1.01. Helping is a broad and generic term that includes assistance provided by a variety of

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO HELPING Multiple-Choice Questions Helping is a broad and generic term that includes assistance provided by a variety of individual such as: a. friends b. family c. counselors d. psychotherapists After a single course in helping skills, students cannot call themselves counselors or psychotherapists until they have a. had further training and practice in providing mental health services. b. had supervision. c. passed a credentialing examination. d. been certified as effective. e. a, b, and c * Counseling typically differs from psychotherapy in which of the following ways: a. Counseling is longer than psychotherapy. b. Psychotherapists have more education than counselors.* c. Psychotherapists see healthier clients. d. Psychotherapists provide more effective treatment than counselors. e. Only b and c apply.

2 1.04. One of the following is NOT likely to be facilitated through helping: a. existential concerns b. personal insight c. making important decisions d. interpersonal issues e. none of the above * A common reason why people do not seek professional help is: a. embarrassment b. skepticism c. self-help books d. financial constraints e. only a and d apply * People are most likely to seek help when a. they have the time and money. b. their pain is greater than the barriers to seeking help.* c. they feel ashamed. d. they feel desperate. e. their friends tell them that they need help An occupational hazard of being a helper is: a. Helping is often not effective, which makes helping frustrating. b. Helping is often not rewarding, which makes helping unfulfilling. c. Helping can stir up emotions, which may lay dormant in the helper.*

3 d. Helping can numb emotions, which may make helping progressively harder. e. Both a and c A factor that seems to be necessary for a person to seek help is: a. a sense of being in pain b. perceiving feelings or situations as problematic c. the pain must be greater than the barriers to seeking help d. a and c Barriers that individuals face in regard to seeking professional assistance or helping include a. practical concerns, such as time and money b. concerns about other people s opinions of them c. fears about deeply exploring problems d. all of the above * e. only b and c apply Helping can a. facilitate emotional healing in some clients. b. be a teaching tool for some clients. c. create dependency in some clients. d. include all of the above. * e. only a and c apply.

4 1.11. Janet sought counseling because she was in an abusive relationship with her boyfriend and wanted to get out of it. After several counseling sessions, she felt better and no longer wanted to leave him. In this case, counseling may have a. helped Janet gain insight. b. enabled Janet to stay in an unhealthy relationship.* c. reinforced to Janet that she is at fault. d. provided Janet with the ability to overcome obstacles. e. lowered Janet s self-esteem An example of how helping could be problematic would be when a. a person is allowed to know a little too much about themselves. b. helping creates a sense of dependency in the client. c. counseling provides just enough relief for people to stay in maladaptive situations. d. all of the above. e. only b and c apply.* Regarding the effectiveness of therapy, Wampold concluded that a. no one therapy is more effective than another.* b. counseling and psychotherapy are only modestly helpful. c. Rogerian therapy is the most effective because of the nature of the relationship between therapist and client. d. psychoanalytic therapy is most effective for deep-seated problems. e. none of the above apply.

5 1.14. Generally speaking, people turn to professionals before seeking help from friends and family members. a. true b. false * As defined in the book, culture includes: a. race ethnicity b. religion c. disability status d. a and b Culture can be defined as: a. customs, values, attitudes, and beliefs shared by a group of people b. shared constraints of a certain sociocultural group c. a convenient label for knowledge, skills, and attitudes passed on through generations d. any group of people who associate with one another for a common purpose, need, or similarity of background Enculturation refers to adapting to the norms of the dominant culture, whereas acculturation refers to retaining the norms of one s indigenous culture. a. true b. false *

6 1.18. Common characteristics of helpers are that they a. listen carefully. b. are very intelligent. c. are tolerant of ambiguity. d. a and b e. a and c * If your motivations for becoming a helper are not all positive, you should go into another field. a. true b. false * Benefits of helpers seeking personal therapy include: a. enabling helpers to understand their motivations b. recognize personal issue that may interfere with ability to help c. teach helpers about the helping process d. personal growth The effects of undergraduate helping skills training found by Hill et al. (2008) included: a. Students used more exploration skills after training b. Students had better conceptualization skills after training c. Students gained in self-efficacy d. all of the above e. a and c *

7 1.22. In the study in which graduate students kept journals of their experiences during their first semester of training (Hill, Sullivan, Knox, & Schlosser, 2007), students discussed: a. being too self-critical b. learning how to use helping skills effectively c. having troubling reactions to clients d. all of the above * e. a and b Claiborn, Goodyear, and Horner (2002) suggested that a. negative feedback should precede positive feedback. b. feedback should be given only when the helper asks for it. c. positive feedback should precede negative feedback.* d. feedback should be stated in broad and general terms. e. negative feedback should not be given to beginning helpers. Essay Questions Discuss the difference between healthy and unhealthy motivations for being a helper. How could we encourage more people to seek help when they need it? Why should troubled people seek help from a therapist instead of from a friend? What are the possible benefits and risks of therapy for clients?