Why Are Peanuts Good For Me?

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Kerry Chase
5 years ago
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1 Why Are Peanuts Good For Me? Anna V.A. Resurreccion Professor Department of Food Science and Technology University of Georgia Griffin Campus

2 Nutrition Long before energy bars There were energy capsules.

3 Peanut Energy food FDA approved health claim (July 2003) Functional food Scientific evidence suggests but does not prove that eating 1.5 ounces of most nuts, such as peanuts, as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol may reduce the risk of heart disease.

4 What are functional foods? Foods and food components that provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition. Reduced risk of chronic disease Enhanced management of chronic disease These are food components not considered as nutrients in the traditional definition. IFT Expert Report (2005)

5 Beneficial effects of peanut consumption Reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases Peanut consumption magnesium folate fiber copper Vitamin E Alper and Mattes (2003) arginine

6 Beneficial effects of peanut consumption Low blood cholesterol Peanut eaters have lower LDL and total cholesterol by 14 and 11%, respectively. Kris-Etherton et. al. (1999)

7 Beneficial effects of peanut consumption Compatible with a weight reduction diet Peanut butter and peanuts are satisfying snacks that can help people stick to weight loss diets.

8 Beneficial effects of peanut consumption Reduced risk of Type II Diabetes 5 times/week = 27% reduced risk of developing type II diabetes Jiang et. al. (2002)

9 Beneficial effects of peanut consumption Reduced risk of Alzheimer Disease Foods with high vitamin E = Alzheimer s 17% of RDA 21% of RDA Engelhart et. al. (2002)

10 Location /part Kernels Skins Hulls Roots Leaves

11 Components of Peanuts NUTRIENT Macronutrients Proteins Fats Dietary Fiber Micronutrients Folate Magnesium, Copper, Potassium, Calcium Vitamin E FUNCTIONAL Stilbenes Resveratrol Phytosterols Beta-sitosterol Flavonoids Flavanols, Flavones Flavanones, Isoflavonoids Phenolics Cinnamic & Benzoic acids

12 Stilbenes - Resveratrol

13 Stilbenes - Resveratrol Wounding or Slicing UV light Fungal attack

14 Stilbenes Food Sources Wine 0.6 mcg/g (5.01) Peanuts 0.01 mcg/g (5.14) Resveratrol enhanced peanut (REP) Ultrasound treatment for production of REP Patent filed by UGA (Resurreccion, et al., 2004) REPs approx. 8.0 mcg/g

15 Raw peanuts Surface sterilized Fully-imbibed in water Size-reduction stress Ultrasound Treatment Incubation

16 Phytosterols Natural components of vegetable oils. Chemical structure similar to cholesterol. Beta-sitosterol a sterol with anticancer properties (Awad et al., 2000)

17 Phytosterols Food Sources Vegetable oils Refined peanut oil contains 38% more beta-sitosterol than refined pure olive oil (Peanut Institute, 2000) Beta-sitosterol (mg/100g) Margarines (0.3 to 0.5%) 100 Peanut and peanut products (Valencia > Runner, Spanish, 50 0 Dry roasted Oil roasted Peanut butter Peanut flour Unrefined peanut oil Virginia)(Awad et al 2000)

18 Flavonoids Secondary plant phenolics widely distributed in the leaves, seeds, bark and flowers Over 4,000 flavonoids occur in nature

19 Flavonoids in peanuts Total proanthocyanidin (mg/100g) Peanut butter Peanut oil Peanut skin, raw Total isoflavone (mg/100g) Peanuts, raw 0.26 Peanut skin, roasted

20 Phenolic acids p-coumaric (mg/kg) Derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic acids p-coumaric acid and ethyl protocatechuic acid are potent antioxidants GA Green, raw GA Green, roasted Roasted peanuts

21 Health benefits Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease Lowers blood cholesterol Anti-cancer activity Inhibits platelet aggregation Reduced risk of Type II diabetes Free-radical scavengers

22 Free radicals in the body may lead to Atherosclerosis Cataract Diabetes Cancer Asthma Rheumatoid arthritis Knekt et. al. (2002)

23 Functionality Components in peanuts may be used as food ingredients for their Antioxidant properties

24 Functionality Stabilizing effect Heat stability of milk Foam/gel stability Co-pigments for stability of anthocyanins

25 Functionality Antimicrobial agent Antibacterial Sporeformers Bacillus, Clostridium Pathogens Listeria, Salmonella, E. coli Antifungal

26 Natural Nutritious Renewable Available PEANUTS Mother Nature s Vitamin Pill

27 FOOD Product Innovation and Commercialization

?Pairing peanuts with other healthy foods can actually help you. Nutrient Density. Peanuts Improve Nutrient Intake %RDA %RDA

?Pairing peanuts with other healthy foods can actually help you. Nutrient Density. Peanuts Improve Nutrient Intake %RDA %RDA Peanuts Improve Nutrient Intake snacking on peanuts improves intake of healthy nutrients. One serving of peanuts provides many of the essential nutrients we need each day. These include vitamin E, magnesium,