Seasonal Changes in Leaf Magnesium and Boron Contents and Their Relationships to Leaf Yellowing of Navel Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck

Transcription

1 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 1, 1,2,* P < P > 0.05 S A X Seasonal Changes in Leaf Magnesium and Boron Contents and Their Relationships to Leaf of Navel Orange Citrus sinensis Osbeck ZHANG Guang-yue 1,2 PENG Liang-zhi 1,2,* CHUN Chang-pin 1 ZENG Ming 2 LING Li-li 1 LAI Jiu-jiang 3 and WANG Zhen-xing 2 1 Citrus Research Institute Southwest University Chongqing China 2 College of Horticulture and Landscape Southwest University Chongqing China 3 Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College Ganzhou Jiangxi China Abstract: Seasonal changes in Mg and B contents in leaves of two navel orange varieties Newhall and Skaggs Bonanza Citrus sinensis Osbeck on trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata L. ] rootstocks growing on red soil in the middle subtropical monsoon climate zone, were monitored to study the effects of such changes on chlorophyll contents and leaf yellowing. Mg content decreased as leaves grew older and the most pronounced decrease occurred in June when the fruit began expanding. The decrease in Mg paralleled with the progress of leaf yellowing. In contrast, leaf B content increased or stabilized as leaf age increased. A significant positive correlation P < 0.01 was found between Mg contents and chlorophyll contents as showed by high correlation coefficients of and in leaves of Newhall and Skaggs Bonanza respectively. No significant correlation was shown between B contents and chlorophyll contents in the leaves of the two cultivars. Therefore Mg deficiency was the reason for yellowing of leaves on navel orange. Key words navel orange leaf yellowing magnesium boron seasonal change BAD61B03 NYHYZX * Author for correspondence penglz809@163.com

2 % B 2008 Mg Mg B Mg B ph g kg -1 N mg kg - P mg kg - K mg kg - Ca mg kg -1 Mg 57.5 mg kg mg kg [Poncirus trifoliata L. ] Citrus sinensis Osbeck Newhall 13 Citrus sinensis Osbeck Skaggs Bonanza ~ 10 cm 300 g + 50 g % + 0.1% g 15 g ~ 2.0 m ~ 2.0 m h 0.1% min 75

3 Mg LY/T AA-800 Perkin- Elmer B LY/T TU nm P K Ca S Fe Mn Zn Cu LY/T P S TU-910 K Ca Fe Mn Zn Cu AA-800 N LY/T KDY-9820 SPAD-50 Konica 1 4 EXCEL SPSS N P K S Fe Mn Cu Ca Zn Table 1 Mineral element contents in leaves of spring shoots Newhall and Skaggs Bonanza navel orange with yellowing or without control nutrient deficiency symptoms August 2008 / / / / / / /% /% /% /% /% (mg kg -1 ) (mg kg -1 ) (mg kg -1 ) (mg kg -1 ) (g kg -1 ) (mg kg -1 ) Variety Tree type N P K Ca S Fe Mn Zn Cu Mg B 3.25± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Newhall Control 2.75± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Skaggs Bonanza 2.99± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Control 3.25± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± Diagnosis Deficient < 2.2 < 0.09 < 0.7 < 1.5 < 0.14 < 35 < 15 < 15 < 4 < 2.0 < 20 standards Low 2.2~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~59 15~24 15~24 4~5 2.0~2.9 20~35 Optimum 2.5~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~120 25~100 25~ ~ ~4.9 36~100 High 2.8~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~200

4 Mg 2 2 Mg Mg 6 Mg Mg Mg Mg 2008 Table 2 Seasonal changes of magnesium contents in leaves of different shoots of Newhall and Skaggs Bonanza navel orange with yellowing or without control nutrient deficiency symptoms 2008 Variety Tree type Mg / (g kg -1 ) Type of leaves Newhall Control Skaggs Control Bonanza One year spring flush leaves One year spring flush leaves 1.46±0.08 c 1.68±0.11 c 0.95±0.27 c ±0.02 a 2.71±0.09 b 1.73±0.04 b 1.85±0.13 c ±0.21 a 2.47±0.16 a 2.36±0.12 b ±0.14 a 0.73±0.01 d 0.47±0.03 e 0.64±0.10 d ±0.02 b 1.28±0.20 d 1.02±0.09 c 0.60±0.07 f ±0.18 b 2.34±0.34 a 1.11±0.18 e ±0.17 d 2.50±0.03 b 2.39±0.10 c 2.30±0.13 b ±0.08 a 2.59±0.06 b 2.36±0.14 b 2.16±0.09 c ±0.14 a 3.49±0.18 a 2.68±0.12 b ±0.12 a 1.72±0.01 c 0.68±0.08 e 0.61±0.11 e ±0.02 b 1.53±0.21 d 1.21±0.12 d 1.17±0.09 e ±0.13 c 1.85±0.08 c 1.68±0.19 d ±0.17 c 5% Note Column means within each variety followed by different small letters differed significantly at 5% level. The same below. Mg 3 2 > 6 8 > 2 > 11 > > Mg 6 Mg Mg

5 Mg Mg 6 Mg Mg 2 Mg 2.3 B 3 B 31 ~ 100 mg kg ~ 200 mg kg - B 3 B 2008 Table 3 Seasonal changes of boron contents in leaves of different shoots of Newhall and Skaggs Bonanza navel orange with yellowing or without control nutrient deficiency symptoms 2008 Tree type B / (mg kg -1 ) Type of leaves Newhall Skaggs Bonanza Control One year spring flush leaves One year spring flush leaves Control 75.4±1.4 a 117.5±7.4 a 128.2±13.7 b ±0.4 b 97.0±9.7 b 127.0±8.5 b 134.1±12.2 b ±7.8 a 166.9±10.4 a 165.9±6.5 a ±8.0 b 77.5±4.4 a 72.2±6.9 d 95.6±13.8 c ±9.2 a 81.9±13.4 c 76.2±8.1 d 73.7±9.9 d ±6.8 d 94.4±15.9 c 85.3±8.3 c ±8.0 c 77.5±1.6 a 80.2±5.2 a 93.5±4.0 a ±4.2 b 82.2±8.9 a 70.1±11.8 d 79.6±8.8 a ±4.9 c 77.6±4.8 c 78.8±8.2 a ±6.2 b 53.3±1.56 c 56.9±5.2 c 82.4±4.0 b ±2.12 c 61.2±15.5 c 61.8±8.1 e 73.0±16.1 b ±6.8 b 83.0±14.4 b 70.8±9.4 b ±6.2 b B B B B 6 8

6 B 2 B B 2.4 Mg B Mg Mg P < 0.01 y = ln x r = Fig. 1 The correlation between the contents of magnesium and relative chlorophyll in leaves of Newhall navel orange Mg P < 0.01 y = ln x r = Fig. 2 The correlation between the contents of magnesium and relative chlorophyll in leaves of Skaggs Bonanza navel orange B B P > 0.05 y = ln x r = B P > 0.05 y = 0.258

7 ln x r = Mg Mg B Mg B Mg B 2 Mg 2 Mg B N P K Ca S Fe Mn Zn Cu Mg B Mg < 1.5 g kg - Mg B B Brown & Shelp 1997 B 1994 Mg Mg Walter 1968 Mg B B Walter Mg Walter 1968 Mg B Mg B B B Mg Mg Al 3+ K + Ca 2+ Mn 2+ NH + 4 Walter 1968 Heenan & Campbell 1981 Koo 1986 Rengel Tan & Keltjens ph 4.9 Al 3+ Mn 2+ Mg Mg Walter 1968 Mg ph Mg Mg References Brown P H Shelp B J Boron mobility in plants. Plant and Soil He Tian-fu The citrology. Beijing China Agriculture Press in Chinese

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