Overall SMOS Cal/Val Plan and Requirements

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1 SMOS Science Workshop, Oct 2007 Overall SMOS Cal/Val Plan and Requirements Steven Delwart Catherine Bouzinac Patrick Wursteisen

2 SM Validation Requirements Temperate low vegetation A Temperate crop land B Temperate deciduous forest C Boreal coniferous forest (taiga) D Vineyards and orchards E Tropical irrigated agriculture F Cold shrub/grass land (tundra) G Semi arid shrub/grass land H Tropical rain forest K Savanna L Maritime pines M Desert N Mauser (Danube catchment) ABC (fix radiometer) LopezBaeza (Valencia Anchor) BE (fix radiometer) Hallikainen (Finland) DG (air radiometer) Calvet (France Spain) ABC (fix radiometer) Magagi (West Canada) BDG Stammer (Rur catchment) ABC (fix radiometer) Zribi (SW France) ABM (air radiometer) DeRosnay (AMMA) HK Friesen (Volta basin) HK Pellarin (Vercors) DG DeJeu (19 sites all over the world) all Martins (Brazil Caatinga) H Walker (SE Australia) BHN (air radiometer) Kaihotsu (Mongolia Plateau) AG Jackson (North America) B (fix+air radiometers) Singh (Kanpur Kharagpur) FL Patel (NW India) H Robock (Central US) B MartinezFernandez (Duero basin) BEH Wagner (global) all Hornbuckle (Midwest US) B (fix radiometer) Paloscia (Tuscany) BCD (fix radiometer) Camps (Lleida plateau) ABC Su (12 sites all over the world) all Kim (Amazonia) K (air radiometer) Marczewski (Poland) B Zhang (Takelimgan desert) N

3 Soil Moisture Test Areas

4 SM Cal/Val Coverage Brightness Temperature Ground based or airborne L- band radiometers Soil Soil moisture surface and profile measurements Soil temperature surface and profile measurements Soil surface roughness Soil mineralogy and texture, bulk density Calvet, Kaihotsu, Kalma, Jackson, Mauser, De Jeu, Stammer, Hornbuckle, Paloscia, Lopez-Baeza, Camps, Anterrieu, Pellarin, Drusch, Magagi, Zribi, Zhang, Hallikainen Calvet, Kaihotsu, Kalma, Jackson, Singh, Martinez- Fernandez, Wagner, Mauser, De Jeu, Stammer, Hornbuckle, Lopez-Baeza, De Rosnay, Pellarin, Drusch, Magagi, Su, Kim (snow&ice), Marczewski, Zhang, Friesen, Hallikainen, Patel Kaihotsu, Kalma, Jackson, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Lopez- Baeza, Magagi, Su, Friesen, Mauser De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Hornbuckle, Zhang Kaihotsu, Singh, Mauser, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Su, Zhang, Patel % sand and % clay Zhang, Patel % rock fragments Cover and mixed pixel % free water and local topography Martinez-Fernandez, Mauser, De Jeu, Friesen, Patel % rugged terrain and local topography Martinez-Fernandez, Mauser, De Jeu, Pellarin Freezing conditions, permafrost, permanent ice % vegetation Kaihotsu, Mauser, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Lopez-Baeza, Zhang, Friesen, Patel % dry snow Paloscia, Kim, Mauser % wet snow Hallikainen, Mauser % urban cover Vegetation Vegetation type Kaihotsu, Singh, Mauser, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Lopez- Baeza, Magagi, Su, Kim, Marczewski, Zhang, Hallikainen, Patel Vegetation optical thickness Kaihotsu, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Magagi, Kim, Friesen Vegetation temperature Magagi Litter, mulch De Rosnay Interception, dew Hornbuckle Canopy roughness Hornbuckle, Su, Kim NDVI/LAI Kalma, De Jeu, Patel Atmosphere Total column water content (liquid and vapour, precipitation) Temperature Pressure Wind speed and direction RFI Total electron content (modelled or interpolated from point measurements) galactic/cosmic background Martinez-Fernandez, De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Su, Zhang, Friesen De Jeu Hornbuckle, Su, Zhang, Friesen De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Su, Zhang, Friesen De Jeu, Hornbuckle, Drusch, Su, Zhang, Friesen Le Vine, Anterrieu Additional considerations: Well equipped sites in various ecoclimate areas (long term monitoring on representative points 'similar to SMOSREX => 3 ELBARA Radiometers available Large areas covered spatially but during smaller periods of time (typically campaigns) with ground and A/C equipment (similar to Cosmos or SMEX) => Rehearsal Campaign Specific activities over troublesome targets (snow on t rees, melting ice and o ther unfriendly behaviours) => No proposal provided for ELBARA deployment in Lapland!! Required instrumentation 'SM and T probes, flux-met stations, ground and A/C radiometers. Available at the key SM validation sites Danube & VAS

5 SSS Validation Requirements Cold sea with low salinity A Cold sea with high salinity B Warm sea with low salinity C Warm sea with high salinity D Cold < 15 C < Warm Low < 35 psu < High Hallikainen (Baltic sea) A (air radiometer) Hallikainen (Arctic sea) A (air radiometer) Burrage (Mexico gulf) D (air radiometer) Stammer (Western Pacific) C Stammer (North sea) A (fix radiometer) Zribi (Biscay gulf) BD (air radiometer) Camps (Biscay gulf) BD Poulain (Mediterranean sea) BD LeVine (global) all Heron (Great Barrier Reef) D (air radiometer) Martinez (Uruguay coast) BD (air radiometer) Navarro (Cadiz gulf) D Gaillard (Tropical Pacific) C Gaillard (Tasmanian Antarctic)A Gommenginger (North Atlantic)ABCD Gommenginger (Arctic ocean) A Simms (Canadian seas) A Johannessen (North Atlantic) ABCD

6 Sea Surface Salinity Test Areas

7 SSS Cal/Val Coverage Brightness Temperature Sea Surface Salinity and Sea Surface Temperature Surface layer salinity and temperature Surface drifters Thermosalinographs in Voluntary Observing Ships and Research Vessels Instrumented Towers or Buoys ARGO floats CTD profiles Camps, Le Vine, Anterrieu, Drusch, Martinez, Zribi, Gaillard Stammer, Poulain, Camps, Le Vine, Simms, Martinez, Hallikainen, Zribi Burrage, Camps, Le Vine, Gommenginger, Navarro, Gaillard, Zribi Camps, Simms, Stammer, Zribi Stammer, Poulain, Le Vine, Drusch, Navarro, Simms, Gaillard, Johannessen Burrage, Navarro, Martinez, Heron, Gaillard Subsurface moorings Wind and waves (roughness) Moored surface buoys Burrage, Le Vine, Martinez, Zribi Instrumented towers Stammer Aircraft Burrage, Zribi Foam coverage Aircraft Zribi Instrumented towers Stammer L-band and InfraRed emission Aircraft Burrage, Camps, Martinez, Heron, Zribi Instrumented towers Stammer Atmosphere Total column water content Total electron content Temperature Drusch Pressure Earth aliasing Burrage, Martinez, Cabot Sun, Moon and galactic glints Additional considerations: Instrumenting (measuring) specific areas with good spatial resolution (to map horizontal variability) in appropriate stable regions => Gulf of Biscay & Gulf of Lyon flights Coordination with the Aquarius Validation Data Segment => In progress Operational models of wind, waves, temperature and salinity, and adequate data assimilation methods => To be worked on

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