BODY SYSTEMS UNIT ANCHOR CHARTS:

Transcription

1 BODY SYSTEMS UNIT ANCHOR CHARTS:

2 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION smallest unit Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems largest unit Body

3 TISSUES IN THE HUMAN BODY Tissue Function Example Muscle makes parts of the body move by contracting or shortening arm muscles Nervous Connective Epithelial carries messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body supports the body and connects all its parts covers surfaces of the body, inside and out brain, spinal cord, nerves blood, fat, cartilage, bones, or tendons skin, lining of digestive system

4 MOVABLE JOINTS Joint Kind Of Motion Where Its Found In The Body Hinge Ball-andsocket Pivot Gliding Allows forward or backward motion Allows the bone to swing in a circle Allows one bone to rotate around another Allows one bone to slide over another knees elbows shoulders hips neck wrists ankles

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6 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE Muscles Location In Body Voluntary Or Involuntary Striated Or Not Skeletal attached to bones voluntary striated Smooth inside many internal organs involuntary not Cardiac only in the heart involuntary striated

7 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE

8 3 MAIN FUNCTIONS OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1 2 Breaks down food into molecules the body can use. Molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body 3 Removes waste from the body

9 TYPES OF DIGESTION Mechanical Food physically broken down into smaller pieces Chemical Food chemically broken down into smaller chemical building blocks; by chemicals produced by the body

10 Small Intestine Liver/ Gallbladder FINAL DIGESTION/ADSOPTION where almost all chemical digestion and adsorption of nutrients take place Produces Bile Bile breaks down fat particles Gallbladder stores bile Pancreas Produces enzymes that break down starches, proteins, fats Large Intestine Removes water Rectum Removes waste

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13 NERVOUS SYSTEM MAIN FUNCTIONS 1 2 Receives info about what is happening both outside and inside your body Directs the way your body responds to information 3 Helps maintain homeostasis

14 NERVOUS SYSTEM: 2 DIVISIONS Type Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Description Includes brain and spinal cord Cerebrum = inputs, left/right, right/left cerebellum = actions, balance Brain stem = involuntary activites All other nerves located in the body Somatic nervous systems controls voluntary actions Autonomic nervous systems controls involuntary actions

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16 Type Sensory Neurons Interneurons Motor Neurons TYPES OF NEURONS Type Picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse Carries the nerve impulses from one neuron to another. Sends an impulse to a muscle or gland; then the muscle/gland reacts in response.

17 dendrites nucleus synapse axon

18 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM MAIN FUNCTIONS 1 The skin covers and protects the body from injury, infection and water loss. 2 The skin helps regulate body temperature. 3 The skin eliminates waste. 4 The skin gathers info about the environment 5 The skin produces Vitamin D.

19 LAYERS OF THE SKIN pore epidermis dermis follicle

20 IMMUNE SYSTEM: 3 LINES OF DEFENSE 1 Barriers to Pathogens 2 Inflammatory Response to Pathogens 3 Distinguish between Pathogens Skin, breathing passages, mouth, stomach function as barriers. White blood cells leak from blood vessels into tissues and fight pathogens. Cells react to each pathogen and target each pathogen specifically.

21 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM respiration breathing The process where Oxygen and glucose are converted into energy inside cells Movement of air in and out of the lungs

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23 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: 3 KINDS OF BLOOD VESSELS arteries capillaries veins Carry blood away from the heart Tiny vessels where substances are exchanged between the blood and body cells Carry blood back to the heart

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25 kidneys EXCRETORY SYSTEM Remove urea and other waste material from the blood Urea = chemical created after the breakdown of proteins Urine = water mixed with urea and other wastes ureters Narrow tubes that carry urine to the urinary bladder urinary bladder Sack-like muscular organ that stores urine urethra Small tube that urine travel thru as it leaves the body

26 kidney cortex ureters bladder medulla urethra