Optimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from Helichrysum plicatum DC and formulation of phytopoduct with biological activity

Transcription

1 ptimization of the extraction of bioactive compounds from Helichrysum plicatum DC and formulation of phytopoduct with biological activity Gordana Zdunić & Katarina Šavikin Institute for Medicinal Plants Research Dr Josif Pančić, Belgrade, Serbia

2 Greek: helios sun chrysos - gold The genus Helichrysum (Asteraceae) comprises approximately species. Helichrysum spp. have been used in folk medicine for at least 2,000 years in Europe and Africa in the treatment of various medical conditions as: - choleretics, - cholagogues, - hepatoprotectives, - for stimulation of the secretion of gastric juice Some members of the genus are known for their anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and antibacterial properties

3 Flora Europaea: Section Virginea (DC) 1. H. amorginum Boiss. & rph n Boiss 2. H. sibthorpii 3. H. doerfleri Rech. fil 4. H. frigidum (Labill.) Wild. Section Helichrysum 5. H. stoechas 6. H. rupestre (Rafin.) DC. 7. H. heldreichii Boiss. 8. H. ambiguum (Pers) 9. H. saxatile 10. H. italicum (Roth) 11. H. orientale (L.) 12. H. plicatum DC., Prodr. 13. H. arenarium (L.) Moench. 14. H. graveolens (Bieb.) Section Xerochlaena (DC) 15. H. foetidum (L.) 16. H. bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews Flora Serbica - Section Helichrysum 1. H. arenarium (L.) Moench ssp. arenarium 2. H. plicatum DC. ssp. plicatum..

4 Perennial herbaceous plant of height cm that flowers in June-August. Broadly distributed in Europe, western Siberia, and central Asia. It grows in sandy soils, more rarely in open rocky places, and is found in dry pine forests. CMPUNDS Flavonoids: in particular isosalipurposide (intensive yellow chalcone glycoside), naringenin-5-glucosylgiucoside, helichrysin A and B (C-2-enantiomeric narigenin-5--glucosides, B-salipurposide) Phthalides: including 5-methoxy-7-hydroxyphthaIides and their monoglucoside H. arenarium (L.) Moench Alpha-pyrone derivatives: arenole, homoarenole Sesquiterpene bitter principles Volatile oil (traces) Caffeic acid derivatives

5 Activity The drug has antibacterial principles, and is mildly choleretic and mildly spasmolytic. Indications and usage Approved by Commission E: Dyspeptic complaints Unproven Uses: The drug is used as an adjunct in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder complaints with accompanying cramps. In folk medicine, it is used as a diuretic and for jaundice, gout, rheumatism, kidney complaints and dropsy.

6 European herb native to the Mediterranean countries. It grows on dry, rocky or sandy ground. H. italicum (Roth) G. Don fil. Mostly used for isolation of essential oil (treatment of burns and wounds, healing of scars both fresh and old, anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic). Monoterpenes: α-pinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, g-curcumene, Sesquiterpene: β -carophyllene Alcohols: linalol, geraniol, nerol, furfurol Esters: neryl acetate, geranyl acetate Aldehydes: isovaleric Ketones: diones, italidone, other b-diketones Phenol: eugenol Chemical Features to look for: Diketone content: italidione Ester content: specifically neryl acetate Sesquiterpenes content: b-carophyllene and γ-curcumene

7 H. plicatum: In Turkish folk medicine - diuretic, - lithagogue, - for stomach ache In Serbian and Macedonian folk medicine - gastric disorders - hepatic disorders antidiabetic antioxidant antibacterial diuretic spasmolytic activities H. plicatum DC

8 H H H apigenin quercetin kaempferol These activities are mainly attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoid aglycons and glycosides) H H luteolin naringenin

9 H. plicatum extracts have been produced using different extraction conditions, such as degree of communution, ethanol (Et) concentration used for extraction (40, 50 and 60%, v/v) and solvent system used for re-extraction EtAc-Et (5:5, 9:1 and 100:0) Extraction conditions, content of total phenolics and yield of different extracts of H. plicatum. Sample Degree of communution (μm) Extraction solvent (% Et) Re-extraction solvent (EtAc : Et) Total phenolics (mggae/g) Extraction yield (%) : ± in toto 40 9: ± : ± in toto 60 5: ± : ± in toto 50 5: ± : ± : ± : ± : ± : ± : ± : ±

10 Content of flavone aglycones (mg/g DW) in selected extracts of H. plicatum Sample Naringenin Apigenin Kaempferol mau , chlorogenic acid; 2, naringenin glycoside; 3, naringenin glycoside; 4, quercetin-3--glucoside; 5, kaempferol-3--glucoside; 6, apigenin-7--glucoside; 7, apigenin glycoside; 8, chalcone derivative; 9, naringenin; 10, apigenin; 11, kaempferol.

11 The free radical scavenging activity of selected samples on the stable 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. DPPH radical scavenging activity of different H. plicatum flower extracts (samples 1-13), with Trolox as a positive control (sample 14) The highest radical scavenging activity was observed in sample 12 with an IC 50 value of 37.2 μg/ml, while the lowest activity was shown by sample 8 with an IC 50 value of 88.6 μg/ml.

12 Based on the total phenolic content and antiradical activity, samples 6, 11 and 12 were selected for investigation of cytotoxic activity on three human cancer cell lines (PC3, HeLa and K562). In vitro cytotoxic activity (IC 50 ) of selected H. plicatum extracts (μg/ml) and flavone aglycones (μm) Sample HeLa PC3 K ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 1.5 Apigenin 6.6 ± ± ± 3.4 Naringenin 23.0 ± ± ± 1.5 Kaempferol 9.0 ± ± ± 0.9 Cisplatin* 2.1 ± ± ± 0.2 In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study demonstrate potent antiradical and cytotoxic properties of several H. plicatum flower extracts, thus indicated that this plant species could serve as a good source of antioxidants with potential beneficial effects on human health.

13 Relaxant Effect of the Ethanol Extract of Helichrysum plicatum on Isolated Rat Ileum Contractions The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible spasmolytic activity of the ethanol extract of H. plicatum on rat ileum, since there is no data of the physiological effects of the extract on isolated rat intestine. H. plicatum extract (HPE) in cumulative concentrations ( mg/ml) induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of the spontaneous contractions of the rat ileum Inhibitory effect of HPE and papaverine on spontaneous and high K+-induced contractions in isolated rat ileum.

14 Comparison of dose-response curves of acetylcholine in absence and presence of the HPE and atropine in isolated rat ileum Comparison of dose-response curves of histamine in absence and presence of HPE in isolated rat ileum Comparison of dose-response curves of barium ions in absence and presence of HPE in isolated rat ileum

15 The results obtained from the present study indicate that the ethanol extract of H. plicatum flowers showed a relaxant effect on isolated rat intestine. The extract of H. plicatum can inhibit spontaneous ileum contractions and contractions induced by acetylcholine, histamine, barium and potassium ions. The therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and use in traditional medicine of this plant could be due to its spasmolytic effect. Extractum H.plicatum siccum 25 % Capsulac % Amylum Maydis 14.5 % Magnesium stearas 0.50 %

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