5W9 varicocele= Stress pattern5

Transcription

1 !!"$!" '((%& $%"! ;< /-.! $),+)* ), 9 F 9BC -@A?>*= AI%)'@A)H%H= G)* 9 F C@A'%*= G A)%;A' " MB /9 KLA,)%, J- C (()=C QR@A<%'= -! LPA?)%, N! FL VW$UL TSP=(% 01 ]C [\ XY ` V%\ XY _CT BVi0 $ gh$ fy /9i0 ]071 %,= *;I <(((!! )?<*G B@Johnson=P );?I )??HG $%!MB@I= ]C Qb V ;,I k C ba J - -K 9C9 J@Pampiniform= "MT L P J CT ` c L c J! \ T B \ K G UJ -

2 $ -9 V.7C / R -9-9 $ h Y h )<j)?ji(= W9 m@subclinical Y s% 9 v 90 CT XY 9 $%mc v %& $% B\pB- G-p$ mc PT )( cross=@sectional -. / wr 67 \Y '( B random pv 9 $% V /9A);x1 pc1 AH%\x1A?;! U-9 '(($% ` LhR;,; -9 $ ),y)* R);( 94z$% 0 L f -9 $ U$% $ $% \V= ]07` RI*9- NW1$%@ $ f $% _ - / B B T T QYK! -9 KL )(?? d $% A<) $ \ C i0 N! )(A;%*! _$),A)?%H _$ l&- -!. 49 / $ -A,(-!.7C L 07 GK\ M &- 0Y J 0Y_ M n- m U0 9 Qo - " h N 0 L UfY p Rb CT 1 $ V N! $ Qq B J d pc1 B A*( J Stress pattern R t!= s%r b $

3 $UL $% q J "4 U -9 ;< -9 '(( 0! )' G); 9@A'%<=)I G), 9 %HH=I(G)' 9@A)(%'*= G)* KLR;< " % '= R C]C -! " $1 $ v $ -9mc$P$B Jw$ P $P$ Y b U { U w$ $P$ Y $P$ ]b@<=9&0 " w$ W -9R - G c χ" RA?;! U $% 0h -9 varicocele=$ h R t% a VNb u7c 0T ' &% $$"!. ' &- +, ()*&' / %! % "!4 %!" 6%! 7% "!7!6%! " %!6 "!!% "6 % 7 %!! "% 4! % 7!%7 "%!!. 9' } UJ@A;%<'=RH, -9 J44@A,)%,=RI, U KLH'@A*%*=" "U KL)H L! pb! J -@A**%<=*HU mptri'mptr)< \ GPTR),R;<

4 ); )%'l =$),+)* $%!" f1$% e j?=&% A?+);1 L /9 Y s% UP& B\ 9 }BC ]07 9 Y -~ "=i0 0% 9 T % J} "4 U-` MB \ J pp$\ GK\ \ QFL }BC Cv myqb J- c JR@` = TQ [.\ XY90 m` BJ Y \V L $%9 7@1 = hb Q. XYL 1T 9 LP MB!L K $ B JnY NK\B CC! -! $pky T 9pC4 V m` 1 GL J -VfY C9G1 \ $ " e]cv a %\ fy90 [.\ 9m v m` B pv! C Summary Prevalence of Varicocele in High School Students in Kerman AA. Ketabchi, M 1 1. Assistant Professor of Urology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kerman, Iran This cross-sectional study planned to investigate the prevalence of varicocele among students aged 14 to 17 years in Kerman. Six hundred students were chosen by multistage sampling and they were examined for presence of varicocele. The highest rate of prevalence was seen among 17 year old (1.%) and the lowest (6.67%) in 14 year old students..16% of the cases suffered from varicocele grade I, 6% from grade II and 1.% from grade III. Atrophy of the testis was observed in 41% of the patients. Left side involvement was detected in 91.4% of the cases, and involvement of both sides was detected in.6% of cases with significant difference (P<0.001). There was a positive relationship between age and the prevalence of the disorder. There was no statistically significant relationship between the order of male birth and the probablity for developing varicocele. With regard to high prevalence rate of varicocele, and in order to prevent undesirable complications such as infertility, it is advised to examine the boys annualy for varicocele detection before entering high school and up to marriage. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 199; () 1-17 Key Words Varicocele, Testicular atrophy, Students

5 Refferences 1. Gorelick JI and Goldstein M. Loss of fertility in men with varicocele. Fertil Steril 199; 9() Johnson, Poni R, Rivera - correa H. Varicocele An innocnons condition. South Med J 197; Kass J and Belman AB. Reversal of testicular growth failure by varicocele ligation. J Urol Baltimore 197; 17() Kim SH, Cho SW, Kim H, Chung JW, Park JH and Han MC. Nutcracker Syndrome iagnosis with oppler US. Radiology 1996; 19(1) Lund L, Hojgaard-Rasmussen H and mst. Asymptomatic varicocele testis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 199; 7() Lund L and Nielsen AH. Color doppler sonography in assessment of varicocele testis Scand J Urol Nephrol 1994; () Lyon RP, Marshall S and Scott MP. Varicocele in childhood and adolescence Implication in adulthood infertility; Urology 19; 19(6) Macleod J. Further observation on the role of varicocele in human male infertility. Fertil Steril 196; Macleod J and Munro J Clinical examination, 7 th edition, Churchil Livingstone, 197; pp Marsman JWP. Clinical versus subclinical varicocele Venographic findings and mprovement of fertility after embolization. Radiology 19; 1() Mellins H. Radiology of the urinary tract Urography and cystoure thrography In Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perimutter A and Stamey TA. (ds). Campbells's Urology. 6 th ed., Philadelphia. W.B. Saunders Company. 199; pp Minevich, Wacksmen J, Lewis AG and Sheldon CA. Inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in the adolescent technique and preliminary results. J Urol 199; 19() Okuyama A, Nakamura M, Namiki M, et al. Surgical repair of varicocele at puberty preventive treatment for fertility improvement. J Urol 19; 19() Sherin S RJ and Howards SS. Male Infertility In Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perimutter A and Stamey TA. (ds). Campbells's Urology. 6 th ed., Philadelphia. W.B. Saunders Company. 199; pp Spencer WG Celsus de Medicina (with an nglish translation). Cambridge, Harvard University Press, Takada T, Kitamura M, Matsumiya K, et al. Infrared thermometry for rapid, non invasive detection of reflux of spermatic vein in varicocele. J Urol 1996; 16() Tanagho A. Amatomy of the lower urinary tract. In Walsh PC, Gittes RF, Perimutter A and Stamey TA. (ds). Campbells's Urology. 6 th ed., Philadelphia. W.B. Saunders Company. 199; pp Thon WF, Gall H, anz B, Bahren W and Sigmund G. Percutaneous sclerotherapy of idiopathic varicocele in childhood. J Urol 199; 141(4) Wyllie GG. Varicocele and puberty - the critical factor? Br J Urol 19; 7() Yamamoto M, Hibi H, Hirata Y, Miyake K and Ishigaki T. ffect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters and pregnancy rate in patients with subclinical varicocele J Urol 1996; Yarborough MA, Burns JR and Keller FS. Incidence and clinical significane of subclinical scrotal varicoceles. J Urol 199;