OFDT daily 2-3 days per week once a week or less once a month or less / occasional 15 15

16 Second product consumed Other Substances 2% Opioids 4% Hallucinogens 1% Stimulants 2% Hypnotics and Sedatives 1% Cocaine 7% Tobacco 47% Hypnotics and Sedatives Other 4% Substances 9% Hallucinogen s 3% Cannabis 23% Stimulants 2% Alcohol 36% Cannabis as 1st product Tobacco 11% Cocaine 14% Alcohol 16% Opioids 18% Illicit drugs other than cannabis Source: RECAP 2012, OFDT 16 16

17 Hospitalisation, suicide attempt and imprisonment rate increasing! HIV hospitalization suicide attempt imprisonment Illicit drugs other than cannabis Cannabis Alcohol Source: RECAP , OFDT 17 17

18 Cannabis use : a long-standing issue in France It seems that France has a stable or falling trend in cannabis use in general population in the last years, having observed an important increase at the beginning of the years Cannabis users treated in specialised treatment centres are young (26 years) with relatively stable living conditions, mostly (85%) not consuming other illicit drugs. TDI data confirm that the sociodemographic profile of cannabis users remains stable, especially since

19 Merci! 19

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