Management of apple pests: codling moth, leafrollers, lacanobia, and stink bugs
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1 Milton-Freewater Horticulture Society Annual Meeting Management of apple pests: codling moth, leafrollers, lacanobia, and stink bugs Jay Brunner, Mike Doerr and Keith Granger WSU-TFREC, Wenatchee
2 EPA Decision on Guthion Phase Out 2007 limit of 4 lb ai/a 4 appl limit of 3 lb ai/a 3 appl limit of 2 lb ai/a 2 appl limit of 1.5 lb ai/a 1 appl. Regulatory action is a major driving force requiring changes in IPM programs. There is little chance that regulatory action on older insecticides will change
3 Most replacements for organophosphate insecticides impact control of two key pests, Codling moth and Leafrollers Insecticide Chemical name Intrepid Esteem Rimon Altacor Belt Assail Calypso Success Delegate Proclaim HMO CM virus Bt methoxyfenozide pyriproxyfen novaluron rynaxypyr flubendiamide acetamiprid thiacloprid spinosad spinetoram emamectin benzoate oil virus Bacillus thuringiensis Class code Codling moth Leafroller ovicidal larvicidal larvicidal 18A x x X 7C X X 15 X X 28 X X X 28 X X 4 x X 4 x X 5 x X 5 X X 6 x X -- X -- X 11A X
4 Most replacements for organophosphate insecticides impact control of two key pests, Codling moth and Leafrollers Insecticide Chemical name Intrepid Esteem Rimon Altacor Belt Assail Calypso Success Delegate Proclaim HMO CM virus Bt methoxyfenozide pyriproxyfen novaluron rynaxypyr flubendiamide acetamiprid thiacloprid spinosad spinetoram emamectin benzoate oil virus Bacillus thuringiensis Class code Codling moth Leafroller ovicidal larvicidal larvicidal 18A x x X 7C X X 15 X X 28 X X X 28 X X 4 x X 4 x X 5 x X 5 X X 6 x X -- X -- X 11A X
5 Most labels will show the insecticide group number which identifies the class of insecticide to which it belongs. This information is important to the implementation of a sound resistance management program.
6 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Mating Disruption Foundation of a sound IPM program in apple. Use it! Reduces the population All chemical control programs work better
7 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Mating Disruption helps chemical control programs Reduce number of sprays Reduces trips through orchard Important resistance management tool
8 Hand-applied dispensers remain the most reliable technology available. Reducing point sources per acre increases risk of fruit injury or requires more supplemental insecticides to achieve desired levels of control. Mating Disruption Issues important to success Percent Fruit injury CTT 50 CTT 100 CTT 200 Isomate C-plus C - plus 400 Check Mate NoMate Isomate CTT QuickTime and a TIFF (LZW) decompressor are needed to see this picture.
9 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Residual Ovicides Best use for insect growth regulators Intrepid, Rimon, Esteem, maybe Altacor Petal fall spray Delay codling moth injury Good leafroller timing Delayed tank mix or cover spray strategies Shorten retreatment intervals
10 Ovicides for Codling Moth Control Egg Leaf Residue Esteem, Rimon, Intrepid and possibly Altacor can provide residual control of codling moth eggs.
11 Residual Ovicides Most efficient use of Intrepid, Rimon, Esteem & (Altacor) Avg CM inj/ 25 fruit Untreated Standard 1st larvicide (250 DD) May 22-May 24-May 26-May 30-May 31-May Date (DD after biofix)
12 Residual Ovicides Most efficient use of Intrepid, Rimon, Esteem & (Altacor) Petal Fall application provides LR control and suppression of CM injury Allows delay of first larvicide application Optimizes larvicide sprays, or tank mixes Avg CM inj/ 25 fruit Rimon 100DD Intrepid 200DD Esteem 200DD Untreated Standard 1st larvicide (250 DD) Delay CM Larvicide Timing (350 DD) May 22-May 24-May 26-May 30-May 31-May Date (DD after biofix)
13 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Topical Ovicides Oil (at least 1% v:v) Helps coverage Penetration into cuticle Kills eggs Assail/Calypso Ovicidal activity helps efficacy No leafroller activity Not suitable for petal fall
14 Ovicides for Codling Moth Control Egg Topical Leaf Oil, Assail, Calypso, Esteem, Rimon, and Intrepid provide control of codling moth egg when applied over the top of eggs already laid.
15 Topical Ovicides How much do these add to program Intrepid, Rimon, and Esteem only control 1-day-old eggs when applied TOPICALLY Mortality at LC Intrepid Rimon Esteem Assail 0 1-d-old 3-d-old 5-d-old Age of eggs
16 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Larvicides Fast acting control of larvae Guthion, Imidan Assail/Calypso Altacor * Delegate Pyrethroids Virus (fruit protection limited)
17 Alternatives to OP Insecticides 28 5 Altacor (rynaxypyr) by DuPont New class of insecticide - acts on muscle function. EUP used on limited acreage in Full registration is expected in early Delegate (spinetoram) by Dow New spinosyn insecticide (same class as Success) Full registration was granted late in 2007.
18 Altacor (rynaxypyr) by DuPont Provides very good control of codling moth and leafroller in field trials. Long residual activity - 17 to 21 days. Good spray coverage essential. Percent Injured Fruit after 2nd CM Generation 6-site Average 1st Generation % damaged fruit percent damaged fruit Belt Calypso Altacor Check Altacor Standard
19 Delegate (spinetoram) by Dow Agroscience Provides good control of codling moth and very good control of leafroller in field trials. Moderate residual activity days. Good spray coverage essential. Entries per fruit Delegate applied at high rate on 14 day retreatment interval (6 applications) provides good control of codling moth - equal to Guthion applied 4 times (21 day retreatment interval) Delegate 25WG Success 2SC Assail 30SG Calypso 4F Guthion 50WP Check
20 Attack codling moth at as many places in the life cycle as possible! Larvicides Fast acting control of larvae Guthion, Imidan Assail/Calypso Altacor * Delegate Pyrethroids Virus (fruit protection limited)
21 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban
22 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban Proclaim Success Belt Bt OR Altacor Intrepid Rimon Esteem
23 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban Proclaim Success Belt Bt OR Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Intrepid Virus Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Intrepid virus Altacor Intrepid Rimon Esteem
24 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban Proclaim Success Belt Bt OR Oil Assail Calypso Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Intrepid Virus Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Intrepid virus Altacor Intrepid Rimon Esteem
25 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban Proclaim Success Belt Bt OR Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso virus Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Intrepid virus Altacor Intrepid Rimon Esteem
26 Targets & Treatments SJS, LR Mite eggs LR (larva) LR&CM (egg) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (egg) CM (larva) CM (larva) Delayed dormant Petal fall DD 200 DD 1st cover 250 DD Delayed 1st cover 350 DD 2nd cover DD Oil Lorsban Proclaim Success Belt Bt OR Altacor Intrepid Rimon Esteem + Tank mix strategy Delegate Altacor Assail Calypso Virus AND Intrepid Rimon Esteem?
27 Targets & Treatments Petal fall - leafroller + CM ovicide No. Adults No. Eggs No. Larvae Number Present Delayed 1st spray Tank mix Degree-Days from Biofix
28 Targets & Treatments Petal fall - leafroller + CM ovicide No. Adults No. Eggs No. Larvae Number Present Delayed 1st spray Tank mix Eggs which would hatch here were killed by the ovicide in the tank mix. Need for an additional spray would be based on pest pressure Degree-Days from Biofix
29 Resistance Management Concepts Number Present Class A in 1st generation e.g. Delegate No. Adults No. Eggs No. Larvae Class B in 2nd generation e.g. Altacor Degree-Days from Biofix
30 Resistance Management Concepts Number Present Class A in 1st generation No. Adults No. Eggs No. Larvae Class C & D in 2nd generation e.g. Oil and virus Degree-Days from Biofix
31 Leafroller Management with New Insecticides Product Efficacy Speed of action Proclaim Excellent Very fast Success Excellent* Fast Delegate Excellent Fast Intrepid Good* Moderate Altacor Excellent Moderate Belt --- Moderate Rimon Good Slow Esteem Good Slow & Delayed Bt products Good Slow * Some populations of leafroller are resistant to this product.
32 Codling Moth Management with New Insecticides Product Efficacy Residual activity Assail Good days Calypso Good days Delegate Good 14 days Intrepid Fair* 14 days Altacor Very good days Belt Fair/Poor need more inform. Rimon Good days Esteem Good days Virus Fair 7-10 days Oil Fair (topical only) * Some populations of leafroller are resistant to this product.
33 How will you make the best decisions on implementing use of new insecticides as you transition away from OP products? Insecticide Chemical name Intrepid methoxyfenozide Esteem pyriproxyfen Rimon novaluron Altacor rynaxypyr Belt Assail flubendiamide acetamiprid Calypso thiacloprid Success spinosad Delegate spinetoram Proclaim emamectin benzoate HMO oil CM virus virus Bt Bacillus thuringiensis Codling moth Leafroller Class code ovicidal larvicidal larvicidal 18A x x X 7C X X 15 X X 28 X X X 28 X X 4 x X 4 x X 5 x X 5 X X 6 x X -- X -- X 11A X
34 WSU has developed recommendations for use of new insecticides. You should also take advantage of the WSU IPM Decision Aids - a real-time web-based tool for accessing models and pest management advice.
35 Pest Management Transition Project Web Site
36 Questions on Management of Codling Moth or Leafroller
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