EFFECT OF IRRADIATION IN INFANCY ON THE MOUSE OVARY

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "EFFECT OF IRRADIATION IN INFANCY ON THE MOUSE OVARY"

Transcription

1 EFFECT OF IRRADIATION IN INFANCY ON THE MOUSE OVARY A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF OOCYTE SENSITIVITY HANNAH PETERS and EMILIA LEVY Einsen Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark (Received 13th June 1963) Summary. The effect on the ovary of a single dose of 20 r X-ray given at different ages early in life varies according to the age of the animal at the time of radiation. This has been investigated by determining the number of surviving 24 hr after radiation, and at varying intervals after irradiation but at a constant age of the animal, i.e. 49 days. The sensitivity of the ovary depends on the response of the small as well as on the response ofthe growing and large. The sensitivity of these two groups differs. Further, a variation within the two groups is noted, which is age dependent. Fifty per cent ofsmall survive 24 hr after radiation on the day of birth whereas radiation after this age leaves only between 1 and 9 % of these cells intact. The number of in the ovary at the time the animal enters maturity is 85 % of the normal number after irradiation at birth, but only 1 % after irradiation at the age of 3 weeks. The changing radiation sensitivity is discussed in relation to certain morphological changes in the developing ovary. INTRODUCTION The marked radiation sensitivity of ovaries of infant mice has been known for some time (Brambell, Parkes & Fielding, 1927; Russell, Russell, Steele & Phipps, 1959; Peters, 1961 ; Oakberg, 1962). That this sensitivity is not constant, but varies considerably in early life, has recently been shown by a marked variation in the subsequent reproductive behaviour of mice irradiated at different ages during infancy and early maturity (Peters & Levy, 1963 a, b). The present work was undertaken to determine quantitatively the effect on the ovary of a single dose of 20 r X-ray given at different ages early in life. To investigate the immediate effect, oocyte survival was determined at a constant time (24 hr) after radiation. The status of the ovary was also investigated quantitatively at varying times after radiation, but at a fixed time of the animal's fife. For this purpose, the oocyte population present in the ovary at the onset of maturity (7 weeks) was determined. * Fellow of the International Atomic Energy Agency. ß* 37

2 _ 38 Hannah Peters and Emilia Levy MATERIAL AND METHODS EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS The mice were females of the Street strain; their ages ranged from Day 0 (day of birth) to 51 days. RADIATION Radiation was given as a single dose of 20 r X-ray ( 175 kv, 8 ma, half value 1 2 mm Cu, distance 57 cm, dose rate 30 r/min) to the whole body except for the head, which was shielded. Eight groups of mice of different ages were irradiated : new-born mice and groups that were 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days old. HISTOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS The ovaries of the control and irradiated mice were fixed in either Carnoy's or Bouin's solution, serially sectioned at 5 µ and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. CLASSIFICATION OF OOCYTES AND FOLLICLES The were divided into two main groups: (1) The small, i.e. 20 µ or less in diameter. (2) The growing and large, i.e. those germ cells that have begun to grow and have a diameter of more than 20 µ, as well as those that have reached their maximum size of 70 µ. For the follicles the following classification was used : Type 1 : oocyte without accompanying follicle cells ; Type 2 : oocyte with a few follicle cells ; Type 3a : small oocyte with a complete ring offollicle cells, usually flat ; Type 3b : growing oocyte with a complete ring of round follicle cells ; Type 4 : oocyte surrounded by two rows of follicle cells ; Type 5 : oocyte surrounded by many rows of follicle cells; Type 6: follicle with beginning antrum formation; Type 7: follicle with multiple antra; Type 8: corona formed, last stage of follicle development. ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF OOCYTES The total number of was computed by the method described by Mandi & Zuckerman (1951). A separate count was made (1) of the small (in Type 1 to 3a follicles) and (2) of the growing and large (in Type 3b to 8 follicles). The small were counted in every tenth section, using the nucleolus as marker. Abercrombie's (1946) correction factor was used for overcounting due to the size of the marker (2 µ). The number of small (S) was therefore determined as: _ S Number counted 10 x-r-r-.-?-:-:-~-; ; = _ thickness of section,, thickness ol section+size ot nucleolus The growing and large were sampled in every fifth section. All counts were made on one ovary only and doubled to express the total number of difference between the two ovaries, as Jones (1957) found no significant in several strains of mice. Apart from the determination of total numbers of, partial counting

3 Irradiation of mouse 39 was done in a few instances. In these cases germ cells were counted in twentyfive non-adjacent middle sections of the ovary. These were then compared to counts obtained in the same way in corresponding normal ovaries. In two instances small in irradiated ovaries were determined per 100 growing follicles. A corresponding count was made in a normal ovary of the same age. RESULTS NORMAL OVARIES The number of present in normal ovaries during the first 7 weeks of life has been determined in twenty-one animals (Table 1 ). Table 1 control animals Total count Age (days) Small Growing + large Total Age (days) Partial count Small : 1252 per 100 growing follicles 19 Small : 1013 per 100 growing follicles Small : 630 in 25 sections Growing + large : 69 in 25 sections Small : 589 in 25 sections Growing + large : 6 in 25 sections Small : 417 in 25 sections Growing+large : 15 in 25 sections Small : 406 in 25 sections Growing + large : 21 in 25 sections The Street mouse is born with 12,000, this number decreases expo At the time of birth all the nentially, and is halved in 32 days (Text-fig. 1 ). are small. The growing ones first appear after 3 days. Their number

4 , 40 Hannah Peters and Emilia Levy h bo bo C C l'i bß bo v> So o o (U w "" ~. *n ffff rt rt rt s s a s IO cm in cm a'" 3 9 S -S S u.. o.. CU J. < a, «S " «j m r m, cm g-cm o c o c S.tí o -tí O ^ bo bo M t. ai l. ccj D ce u -T u o bo oc o_c LO LO > S04 c tí g a - o O CM U H u «J M.. W " in S10 u.af.a to o -f cm < * bo bß u a d m o -h.s.s 1 il I c s lo m CM CM e 5 o o o o a a C/3t/ st CM 2 < I -> R «M H "5 o.s?\ < I < a 2 > c-< s o ^fo^«o COTf en o m m CD CD CM ^ch CO CO CO CO CM <j" cm m o~> o~> CM in CM ' (MO CM r- cm co co co^oo CD CO LO r- LO co to CO co - LO ' + S o-à 3 o * oo. LOCOiO ON CM O CD CD CM oiocomo) CO - ocoo to CM LO CM CM ' o to - co -^ LO CO CM CM CM CO CM oco lo CM CM CM - co cr> to co es cm o incmr^.'to IO < ' CM CM CM 1 rt< r t CM CO CO to CM CM CM CO CO ~ CM ' co to CM CO CO s t So

5 Irradiation of mouse 41 increases rapidly (Text-fig. 1) from about 240 on the 7th day to 920 on the 16th day, the highest number reached at any time. Before the end of the 3rd week their number is already reduced by a phase during which the rate of destruction exceeds that of production. After this they comprise 11 % of au, a proportion which remains constant until maturity is reached. Total Growing * large Text-fig Age (days) Number of in mouse ovaries of normal mice in relation to age. IRRADIATED OVARIES The number of in irradiated ovaries was determined in thirty-three animals 24 hr after irradiation (Table 2). The response of the small 24 hr after radiation at different ages is not uniform. Radiation on the day of Table 3 surviving as a proportion of the normal complement Age at radiation (days) Small (%) Survival after 24 hr Growing and large (%) Total (%) Survival at the age of 49 days Small (%) Growing and large (%) Total (%) birth leaves half of the small intact, but only between 1 after treatment at any of the later ages tested (Table 3). The time of greatest sensitivity is at the beginning or the end of the 3rd week of life, when 1 % and 9 % survive

6 42 Hannah Peters and Emilia Levy survive 24 hr after irradiation. Radiation after the 3rd week permits an in creasing proportion of small to survive, so that treatment at the age of 7 weeks leaves 9 % of a normal small oocyte complement surviving on the next day. The immediate (24 hr) radiation effect on the group of growing and large was determined in mice irradiated at 3, 4, 5 and 7 weeks. The number of in follicles of Types 3b to 8 was reduced in all groups, 36 to % of a normal complement surviving 24 hr after radiation (Table 3). In an attempt to detect a possible difference in the radiation response between growing and that have already reached their maximum size, differential survival counts were made. The response of the growing oocyte in follicles of Types 3b and 4 was distinguished from that offully grown in follicles oftypes 5 to 8 (Table 4). This could be done in animals aged 28 days or over. Half of the Table 4 oocyte survival in relation to follicular development Age at radiation (days) Survival after 24 hr Growing (in Type 3b to 4 follicles) (%) Large (in Type 5 to 8 follicles) (%) 55 Survival at the age o/"49 days Growing (in Type 3b to 4 follicles) (%) Large (in Type 5 to 8 follicles) (%) fully grown survived 24 hr in the three groups tested, whereas the survival rate of growing increased from 27 % after radiation on the 28th day to % after treatment at the age of 49 days. In 21-day-old animals this determination could not be made with any degree of accuracy, as the distribution of growing and large at this age varies widely in normal animals. A count distinguishing between growing and large was therefore only done when this group reached the age of 49 days (Table 4). At that time 1 % of the growing and 27 % of the large were found to survive, suggesting a very high sensitivity and disappearance rate for the growing after radiation at the age of 21 days. AT THE AGE OF MATURITY The condition of the ovaries at the time the animal becomes mature was with which evaluated quantitatively in order to determine the number of the animals of the different irradiated groups actually entered reproductive life. The time chosen as the age of early maturity was 49 days, because at this age ovulation is established in most control animals of this strain. Animals irradiated on the day of birth enter maturity with 85 % of a normal complement of (100% representing the number of in ovaries of 49-day-old control animals). Radiation at all later ages effects a drastic reduction of the

7 Irradiation of mouse 43 total oocyte number by the time the animal enters reproductive life. Five, 3 and 1 % of all survive radiation given at the age of 1, 2 and 3 weeks, respectively. Ovaries irradiated after this age enter maturity with 10 to 12% of a normal complement of (Table 3). The survival of small follows closely the survival curve of the total number of (Text-fig. 2). However, the group of growing and large shows a different distribution. Animals irradiated at birth have 90 % of the expected number; after treatment at the age of 1 week 30 % remain, whereas radiation at the beginning or end of the 3rd week of life leaves 14 and 7 % of growing and large intact by the time the animal reaches maturity. Animals irradiated when more than 3 weeks old enter reproductive life with 40 % or more of the usual number ofgrowing and large. C R Age on day of radiation (days) Text-fig. 2. Oocytes surviving at the age of 49 days after radiation on different days after birth. C = Control.. Total ; O, small ; D, large. 49 DISCUSSION From the survival rate of 24 hr after radiation, and the numbers of present in the ovary at the time of maturity, it can be deduced that the response of to radiation varies with the age of the animal at the time of treatment. Radiation at birth causes least disturbance ; although % of the germ cell population is immediately destroyed, the surviving ones develop in such a way that 85 % of a normal complement still populate the ovary by the time maturity is reached. Radiation at all later ages, however, reduces the oocyte number present at the beginning of maturity to 12 % or less. To discuss this marked variation in response we shall try to correlate it with some morphological developments in the ovary which occur during infancy and puberty, being aware, however, that these are not the only ones that influence

8 44 Hannah Peters and Emilia Levy the radiation sensitivity. The hormonal changes and influences are not dis cussed in this presentation. The period of lowest sensitivity (day of birth) coincides with an ovary con sisting entirely of small. The transformation of the small to the large has not started yet, and the immediate radiation effect is therefore only dependent on the response of the small. At birth the small are still in transitory stages of the meiotic prophase. About half of them are in pachytene, these are highly radiation sensitive and quickly destroyed (Peters, 1961); half are in early diplotene, a stage apparently not significantly dis turbed by 20 r of X-ray. This particular composition of the ovary at birth, consisting partly of highly sensitive pachytene and partly of resistant (to X-ray) 20 r early diplotene stages, permits % ofthe total oocyte number to survive 24 hr, enough to populate the ovary with an oocyte complement, which is only slightly below normal by the time the animal enters reproductive life. The effect of radiation on the ovary at all later ages must, however, depend on the response not only of the small but also of the growing and large. The small ofovaries treated at the age of 1 week or later show a distinct increase in sensitivity; only 1 to 9 % of their number survive 24 hr compared to % surviving radiation on the day of birth. This change in response can be correlated with a concurrent change in the morphology of the oocyte nuclei. These develop beyond the transitory stages ofmeiosis through late diplotene to the 'stationary' phase (stationary only in the sense, that with present cytological methods no well-defined morphological changes can be found) of dictyotene, stages which prove to be highly radiation sensitive. In addition to the change in the radiation sensitivity of the small oocyte a varying effect on the growing and large oocyte determines the response of the ovary to radiation given after the neonatal period. If the total number of present at the beginning of maturity is taken as a measure of damage done, it is shown that radiation given between the 1st and 3rd week of life causes the severest damage. This high sensitivity coincides with the period of ovarian development when the transformation of small to large ones is at its height, and when growing are present in the largest numbers. The growing oocyte seems to be particularly sensitive during this phase of fast transformation ; this is suggested by the fact that the number of growing found at the age of maturity is least in animals irradiated at the age of 3 weeks. Radiation in the subsequent weeks permits a larger proportion of growing to reach the maturing ovary, suggesting a gradual decrease in the radiation sensitivity of these cells with advancing age. The reason for the high sensitivity of the growing oocyte is not known. Morphologically, the nuclei in the dictyotene phase are indistinguishable from nuclei of less sensitive in later stages. However, in this period of growth a variety of processes are beginning in these cells, e.g. augmentation of the cytoplasm, the formation of microvilli, the formation of the zona pellucida and the transport of material between the follicle cell and the ovum (Chiquoine, 1960). Which of these processes are interfered with by radiation is yet unknown. It seems, however, that with further growth of the cells and advancing age of the animal towards maturity the group of growing and large becomes

9 Irradiation of mouse 45 less vulnerable. Yet the overall sensitivity of the ovary considerable, measured by the total number of surviving animal reaches maturity. to radiation remains at the time the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors wish to thank Mr J. Ambrosen, Radiophysical Laboratory, Radiumstationen, for his supervision of the radiation used in these experiments. Thanks are also due to Miss A. Knudsen, Miss H. Lorenzen, Miss K. Storm and Mrs I. Aaberg for their technical assistance. REFERENCES Abercrombie, M. (1946) Estimation of nuclear population from microtome sections. Anat. Ree. 94, 239. Brambell, F. W. R., Parkes,. S. & Fielding, U. (1927) Changes in the ovary of the mouse following exposure to X-rays. Part I. Irradiation at three weeks old. Proc. roy. Soc. B, 101, 29. Chiquoine, A. D. (1960) The development of the zona pellucida of the mammalian ovum. Amer. J. Anat. 106, 149. Jones, E. C. (1957) The aging ovary. Thesis, University of Birmingham. Mandl, A. & Zuckerman, A. (1951) The relation of age to numbers of. J. Endocrin. 7, 190. Oakberg, E. F. (1962) Gamma-ray sensitivity of of immature mice. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol., N.T. 109, 763. Peters, H. (1961) Radiation sensitivity of at different stages of development in the immature mouse. Rad. Res. 15, 582. Peters, H. & Levy, E. (1963a) The effect of radiation in infancy on the fertility of female mice. Rad. Res. 18,421. Peters, H. & Levy, E. ( 1963b) Radiation sensitivity ofthe mouse ovary. Fertility after radiation during infancy and early maturity. Proc. Joint Meet. Netherlands Radiobiol. Soc. and Brit. Assoc. Rad. Res. (Abstract). Int. J. Rad. Biol. (In press). Russell, W. L., Russell, L. B., Steele, M. H. & Phipps, E. L. (1959) Extreme sensitivity of an immature stage of the mouse ovary to sterilization by irradiation. Science, 129, 1288.

STUDIES OF THE HUMAN UNFERTILIZED TUBAL OVUM*t

STUDIES OF THE HUMAN UNFERTILIZED TUBAL OVUM*t FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright @ 1973 by The Williams & Wilkins Co. Vol. 24, No.8, August 1973 Printed in U.S.A. STUDIES OF THE HUMAN UNFERTILIZED TUBAL OVUM*t C. NORIEGA, M.D., AND C. OBERTI, M.D.

More information

Ovarian Follicular Development in the Untreated and

Ovarian Follicular Development in the Untreated and Ovarian Follicular Development in the Untreated and PMSG-treated Cyclic Rat Hajime MIYAMOTO, Goro KATSUURA and Takehiko ISHIBASHI Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Kyoto University,

More information

The Initiation of Follicle and Oocyte. Growth in the Mouse Ovary

The Initiation of Follicle and Oocyte. Growth in the Mouse Ovary BIOLOGY OF RPRODUCTION 20, 773-778 (1979) The Initiation Follicle and Oocyte Growth in the Mouse Ovary SU LINTRN-MOOR and G.P.M. MOOR School Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, N.S.W.

More information

Studies on Induced Ovulation in the Intact Immature Hamster. Charles W. Bodemer, Ph.D., Ruth E. Rumery, Ph.D., and Richard J. Blandau, Ph.D., M.D.

Studies on Induced Ovulation in the Intact Immature Hamster. Charles W. Bodemer, Ph.D., Ruth E. Rumery, Ph.D., and Richard J. Blandau, Ph.D., M.D. Studies on Induced Ovulation in the Intact Immature Hamster Charles W. Bodemer, Ph.D., Ruth E. Rumery, Ph.D., and Richard J. Blandau, Ph.D., M.D. IT IS WELL KNOWN that gonadotropins are incapable of inducing

More information

Animal Science 434! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Lecture 11: The Follicular Phase of the Estrous Cycle!

Animal Science 434! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Lecture 11: The Follicular Phase of the Estrous Cycle! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Animal Science 434! Lecture 11: The Follicular Phase of the Estrous Cycle!! (-)! Hypothalamus! GnRH! Estradiol! (-)! Tonic and Preovulatory Surge of GnRH! Anterior!

More information

emphasized both the need for an adequate amount of fsh and an adequate COMPARISON OF SUPEROVULATION IN THE IMMATURE MOUSE AND RAT

emphasized both the need for an adequate amount of fsh and an adequate COMPARISON OF SUPEROVULATION IN THE IMMATURE MOUSE AND RAT COMPARISON OF SUPEROVULATION IN THE IMMATURE MOUSE AND RAT EVERETT D. WILSON* and M. X. ZARROW Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A. (Received 26th May 1961)

More information

LeCturer : Maher Hadidi

LeCturer : Maher Hadidi lecture # : 1 4 Date : Sybject : LeCturer : Maher Hadidi :t if, Done by: Gametogenesis The process of germ cells formation (gametes) which, involves the chromosomes and cytoplasm of the gametes, to prepare

More information

(6, 7, 8, 9). cycle, a result in agreement with the experiments of PAPANICOLAOU and

(6, 7, 8, 9). cycle, a result in agreement with the experiments of PAPANICOLAOU and THE NATURE OF THE ANCESTROUS CONDITION RESULTING FROM VITAMIN B DEFICIENCY. By A. S. PARKES, Beit Memorial Research Fellow. From the Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University College, London.

More information

A LMOST ANY MAMMAL, at any age, has been found to have some abnormal

A LMOST ANY MAMMAL, at any age, has been found to have some abnormal Ovulation and Fertilization of Abnormal Ova of the Golden Hamster HARRY A. KENT, JR., Ph.D." A LMOST ANY MAMMAL, at any age, has been found to have some abnormal ovarian structures. Those structures are

More information

Stage-dependent changes of chromosomal radiosensitivity in primary oocytes of the Chinese hamster

Stage-dependent changes of chromosomal radiosensitivity in primary oocytes of the Chinese hamster Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 30: 174-178 (1981) Stage-dependent changes of chromosomal radiosensitivity in primary oocytes of the Chinese hamster K. M ikamo, Y. Kamiguchi, K. Funaki, S.Sugawara, and H.T ateno

More information

(Received 5th July 1968)

(Received 5th July 1968) EFFECT OF AN INTRA-UTERINE DEVICE ON CONCEPTION AND OVULATION IN THE RHESUS MONKEY W. A. KELLY, J. H. MARSTON and P. ECKSTEIN Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Birmingham 15 (Received 5th July 1968)

More information

Columbia University, New York.)

Columbia University, New York.) 15 6I2.62I:6I2.4 THE EFFECT OF OVARIAN HORMONE ON THE PITUITARY, THYROID, AND ADRENAL GLANDS OF SPAYED FEMALE RATS. BY DOROTHY H. ANDERSEN. (From the Department of Pathology, College of Physicians and

More information

THE EFFECT OF UNILATERAL CASTRATION ON THE REMAINING TESTIS OF THE MOUSE

THE EFFECT OF UNILATERAL CASTRATION ON THE REMAINING TESTIS OF THE MOUSE 402 THE EFFECT OF UNILATERAL CASTRATION ON THE REMAINING TESTIS OF THE MOUSE BY I. W. ROWLANDS. (From the Department of Zoology, University College of North Wales, Bangor.) (Received 14th April, 1934.)

More information

The reproductive lifespan

The reproductive lifespan The reproductive lifespan Reproductive potential Ovarian cycles Pregnancy Lactation Male Female Puberty Menopause Age Menstruation is an external indicator of ovarian events controlled by the hypothalamicpituitary

More information

THE EFFECT OF OESTRIN ON THE TESTIS OF THE ADULT MOUSE

THE EFFECT OF OESTRIN ON THE TESTIS OF THE ADULT MOUSE 389 THE EFFECT OF OESTRIN ON THE TESTIS OF THE ADULT MOUSE BY MARJORIE ALLANSON. (Harold Row Research Scholar, King's College, London.) (Received 5th March, 1931.) (With One Plate.) I. INTRODUCTION. THE

More information

OVARY The surface of the ovary is covered with surface epithelium

OVARY The surface of the ovary is covered with surface epithelium OVARY Cow The ovary, or female gonad, is: 1. an exocrine gland, producing oocytes 2. an endocrine gland, secreting hormones, i.e., estrogen and progesterone OVARY OVARY The surface of the ovary is covered

More information

Embryology 3. Spermatogenesis:

Embryology 3. Spermatogenesis: Embryology 3 Spermatogenesis: The 2 testis in males are each divided into lobes and lobules by connective tissue septa forming 250 lobule and in each lobule there are 1 to 4 seminefrous tubule ( so almost

More information

Chapter 27 The Reproductive System. MDufilho

Chapter 27 The Reproductive System. MDufilho Chapter 27 The Reproductive System 1 Figure 27.19 Events of oogenesis. Before birth Meiotic events 2n Oogonium (stem cell) Mitosis Follicle development in ovary Follicle cells Oocyte 2n Primary oocyte

More information

Sex differentiation of germ cells in the teleost, Oryzias latipes, during normal embryonic development

Sex differentiation of germ cells in the teleost, Oryzias latipes, during normal embryonic development J. Embryol. exp. Morph. Vol. 2, 2, pp. -, 2 Printed in Great Britain Sex differentiation of germ cells in the teleost, Oryzias latipes, during normal embryonic development ByNORIYUKI SATOH AND NOBUO EGAMI

More information

IN THE course of our studv of the hormonal factors involved in miosis and

IN THE course of our studv of the hormonal factors involved in miosis and Arrival of Fertilizing Sperm at the Follicular Cell of the Secondary Oocyte A Study of the Rat R. Moricard and J. Bossu IN THE course of our studv of the hormonal factors involved in miosis and "' fertilization

More information

Reproduction and Development. Female Reproductive System

Reproduction and Development. Female Reproductive System Reproduction and Development Female Reproductive System Outcomes 5. Identify the structures in the human female reproductive system and describe their functions. Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, Uterus, Endometrium,

More information

Genome Integrity in Mammalian Oocytes

Genome Integrity in Mammalian Oocytes Genome Integrity in Mammalian Oocytes ESHRE Workshop on mammalian folliculogenesis and oogenesis April 19 21 Stresa Italy 2003 Workshop Lisbon Genome Integrity Structure is chromatin in open or closed

More information

University College, London.)

University College, London.) 6I2.62I:6I2.492 STUDIES ON OVULATION. I. The relation of the anterior pituitary body to ovulation in the rabbit. BY A. R. FEE AND A. S. PARKES (Beit Memorial Research Fellows). (From the Department of

More information

Effect of Gonadotrophins and Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) on folliculogenesis in the domestic pigeon, Columba livia.

Effect of Gonadotrophins and Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) on folliculogenesis in the domestic pigeon, Columba livia. Asian J. Exp. Sci., Vol. 22, No. 3, 2008; 439-443 Effect of Gonadotrophins and Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) on folliculogenesis in the domestic pigeon, Columba livia. V. D. Hegde Department of

More information

The Effect of Cortisone on Cell Proliferation and Migration in Peripheral Nerves undergoing Wallerian degeneration

The Effect of Cortisone on Cell Proliferation and Migration in Peripheral Nerves undergoing Wallerian degeneration The Effect of Cortisone on Cell Proliferation and Migration in Peripheral Nerves undergoing Wallerian by G. A. THOMAS 1 From the Department of Anatomy, Guy's Hospital Medical School, London INTRODUCTION

More information

F ertilizability of Rabbit Ova after Removal of the Corona Radiata

F ertilizability of Rabbit Ova after Removal of the Corona Radiata F ertilizability of Rabbit Ova after Removal of the Corona Radiata M. C. CHANG, Ph.D., and J. M. BEDFORD, M.R.C.V.S." FRESHLY ovulated rabbit ova are surrounded by a mass of follicular cells in a mucous

More information

mouse, which show a combination of unusual properties. The

mouse, which show a combination of unusual properties. The EFFECT OF X-RAYS ON THE MUTATION OF t-alleles IN THE MOUSE MARY F. LYON M.R.C. Radiobio!ogica! Research Unit, Harwell, Berkshire Received 18.ix.59 1.!NTRODUCTtON THE t-alleles are a long series of recessive

More information

Gametogenesis. Omne vivum ex ovo All living things come from eggs.

Gametogenesis. Omne vivum ex ovo All living things come from eggs. Omne vivum ex ovo All living things come from eggs. William Harvery, 1651 Gametogenesis This lecture is the preface, so to speak, to embryology; that is, it introduces the development of the specialized

More information

Early Repair Processes in Marrow Cells Irradiated and Proliferating in Vivo1

Early Repair Processes in Marrow Cells Irradiated and Proliferating in Vivo1 RADIATION RESEARCH 18, 96-105 (1963) Early Repair Processes in Marrow Cells Irradiated and Proliferating in Vivo1 J. E. TILL AND E. A. McCULLOCH Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto,

More information

Embryology Lecture # 4

Embryology Lecture # 4 1 Quick Review: Oogenesis : - Oogonia start appear in the ovary when the age of the fetus 1 is th (5 week). - Then the Oogonia transformed into 1ry Oocyte. - 1ry Oocyte is surrounded by a follicle (cover).

More information

10.7 The Reproductive Hormones

10.7 The Reproductive Hormones 10.7 The Reproductive Hormones December 10, 2013. Website survey?? QUESTION: Who is more complicated: men or women? The Female Reproductive System ovaries: produce gametes (eggs) produce estrogen (steroid

More information

Female Reproductive Physiology. Dr Raelia Lew CREI, FRANZCOG, PhD, MMed, MBBS Fertility Specialist, Melbourne IVF

Female Reproductive Physiology. Dr Raelia Lew CREI, FRANZCOG, PhD, MMed, MBBS Fertility Specialist, Melbourne IVF Female Reproductive Physiology Dr Raelia Lew CREI, FRANZCOG, PhD, MMed, MBBS Fertility Specialist, Melbourne IVF REFERENCE Lew, R, Natural History of ovarian function including assessment of ovarian reserve

More information

Effect of PMSG on follicular atresia in the immature rat

Effect of PMSG on follicular atresia in the immature rat Effect of PMSG on follicular atresia in the immature rat ovary Ruth H. Braw and A. Tsafriri Department of Hormone Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Summary. Administration of

More information

Occurrence of polyovular follicles and its possible significance in the ovary of the bat, Scotophilus heathi

Occurrence of polyovular follicles and its possible significance in the ovary of the bat, Scotophilus heathi Biol Res 31: 75-80 (1998) Occurrence of polyovular follicles and its possible significance in the ovary of the bat, Scotophilus heathi UP SINGH, J DOVAL and A KRISHNA* Department of Zoology, Bañaras Hindu

More information

Technique. glycerol fixative (90:10 v/v). After 4 days in this fixative, they were transferred to a

Technique. glycerol fixative (90:10 v/v). After 4 days in this fixative, they were transferred to a 25 A rapid technique for the histological examination of large ovarian follicles M. A. DRIANCOURT, J. C. MARIANA E. PALMER Station de Physiologie de la Reproduction, J.N.R.A., Nouzilly, 37380 Monnaie,

More information

Summary. Follicular oocytes were examined at various times preceding

Summary. Follicular oocytes were examined at various times preceding THE TIME SEQUENCE OF OVUM MATURATION IN THE RAT A. TSAFRIRI and P. F. KRAICER Biodynamics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel (Received 8th April 1971, accepted 9th July 1971) Summary.

More information

by an increase in the ovarian content of acid mucopolysaccharides with a sub sequent tendency to develop polycystic ovaries (Thorsee 1961).

by an increase in the ovarian content of acid mucopolysaccharides with a sub sequent tendency to develop polycystic ovaries (Thorsee 1961). Connective Tissue Laboratory (Prof. G. Asboe-Hansen, M. D.), University Institute of Medical Anatomy, Copenhagen INHIBITION OF OVULATION AND CHANGES IN OVARIAN MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES INDUCED BY THYROIDECTOMY

More information

CYCLIC MOUSE. and NEENA B. SCHWARTZ INTRODUCTION

CYCLIC MOUSE. and NEENA B. SCHWARTZ INTRODUCTION TIMING OF LH RELEASE AND OVULATION IN THE CYCLIC MOUSE AUDREY S. BINGEL and NEENA B. SCHWARTZ Department of Physiology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. (Received 1st

More information

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GERM CELL KINETICS IN THE TESTES OF CHILDREN WITH UNILATERAL CRYPTORCHIDISM: A PRELIMINARY REPORT*

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GERM CELL KINETICS IN THE TESTES OF CHILDREN WITH UNILATERAL CRYPTORCHIDISM: A PRELIMINARY REPORT* FERTILITY AND STERILITY Copyright 1970 by the Williams & Wilkins Co. Vol. 21, No. 11, November 1970 Printed in U.S.A. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GERM CELL KINETICS IN THE TESTES OF CHILDREN WITH UNILATERAL

More information

Physiology of Male Reproductive System

Physiology of Male Reproductive System Physiology of Male Reproductive System the anterior pituitary gland serves as the primary control of reproductive function at puberty Ant Pituitary secretes FSH & large amounts of LH (ICSH) FSH & LH cause

More information

Growth pattern of the sex ducts in foetal mouse hermaphrodites

Growth pattern of the sex ducts in foetal mouse hermaphrodites /. Embryol. exp. Morph. 73, 59-68, 1983 59 Printed in Great Britain The Company of Biologists Limited 1983 Growth pattern of the sex ducts in foetal mouse hermaphrodites By C. YDING ANDERSEN 1, A. G. BYSKOV

More information

the Action o f Radium Rays upon the Cells o f Jensen's Rat Sarcoma.

the Action o f Radium Rays upon the Cells o f Jensen's Rat Sarcoma. Downloaded from http:rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on May 3, 2018 482 On the Action o f Radium Rays upon the Cells o f Jensen's Rat Sarcoma. By S. Buss, D.Sc.,* and H elen Chambers, M.D. (Communicated

More information

Mohammad. Renad zakaria ---

Mohammad. Renad zakaria --- 13 Mohammad Renad zakaria --- Before we start: - I didn t follow the record order, for organizing purposes. - I added extra information from our text box which is Guyton 12 th edition, pages 987-997, actually

More information

different ratios of PMSG and HCG on the occurrence of follicular haemorrhage THE induction of ovulation with PMSG and HCG in the rat has been studied

different ratios of PMSG and HCG on the occurrence of follicular haemorrhage THE induction of ovulation with PMSG and HCG in the rat has been studied Q. Jl exp. Physiol. (1968) 53, 129-135 THE INDUCTION OF OVULATION IN IMMATURE RATS TREATED WITH PREGNANT MARE'S SERUM GONADOTROPHIN AND HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN. By S. F. LUNN and E. T. BELL. From

More information

Maturation and Freezing of Bovine Oocytes

Maturation and Freezing of Bovine Oocytes Maturation and Freezing of Bovine Oocytes D. Mapes and M. E. Wells Story in Brief Immature bovine oocytes were aspirated from small to medium size follicles of bovine ovaries by needle and syringe. The

More information

THE INVESTIGATION reported in this article was devoted to an analysis of

THE INVESTIGATION reported in this article was devoted to an analysis of ..., Polyovular Follicles in the Immature Hamster Ovary II. The Effects of Gonadotropic Hormones on Polyovular Follicles CHARLES W. BODEMER, ph.d., AND STELLA WARNICK, B.A... THE INVESTIGATION reported

More information

PITUITARY HYPERPLASIA IN A MALE MOUSE AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRIN

PITUITARY HYPERPLASIA IN A MALE MOUSE AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRIN PITUITARY HYPERPLASIA IN A MALE MOUSE AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF OESTRIN HAROLD BURROWS (From The Research Institute of the Royal Cancer Hospital (Free), London, S.W.3) Several observers have noticed

More information

HANDOUT # 1 GAMETOGENESIS

HANDOUT # 1 GAMETOGENESIS Gametogenesis 1 HANDOUT # 1 GAMETOGENESIS Anatomy Department R.A. FADEL Gametogenesis 2 بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم ت هأ م وى }46 } ا نل و و ا زل و ج و ن و و و و و ن ه و أ ل ه ث وى }45{ إ ول ن أ و ة م ن ان

More information

of Rats Injected with Radioactive Cesium 137 KITABATAKE Takashi

of Rats Injected with Radioactive Cesium 137 KITABATAKE Takashi Spermatogenesis of Rats Injected with Radioactive Cesium 137 KITABATAKE Takashi (Received in June 1961) ABSTRACT Solution of radioactive cesium, 137Cs, was injected to rats intra peritoneally, and the

More information

Robert Edwards 2010 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. Photo by Jack Pearce, reproduced with permission

Robert Edwards 2010 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. Photo by Jack Pearce, reproduced with permission Robert Edwards 2010 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine Photo by Jack Pearce, reproduced with permission Year Discovery Key Authors 1954 DNA carries genetic information Crick, Franklin, Watson, Wilkins

More information

Phases of the Ovarian Cycle

Phases of the Ovarian Cycle OVARIAN CYCLE An ovary contains many follicles, and each one contains an immature egg called an oocyte. A female is born with as many as 2 million follicles, but the number is reduced to 300,000 to 400,000

More information

THE RESTORATION OF LOST ORGAN TISSUE* THE RATE AND DEGREE OF RESTORATION BY T. ADDIS, M.D., AND W. LEW

THE RESTORATION OF LOST ORGAN TISSUE* THE RATE AND DEGREE OF RESTORATION BY T. ADDIS, M.D., AND W. LEW Published Online: 1 March, 1940 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1084/jem.71.3.325 Downloaded from jem.rupress.org on November 20, 2018 THE RESTORATION OF LOST ORGAN TISSUE* THE RATE AND DEGREE OF RESTORATION

More information

Summary. Mouse eggs were fertilized in vitro, in the presence and

Summary. Mouse eggs were fertilized in vitro, in the presence and THE R\l=O^\LEOF CUMULUS CELLS AND THE ZONA PELLUCIDA IN FERTILIZATION OF MOUSE EGGS IN VITRO A. PAVLOK and ANNE McLAREN Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Libechov, Czechoslovakia,

More information

Chromosome Theory & Sex-Linked Transmission

Chromosome Theory & Sex-Linked Transmission Chromosome Theory & Sex-Linked Transmission (CHAPTER 3 & 5- Brooker Text) Feb 14, 2006 BIO 184 Dr. Tom Peavy - Maturation of the sperm in the epididymis - Mammalian sperm become capable of fertilizing

More information

In presenting the dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, I agree

In presenting the dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, I agree In presenting the dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology, I agree that the Library of the Institute shall make it available

More information

CHANGES IN LEVELS OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN THE BOVINE PITUITARY GLAND AT OVULATION

CHANGES IN LEVELS OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN THE BOVINE PITUITARY GLAND AT OVULATION CHANGES IN LEVELS OF FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN THE BOVINE PITUITARY GLAND AT OVULATION A. M. RAKHA and H. A. ROBERTSON The Division of Agricultural Biochemistry, Department

More information

9.4 Regulating the Reproductive System

9.4 Regulating the Reproductive System 9.4 Regulating the Reproductive System The Reproductive System to unite a single reproductive cell from a female with a single reproductive cell from a male Both male and female reproductive systems include

More information

Web Activity: Simulation Structures of the Female Reproductive System

Web Activity: Simulation Structures of the Female Reproductive System differentiate. The epididymis is a coiled tube found along the outer edge of the testis where the sperm mature. 3. Testosterone is a male sex hormone produced in the interstitial cells of the testes. It

More information

The Cell Life Cycle. S DNA replication, INTERPHASE. G 2 Protein. G 1 Normal THE CELL CYCLE. Indefinite period. synthesis. of histones.

The Cell Life Cycle. S DNA replication, INTERPHASE. G 2 Protein. G 1 Normal THE CELL CYCLE. Indefinite period. synthesis. of histones. Mitosis & Meiosis The Cell Life Cycle INTERPHASE G 1 Normal cell functions plus cell growth, duplication of organelles, protein synthesis S DNA replication, synthesis of histones THE CELL CYCLE M G 2 Protein

More information

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Sperm Penetration through the Zona Pellucida of Mouse Oocytes Fertilized in vitro

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Sperm Penetration through the Zona Pellucida of Mouse Oocytes Fertilized in vitro Scanning Electron Microscopic Observations on the Sperm Penetration through the Zona Pellucida of Mouse Oocytes Fertilized in vitro Masatsugu MOTOMURA and Yutaka TOYODA School of Veterinary Medicine and

More information

Threshold X-Irradiation Sterilization of the Ovary

Threshold X-Irradiation Sterilization of the Ovary Threshold X-Irradiation Sterilization of the Ovary Roberts Rugh, Ph.D., and Joan Wolff, B.A. X-IRRADIATION of the ovary may result in its sterilization,18. 1D although this gonad was once thought to be

More information

FREE-ROAMING HORSE AND BURRO FERTILITY CONTROL WORKSHOP Albuquerque, NM November 8, 2018

FREE-ROAMING HORSE AND BURRO FERTILITY CONTROL WORKSHOP Albuquerque, NM November 8, 2018 FREE-ROAMING HORSE AND BURRO FERTILITY CONTROL WORKSHOP Albuquerque, NM November 8, 2018 Current Contraceptive Use pzp GonaCon Porcine Zona Pellucida Antibodies to ZP3 Cons: Requires boosters Continuous

More information

5 15/3/2012. Malik Al-Momani

5 15/3/2012. Malik Al-Momani 5 15/3/2012 Malik Al-Momani بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم Spermatogenesis Note : Please refer to slides so see photos. Quick Revision : - Testis is divided by septum into testicular lobules, inside the lobules

More information

Spontaneous recovery of ovarian function and fertility after cancer treatment

Spontaneous recovery of ovarian function and fertility after cancer treatment Rigshospitalet The Fertility Clinic Copenhagen, Denmark Spontaneous recovery of ovarian function and fertility after cancer treatment Kirsten Tryde Macklon, Ph.D. 5th society of reproductive medicine and

More information

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF FEMALE MAMMAL

REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF FEMALE MAMMAL REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF FEMALE MAMMAL Fig. 8-12 Secondary follicles growing follicles increase in number of layers of granulosa cells Tertiary follicles maturing follicles antrum formation fluid filled space

More information

(From tlte Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge)

(From tlte Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, Cambridge) Published Online: 1 November, 1935 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1084/jem.62.5.665 Downloaded from jem.rupress.org on October 20, 2018 THE COMPARATIVE BEHAVIOR OF MAMMALIAN EGGS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO I.

More information

SEASONAL CHANGES IN HISTOLOGYOF THE THYROID GLAND CALOTIS VERSICOLOR

SEASONAL CHANGES IN HISTOLOGYOF THE THYROID GLAND CALOTIS VERSICOLOR SEASONAL CHANGES IN HISTOLOGYOF THE THYROID GLAND CALOTIS VERSICOLOR M. D. Kulkarni And A. H. Shinde Department of Zoology Yashwantrao Chavan Arts & Science College, Mangrulpir Dist. Washim. (Received

More information

Fresh and Frozen Ovary Tissue Transplants: Mechanism of Adult Primordial Follicle Recruitment And Fetal Oocyte Arrest

Fresh and Frozen Ovary Tissue Transplants: Mechanism of Adult Primordial Follicle Recruitment And Fetal Oocyte Arrest Fresh and Frozen Ovary Tissue Transplants: Mechanism of Adult Primordial Follicle Recruitment And Fetal Oocyte Arrest Locking and Unlocking: Oocyte Meiosis and PGC differentiation Yasui et al 2012 Factors

More information

IN normal male fowls, four developmental stages of spermatogenetic activity

IN normal male fowls, four developmental stages of spermatogenetic activity Development of the Testis Tubule in the Fowl By GAMAL A. R. KAMAR (From the Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt) With three plates (figs. 1-3) SUMMARY Three

More information

Chapter 46 ~ Animal Reproduction

Chapter 46 ~ Animal Reproduction Chapter 46 ~ Animal Reproduction Overview Asexual (one parent) fission (parent separation) budding (corals) fragmentation & regeneration (inverts) parthenogenesis Sexual (fusion of haploid gametes) gametes

More information

Spermatogenesis. I) Spermatocytogenesis: Spermatogonium Spermatid (2N, 4C) (1N, 1C) Genetic

Spermatogenesis. I) Spermatocytogenesis: Spermatogonium Spermatid (2N, 4C) (1N, 1C) Genetic Spermatogenesis I) Spermatocytogenesis: Spermatogonium Spermatid (2N, 4C) (1N, 1C) Genetic II) Spermiogenesis: Spermatid Spermatozoan (1N, 1C) (1N, 1C) Metamorphic - loss of cytoplasm - addition of flagellum

More information

THE EFFECT OF ROENTGEN RADIATION ON SPINAL GANGLIA OF ALBINO RATS

THE EFFECT OF ROENTGEN RADIATION ON SPINAL GANGLIA OF ALBINO RATS THE EFFECT OF ROENTGEN RADIATION ON SPINAL GANGLIA OF ALBINO RATS W. C. MA AND CHIEN-LIANG HSU (From the Departmt-nts of Anatomy and Radiology, Peiping Union M~dical College, Peiping, China) From the extensive

More information

EFFECTS OF DOSE ON THE INDUCTION OF DOMINANT-LETHAL MUTATIONS WITH TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE IN MALE MICE1

EFFECTS OF DOSE ON THE INDUCTION OF DOMINANT-LETHAL MUTATIONS WITH TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE IN MALE MICE1 EFFECTS OF DOSE ON THE INDUCTION OF DOMINANT-LETHAL MUTATIONS WITH TRIETHYLENEMELAMINE IN MALE MICE1 B. E. MATTER2 AND W. M. GENEROSO Biology Division, Ouk Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

More information

Identification of the spermatogenic stages in living seminiferous tubules of man

Identification of the spermatogenic stages in living seminiferous tubules of man Identification of the spermatogenic stages in living seminiferous tubules of man V. Nikkanen, K.-O. S\l=o"\derstr\l=o"\m and M. Parvinen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Central

More information

Structure of Ovaries

Structure of Ovaries Structure of Ovaries What Are Oocyte Accessory Cells? Follicle cells somatic connected by desmosomes, gap junctions, interdigitating microvilli for anchorage and exchange function in yolk transport, egg

More information

Experimental Neoplastic Formation in Embryonic Chick Brains

Experimental Neoplastic Formation in Embryonic Chick Brains Experimental Neoplastic Formation in Embryonic Chick Brains by BENGT KALLEN 1 From the Tornblad Institute of Comparative Embryology, Lund WITH TWO PLATES IN mammalian teratology, a malformation consisting

More information

SEX BEHAVIOUR AND SEX DETERMINATION IN CREPIDVLA FORNICATA L.

SEX BEHAVIOUR AND SEX DETERMINATION IN CREPIDVLA FORNICATA L. [34] SEX BEHAVIOUR AND SEX DETERMINATION IN CREPIDVLA FORNICATA L. BY JAN Z. WILCZYNSKI Lebanese State University, Beirut, Lebanon (Received 21 November 1957) INTRODUCTION The problem of sex determination

More information

"heat," which in the absence of coitus is generally very prolonged, there

heat, which in the absence of coitus is generally very prolonged, there CYCLICAL CHANGES IN THE VAGINA AND VULVA OF THE FERRET. By F. H. A. MARSHALL. From the Institute of Animal Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Cambridge. (With six figures in three plates.) THE changes that

More information

Morphometric Analysis of Foilicular Development. in the Rat

Morphometric Analysis of Foilicular Development. in the Rat BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 19, 597-65 (1978) Morphometric Analysis of Foilicular Development in the Rat ANNE N. HIRSHFIELD and A. REES MIDGLEY, JR.2 Reproductive Endocrinology Program. Division of Biological

More information

Cell cycle The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replicatio

Cell cycle The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replicatio Cell Division Cell cycle The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells.

More information

Endocrine Late Effects in Survivors of Pediatric SCT

Endocrine Late Effects in Survivors of Pediatric SCT Endocrine Late Effects in Survivors of Pediatric SCT Daphna Hutt Pediatric Hem-Onc & BMT Sheba Medical Center, Israel #EBMT2015 www.ebmt.org Stiller CA (2007). Childhood Cancer In Britain. Oxford University

More information

(Foulerton Student of the Royal Society).

(Foulerton Student of the Royal Society). 6I2.62I:6I2.OI8 STUDIES ON OVULATION. VI. Relative importance of concentration and absolute amount of the ovulation-producing hormone. BY F. W. ROGERS BRAMBELL AD A. S. PARKES (Foulerton Student of the

More information

FERTILITY PRESERVATION. Juergen Eisermann, M.D., F.A.C.O.G South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine South Miami Florida

FERTILITY PRESERVATION. Juergen Eisermann, M.D., F.A.C.O.G South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine South Miami Florida FERTILITY PRESERVATION Juergen Eisermann, M.D., F.A.C.O.G South Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine South Miami Florida 1 2 3 4 Oocyte Cryopreservation Experimental option Offer to single cancer

More information

IN VITRO OF MALIGNANT TUMORS.* BY ALEXIS CARREL AnD MONTROSE T. BURROWS.

IN VITRO OF MALIGNANT TUMORS.* BY ALEXIS CARREL AnD MONTROSE T. BURROWS. CULTIVATION IN VITRO OF MALIGNANT TUMORS.* BY ALEXIS CARREL AnD MONTROSE T. BURROWS. (From the Laboratories of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York.) Pr~AT~ LXXVII. The growth of malignant

More information

CHEMICALLY INDUCED BREAST TUMOURS AND THE MAMMARY TUM,OUR AGENT.

CHEMICALLY INDUCED BREAST TUMOURS AND THE MAMMARY TUM,OUR AGENT. 52 CHEMICALLY INDUCED BREAST TUMOURS AND THE MAMMARY TUM,OUR AGENT. L. DMOCHOWSKI AND J. W. ORR. From the Department of Experimental Pathology and Cancer Research, Medical School, University of Leeds,

More information

Effect of neonatal treatment with MSG (Monosodium glutamate) on thyroid of the adult male rats

Effect of neonatal treatment with MSG (Monosodium glutamate) on thyroid of the adult male rats Histol Histopathol (1 999) 14: 63-67 http://www.ehu.es/histol-histopathol Histology and Histopathology Effect of neonatal treatment with MSG (Monosodium glutamate) on thyroid of the adult male rats B.

More information

Reproductive System (Hormone Function) Physiology Department Medical School, University of Sumatera Utara

Reproductive System (Hormone Function) Physiology Department Medical School, University of Sumatera Utara Reproductive System (Hormone Function) Physiology Department Medical School, University of Sumatera Utara 1 Endocrine Control: Three Levels of Integration Hormones of the hypothalamic-anterior pituitary

More information

DRB666 Applied Developmental and Reproductive Biology (Spring 2013)

DRB666 Applied Developmental and Reproductive Biology (Spring 2013) DRB666 Applied Developmental and Reproductive Biology (Spring 2013) Director: 651 Ilalo Street, BSB163-3 e-mail: yyamazak@hawaii.edu Phone: (808) 692-1416 Instructors (e-mail): Steve Ward Yusuke Marikawa

More information

A comparison of the effects of estrus cow. nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes

A comparison of the effects of estrus cow. nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes A comparison of the effects of estrus cow serum and fetal calf serum on in vitro nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes J Spiropoulos, SE Long University of Bristol, School of Veterinary Science, Department

More information

Spermatogenesis Following Experimental Testicular Ischemia

Spermatogenesis Following Experimental Testicular Ischemia Spermatogenesis Following Experimental Testicular Ischemia Frank Hinman, Jr, MD, and Gilbert I Smith, MD REGENERATION of the spermatogenic elements of the testis after depression by testosterone and by

More information

Characterization of Anti-Hamster ZP-0 Monoclonal Antibody

Characterization of Anti-Hamster ZP-0 Monoclonal Antibody Characterization of Anti-Hamster ZP-0 Monoclonal Antibody K. Ookata (1), K.Takagishi (1), S. Konno (2) and T. Oikawa(1,2) (1) Developmental and Reproductive Biology Center, Yamagata 990, Japan and (2)

More information

Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse embryos

Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse embryos /. Embryol. exp. Morph. Vol. 64, pp. 133-147, 1981 133 Printed in Great Britain Company of Biologists Limited 1981 Proliferation and migration of primordial germ cells during compensatory growth in mouse

More information

Should we offer fertility preservation to all patients with severe endometriosis?

Should we offer fertility preservation to all patients with severe endometriosis? Should we offer fertility preservation to all patients with severe endometriosis? Daniel S. Seidman, MD Department of Ob/Gyn, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University Endometriosis

More information

Oogenesis. Key Concepts. Female Reproductive Tract

Oogenesis. Key Concepts. Female Reproductive Tract Oogenesis 1 Key Concepts Female Reproductive Tract Ovary Oogenesis Follicles Ovulation Corpus Luteum Molecular Activity Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) 2 Female Reproductive Tract Ovary Oviduct Uterus Vagina

More information

THE INDICATIONS FOR, advantages and disadvantages of insemination have

THE INDICATIONS FOR, advantages and disadvantages of insemination have Fertility as Evaluated by Artificial Insemination Sheldon Payne, M.D., and Robert F. Skeels, M.D. THE INDICATIONS FOR, advantages and disadvantages of insemination have been reviewed and presented before

More information

Chapter 26: Reproductive Systems. Male 11/29/2015. Male reproductive system is composed of... BIO 218 Fall Gonads (testes)

Chapter 26: Reproductive Systems. Male 11/29/2015. Male reproductive system is composed of... BIO 218 Fall Gonads (testes) Chapter 26: Reproductive Systems BIO 218 Fall 2015 Male Male reproductive system is composed of... Gonads (testes) Duct system (epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, urethra) Accessory sex glands

More information

INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS. If you want to become a parent after cancer, we would like to give you the information you need to make that happen.

INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS. If you want to become a parent after cancer, we would like to give you the information you need to make that happen. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION 1 MEN Fertility Risks 2 Fertility Preservation Options 3 Possible Fertility Outcomes 4 Parenthood After Cancer Options 5 Important Tips for Men 6 WOMEN Fertility

More information

High temperature injuries in tomato. V. Fertilization and development of embryo with special reference to the abnormalities caused by high temperature

High temperature injuries in tomato. V. Fertilization and development of embryo with special reference to the abnormalities caused by high temperature High temperature injuries in tomato. V. Fertilization and development of embryo with special reference to the abnormalities caused by high temperature SHUICHI IWAHORI Faculty of Agriculture, University

More information

Ovary. Ovary is the female gonad or sex gland. Gonad: an organ that produces gametes; a testis or ovary.

Ovary. Ovary is the female gonad or sex gland. Gonad: an organ that produces gametes; a testis or ovary. Ovary The ovary is composed of two parts: Outer cortex : houses the follicels. Inner medulla: is the middle region composed of connective tissue, blood vessels and lymphatics. Ovary is the female gonad

More information

DATE: NAME: CLASS: Chapter 14 Test

DATE: NAME: CLASS: Chapter 14 Test Multiple Choice Questions Decide which of the choices best completes the statement or answers the question. Locate that question number on the separate answer sheet provided. Use the procedure described

More information