Production Performance of Broilers Fed with Aloe vera and Curcuma longa (Turmeric)

Transcription

1 Interntionl Journl of Poultry Science 7 (9): 82-8, 2008 ISSN Asin Network for Scientific Informtion, 2008 Production Performnce of Broilers Fed with Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) C. Mehl nd M. Moorthy Deprtment of Poultry Science, Veterinry College nd Reserch Institute, Nmkkl-37002, Tmil Ndu, Indi Abstrct: An experiment ws conducted to study the inclusion of Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions on production performnce, viz., weight gin, feed intke nd feed conversion rtio, crcss chrcteristics nd biochemicl prmeters for period of six weeks with two hundred nd eighty commercil, stright run dy-old Vencobb broiler chicks. These chicks were rndomly grouped into seven tretments with four replictes of ten chicks ech. The tretment groups consisted of control (T ), 0. percent Aloe ver powder (T ), 0. 2 percent Aloe ver powder (T ), 0. percent Curcum long powder (T ), percent Curcum long powder (T ) nd 0. percent of Aloe ver nd 0. percent of Curcum long powder (T ) nd 0.2 percent of Aloe ver nd 0.2 percent of Curcum long powder (T ) included in the broiler diet. 7 The results reveled tht there ws no significnt difference in body weight nd body weight gin between tretment groups from first week to end of the experiment period except t first week (P < 0.0). Similrly, no significnt difference ws recorded in feed consumption nd crcss yields, but in feed conversion rtio significnt (P < 0.0) difference ws recorded t first week of ge. Livility ws 00 percent in T nd T 2 3 tretment groups. The men return over feed cost differs significntly (P < 0.0) between tretment groups up to six weeks of ge, which ws minly due to difference in feed cost of Aloe ver nd Curcum long inclusion in broiler diet. Key words: Broiler, production performnce, loe ver, turmeric, feed cost Introduction Poultry sector in Indi hs developed unprecedented growth during lst three decdes nd now trnsformed itself into the sttus of n industry. Tody, Indi rnks third lrgest producer in eggs (Wtt Executive Guide, 2007) nd fifth lrgest producer in broiler chicken (Wtt Executive Guide, 200) in the world. The poultry production s prcticed tody is specilized one nd concentrting more on the use of high performnce birds. The mjor fctors for successful poultry production re high genetic potentil, blnced nutrition nd helth mintennce. On the other hnd, there is mjor demnd to produce high qulity poultry met nd egg t low price without rely on ntibiotics nd other medicines in poultry feed nd wter. Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) re the two herbs re used for vrious functions like ntiteril, ntiseptic, nti-inflmmtory, nemtocidl nd immunomodultory properties. Besides, usge of these herbs for medicinl preprtions, it cn lso be included in the poultry diet s feed dditive to utilize their benefits to the mximum extent. Hence, this reserch work ws designed in broilers by including different levels of Aloe ver, Curcum long nd their combintions to study the production performnce of broilers. Mterils nd Methods Experimentl design: Two hundred nd eighty commercil, stright run dy-old Vencobb broiler chicks belonging to single htch were purchsed from locl htchery, wing bnded, weighed nd rndomly llotted into seven tretment groups with four replictes of ten chicks ech. The chicks were rered in broiler cges in gle roofed, open sided house. All the chicks were provided with uniform floor, feeder nd wterer spce nd were rered under stndrd mngement conditions throughout the experimentl period of six weeks. Experimentl diet: The experimentl diet ws formulted ccording to the stndrds prescribed in Bureu of Indin Stndrds (B.I.S., 992). Aloe ver nd Curcum long powder ws included in the bsl diet nd the following experimentl groups were formed. Tretments T T2 T3 T4 T T T 7 Experimentl diets Control 0. percent Aloe ver powder 0.2 percent Aloe ver powder 0. percent Curcum long powder 0.2 percent Curcum long powder 0. percent of Aloe ver nd 0. per cent of Curcum long powder 0.2 percent of Aloe ver nd 0.2 per cent of Curcum long powder The broiler strter nd finisher diets were fed d libitum to the birds from -28 nd dys of ge, respectively. 82

2 Mehl et l.: Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) The diets were subjected to proximte nlysis s per AOAC (99). The ingredients nd nutrient composition of the experimentl broiler strter nd finisher diet re presented in Tle. Collection of dt: Dt on body weight, feed consumption were recorded t weekly intervls nd mortlity ws recorded t occurrence. From the ove dt, body weight gin, feed efficiency nd livility were clculted. Return over feed cost: Return over feed cost of broilers rered under different inclusion levels of Aloe ver nd Curcum long powder ws worked out by using the previling mrket rtes. Sttisticl nlysis: The dt collected on vrious prmeters were subjected to sttisticl nlysis using Completely Rndomized Design (CRD) s per the methods suggested by Snedecor nd Cochrn (989). Angulr trnsformtion ws pplied to percentges wherever needed. Results nd Discussion Production performnce, Body weight nd body weight gin: Sttisticl nlysis of dt on body weight nd body weight gin reveled no significnt difference mong the tretment groups due to dietry inclusion of Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions. However, numericlly higher body weight ws observed in tretment groups (T 3, T 4, T nd T 7) t sixth week of ge compred to control (Kumri et l., 994; Chngkng et l., 2007). It ws consistent with Sinurt et l. (2002) who reported tht broiler chickens fed with fresh Aloe ver gel (0.2 g/kg) nd dry Aloe ver gel (0.2 nd.0 g/kg) hd no significnt effect on body weight nd Nmgirilkshmi (200) lso stted tht broiler chickens fed with turmeric t 0.2, 0.0, 0.7 nd.00 percent levels did not significntly ffect the body weight. On the contrry, Kumr et l. (200) observed significnt (P < 0.0) increse in weight gin in broiler chickens fed with turmeric ( g/kg of diet) over those of the control group. Similrly, Jgdeeswrn (2007) observed tht the broilers fed one percent Aloe ver showed significnt (P < 0.0) difference in body weight gin t weeks of ge. Feed consumption: The nlysis of dt on men cumultive feed consumption reveled no significnt difference between tretment groups due to dietry inclusion of Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions. This might be due to the consumption of isocloric nd isonitrogenous feed in ll the tretment groups throughout the experimentl period. T 3 nd T4 consumed numericlly more feed thn control group Tle : Ingredients nd nutrient composition (%DM) of broiler strter nd finisher rtion Ingredients Broiler strter Broiler finisher Mize Soy Clcite DCP.. Crude rice brn oil Totl Supplements Vitmins AB2D3K B-Complex Trce minerls Lysine Methionine DOT Slt Endox Toxin binder Totl Nutrients Crude protein M.E (kcl/kg)* Crude fibre Ether extrct Totl sh.8.7 Nitrogen free extrct* Clcium.0.0 Totl Phosphorus Lysine*.9.44 Methionine* *Clculted vlues: One grm of vitmin AB2D3K supplement contined 8200 IU of vitmin-a, 0 mg of vitmin-b 2, IU of vitmin-d3 nd 0 mg of vitmin-k. One grm of B- complex supplement contined 80 mg of vitmin-b, mg of vitmin-b, 80 mcg of vitmin-b 2, 80 mg of vitmin-e, 20 mg of nicin, 8 mg of folic cid, 80 mg of clcium pntothente 3 nd 8 mg of clcium. One grm of trce minerls contined 4 mg of mngnese, 2 mg of zinc, 20 mg of iron, 2 mg of 4 iodine nd mg of coblt. One grm of DOT contined Dinitro-ortho-tolumide 2 mg w/w. Ethoxyquin, BHT nd chelting gents. Hydrted sodium lumino silicte (HSCAS), orgnic cids, vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer, mnnnoligoscchride (MOS) ctivted chrcol nd lipotropic fctors. nd mong tretment groups T7 consumed lower mount of feed (Sinurt et l., 2002; Al-Sultn, 2003). Feed conversion rtio (FCR): The nlysis of dt on men feed conversion rtio reveled no significnt difference between tretment groups up to sixth week of ge except t first week. The men cumultive feed conversion rtio in T ws significntly (P < 0.0) poorer compred to control group t first week of ge. This trend ws continued till end of the experimentl period. It indictes tht the inclusion of Curcum long t 0.2 percent level is not beneficil but t 0. percent level feed conversion rtio ws numericlly better thn the control. 83

3 Mehl et l.: Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) Tle 2: Men (±S.E.) body weight (g/bird) of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments Htch weight I Week II Week III Week T Control 4.47±0.4.4 ± ± ±0.73 b T 2 0.% Aloe ver 4.34± ± ± ±8.92 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 4.2± ± ± ±4.2 T 4 0.% Curcum long 47.± ± ± ±4.34 T 0.2% Curcum long 47.0±0.9 b 7.28 ± ± ±0.9 T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long 4.2± ± ± ±0.9 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long 47.0± ± ± ±9.9 Tle 2: Continue Tretments Htch weight IV Week V Week VI Week T Control 4.47± ± ± ±28.38 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 4.34± ± ± ±40. T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 4.2± ± ± ±37.34 T 4 0.% Curcum long 47.± ± ± ±42.8 T 0.2% Curcum long 47.0± ± ± ±29.2 T 0.% Aloe ver +0.% Curcum long 4.2± ± ± ±39.4 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver +0.2% Curcum long 47.0±0..94± ± ±42.7 -b Ech vlue is men of 40 observtions. Mens within column with no common superscript differ significntly (P < 0.0) Tle 3: Men (±S.E.) body weight gin (g/bird) of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments I Week II Week III Week T Control 9.94 ± ± ±0.2 T 2 0.% Aloe ver.4 ± ± ±8.8 c T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 3.9 ± ± ±4.0 c T 4 0.% Curcum long.8 ± ± ±4.07 C T 0.2% Curcum long 0.28 ± ± ±0. T 0.% Aloe ver + 0.% Curcum long 8. ± ± ±0.79 c T 7 0.2% Aloe ver + 0.2% Curcum long 7.00 ± ± ±9.3 Tle 3: Continue Tretments IV Week V Week VI Week T Control 087.9± ± ±28.3 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 04.4± ± ±40.48 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 03.4± ± ±37.2 T 4 0.% Curcum long 03.79± ± ±42.2 T 0.2% Curcum long 00.90± ± ±29.2 T 0.% Aloe ver + 0.% Curcum long 087.7± ± ±39.04 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver + 0.2% Curcum long 08.82± ± ± c Ech vlue is men of 40 observtions. Mens within column with no common superscript differ significntly (P < 0.0) The inclusion of Aloe ver in broiler diet hd no tht when turmeric ws supplemented ( g/kg) in broiler significnt effect on feed conversion rtio. This ws diet during summer for 42 dys hd reduced mortlity fvourly compred with erlier report of Jing Lin et l. over those of control group. This cn be lso correlted (200) who reported tht no significnt difference in feed with high titre vlues in tretment groups fed with 0. (T 2) conversion rtio ws observed in growing chickens fed nd 0.2 (T 3) percent Aloe ver in this experiment. with Aloe ver. On the contrry, Durrni et l. (200) stted tht Return over feed cost: The nlysis of dt on men supplementtion of turmeric t the rte of 0. percent return over feed cost differs significntly (P < 0.0) level resulted in better feed efficiency. Chngkng et l. between tretment groups up to six weeks of ge. The (2007) expressed similr opinion out the inclusion of return over feed cost per kilogrm live weight of broiler t Aloe ver in broiler diet. sixth week of ge ws high in T4 compred to ll other tretment groups which indictes tht inclusion of Livility: The nlysis of dt on livility reveled no Curcum long t 0. percent in broiler feed improved significnt difference between tretment groups due to growth rte with better feed conversion. dietry inclusion of Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its Similrly, Nmgirilkshmi (200) observed tht the combintions. Livility ws 00 percent in T 2 nd T3 cost of feed to produce one kg live broiler chicken ws groups t sixth week of ge. lowest in 0.0 percent turmeric supplemented groups. It ws consistent with Kumr et l. (200) who observed The men return over feed cost of T nd T were

4 Mehl et l.: Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) Tle 4: Men (±S.E.) cumultive feed consumption (g/bird) of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments I Week II Week III Week T Control 34.± ± ±2.0 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 32.9± ± ±24.40 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 3.2± ± ±7.03 T 4 0.% Curcum long 33.30± ± ±32.94 T 0.2% Curcum long 37.04± ± ±.0 T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long 3.2± ± ±4.02 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long 3.08± ± ±4.2 Ech vlue is men of 4 observtions Tle 4: Continue Tretments IV Week V Week VI Week T Control 849.± ± ±38.49 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 804.2± ± ±8.94 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 82.3± ± ±32.82 T 4 0.% Curcum long 83.43± ± ±0.70 T 0.2% Curcum long 8.07± ± ±4.9 T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long 83.7± ± ±4. T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long 82.28± ± ±0.23 Ech vlue is men of 4 observtions Tle : Men (±S.E.) cumultive feed conversion rtio of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments I Week II Week III Week T Control.2 ±0.02.2±0.02.3± 0.02 cd T 2 0.% Aloe ver.20b ±0.02.±0.0.3±0.03 cd T 3 0.2% Aloe ver.20b ±0.02.2±0.0.2±0.0 c T 4 0.% Curcum long. ±0.02.±0.0.9±0.03 D T 0.2% Curcum long.2 ±0.02.0±0.02.8±0.02 T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long. ±0.0.7±0.03.3±0.03 c T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long. ±0.02.±0.0.4±0.0 Tle : Continue Tretments IV Week V Week VI Week T Control.70± ± ± 0.0 T 2 0.% Aloe ver.72± ± ±0.02 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver.8±0.02.8±0.02.9±0.02 T 4 0.% Curcum long.4±0.02.8±0.03.9±0.02 T 0.2% Curcum long.73±0.0.87± ±0.0 T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long.7± ± ±0.04 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long.7±0.0.87± ±0.04 -d Ech vlue is men of 4 observtions. Mens within column with no common superscript differ significntly (P < 0.0) Tle : Men (±S.E.) percent livility of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments I Week II Week III Week T Control 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 4 0.% Curcum long 00.00± ± ±0.039 T 0.2% Curcum long 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 0.% Aloe ver+ 0.% Curcum long 00.00± ± ±0.07 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long 00.00± ± ±0.00 Tle : Continue Tretments IV Week V Week VI Week T Control 00.00± ± ±0.007 T 2 0.% Aloe ver 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver 00.00± ± ±0.00 T 4 0.% Curcum long 92.0± ± ±0.7 T 0.2% Curcum long 00.00± ± ±0.08 T 0.% Aloe ver+ 0.% Curcum long 9.0± ± ±0.029 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long 99.30± ± ±0.028 Ech vlue is men of 4 observtions 8

5 Mehl et l.: Aloe ver nd Curcum long (Turmeric) Tle 7: Men (±S.E.) return over feed cost (Rs./kg live weight) of broilers fed diet with Aloe ver nd Curcum long nd its combintions Tretments Cost of feed/kg (Rs.) I Week II Week III Week T Control ±0.08. ± ±0.29 T 2 0.% Aloe ver ±0.07 c.72 ±0.09 d.23 ±0.3 T 3 0.2% Aloe ver. c 2.44 ± ±0.9 cde 0.22 ±0.23 T 4 0.% Curcum long ± ± ±0.82 c T 0.2% Curcum long ± ±0..34 ±0.39 c de T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long ±0.07. ±0.2. ±0.40 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long ±0.09 c 4.99 ±0.08 e 9.47 ±0.0 Tle 7: Continue Tretments Cost of feed/kg (Rs.) IV Week V Week VI Week T Control ± ± ±0.49 cde de de T 2 0.% Aloe ver ± ± ±0. de def f T 3 0.2% Aloe ver..34 ± ± ±0.82 T 4 0.% Curcum long ± ± ±0.9 c c T 0.2% Curcum long ± ± ±0.40 d d d T 0.% Aloe ver+0.% Curcum long ± ± ±0.92 T 7 0.2% Aloe ver+0.2% Curcum long.80 e 4.00 ±0.29 F 4.80 ±0.3 f 8.80 ±.9 -f Ech vlue is men of 4 observtions. Mens within column with no common superscript differ significntly (P < 0.0) significntly (P < 0.0) lower thn control group t sixth week of ge. The significnce in return over feed cost in ll weeks of ge is minly due to vritions in the feed cost (from Rs per kg of feed) due to inclusion of Aloe ver nd Curcum long. Acknowledgment The uthors re thnkful to the Den, Veterinry College nd Reserch Institute, Nmkkl for the fcilities nd finncil support provided to crry out this reserch work. References Al-Sultn, S.I., The effect of Curcum long (turmeric) on overll performnce of broiler chickens. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 2: th AOAC, 99. Officil Methods of Anlysis. ed, Assocition of Officil Anlyticl Chemists, Arlington, Virgini, USA. B.I.S., 992. Nutrient requirement for poultry. Bureu of Indin Stndrds, I.S., 374. Chngkng, W., J. Hongqing, T. Jinming, G. Weiwei, S. Renn nd Z. Qi, Effect of Aloe powder nd extrct on production performnce nd immune function of broiler chickens. J. Fujin Agric. nd Forestry Univ., 3: 4-7. Durrni, F.R., Mohmmd Ismil, Asd Sultn, S.M. Suhil, Nil Chnd nd Z. Durrni, 200. Effect of different levels of feed dded turmeric (Curcum long) on the performnce of broiler chicks. J. Agric. Bio. Sci., : 9-. Jgdeeswrn, A., Explortion of growth promoting nd immunomodulting potentils of indigenous drugs in broiler chicken immunized ginst Newcstle virl disese. Ph.D., thesis submitted to Tmil Ndu Veterinry nd Animl Sciences University, Chenni. Jing Lin, Feng Yun Zhng, Yng Xu, Zhou Xin Ting nd Yng De Po, 200. Effects of gel, polyscchride nd cemnnn from Aloe ver on broiler gut flor, microvilli density, immune function nd growth performnce. Chinese J. Vet. Sci., 2: 8-7. Kumr, M., R.S. Choudhry nd J.K. Vishnv, 200. Effect of supplementl prebiotic, probiotic nd turmeric in diet on the performnce of broiler chicks during summer. Ind. J. Poult. Sci., 40: Kumri, P., M.K. Gupt, R. Rnjn, K.K. Singh nd R. Ydv, 994. Curcum long s feed dditive in broiler birds nd its ptho-physiologicl effects. Ntl. Toxicol. Progrm. Tech. Rep. Ser., 43: Nmgirilkshmi, S., 200. Turmeric (Curcum long) s nutrceuticl to improve broiler performnce. M.V.Sc., thesis submitted to Tmil Ndu Veterinry nd Animl Sciences University, Chenni. Sinurt, A.P., T. Purwdri, M.H. Togtorop, T. Psribu, I.A.K. Bintng, S. Sitompul nd J. Rosid, Responses of broilers to Aloe ver bioctives s feed dditive: the effect of different forms nd levels of bioctives on performnces of broilers. J. ILmu. Ternk. dn. Veteriner., 7: 9-7. Snedecor, G.W. nd W.G. Cochrn, 989. Sttisticl th methods. 8 edn, Iow Stte University Press/Ames, Iow-000. Wtt Executive Guide, 200. Wtt Publishing Co., 22, S. Wesley, AVE, Mt. Morris, Illinois, USA., pp: 8 nd 32. Wtt Executive Guide, Wtt Publishing Co., 22, S. Wesley, AVE, Mt. Morris, Illinois, USA., pp: