Zenker s Diverticulum and CP Dysfunction
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1 Zenker s Diverticulum and CP Dysfunction Fact and Fiction Joshua S. Schindler, MD Assistant Professor Department of Otolaryngology ASHA 2011 San Diego November 18, 2010
2 Zenker s Diverticulum:
3 Zenker s Diverticulum
4 Zenker s Diverticulum Esophagus Sac
5 Myth 1: All posterior cervical diverticula are Zenker s diverticula
6 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum Originate below the CP muscle Often project laterally May account for 4/9 diverticula Implications for treatment? RLN Recurrence
7 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum
8 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum
9 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum
10 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum
11 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum
12 Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum Sac Esophagus
13 Forestier s Syndrome Dysphagia Cervical Osteophytes (DISH) Esophageal Diverticula Traction Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hypertrophy
14 Post-traumatic Diverticulum
15 Post-traumatic Diverticulum
16 Management of Zenker s Diverticula
17 Diverticulotomy: External Approaches st Attempted Drainage (Nicoladoni) st Attempted Excision (Niehaus) st Successful Excision (Wheeler) 1892 Diverticulectomy with 1 o Closure (Kocher) 1896 Endoluminal Inversion of the Sac (Girard) 1917 Diverticulopexy (Hill) 1936 CP Myotomy with Diverticulotomy (Aubin) Emil Theodor Kocher
18 Myth 2: Recent technological advances have allowed endoscopic treatment of Zenker s diverticula
19 Diverticulotomy: Endoscopic Approaches st Endoscopic Diathermy (Mosher) Harris P. Mosher
20 Diverticulotomy: Endoscopic Approaches st Endoscopic Diathermy (Mosher) 1960 Endoscopic Diathermy (Dohlman) Gosta Dohlman
21 Endoscopic Diverticulotomy Dohlman Esophagoscope
22 Diverticulotomy: Endoscopic Approaches st Endoscopic Diathermy (Mosher) 1960 Endoscopic Diathermy (Dohlman) 1981 Endoscopic CO 2 Laser (van Overbeek) Geza Jako
23 Endoscopic Diverticulotomy Challenges: Dohlman procedure Prone to recurrence Occasional mediastinitis/death Occasional stenosis Laser Diverticulotomy Variable success rates Variable (some high) recurrence rates Occasional fistula Rare mediastinitis/death Often multiple procedures Dohlman Esophagoscope
24 Diverticulotomy: Endoscopic Approaches USS EndoGIA 30 Stapler st Endoscopic Diathermy (Mosher) 1960 Endoscopic Diathermy (Dohlman) 1981 Endoscopic CO 2 Laser (van Overbeek) 1992 Endoscopic KTP Laser (Kuhn) 1993 Endoscopic GIA Stapler (Collard & Martin- Hisrch)
25 Staple-assisted (SA) Diverticulotomy Advantages: Minimally invasive Technically simple Safe Easy to repeat Fast Outpatient
26 Staple-assisted (SA) Diverticulotomy Limitations: Massive exposure Dental injuries Fails with small diverticula Kastenbauer-Wollenberg Diverticuloscope
27 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations
28 EndoGIA Stapler Limitations 27 mm 10 mm
29 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations 28 mm Diverticulum
30 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations 28 mm Diverticulum
31 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations 28 mm Diverticulum
32 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations 17 mm Diverticulum Minimal Length About cm for Staple-assisted Diverticulotomy
33 EndoGIA Stapler Modification Removal of Stapler Tip 27 mm 10 mm
34 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations EndoStitch Technique for Staple Purchase
35 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations EndoStitch Technique for Staple Purchase
36 SA Diverticulotomy Limitations EndoStitch Technique for Staple Purchase
37 Myth 3: If you make a hole in the pharynx and esophagus and don t close it the patient will get mediastinitis and die
38 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy 1.8 cm Sub 2 cm Zenker s Diverticulum
39 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy
40 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy Initial Cut
41 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy
42 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy Complete Division of Cricopharyngeus
43 Laser-assisted (LA) Diverticulotomy Exposure of Esophageal Serosa
44 LA Cricopharyngeal Myotomy Revision Following SA Diverticulotomy
45 LA Cricopharyngeal Myotomy Revision Following SA Diverticulotomy
46 Endoscopic Diverticulotomy OHSU Experience Patients 66 Endoscopic Procedures (94%) 16 Stapler-assisted (24%) 0 major complications 1 dental injury 50 Laser-assisted (76%) 0 major complications 3 SQ emphysema 1 dental injury
47 Myth 4: Cricopharyngeal dysfunction without Zenker s diverticulum can only be treated via open approach
48 Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction Cricopharyngeal Bar
49 Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction
50 Cricopharyngeal Botox Injection Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction
51 LA Cricopharyngeal Myotomy Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction
52 Myth 5: Massive diverticula require an open approach to successfully manage them
53 Massive Zenker s Diverticulum
54 Massive Zenker s Diverticulum
55 Massive Zenker s Diverticulum
56 Myth 6: All patients with Zenker s diverticulum will swallow better following treatment of the Zenker s diverticulum
57 Paraesophageal Hernia
58 Esophageal Dysmotility
59 Esophageal Dysmotility
60 Esophageal Dysmotility
61 Esophageal Dysmotility
62 Esophageal Dysmotility
63 Thank You Mt. Hood at Sunset
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