Name: Period: Date: Testing for Biological Macromolecules Lab

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Name: Period: Date: Testing for Biological Macromolecules Lab"

Transcription

1 Testing for Biological Macromolecules Lab Introduction: All living organisms are composed of various types of organic molecules, such as carbohydrates, starches, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. These substances, contained in the foods we eat, provide us with the energy and cellular building blocks necessary for life. Several of these molecules can be detected by simple chemical tests. In today s lab, you will perform tests to determine carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, and apply these tests to unknowns. Carbohydrates Background: Sugars are small carbohydrate molecules used as a source of energy by all organisms and manufactured in the chloroplasts of plants. There are many kinds of carbohydrate molecules, all of which are made up of various arrangements of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The simplest carbohydrates are monosaccharides, or simple sugars, such as glucose and fructose. Disaccharides consist of two bonded monosaccharides. Examples of disaccharides include lactose, the sugar contained in milk; sucrose, common table sugar; and maltose. Polysaccharides are large macromolecules comprised of hundreds or thousands of linked monosaccharides. Some of these polysaccharides are broken down as needed for energy. A common polysaccharide, starch, is a storage polysaccharide found in plants. Other polysaccharides serve a structural function, such as cellulose, a polysaccharide that is the main component in plant cell walls and is the most abundant organic compound on earth. Testing for Monosaccharides (Simple Sugars): To test for the presence of simple sugars (monosaccharides) you will use a solution known as Benedict s Reagent. Benedict s reagent is a clear blue solution due to the cupric copper ion (Cu ++ ) present, but when combined and heated to boiling with a substance containing a monosaccharide, the cupric ions are reduced to insoluble red cuprous ions (Cu + ). Therefore, a positive reaction in a Benedict s solution test will change the clear light blue solution to a green and then to an orange-brown color. Disaccharides do not react with the Benedict s reagent. 1. Prepare the test tubes according to Table Place all test tubes in a boiling water bath for approximately 3-5 minutes 3. Remove all test tubes and record results Table 1 Test Solutions Benedict s Reagent 1. Water 5ml 5 drops 2. 1% Glucose 5ml 5 drops 3. 1% Lactose 5 ml 5 drops 4. 1% Starch 5ml 5 drops Color of solution Before heating After heating Presence of monosaccharides?

2 Testing for Polysaccharides: To test for the presence of starch you will use a solution known as Iodine (IKI). If a polysaccharide such as starch is present in the presence of iodine, the iodine will lodge itself in the polysaccharide chain and give it a black-blue color. Therefore, if solution turns black-blue when iodine is added to it, then starch is present. If the solution remains the color of iodine, reddish-orange, there is no starch. 1. Prepare the well plates according to Table Record results Table 2 Test Solutions Iodine Color of solution Before adding iodine After adding iodine 1. Water 5 ml 5 drops 2. 1% Glucose 5 ml 5 drops 3. 1% Lactose 5 ml 5 drops 4. 1% Starch 5 ml 5 drops Presence of polysaccharide? Testing Carbohydrate Breakdown: To test for the breakdown of carbohydrates, you need to use an enzyme called amylase. Amylase is an enzyme found in your saliva that helps to break down polymers into monosaccharides. You are to perform the following procure to observe this process. 1. Put 6 ml of starch solution into test tube A 2. Add about 3 ml of amylase (saliva) to test tube A 3. Cover the open end of the test tube with parafilm and shake test tube 5 times to mix the substances BEGIN TIMING IMMEDIATELY AFTER STEP 3 AND EVERY 2 MINUTES YOU WILL. 4. Take small sample from test tube A and add to a clean test tube 5. Add 4 drops of Benedicts solution to the test tube with the small sample 6. Heat the test tube in a water bath for 1minute 7. Record color change 8. Clean the used test tube to be used again. 9. Repeat steps 4-8 every 2 minutes until you reach 14 minutes. Time Color Starch or simple sugar present

3 Testing For Proteins The Biuret Test is often used to determine the presence of the peptide bonds in protein. Peptide bonds are the bonds that are formed between amino acids (the monomers of proteins). 1. Add 3 ml of the sample A to a clean, dry test tube. 2. Add 2 ml of Biuret Reagent. 3. Shake well 4. Repeat steps 1-4 with sample B and C. 5. Allow the mixtures to stand for 5 minutes. 6. Observe any color change. Color of original Biuret Solution: Substance Color After Adding Biuret Test Result ( + or - ) For Protein A B C What substance was the protein solution? How do you know?

4 Testing Unknowns: Use the tests that you have just learned and mastered to determine the biological molecules present in the following unknowns A, B, C, D and E. You will determine which unknown is a monosaccharide, which is a disaccharide, which is a polysaccharide and which is water. You will complete the data table below as you complete your testing. Sample Macromolecule present Rationale A B C D E Additional Questions to be answered. 1. What is the role of water in this activity? 2. Summarize what you learned about testing for starch and simple sugars.

5 3. Explain the relationship between starches and simple sugars and the role of the amylase when added to starches. 4. What did you learn about testing for proteins?

For example, monosaccharides such as glucose are polar and soluble in water, whereas lipids are nonpolar and insoluble in water.

For example, monosaccharides such as glucose are polar and soluble in water, whereas lipids are nonpolar and insoluble in water. Biology 4A Laboratory Biologically Important Molecules Objectives Perform tests to detect the presence of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Recognize the importance of a control in a biochemical

More information

Learning Target: Describe characteristics and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Compare and contrast the classes of organic

Learning Target: Describe characteristics and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Compare and contrast the classes of organic Learning Target: Describe characteristics and functions of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Compare and contrast the classes of organic compounds. What are inorganic molecules? Molecules that CANNOT

More information

Organic Chemistry Worksheet

Organic Chemistry Worksheet Organic Chemistry Worksheet Name Section A: Intro to Organic Compounds 1. Organic molecules exist in all living cells. In terms of biochemistry, what does the term organic mean? 2. Identify the monomer

More information

6 The chemistry of living organisms

6 The chemistry of living organisms Living organisms are composed of about 22 different chemical elements. These are combined to form a great variety of compounds. Six major elements make up almost 99% of the mass of the human body, as shown

More information

Guided Inquiry Skills Lab. Additional Lab 1 Making Models of Macromolecules. Problem. Introduction. Skills Focus. Materials.

Guided Inquiry Skills Lab. Additional Lab 1 Making Models of Macromolecules. Problem. Introduction. Skills Focus. Materials. Additional Lab 1 Making Models of Macromolecules Guided Inquiry Skills Lab Problem How do monomers join together to form polymers? Introduction A small number of elements make up most of the mass of your

More information

Biomolecule: Carbohydrate

Biomolecule: Carbohydrate Biomolecule: Carbohydrate This biomolecule is composed of three basic elements (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) in a 1:2:1 ratio. The most basic carbohydrates are simple sugars, or monosaccharides. Simple

More information

LAB 4 Macromolecules

LAB 4 Macromolecules LAB 4 Macromolecules Overview In addition to water and minerals, living things contain a variety of organic molecules. Most of the organic molecules in living organisms are of 4 basic types: carbohydrate,

More information

Biology 20 Laboratory Life s Macromolecules OBJECTIVE INTRODUCTION

Biology 20 Laboratory Life s Macromolecules OBJECTIVE INTRODUCTION Biology 20 Laboratory Life s Macromolecules OBJECTIVE To observe and record reactions between three classes of macromolecules in the presence of simple chemical indictors. To be able to distinguish positive

More information

Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules

Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules 5 McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic molecules found in every living organism. These macromolecules are large carbon-based

More information

2-2 Properties of Water

2-2 Properties of Water 2-2 Properties of Water 1 A. The Water Molecule o o o Water is polar Hydrogen bonds form between water molecules Properties of Water: cohesion adhesion capillary action high specific heat ice floats good

More information

Figure 2. Figure 1. Name: Bio AP Lab Organic Molecules

Figure 2. Figure 1. Name: Bio AP Lab Organic Molecules Name: Bio AP Lab Organic Molecules BACKGROUND: A cell is a living chemistry laboratory in which most functions take the form of interactions between organic molecules. Most organic molecules found in living

More information

Biochemistry: Macromolecules

Biochemistry: Macromolecules 1 Biology: Macromolecules 2 Carbohydrates Carbohydrate organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio Meaning: hydrated carbon ratio of h:0 is 2:1 (same as in water) Source: plants

More information

Introduction to Macromolecules. If you were to look at the nutrition label of whole milk, what main items stick out?

Introduction to Macromolecules. If you were to look at the nutrition label of whole milk, what main items stick out? Introduction to Macromolecules Macromolecules are a set of molecules that are found in living organisms. Macromolecules essentially mean big molecules as the word macro means large. The functions of these

More information

McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules

McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules 5 Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic molecules found in every living organism. These macromolecules are large carbon based structures.

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES PT. 3 FOUR MAIN TYPES OF ORGANIC MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP LIVING THINGS

BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES PT. 3 FOUR MAIN TYPES OF ORGANIC MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP LIVING THINGS BIOCHEMISTRY NOTES PT. 3 FOUR MAIN TYPES OF ORGANIC MOLECULES THAT MAKE UP LIVING THINGS 1. 2. 3. 4. CARBOHYDRATES LIPIDS (fats) PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS We call these four main types of carbon- based molecules

More information

Carbohydrates Chemical Composition and Identification

Carbohydrates Chemical Composition and Identification Carbohydrates Chemical Composition and Identification Introduction: Today, scientists use a combination of biology and chemistry for their understanding of life and life processes. Thus, an understanding

More information

I. ROLE OF CARBON IN ORGANISMS: Organic compounds = compounds that contain carbon Ex: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

I. ROLE OF CARBON IN ORGANISMS: Organic compounds = compounds that contain carbon Ex: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins I. ROLE OF CARBON IN ORGANISMS: Organic compounds = compounds that contain carbon Ex: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins Inorganic compounds = compounds that DO NOT contain carbon Ex: Vitamins, minerals,

More information

McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Biomolecules

McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Biomolecules Biology McMush Lab Testing for the Presence of Biomolecules Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are organic molecules found in every living organism. These biomolecules are large carbon-based

More information

Chemical Tests For Biologically Important Molecules Do not write on this document

Chemical Tests For Biologically Important Molecules Do not write on this document Chemical Tests For Biologically Important Molecules Do not write on this document Introduction The most common and important organic molecules found in living things fall into four classes: carbohydrates,

More information

Chapter 1. Chemistry of Life - Advanced TABLE 1.2: title

Chapter 1. Chemistry of Life - Advanced TABLE 1.2: title Condensation and Hydrolysis Condensation reactions are the chemical processes by which large organic compounds are synthesized from their monomeric units. Hydrolysis reactions are the reverse process.

More information

SPECIFICATION CONTINUED Glucose has two isomers, α-glucose and β-glucose, with structures:

SPECIFICATION CONTINUED Glucose has two isomers, α-glucose and β-glucose, with structures: alevelbiology.co.uk SPECIFICATION Monosaccharides are the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made. Glucose, galactose and fructose are common monosaccharides. A condensation reaction between

More information

The. Crash Course. Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O)

The. Crash Course. Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O) The Biochemistry Crash Course Basically, almost all living things are made up of these 4 Elements: - Carbon (C) - Nitrogen (N) - Hydrogen (H) - Oxygen (O) This exercise is designed to familiarize you with

More information

Lab 2. The Chemistry of Life

Lab 2. The Chemistry of Life Lab 2 Learning Objectives Compare and contrast organic and inorganic molecules Relate hydrogen bonding to macromolecules found in living things Compare and contrast the four major organic macromolecules:

More information

I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers. Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis

I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers. Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis I. Polymers & Macromolecules Figure 1: Polymers Polymer: Macromolecule: Figure 2: Polymerization via Dehydration Synthesis 1 Dehydration Synthesis: Figure 3: Depolymerization via Hydrolysis Hydrolysis:

More information

Competitive Inhibitor

Competitive Inhibitor is a substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics. Competitive Inhibitor Identify the following molecule: Polysaccharide

More information

Lab #4: Nutrition & Assays for Detecting Biological Molecules - Introduction

Lab #4: Nutrition & Assays for Detecting Biological Molecules - Introduction Lab #4: Nutrition & Assays for Detecting Biological Molecules - Introduction Most biological molecules fall into one of four varieties: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. These are sometimes

More information

Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates)

Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates) Carbon Compounds (2.3) (Part 1 - Carbohydrates) The Chemistry of Carbon (Organic Chemistry) Organic Chemistry: The study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon can bond with many

More information

IB Biology BIOCHEMISTRY. Biological Macromolecules SBI3U7. Topic 3. Thursday, October 4, 2012

IB Biology BIOCHEMISTRY. Biological Macromolecules SBI3U7. Topic 3. Thursday, October 4, 2012 + IB Biology SBI3U7 BIOCHEMISTRY Topic 3 Biological Macromolecules Essential Questions: 1.What are the 4 main types of biological macromolecules and what is their function within cells? 2.How does the

More information

EXERCISE 3 Carbon Compounds

EXERCISE 3 Carbon Compounds LEARNING OBJECTIVES EXERCISE 3 Carbon Compounds Perform diagnostic tests to detect the presence of reducing sugars (Benedict s), starch (Lugol s), protein (Biuret), lipid (SudanIV) and sodium chloride

More information

Name a property of. water why is it necessary for life?

Name a property of. water why is it necessary for life? 02.09.18 Name a property of + water why is it necessary for life? n Cohesion n Adhesion n Transparency n Density n Solvent n Heat capacity + Macromolecules (2.3 & some of 2.4) + Organic Molecules All molecules

More information

Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis Reactions. ne_content/animations/reaction_types.ht ml

Dehydration Synthesis and Hydrolysis Reactions.   ne_content/animations/reaction_types.ht ml Glucose Molecule Macromolecules Carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids are polymers Polymers long molecules made from building blocks linked by covalent bonds Monomers the building blocks to polymers

More information

of Life Chemical Aspects OBJ ECTIVESshould be able to: ENCOUNTERS WITH LIFE H" ~ ~O N-C-C H R OH After completing this exercise, the student

of Life Chemical Aspects OBJ ECTIVESshould be able to: ENCOUNTERS WITH LIFE H ~ ~O N-C-C H R OH After completing this exercise, the student ENCOUNTERS WT LFE Chemical Aspects of Life C 20 C--O. /1 '\. O \/ '\./ C C / \. O / -, O \.1 C--C 1 O GLYCEROL After completing this exercise, the student OBJ ECTVESshould be able to: Define organic and

More information

Wallington County Grammar School

Wallington County Grammar School Wallington County Grammar School Y11 to Lower Sixth Bridging Work Subject: Subject Leader to direct questions to (email enquiries@wcgs.org.uk): Estimated hours of work needed to complete this work successfully:

More information

Tests for Carbohydrates

Tests for Carbohydrates Goals bserve physical and chemical properties of some common carbohydrates. Use physical and chemical tests to distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Identify an unknown

More information

Name Date Period. Macromolecule Virtual Lab. Name: Go to the website:

Name Date Period. Macromolecule Virtual Lab. Name: Go to the website: Macromolecule Virtual Lab Name: Go to the website: http://faculty.kirkwood.edu/apeterk/learningobjects/biologylabs.htm The most common organic compounds found in living organisms are lipids, carbohydrates,

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 37. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 37 2 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. 3 of 37 Macromolecules Macromolecules Macromolecules

More information

You Are What You Eat

You Are What You Eat An Investigation of Macromolecules Student Materials Introduction....2 Pre-Lab Questions.5 Lab Protocol..6 Post-Lab Questions and Analysis 9 Last updated: September 26 th, 2017 1 Introduction When deciding

More information

Biochemistry. Biome. & Compound. Macromolecules

Biochemistry. Biome. & Compound. Macromolecules Biochemistry Biome Macromolecules & Compound 1 ATOMS the smallest unit of an element. Ex: Carbon- C MOLECULE A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically. EX: O 2 (Oxygen Gas) 2

More information

Name: Per. Date: / 71 points MACROMOLECULE LAB: Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules

Name: Per. Date: / 71 points MACROMOLECULE LAB: Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules Name: Per. Date: / 71 points MACROMOLECULE LAB: Testing for the Presence of Macromolecules Introduction: There are four broad classes of macromolecules that can be found in living systems. Each type of

More information

BIOMOLECULES. Ms. Bosse Fall 2015

BIOMOLECULES. Ms. Bosse Fall 2015 BIOMOLECULES Ms. Bosse Fall 2015 Biology Biology is the study of the living world. Bio = life Major Molecules of Life Macromolecules giant molecules found in living cells; made from thousands of smaller

More information

1. Substances in Cells

1. Substances in Cells 1. Substances in Cells Students: Investigate cell requirements, including but not limited to: - Suitable forms of energy, including light energy and chemical energy in complex molecules. - Matter, including

More information

Biochemistry. Chapter 6

Biochemistry. Chapter 6 Biochemistry Chapter 6 Game Plan for Today. - Collect your papers - Hand back quests - Go over Amoeba Sister Chart - Biochem Notes - Video Carbohydrate Lab Food Label Lab! Testing For Carbohydrates Benedict's

More information

9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids 9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids o o o Food is a good source of one or more of the following: protein,

More information

Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds

Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 The Chemistry of Carbon What elements does carbon bond with to make up life s molecules? Carbon can bond with many elements, including Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen

More information

Unit 1: Biochemistry

Unit 1: Biochemistry Name: Date: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and enzymes 1. All living things contain which element? A. helium B. sodium C. copper D. carbon 4. Which of the following elements is best able to combine with

More information

Lab 3 MACROMOLECULES INTRODUCTION I. IDENTIFICATION OF MACROMOLECULES. A. Carbohydrates

Lab 3 MACROMOLECULES INTRODUCTION I. IDENTIFICATION OF MACROMOLECULES. A. Carbohydrates Lab 3 MACROMOLECULES OBJECTIVES Define macromolecule, vitamin, mineral, carbohydrate, monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein, amino acid, calorie; Describe the basic structures of

More information

Carbohydrates. 1. Using the terms provided below, complete the concept map showing the characteristics of organic compounds.

Carbohydrates. 1. Using the terms provided below, complete the concept map showing the characteristics of organic compounds. Name: Class: Date: Grade 10 Science Related Reading/Biology Carbohydrates Biology Gr10 1. Using the terms provided below, complete the concept map showing the characteristics of organic compounds. maltose

More information

Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O

Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? * All of life is built on carbon * Cells are made up of about 72% water 3% salts (NaCl, and K) 25% carbon compounds which

More information

Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury

Organic Compounds. Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Organic Compounds Biology-CP Mrs. Bradbury Carbon Chemistry The compounds that form the cells and tissues of the body are produced from similar compounds in the foods you eat. Common to most foods and

More information

Introduction: Lab Safety: Student Name: Spring 2012 SC135. Laboratory Exercise #4: Biologically Important Molecules

Introduction: Lab Safety: Student Name: Spring 2012 SC135. Laboratory Exercise #4: Biologically Important Molecules FMCC Student Name: Spring 2012 SC135 Introduction: Laboratory Exercise #4: Biologically Important Molecules The major groups of biologically important molecules are: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and

More information

All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:

All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic compounds

More information

Lab: Organic Compounds

Lab: Organic Compounds Lab: Organic Compounds Name(s) Date Period Benchmark: SC.912.L.18.1: Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of biological macromolecules. Background:

More information

Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE

Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE Macromolecules Carbohydrates A COMPLEX COLORING EXPERIENCE Name: Per: Date: All plants, animals and microorganisms use carbohydrates as sources of energy. Carbohydrates are also used as structural building

More information

Biological Molecules 1

Biological Molecules 1 Biological Molecules 1 Overview Macromolecules Monomers and polymers The four classes of biological molecules Lipids Saturated, unsaturated, trans fats Phospholipids Steroids Carbohydrates Monosaccharides,

More information

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all

More information

Can you explain that monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made?

Can you explain that monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made? Biological molecules Can you explain that all living things have a similar biochemical basis? Can you explain that monomers are smaller units from which larger molecules are made? Can you describe polymers

More information

Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds

Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from

More information

CLASS 11th. Biomolecules

CLASS 11th. Biomolecules CLASS 11th 01. Carbohydrates These are the compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen having hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as that of water, i.e. 2 : 1. They are among the most widely distributed

More information

Macromolecules Cut & Paste

Macromolecules Cut & Paste Macromolecules Cut & Paste Adapted from http://mrswords.weebly.com/uploads/1/5/2/4/15244382/ch_6-3_life_molecules_cut-out_lab.pdf INTRODUCTION Many of the molecules in living cells are so large that they

More information

Name: Per. HONORS: Molecules of Life

Name: Per. HONORS: Molecules of Life Name: Per. HONORS: Molecules of Life Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are classes of organic molecules that are essential to the life processes of all living things. All three classes of molecules are

More information

OCR (A) Biology A-level

OCR (A) Biology A-level OCR (A) Biology A-level Topic 2.2: Biological molecules Notes Water Water is a very important molecule which is a major component of cells, for instance: Water is a polar molecule due to uneven distribution

More information

HW #1 Molecules of Life Packet

HW #1 Molecules of Life Packet Name Hour Due: HW #1 Molecules of Life Packet Lab Molecule ID Chemistry Fats, carbs WS HW Page 1 Page 2 Your Points Total Points Possible 5 pts Macromolecules in Foods Lab Introduction: The food we eat

More information

Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life

Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life Proteins Biomolecules Nucleic Acids The Building Blocks of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Biomolecules are 1. Organic molecules that are (at least 1 Carbon molecule and often chains of Carbon) They all contain.

More information

Name Group Members. Table 1 Observation (include details of what you observe)

Name Group Members. Table 1 Observation (include details of what you observe) Name Group Members Macromolecules, Part 1 - PROTEINS There are four classes of macromolecules that are important to the function of all living things. These include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and

More information

Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds

Lesson Overview. Carbon Compounds. Lesson Overview. 2.3 Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview 2.3 THINK ABOUT IT In the early 1800s, many chemists called the compounds created by organisms organic, believing they were fundamentally different from compounds in nonliving things. We

More information

Carbon. p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms

Carbon. p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms Organic Compounds Carbon p Has four valence electrons p Can bond with many elements p Can bond to other carbon atoms n Gives carbon the ability to form chains that are almost unlimited in length. p Organic

More information

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all

More information

GENERAL TESTS FOR CARBOHYDRATE. By Sandip Kanazariya

GENERAL TESTS FOR CARBOHYDRATE. By Sandip Kanazariya GENERAL TESTS FOR CARBOHYDRATE By Sandip Kanazariya Introduction Carbohydrates are of great importance to human beings. They are major part of our diet, providing 60-70% of total energy required by the

More information

The Carbon Atom (cont.)

The Carbon Atom (cont.) Organic Molecules Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world. Organic Molecule a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with

More information

ARE YOU WHAT YOU EAT? TEACHER HANDBOOK

ARE YOU WHAT YOU EAT? TEACHER HANDBOOK ARE YOU WHAT YOU EAT? TEACHER HANDBOOK Alabama Course of Study: Science Biology: 1. Select appropriate laboratory glassware, balances, time measuring equipment, and optical instruments to conduct an experiment.

More information

Macromolecule Virtual Lab

Macromolecule Virtual Lab Part A Macromolecule Virtual Lab Go to the website: http://faculty.kirkwood.edu/apeterk/learningobjects/biologylabs.htm CARBOHYDRATES Scroll down to the bottom and click on Carbohydrate 1. What do carbohydrates

More information

Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life

Proteins. Biomolecules. Nucleic Acids. The Building Blocks of Life Proteins Biomolecules Nucleic Acids The Building Blocks of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Biomolecules are Organic Molecules 1. Organic molecules that are Carbon based (at least 1 Carbon molecule and often

More information

Bridging task for 2016 entry. AS/A Level Biology. Why do I need to complete a bridging task?

Bridging task for 2016 entry. AS/A Level Biology. Why do I need to complete a bridging task? Bridging task for 2016 entry AS/A Level Biology Why do I need to complete a bridging task? The task serves two purposes. Firstly, it allows you to carry out a little bit of preparation before starting

More information

The Chemistry of Life

The Chemistry of Life The Chemistry of Life Biomolecules Warm-up List the percentages of each: Total Fats Saturated Fats 25% Carbohydrates 10% Protein 7% 20% What Biomolecule would cholesterol be classified as? Lipids (fats)

More information

Topic 4 - #2 Carbohydrates Topic 2

Topic 4 - #2 Carbohydrates Topic 2 Topic 4 - #2 Carbohydrates Topic 2 Biologically Important Monosaccharide Derivatives There are a large number of monosaccharide derivatives. A variety of chemical and enzymatic reactions produce these

More information

What is a Biomolecule?

What is a Biomolecule? Biology Unit 03 What is a Biomolecule? Organic molecule made by living organisms Consists mostly of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) But wait What is an Organic Molecule? Organic Molecules: Contain

More information

2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules)

2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules) 2 3 Carbon Compounds (Macromolecules) Slide 1 of 37 Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Slide 2 of 37 Carbon Living organisms are

More information

You Are What You Eat

You Are What You Eat You Are What You Eat An Investigation of Macromolecules Student Materials Introduction....2 Pre-Lab Questions.6 Lab Protocol..7 Post-Lab Questions and Analysis 11 Last updated: 10/15/18 1 You Are What

More information

2-3 Carbon Compounds 10/22/2013. The Chemistry of Carbon. More Carbon. Chemistry (cont) More Macromolecules. Macromolecules

2-3 Carbon Compounds 10/22/2013. The Chemistry of Carbon. More Carbon. Chemistry (cont) More Macromolecules. Macromolecules The Chemistry of Carbon 2-3 Carbon Compounds Because of carbons 4 valence electrons it can form covalent bonds with many other elements (octet rule) 2 Chemistry (cont) Plus, it can bond with itself More

More information

The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

The Structure and Function of Macromolecules The Structure and Function of Macromolecules I. Polymers What is a polymer? Poly = many; mer = part. A polymer is a large molecule consisting of many smaller sub-units bonded together. What is a monomer?

More information

2 3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37

2 3 Carbon Compounds Slide 1 of 37 1 of 37 The Chemistry of Carbon The Chemistry of Carbon Organic chemistry is the study of all compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. Carbon atoms have four valence electrons that can join with

More information

Carbohydrates. Organic compounds which comprise of only C, H and O. C x (H 2 O) y

Carbohydrates. Organic compounds which comprise of only C, H and O. C x (H 2 O) y Carbohydrates Organic compounds which comprise of only C, H and O C x (H 2 O) y Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Simple sugar Soluble in water Precursors in synthesis triose sugars of other (C3) molecules

More information

The Structure and Function of Biomolecules

The Structure and Function of Biomolecules The Structure and Function of Biomolecules The student is expected to: 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic

More information

Biological Molecules

Biological Molecules SIM Tuition Biological Molecules I won t lie. This is probably the most boring topic you have ever done in any science. It s pretty much as simple as this: learn the material deal with it. Enjoy don t

More information

Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life

Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life State Standards Standard 1.h. Standard 5.a. Standard 4.e. Organic Molecules A cell is mostly water. The rest of the cell consists mostly of carbon based molecules organic

More information

FOOD. Why do we need food? What's in our food? There are 3 trace elements, Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn).

FOOD. Why do we need food? What's in our food? There are 3 trace elements, Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn). Why do we need food? FOOD 1. As a source of energy keeps our cells and us alive. 2. To make chemicals for our metabolic reactions. 3. As raw materials for growth and repair of our cells and body. What's

More information

Macromolecules Materials

Macromolecules Materials Macromolecules Materials Item per bench per class Test tubes 19 a bunch Benedict s reagent 1 bottle 6 Iodine bottle 1 bottle 6 Sudan IV bottle 1 bottle 6 Biuret s Bottle 1 bottle 6 250 ml beaker 1 6 heat

More information

Identification of Organic Compounds Lab

Identification of Organic Compounds Lab Identification of Organic Compounds Lab Introduction All organic compounds contain the element carbon (C). Organic compounds usually also contain oxygen (O) or hydrogen (H) or both. They may also contain

More information

QUALITATIVE TESTS OF CARBOHYDRATE

QUALITATIVE TESTS OF CARBOHYDRATE QUALITATIVE TESTS OF CARBOHYDRATE MACROMOLECULE CARBOHYDRATES Are the key source of energy used by living things. Also serve as extracellular structural elements as in cell wall of bacteria and plant.

More information

Macromolecule stations. 6 stations

Macromolecule stations. 6 stations Macromolecule stations 6 stations 1. Sugar and protein paper pieces to build (with waters) 2. Fatty acid and nucleic acid paper pieces to build with (and water) 3. DNA model with several pieces removed

More information

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Ex: Water. Compounds that may be essential to life, but are not necessarily found in living things.

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Ex: Water. Compounds that may be essential to life, but are not necessarily found in living things. INORGANIC COMPOUNDS Compounds that may be essential to life, but are not necessarily found in living things. Ex: Water Other example: CO2 - ¾ of earth - 90% of living tissue WATER Water is a POLAR compound.

More information

2. In terms of appearance, what is the main difference between a monomer, dimer and a polymer?

2. In terms of appearance, what is the main difference between a monomer, dimer and a polymer? Biology Ms. Ye Name Date Block Monomers vs. Polymers 1. The prefix mono- means one. The prefix di- means two. The prefix poly- means many. Based on the given definitions, label the pictures of paperclips

More information

Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review

Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review Bio 12 Chapter 2 Test Review 1.Know the difference between ionic and covalent bonds In order to complete outer shells in electrons bonds can be Ionic; one atom donates or receives electrons Covalent; atoms

More information

Carbohydrates. Monosaccharides

Carbohydrates. Monosaccharides Carbohydrates Carbohydrates (also called saccharides) are molecular compounds made from just three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Monosaccharides (e.g. glucose) and disaccharides (e.g. sucrose)

More information

Carbon. Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements. Can bond to other carbon atoms. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen

Carbon. Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements. Can bond to other carbon atoms. Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Organic Compounds Carbon Has four valence electrons Can bond with many elements Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Nitrogen Can bond to other carbon atoms Gives carbon the ability to form chains

More information

WEAR GOGGLES, GLOVES AND A LAB APRON!!!!

WEAR GOGGLES, GLOVES AND A LAB APRON!!!! Organic Food Lab =) Problem: What test are used to discover if certain organic molecules are present in food? Could these tests be used to identify an unknown food? Background: We will be studying various

More information

The Chemistry of Carbohydrates

The Chemistry of Carbohydrates Name Period Date The Chemistry of Carbohydrates Biologists today depend upon chemists for much of their understanding of life and life processes. Therefore, an understanding of some chemical concepts important

More information

Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule

More information

Biological molecules = Biomolecules = Compounds of life

Biological molecules = Biomolecules = Compounds of life Biological molecules = Biomolecules = Compounds of life Carbohydrates Proteins & Amino Acids Mono-saccharides Olego-saccharides Di-saccharides Poly-saccharides Lipids Oils & Fats Amino acids Proteins Enzymes

More information