Index. urologic.theclinics.com. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.

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1 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant, Adolescents, urinary tract infections in, Aminoglycosides, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 Amphotericin B deoxycholate, for candiduria, 476 Antibiotic prophylaxis, for urologic surgery in patients with artificial joint replacement and artificial heart valves, preprostate biopsy rectal culture and postbiopsy sepsis, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 533 Antibiotic resistance, emerging drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, drugs of last resort, 499 extended-spectrum beta-lactamasecontaining bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemaseproducing organisms, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, strategies to prevent resistance, impact on guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, 550 in funguria, in pregnancy, 550 Antibiotic treatment, of infected kidney stones, of infections associated with penile prostheses and artificial sphincters, of sexually transmitted infections, of urinary tract infections, and bacteriuria in pregnancy, and bacteriuria in the elderly, and neurogenic bladder, asymptomatic bacteriuria in noncatheterized adults, fungal, pediatric, Arthroplasty. See Joint replacement. Artificial heart valves, implant-associated infections with genitourinary procedures in patients with, Urol Clin N Am 42 (2015) /15/$ see front matter Ó 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. antibiotic prophylaxis for, Artificial joint replacements, implant-associated infections with genitourinary procedures in patients with, antibiotic prophylaxis for, Artificial urinary sphincters, infections associated with, approach to, 490 erosions and, guide to implantation, microorganisms involved in, 490 Ascorbic acid, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 532 Aspergillosis, 480 Asymptomatic bacteriuria, in noncatheterized adults, basic science of, fimbriae, 540 growth factors, 541 host factors, lipolysaccharides, 540 toxins, 540 use as biotherapeutics, 541 definitions, epidemiology, in diabetic patients, Infectious Diseases Society of America Recommendations, translational barriers to application of, in pregnancy, definition, 552 epidemiology, 552 follow-up and prevention, 554 screening, significance, 553 treatment, 554 in the elderly, B Bacteremia, sources of, in patients with artificial joint replacements or heart valves, urologic.theclinics.com

2 570 Index Bacteria, emerging drug-resistant gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, extended-spectrum beta-lactamasecontaining, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemaseproducing organisms, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, Bacterial interference, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, Bacteriuria. See also Asymptomatic bacteriuria. and urinary tract infection in pregnancy, antimicrobials in, asymptomatic bacteriuria in, lower urinary tract (cystitis), 554 pathogenesis, 548 upper urinary tract in (pyelonephritis), urinary tract changes in, 548 and urinary tract infections in the elderly, definitions, 562 diagnostic challenges and controversy, 562 epidemiology, microbiology, 563 pathophysiology, 564 community-dwelling and long-term care facility residents, indwelling catheters, 566 risk factors, 563 asymptomatic, 564 chronic catheterization, 565 community-dwelling adults, institutionalized adults, 565 Bag specimen, urine collection in non-toilet-trained Bezoars, Biopsy, prostate. See Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Biotherapeutics, use of asymptomatic bacteriuria strains as, 541 Bladder irrigation, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 533 Blastomycosis, 480 C Calcium carbonate apatite, infection stones composed of, Candiduria, antimicrobial treatment, nonantimicrobial treatment, 478 patient evaluation, further, initial, 474 special situations, Carbapenems, bacteria resistant to, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacteriaceae, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemaseproducing, for UTIs and bacteriuria in Catheterization, chronic, use in the elderly, 565 intermittent chronic, and UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, Catheters, indwelling, use in the elderly, 566 Cephalosporins, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 550 Cervicitis, sexually transmitted infections that cause, 513 Chancroid, 512 Children. See Pediatric patients. Chlamydia infections, Chronic catheterization, use in the elderly, 565 Clindamycin, for UTIs and bacteriuria in Coccidiomycosis, 480 Community-dwelling adults, bacteriuria and UTI in elderly, Cranberry juice, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 532 Cryptococcosis, 480 Culture, rectal, before prostate biopsy, and postbiopsy sepsis, urine, in pediatric Cystitis, in pregnancy, 554 Cystourethrogram, voiding, in pediatric D D-Mannose, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 532 Daptomycin, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 Diabetic patients, asymptomatic bacteriuria in, Dimercaptosuccinic acid scan, in pediatric 523 Dipstick urinalysis, in pediatric patients, Drug resistance. See Antibiotic resistance. E Elderly, bacteria and urinary tract infections in, definitions, 562 diagnostic challenges and controversy, 562

3 Index 571 epidemiology, microbiology, 563 pathophysiology, 564 community-dwelling and long-term care facility residents, indwelling catheters, 566 risk factors, 563 asymptomatic bacteriuria, 564 chronic catheterization, 565 community-dwelling adults, institutionalized adults, 565 Endocarditis, risk in patients with artificial heart valves undergoing urologic procedures, Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant, Epididymitis, sexually transmitted infections that cause, 513 Erectile dysfunction, penile prostheses and artificial urinary sphincters for, infections due to, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-containing bacteria, epidemiology and risk factors, infections and treatment, 495 outcomes, 495 F Fimbriae, in asymptomatic bacteriuria, 540 Fluconazole, for candiduria, resistance to, 480 Flucytosine, for candiduria, 476 Fosfomycin, for UTIs and bacteriuria in Fungal urinary tract infections, candiduria, antimicrobial treatment, nonantimicrobial treatment, 478 patient evaluation, further, initial, 474 special situations, evaluation of outcome and long-term recommendations, non-candida, 480 aspergillosis, 480 blastomycosis, 480 coccidiormycosis, 480 cryptococcosis, 480 histoplasmosis, 480 mucormycosis, fluconazole resistance, 480 in cases of renal failure, toxicities, 481 Fungus balls, G Genital ulcers, sexually transmitted infections causing, herpes simplex virus, rare causes of, syphilis, Gonorrhea, 514 Gram-negative bacteria, emerging drug-resistant, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, drugs of last resort, 499 extended-spectrum beta-lactamasecontaining, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemaseproducing organisms, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, strategies to prevent resistance, Granuloma inguinale, 512 Growth factors, in asymptomatic bacteriuria, 541 H Heart valves, implant-associated infections with genitourinary surgery in patients with artificial, antibiotic prophylaxis for, Herpes simplex virus, Histoplasmosis, 480 Host factors, in asymptomatic bacteriuria, Human papilloma virus, treatment, 515 vaccine, 516 I Imaging, in workup of pediatric urinary tract infections, dimercaptosuccinic acid scan, renal bladder ultrasonography, 522 voiding cystourethrogram, 522 Immune dysfunction, and UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 530 Implant-associated infections, genitourinary procedures in patients with artificial joint implants or heart valves, antibiotic prophylaxis for, Indwelling catheters, use in the elderly, 566

4 572 Index Infection stone. See Kidney stones. Infectious Diseases Society of America, recommendations for asymptomatic bacteriuria, translational barriers to application of, J Joint replacements, implant-associated infections with genitourinary procedures in patients with artificial, antibiotic prophylaxis for, K Kidney stones, treatment of infected, infection stones, pharmacologic treatment, surgical treatment, treatment resistance and complications, 467 obstructive pyelonephritis, pharmacologic treatment, 464 surgical treatment, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing organisms, L Linezolid, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 Lipopolysaccharides, in asymptomatic bacteriuria, 540 Live biotherapeutics, use of asymptomatic bacteriuria strains as, 541 Long-term care facilities, bacteriuria and UTIs in elderly residents of, treatment, 565 Lower urinary tract infections, in pregnancy, 554 Lymphogranuloma venereum, 512 M Macrolides, for UTIs and bacteriuria in Microscopic analysis, of urine, in pediatric Monobactams, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 550 Mucormycosis, 480 Multidrug resistance. See Antibiotic resistance. Multiple sclerosis, urinary tract infection and neurogenic bladder in, Mycoplasma genitalium infection, 514 Mycoplasma hominis infection, 514 N Neurogenic bladder, urinary tract infection and, bladder dysfunction, 528 catheter use, diagnosis, 530 epidemiology, immune dysfunction, 530 monitoring for infection, pathogenesis, 528 prevention, antibiotic prophylaxis, 533 bacterial interference, probiotics, bladder irrigation, 533 cranberry, D-mannose, ascorbic acid, 532 onabotulinum toxin A, 533 treatment, urinary stasis and increased postvoid residual, 528 New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase, 497 Nitrofurantoin, for UTIs and bacteriuria in Nursing homes. See Long-term care facilities. O Obstructive pyelonephritis, pharmacologic treatment, 464 surgical treatment, Onabotulinum toxin A, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, 533 P Parenteral antibiotics, for UTIs in pediatric patients, 524 Parkinson disease, urinary tract infection and neurogenic bladder in, Partner notification, with sexually transmitted infections, 516

5 Index 573 Pediatric patients, workup of urinary tract infections in, history and physical, in adolescents, 520 in children aged 2 to 12 years, 520 in children less than 2 years of age, 520 imaging, dimercaptosuccinic acid scan, renal bladder ultrasonography, 522 voiding cystourethrogram, 522 in adolescent boys, 521 in adolescent girls, 520 specimen collection in non-toilet-trained bag specimen, 521 suprapubic aspiration, 521 urethral catheterization, 521 treatment, course, oral antibiotics, 524 parenteral antibiotics, 524 renal scarring, 524 urine testing, culture, 522 dipstick urinalysis, microscopic urinalysis, 522 serum tests, 522 Penicillins, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 550 Penile prostheses, infections associated with, acute and chronic, 486 effect of antibacterial coatings, 488 prevention of, intraoperative measures, 489 patient preparation, 489 preoperative antibiotics, 489 salvage reimplantation, superficial skin vs prosthesis infections, treatment, Pregnancy, urinary tract infection and bacteriuria in, antimicrobials in, asymptomatic bacteriuria in, lower urinary tract (cystitis), 554 pathogenesis, 548 upper urinary tract in (pyelonephritis), urinary tract changes in, 548 Probiotics, preventing UTIs in patients with neurogenic bladder, Prophylaxis. See Antibiotic prophylaxis. Prostate biopsy. See Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Pseudomonas, multidrug-resistant, Pyelonephritis, in pregnancy, diagnosis, epidemiology, 554 Q significance, 554 treatment, 555 obstructive, pharmacologic treatment, 464 surgical treatment, Quinolones, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 R Rectal swab, before transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, and post-biopsy infectious complications, current guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis implications of antimicrobial resistance incidence of infectious complications, original data supporting, Renal bladder ultrasonography, in pediatric Renal scarring, from UTIs in pediatric patients, 524 Resistance. See Antibiotic resistance. S Sepsis, after prostate biopsy, impact of pre-biopsy rectal culture on, Serum tests, as measures of UTIs in pediatric Sexually transmitted infections, causing condyloma, human papilloma virus, causing genital ulcers, herpes simplex virus, rare causes of, syphilis, causing urethritis, epididymitis, cervicitis, and vaginal discharge, 513 chlamydial infection, clinical presentation, 513 diagnosis, 513 gonorrhea, 514 trichomoniasis, 514 partner notification and treatment, 516 Sphincters, artificial urinary. See Artificial urinary sphincters.

6 574 Index Spina bifida, urinary tract infection and neurogenic bladder in, Spinal cord injury, urinary tract infection and neurogenic bladder in, Staghorn calculi, 459 Stones. See Kidney stones. Struvite, infection stones composed of, Sulfonamides, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, Suprapubic aspiration, urine collection in non-toilettrained Surgery. See Urologic surgery. Syphilis, clinical presentation, 508 diagnostic testing, treatment, 511 T Tetracyclines, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 Toxins, in asymptomatic bacteriuria, 540 Translational barriers, to Infectious Diseases Society of America Recommendations for asymptomatic bacteriuria, Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, efficacy of rectal culture before, current guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis antimicrobial resistance and its implications incidence of infectious complications, original data supporting pre-biopsy rectal swab, rectal swab and post-biopsy infectious complications, Trichomoniasis, 514 Trimethoprim, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, U Ulcers, sexually transmitted infections causing genital, herpes simplex virus, rare causes of, syphilis, Ultrasonography, renal bladder, in pediatric Ultrasound-guided biopsy, prostate. See Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Upper urinary tract infections, in pregnancy, Ureaplasma urealyticum infection, 514 Urethral catheterization, urine collection in non-toilettrained Urethritis, sexually transmitted infections that cause, 513 Urinary sphincters, artificial. See Artificial urinary sphincters. Urinary tract infections (UTI), asymptomatic bacteriuria in noncatheterized adults, fungal, candiduria, evaluation of outcome and long-term recommendations, non-candida, in pregnancy, antimicrobials in, asymptomatic bacteriuria in, lower (cystitis), 554 pathogenesis, 548 upper (pyelonephritis), urinary tract changes in, 548 in the elderly, definitions, 562 diagnostic challenges and controversy, 562 epidemiology, microbiology, 563 pathophysiology, 564 community-dwelling and long-term care facility residents, indwelling catheters, 566 risk factors, 563 asymptomatic bacteriuria, 564 chronic catheterization, 565 community-dwelling adults, institutionalized adults, 565 neurogenic bladder and, bladder dysfunction, 528 catheter use, diagnosis, 530 epidemiology, immune dysfunction, 530 monitoring for infection, pathogenesis, 528 prevention, antibiotic prophylaxis, 533 bacterial interference, probiotics, bladder irrigation, 533 cranberry, D-mannose, ascorbic acid, 532 onabotulinum toxin A, 533 treatment, urinary stasis and increased postvoid residual, 528 pediatric, workup of, history and physical, imaging, dimercaptosuccinic acid scan, renal bladder ultrasonography, 522 voiding cystourethrogram, 522

7 Index 575 in adolescent boys, 521 in adolescent girls, 520 specimen collection in non-toilet-trained treatment, course, oral antibiotics, 524 parenteral antibiotics, 524 renal scarring, 524 urine testing, culture, 522 dipstick urinalysis, microscopic urinalysis, 522 serum tests, 522 Urine testing, in pediatric patients, culture, 522 dipstick urinalysis, microscopic urinalysis, 522 serum tests, 522 Urologic surgery, in patients with artificial joint replacement or heart valves, Urosepsis, after prostate biopsy, impact of pre-biopsy rectal culture on, V Vaginal discharge, sexually transmitted infections that cause, 513 Vancomycin, for UTIs and bacteriuria in pregnancy, 552 Voiding cystourethrogram, in pediatric